This document provides information and examples about using pronouns like "me" and "myself" correctly, as well as "I" and "me" in sentences with multiple subjects. It also reviews strategies for integrating quotations and using time transitions and verb tenses to clearly convey sequence of events in narrative writing. Sample student work is discussed and editing tips are provided regarding introducing quotations, writing metaphors and similes, and formatting longer quotations according to MLA style.

1. EWRT 1A: Class 6

2. Me versus Myself
Me
• Me is an object pronoun, which
means that it refers to the
person that the action of a verb
is being done to, or to which a
preposition refers.
• They want me to study more.
• Tell me a story.
• Between you and me, he's right.
• Carol wants to meet with John
and me tomorrow.
• The book was written entirely by
me.
• Please call Hillary or me with
any questions.
Myself
• Myself is a reflexive or stressed
pronoun, which means that,
generally speaking, it should be
used in conjunction with the
subject pronoun I, not instead of
the object pronoun me.
• I bought myself a car.
• I myself started the company.
• I did the laundry by myself.
• I feel like myself again.
• Tired of waiting, I just did it
myself.

3. I versus Me
• John and me/I went to the store
• Me went to the store
• I went to the store
• John and I went to the store
• Maria went to the store with Chase and I/me.
• Maria went to the store with I
• Maria went to the store with me.
• Maria went to the store with Chase and me.

4. AGENDA
• Presentation: Essay #2 Review and questions
• Group Work/Discussion: Bragg: “Analyzing Writing
Strategies #1 p 36: Comparing
• In-Class Writing:
• Similes and Metaphors
• Time Transitions and Verb Tenses
• Integrating quotations MLA style
• Preparing the complete draft: SMG 52-53

5. ESSAY #2
Finishing it up!

6. Review
• Introduction/Long quotation
• Transition/Thesis
• Intro to event
• Description of places
• Description of people
• Climax (with sentence strategy)
• Dialogue (or 2)
• Significance
• Concluding strategy

7. You must introduce your quotation
• So, you have your long quotation, and you are all ready to
jump off of it to start your narrative portion of the essay.
There is a bit of a trick here, though. You can’t just begin
your essay with a quotation from the book. You have to
introduce it to the reader.
• There are a number of ways to do this. One way is to
briefly introduce the novel and the author. Another way is
to summarize the context of quotation before you present
it. Then after it, you can do a brief explanation of how it
connects to your own story. Or, you can use another
introduction, but you must have your own words before
you insert a quotation from the novel!
• Take a moment and write a brief introduction to your
quotation.

8. USING
FIGURES OF
SPEECH

9. Metaphor: a literary figure of speech that describes a subject by
asserting that it is, on some point of comparison, the same as
another otherwise unrelated object.
All the world’s a stage
Simile: a figure of speech that directly compares two different
things, usually by employing the words “like” or “as.”
I’ve been working like a dog

10. Bragg: “Analyzing Writing Strategies #1 p 36
• In your groups, review “Analyzing Writing
Strategies” #1.
• Locate the comparisons in paragraphs 1, 3,
7, 9, 13, and 16.
• Discuss the strength of metaphors and
similes and how you might use them in
your own writing.

11. • Formulate 5-7 metaphors or similes
appropriate to your essay.

12. A WELL-TOLD STORY
A Sentence Strategy:
Time Transitions and Verb Tenses

13. As you draft a remembered
event essay, you will be trying
to help readers follow the
sequence of actions in time.
To prevent readers from
becoming confused about the
chronology, writers use a
combination of time
transitions and verb tenses to
help readers understand
when the event occurred and
when particular actions
occurred in relation to other
actions.

14. Cite calendar or clock time to establish when the
event took place and to help readers follow the
action over time. Writers often situate the event in
terms of the date or time. Brandt, for example,
establishes in the opening paragraph that the event
occurred when she went to the mall for “a day of last-minute
Christmas sopping.” Early in her
essay, Dillard identifies when the event took place:
“On one weekday morning after Christmas . . .”
(par. 3). You can also use calendar time to
establish the time the event began; if your narrative
Covers several days, you might readers a series of time cues
throughout the essay so we can easily follow the progression:
“A year before his death”; “That August, I had turned 22”; and
so on.

15. Use temporal transitions combined with appropriate verb
tenses to help readers follow a sequence of actions.
Writers can employ temporal transitions such as after,
before, in the meantime, and simultaneously to help
readers keep track of the sequence of actions:
When I got back to the Snoopy
section, I took one look at the
lines. . . . (Brandt, par. 3)
In this example, when signals
that one action followed another
in time: Brandt did not take a
look at the lines until she got
back to the Snoopy section.

16. • Here’s another example of
a simple one-thing-and-then-
another time
progression:
• We all spread out, banged
together some regular
snowballs, took aim, and,
when the Buick drew nigh,
fired. (Dillard, par. 7)
In this example, the word
when together with a series of
simple past-tense verbs
indicates that a sequence of
actions took place in a
straightforward chronological
order: they took their
positions, made snowballs,
aimed, the Buick came near,
they threw their snowballs.

