Factors and Multiples

1. FACTORS AND MULTIPLES
BY RACHEL 3/4C

2. FACTORS
FACTORS ARE NUMBERS YOU CAN MULTIPLY TOGETHER TO MAKE ANOTHER NUMBER.
EXAMPLE:
3X4=12, SO 3 AND 4 ARE FACTORS OF 12.
2X6=12, SO 2 AND 6 ARE ALSO FACTORS OF 12.

3. MULTIPLES
A MULTIPLE IS THE RESULT OF MULTIPLYING A NUMBER BY AN INTEGER (NOT A FRACTION)
EXAMPLE:
12 IS A MULTIPLE OF 3, BECAUSE 3X4=12.
12 IS ALSO A MULTIPLE OF 2, BECAUSE 2X6=12.

5. HCF HIGHEST COMMON FACTOR
THE HCF IS THE HIGHEST NUMBER THAT DIVIDES EVENLY INTO TWO OR MORE NUMBERS. IT IS
THE LARGEST NUMBER POSSIBLE TO SIMPLIFY THOSE NUMBERS.
EXAMPLE:
FACTORS OF 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12.
FACTORS OF 16: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16.
THE COMMON FACTORS ARE: 1, 2, 4 AND THE HIGHEST IS 4, SO 4 IS THE HFC OF 12 AND 16.

6. LCM LOWEST COMMON MULTIPLE
THE LCM IS THE LOWEST COMMON MULTIPLE OF TWO OR MORE NUMBERS.
EXAMPLE:
MULTIPLES OF 4: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40,…
MULTIPLES OF 5: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50,…
THE MULTIPLES THAT APPEAR IN BOTH ROWS ARE: 20, 40, 60, 80,… AND THE SMALLEST IS 20,
SO THE LCM OF 4 AND 5 IS 20.

8. HCF SHORT DIVISION METHOD
THE SHORT DIVISION METHOD ALLOWS YOU TO FIND THE HCF OF TWO NUMBERS QUICKLY.

9. HCF SHORT DIVISION METHOD EXAMPLE
1. DRAW A LINE ACROSS AND A LINE DOWN.
2. WRITE THE TWO NUMBERS ON THE LINE GOING ACROSS
TO THE RIGHT.
3. DIVIDE THE TWO NUMBERS UNTIL NONE CAN BE FOUND.
4. MULTIPLY THE LEFT COLUMN.

10. LCM SHORT DIVISION METHOD
THE SHORT DIVISION METHOD ALLOWS YOU TO FIND THE LCM OF TWO NUMBERS QUICKLY.
STEPS:
1. DIVIDE BOTH NUMBERS BY A COMMON NUMBER UNTIL NONE CAN BE FOUND.
2. MULTIPLY THE LEFT COLUMN AND THE BOTTOM ROW.

11. LCM SHORT DIVISION METHOD EXAMPLE
1. DRAW A LINE ACROSS AND A LINE DOWN.
2. WRITE THE TWO NUMBERS ON THE LINE GOING ACROSS TO
THE RIGHT.
3. DIVIDE THE TWO NUMBERS UNTIL NONE CAN BE FOUND.
4. MULTIPLY THE LEFT COLUMN AND THE BOTTOM ROW.

12. THE END