The document discusses the fertilization process, detailing sperm transport, ovum transport, and the key events during fertilization. It explains the role of seminal fluid from various glands and the acrosomal reaction necessary for sperm to penetrate the ovum. The formation of male and female pronuclei leading to zygote development is also described.

1. BY
SANJAY KUMAR

4. Site for fertilization
Fertilization of ovum occurs in the ampulla or lateral 1/3rd
of uterine tube
Time of fertilization
It take place with the time period 24-48 hr

5. Important event of fertilization
Spermatozoon transport
1 semen
2 Transport of sperm
Capacitation
> Trans port of ovum.
> Acrosomal reaction.

6. Important event of fertilization
Spermatozoon transport
-play inportant role in fertilization
1. semen known as seminalfluid

7. Important event of fertilization
Spermatozoon transport
-play inportant role in fertilization
1. semen known as seminalfluid
60%
Seminal vesicles
-rich in fructose
-provide energy
For spermatozoa

8. Important event of fertilization
Spermatozoon transport
-play inportant role in fertilization
1. semen known as seminalfluid
60%
Seminal vesicles
-rich in fructose
-provide energy
For spermatozoa
25%
Prostate
Secertion of
Prostate Is :
Ion, citric acid,
phosphate
Fibrinogen

9. Important event of fertilization
Spermatozoon transport
-play inportant role in fertilization
1. semen known as seminalfluid
60%
Seminal vesicles
-rich in fructose
-provide energy
For spermatozoa
25%
Prostate
Secertion of
Prostate Is :
Ion, citric acid,
phosphate
Fibrinogen
5%
Bulboutheral
gland
Or Cowper gland
Secretion of this
gland
Acts as pre
ejaculatory
lubricant

10. Important event of fertilization
Spermatozoon transport
-play inportant role in fertilization
1. semen known as seminalfluid
60%
Seminal vesicles
-rich in fructose
-provide energy
For spermatozoa
25%
Prostate
Secertion of
Prostate Is :
Ion, citric acid,
phosphate
Fibrinogen
5%
Bulboutheral
gland
Or Cowper gland
Secretion of this
gland
Acts as pre
ejaculatory
lubricant
10%
Spermatozoa
Number of
spermatozoa
Released in each
ejaculation
40-100 million /ml

11. Important event of fertilization
Spermatozoon transport
1 semen
2 Transport of sperm:-
- prostaglandin +nt in semen stimulate
Peristaltic contraction of female genital
tract during sexual intercources
- Time taken for transport of sperm to
uterus is 5-45 minutes

12. Important event of fertilization
Spermatozoon transport
1 semen
2 Transport of sperm
Capacitation :-
In female reproductive tract the sperm
Were enabled to bind zona pelucida
receptor .the change are facilitated by
removal of Glycoprotien which cover sperm

13. Trans port of ovum:- transport of ovum from ovary to
ampulla of uterine tube viability of sperm are important
for succeses of fertilization.
a. Structure of ovum at ovulation:-
- contain sec. oocyte
- 23 unpair chromosome
- surrounded by zona pellucida with protein
&corona radiata
b. Transport of ovum from ovary to ampulla of
uterine tube:--
- the ovum reaches ampulla, the site of
fertilization in 25 minutes
c. Viability of ovum :-
- released at ovulation is viable for 24-48 hr
Enclosed vitelline membrane

14. Acrosomal reaction:- the release of acrosomal
enzyme (hyaluronidase,protease enzyme acrosin
And acid phosphatase )
that facilitate pentration of the zona pellucida

15. Imortant steps in fertilization
. passage of sperm through crona radiata:-
Crona radita 1st barrier digested by hyaluronidase.
. Pentration of zona pellucida: -
Zona pellucida have glycoprotein responsible
For induction of acrosomal reaction.
. Farmation female pronucleus :-
Reconstitution of oocyte chromosome forms
female pronucleus.
. Farmation male pronucleus :- the sperm head
makes a rotation of 180 within the oocyte cytoplaasm with
its nucleus swollen,transforms into male pronucleus

17. Imortant steps in fertilization
. Farmation of zygote:-
Each chromosome in male and female pronuclei is
madeup of only one chromatid. DNA replication
take place to form 2nd chromatid in each
chromosome and 2 centriole appear .
Disappear of nuclear
Membrane and splitting
Of each chromosome into
Two (as in mitosis )occurs
The ovum now called
ZYGOTE