This document provides an agenda and notes for an EWRT 1C class. The agenda includes drafting the second paper, studying for the first exam, and reviewing technical details of integrating quotations and avoiding grammatical errors when citing sources. The exam will cover short stories, poetry, and critical theories discussed in class such as New Criticism, Feminist Criticism, and Psychoanalytic Criticism. A review session provides sample exam questions and reminds students to prepare for Exam #1 at the next class meeting by reading the assigned short story.

1. EWRT 1C CLASS 18
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2. Agenda
 Draft Paper #2
 Study for exam #1

3. Drafting the essay

6. Technical Details: Review

7. Integrating Short Quotations
 To indicate short quotations (fewer than four
typed lines of prose or three lines of verse) in
your text, enclose the quotation within double
quotation marks. Provide the author and
specific page citation (in the case of verse,
provide line numbers) in the text, and include a
complete reference on the Works Cited page.
Punctuation marks such as periods, commas,
and semicolons should appear after the
parenthetical citation. Question marks and
exclamation points should appear within the
quotation marks if they are a part of the quoted
passage but after the parenthetical citation if
they are a part of your text.

8. Integrating Quotations
Depending on its length, a quotation may be incorporated into your
text by being enclosed in quotation marks or set off from your text in a
block without quotation marks. In either case, be sure to integrate the
quotation into the language of your essay.
In-Text Quotations: Incorporate brief quotations (no more than four
typed lines of prose or three lines of poetry) into your text. You may
place the quotation virtually anywhere in your sentence:
 At the Beginning:
 “To live a life is not to cross a field,” Sutherland writes at the beginning of
her narrative (11).
 In the Middle
 Woolf begins and ends by speaking of the need of the woman writer to
have “money and a room of her own” (4)--an idea that certainly spoke to
Plath’s condition.
 At the End
 In The Second Sex, Simone de Beauvoir describes such an
experience as one in which the girl “becomes an object, and she
sees herself as object” (378).

9. Remembering just a few simple rules can help you use the correct
punctuation as you introduce quotations.
oRule 1: Complete sentence: "quotation." (If you use a
complete sentence to introduce a quotation, use a colon (:) just
before the quotation.)
o Rule 2: Someone says, "quotation." (If the word just before
the quotation is a verb indicating someone uttering the quoted
words, use a comma. Examples include the words "says," "said,"
"states," "asks," and "yells."
oRule 3: Ending with that “quotation.” (There is no
punctuation if the word "that" comes just before the quotation,
as in "the narrator says that.")
oAnd remember that a semicolon (;) never is used to
introduce quotations.

10. Long Quotations
 For quotations that extend to more than four
lines of verse or prose, place quotations in a
free-standing block of text and omit quotation
marks. Start the quotation on a new line, with
the entire quote indented one inch (10
spaces) from the left margin; maintain double-
spacing. Only indent the first line of the
quotation by an additional quarter inch if you
are citing multiple paragraphs. Your
parenthetical citation should come after the
closing punctuation mark. When quoting
verse, maintain original line breaks. (You
should maintain double-spacing throughout
your essay.)

11. Nelly Dean treats Heathcliff poorly and dehumanizes
him throughout her narration:
They entirely refused to have it in bed with them, or
even in their room, and I had no more sense, so, I put
it on the landing of the stairs, hoping it would be gone
on the morrow. By chance, or else attracted by
hearing his voice, it crept to Mr. Earnshaw's door, and
there he found it on quitting his chamber. Inquiries
were made as to how it got there; I was obliged to
confess, and in recompense for my cowardice and
inhumanity was sent out of the house. (Bronte 78)
For example, when citing more
than four lines of prose, use the
following example:
Hanging indent
for long
quotation: 10
spaces
Period goes before
the parenthesis

12. Avoiding Grammatical Tangles
 When you incorporate quotations into
your writing, and especially when you
omit words from quotations, you run
the risk of creating ungrammatical
sentences. Three common errors you
should try to avoid are verb
incompatibility and ungrammatical
omissions.

13. Verb Incompatibility.
 When this error occurs, the verb form in the introductory
statement is grammatically incompatible with the verb form in
the quotation. When your quotation has a verb form that does
not fit in with your text, it is usually possible to use just part of
the quotation, thus avoiding verb incompatibility.
As this sentence illustrates, use the present tense when you refer to
events in a literary work.

14. Ungrammatical Omission.
 Sometimes omitting text from a quotation leaves you with an ungrammatical
sentence. Two ways of correcting the grammar are (1) adapting the
quotation (with brackets) so that its parts fit together grammatically and (2)
using only one part of the quotation.

15. Citing
Summarized
Material

16. Using Summarized
Material.
 Summarizing involves putting an idea into your own
words. Summaries are significantly shorter than an
original text. It is a good idea to summarize material
when you want to briefly discuss the main idea(s) of a
longer piece. Summarizing allows you to discuss
central points without reproducing multiple quotation
from a single source. Remember, it is necessary to
attribute summarized ideas to the original source; that
is, you must cite even summarized material.

17. MLA
Formatting:
Not a choice:
A way of life!
Watch the
video on the
website for
help.

18. The Works Cited
page

19. Alphabetical Order
Title Centered
Five
spaces

21. Writing Tips
 Write about literature in present tense
 Avoid using “thing,” “something,” “everything,”
and “anything.”
 Avoid writing in second person.
 Avoid using contractions.
 Cut Wordy Sentences
 Avoid run-on sentences and fragments.
 Check for misused words
 Put commas and periods inside of quotation
marks

22. Exam #1

23. Exam #1 100 points: Class 19
Class Presentations: 1-16
SHORT STORIES
• “Araby” Joyce
• “The Story of an Hour”
Chopin
• “A Very Old Man with
Enormous Wings” García
Márquez
• “The Bet Chekhov
POETRY
• “My Papa’s Waltz” Roethke
• “There’s a girl inside” Clifton
• “The Fish” Bishop
• “A Black Rook in Rainy
Weather” Plath
• “Memories of West Street and
Lepke” Lowell
• “To His Coy Mistress” Marvell
CRITICAL THEORIES
• New Criticism
• Feminist Criticism
• Psychoanalytic Criticism

24. Exam Review
1. Passage Identification: Work and Author
2. Identify the Writer
3. Character Identification
4. Terms: Fill in the blank
5. Theory Identification
6. Essay Question

25. Work and Author

26. Identify the writer
 This writer’s fiction did not attract
significant attention outside literary circles
until the publication of his masterpiece,
Cien años de soledad (1967; One Hundred
Years of Solitude, 1970).

27. Identify the character
 "Some distant lamp or lighted window
gleamed below me. I was thankful that I
could see so little. All my senses seemed
to desire to veil themselves and, feeling
that I was about to slip from them, I
pressed the palms of my hands together
until they trembled, murmuring: "O love! O
love!" many times."

28. Terms: Fill in the Blank

29. Identify the Theory

30. Short Essay
1. Explain New Criticism. You might consider the following:
What made New Criticism new? What is the critical focus
of New Criticism? What kinds of questions do New Critics
ask? How does it intersect with other critical theories?
2. Briefly explain one of the extrinsic theories. Use one poem
or short story to demonstrate your points.
3. Discuss the use of religious symbols in one of the works we
have read this quarter.
1. Discuss the role of setting in any one of the works we read
in this section

31. Homework
 Read Rita Hayworth
and the Shawshank
Redemption
 Remember, Exam #1 is
at our next meeting