This document summarizes a presentation on faults in spun yarn and types of sizing. It discusses different types of faults that can occur in spun yarn, such as thin places, thick places, slubs, neps, and hairiness. It also explains what sizing is and why it is important for weaving. Sizing applies a protective coating to the yarn surface to reduce breakage during weaving. Different levels of sizing are used depending on the type of yarn, including pure, light, medium, and heavy sizing.

2. 
PRESENTATION DAY
/12/2012
PREPARED BY
Amirul Eahsan
ID: 112-015-041
SECTION:A1
 PRESENTATION ON
 FAULT OF SPAUN YARN & TYPES OF SIZING

3.  A lightweight line made of several rope yarns
loosely wound together, used for sizings onboard
ship. Cord made by twisting together from two to
four untwisted yarns of tarred hemp.
Spun yarns require that size contribute to yarn
strength and that the protruding fiber ends be
glued down to make it less hairy. To do this, the
sizing solution must have a high viscosity to prevent
penetration into the yarn. Optimum protection is
afforded when most of the size remains on the yarn
surface to coat the yarn and glue down the protruding
hair

6.  A yarn that is found to be either below standard
breaking specifications or to be weak enough to cause
an abnormally high degree of stops in textile
processing. It breaks down so easily as it can not
absorb much stretch.

8.  This is the measure for the protruding fibers from the
yarn body. Yarn hairiness denotes the amount of hairs
(fibres) protruding above the surface of the textile
yarn. Especially, in case of staple spun yarns, since
multiple fibres are bound in a single yarn, fibres will
tend to protrude outside the body of the yarn even
though proper twisting is done for that yarn.

10.  Presence of excessive twist
in yarn segments. Mainly
caused by the wrong
selection of twist wheel
resulting stifness.

11.  This types of yarns are heavy in weight as it contains so
many thick portions in its length. It causes poor
knitting performance.

13.  This type of yarn can not retain its original shape or
size perfectly after withdrawing the effective load or
pressure from it .

15.  Abnormally thick place of length 1-4 cm and about 5-8
times larger than average yarn diameter showing less
twist at that place of the yarn. Causes more end breaks
in the ensuring process, Shade variation in dyed fabric.

17.  Thin places causes more end breakage in yarn.

19.  A small knot of entangled and unorganized fibers
cause formation of short, thick places in yarns
and therefore less uniform fabric appearance.

23.  Sizing is the process of applying protective
adhesive coating on the yarn surface. This is the
most important segment of weaving preparatory
process. Because sizing has direct influence on
the weaving efficiency. Better the quality of sizing
higher the weaving efficiency & vice versa. In fact
without sizing, in most of the cases it is almost
impossible to run the weaving process.


24.  The qualities required for a good size depends, in the
main, on what type of yarn is in the warp. For example,
fine count spun yarns require more protection than do
plied yarns or course count spun yarns.

26. 
Size Cooking
↓
Creeling
↓
Yarn Feeding
↓
Sizing (in show box)
↓
Drying
↓
Leasing
↓
Denting
↓
Empty Beam Feeding & M/C Running
↓
Ends Cutting
↓
Doffing

27.  Sizing gives a protective coating on yarn surface to
tolerate the friction on loom machine. The size
yarn may reduce the yarn breakage & yarn rupture
during weaving process. As a result, fabric quality
becomes better & production becomes higher.

28.  1. Pure sizing
 2. Light sizing
 3. Medium sizing
 4. Heavy sizing

29.  When sizing is done in yarn which produces
unbleached fabric is called pure sizing.
 7-10 % size ingredients are used on the weight of yarn.

30.  This is used for dyeing and printing.
 11-15% sizing ingredients are used on the weight
of the yarn.

31.  For increasing strength & weight of the yarn medium
sizing is used.
 16-40% sizing ingredients are used on the weight of
yarn.

32.  To increase weight of the yarn its application on
twisted yarn and lower count of yarn.
 Above 40% sizing ingredients are used on the weight
of yarn.

33.  After all the discussion above, we can say that, Sizing is
truly the heart of weaving. It improves the quality of
productions and ensures the protections of warp.

34. THANK U ALL…