Exosomes are 30-150 nm tiny vesicles secreted by most cell types in vivo and in vitro. They are found in all body fluids including plasma, serum, saliva, urine, amniotic fluid, malignant ascite fluids, and cultured medium of cell cultures.
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Exosome therapy
1. With years of hard working in exosome technology and engineering, Creative Biolabs has got
all the necessary knowledge and technologies of exosomes. We give an introduction of the
therapeutic applications of exosomes in diseases and approaches utilized for drug loading
into exosomes.
Exosomes are cell-derived vesicles that are presented in many and perhaps all eukaryotic
fluids, including blood, urine, and cultured medium of cell cultures. They have the common
features like liposomes with a phospholipid bilayer and being composed of biocompatible
substances. Besides, exosomes have endogenously synthesized lipid, protein, and RNA. In
view of these characteristics, exosomes are useful drug delivery tools that have multiple
advantages over conventional delivery systems. Drugs delivered by exosomes may be
efficiently absorbed by target tissues and cells with high specificity and lack of immunologic
reactions. Thus, exosomes function as a popular tool to deliver multiple drugs to various
target tissues.
Exosomes Application in Drug Delivery
Exosomes loading with drugs have been widely used for various diseases treatment. In a
research, exosomes containing the anti-inflammatory small molecule compound curcumin
have been shown to protect mice from brain inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharides.
The incorporation of curcumin in exosomes improved its solubility, prolonged circulation time,
retained drug therapy activity, and improved brain delivery. During tumor treatment, tumor
exosomes loaded with anti-tumor drugs can effectively ensure drug maintain their native
property and promote drug transport to target tumor tissue. For example, exosomes carrying
different chemotherapeutics, PTX or Dox, have been shown to transport to tumor tissues and
decrease tumor growth in mice without the adverse effects with the equipotent free drug.
Furthermore, exosomes also act as exogenous siRNA carrier, which is used for cancer
Therapeutic Application of Exosomes
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2. treatment. A study showed that exosomes loaded with siRNA against RAD51 caused massive
reproductive cell death of recipient cancer cells. In addition, a biocompatible platform based
on blood exosomes for delivering drugs across the blood-brain barrier has been developed.
Dopamine can be successfully loaded into blood exosomes and then transport into brain,
including the striatum and substantia nigra. The distribution of dopamine in brain increased
more than 15 times by using the blood exosomes as delivery system. Hence, blood exosomes
loaded with dopamine are effective strategies for Parkinson’s disease (PD) treatment.
Fig.1 The different exosomal types of drug delivery systems. A, hydrophobic drug, B, hydrophilic drug, C, intracellular
components (DNA, RNA and protein), D, membrane components (ligand and receptor). (Sun, 2017)
Approaches Utilized for Drug Loading into Exosomes
There have several distinct approaches that are used for the encapsulate therapeutic cargo
with exosomal carriers. The selection of methods depends on the type of therapeutic agents,
site of the disease, and conditions suitable for a specific type of exosome-loaded cargo.
Most lipophilic small molecules are passively loaded into exosomes during co-incubation
with purified exosomes or exosome-like vesicles, such as low molecular antioxidant and
anticancer agents.
Parental cells are loaded with a therapeutic agent, which then are released in exosomes.
Transfecting/infecting parental cells with drug-encoding DNA which are then released in
exosomes.
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3. Fig.2 Different approached for drug loading into exosomes. (Batrakova, 2015)
Features of Our Services
Extentive experienced in exosome engineering
Advanced technique platform
Whole-process technical guidance
High-quality and low cost services
We are confident to offer a series of exosome-related services including drug loading into
exosomes and exosome genetical modification. If you are interested in our services, please
feel free to contact us for more information.
References:
1. Sun. L.; et al. Exosome and its applications as a novel drug delivery system. Clinics in
Oncology. 2017, 2:1316.
2. Batrakova, E.V.; Kim, M.S. Using exosomes, naturally-equipped nanocarriers, for drug
delivery. Journal of Controlled Release. 2015, 219:396-405.
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Diagnostic Application of Exosomes
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