17. Look for a paragraph (or paragraphs) in your essay that tells a
part of the story that relies on order. Add temporal words to help
the reader understand when events happened.
After, afterward, before, then, once, next,
last, at last, at length, first, second, etc., at
first, formerly, rarely, usually, another, finally,
soon, meanwhile, at the same time, for a
minute, hour, day, etc., during the morning,
day, week, etc., most important, later,
ordinarily, to begin with, afterwards,
generally, in order to, subsequently,
previously, in the meantime, immediately,
eventually, concurrently, simultaneously

18. INTEGRATING QUOTATIONS
MLA STYLE
make sure you have integrated your quotations
correctly

19. According to the St. Martin's Guide, there are three
main ways to set up a signaling phrase:
1. With a complete sentence followed by a colon.
• The effects of Auld's prohibition against teaching Douglass to read were
quite profound for Douglass: "It was a new and special revelation" (29).
2. With an incomplete sentence, followed by a comma.
• Douglass argues that Auld's prohibition against literacy for him was a
profound experience, saying, "It was a new and special revelation" (29).
3. With a statement that ends in that.
• The importance of Auld's prohibition to Douglass is clear when he states
that "It was a new and special revelation" (29).

20. Using Signal Phrases:
• One common error a lot of people make when they include a
quotation is that they tend to put the quotation in a sentence
by itself. Unfortunately, we cannot do this. We need to use
what Diana Hacker calls a signal phrase to introduce the
quote and give our readers a context for the quote that
explains why we are taking the time to include it in our
paper.

21. Take, for example, this section from a student
paper:
Incorrect: Katniss doesn’t respond to Cinna’s statement, but she
agrees in her head. “He’s right, though. The whole rotten lot of
them is despicable” (65).
Correct: Katniss doesn’t respond to Cinna’s statement, but she
agrees in her head: “He’s right, though. The whole rotten lot of
them is despicable” (65).
Or
Correct: Katniss doesn’t respond to Cinna’s statement. However,
she thinks, “He’s right, though. The whole rotten lot of them is
despicable” (65).

22. Long quotations
• For quotations that are more than four lines of prose,
place quotations in a free-standing block of text and omit
quotation marks. Start the quotation on a new line, with
the entire quote indented one inch from the left margin;
maintain double-spacing. Only indent the first line of the
quotation by an additional quarter inch if you are citing
multiple paragraphs. Your parenthetical citation should
come after the closing punctuation mark. When quoting
verse, maintain original line breaks. (You should maintain
double-spacing throughout your essay.)

23. For example, when citing more than
four lines of prose, use the following
example:
The classroom was noisy as the MUN students filed in[. . .] Mr. Mustard
began in the middle of the program, and the room quieted down as we strained
to hear the narrator’s voice:
I look up at the buildings, these immense buildings They are so
enormous. And along the edges of each enormous building are
the nets. Because right at the time that I am making this visit,
there has been an epidemic of suicides at the Foxconn plant.
Week after week, worker after worker has been climbing all the
way up to the tops of these enormous buildings, and then
throwing themselves off, killing themselves in a brutal and public
manner, not thinking very much about just how bad this makes
Foxconn look. Foxconn's response to month after month of
suicides has been to put up these nets. (Mr. Daisey and the
Apple Factory)
Hanging
indent for
long
quotation: 10
spaces

24. When citing two or more paragraphs, use block quotation format, even if
the passage is fewer than four lines. Indent the first line of each quoted
paragraph an extra quarter inch.
Katniss thinks about how difficult it would be to get a meal like this in District 12:
What must it be like, I wonder, to live in a world where food
appears at the press of a button? How would I spend the hours I
now commit to combing the woods for sustenance if it were so easy
to come by? What do they do all day, these people in the Capitol,
besides decorating their bodies and waiting around for a new
shipment of tributes to roll in and die for their entertainment?
I look up and find Cinna’s eyes trained on mine. ‘How
despicable we must seem to you,’ he says. (65)
Indent 12.5
Indent 12.5
Katniss doesn’t respond to Cinna’s statement, but she agrees in her head:
“He’s right, though. The whole rotten lot of them is despicable” (65).
Although our world does not really…..

25. SMG52-53
Preparing
the
complete
draft

26. The Essay: The Beginning
• Do I have my quotation?
• Have I introduced my quotation?
• Have I explained it?
• Do I have a transition to my own story?
• Have I aroused readers’ curiosity?
• Can my readers identify with me? Should I tell them
a few things about myself?
• Should I do something unusual, such as beginning
in the middle of the action or with a funny bit of
dialogue?

27. The Story
• Should I follow strict chronological order? Or
would flashback or flashforward make the
narrative more interesting?
• Do I have narrative action and dialogue that
intensify the drama?
• Can I add description to detail or dramatize the
story?
• Do I have a climax that builds appropriately?

28. The Ending
• In my effort to conclude with some reflections on meaning,
have I tagged on a moral? Do I sound too sentimental?
• If I want readers to think well of me, should I conclude
with a philosophical statement, as Wolff does? Should I
end with a paradoxical statement like Dillard? Should I be
self-critical to avoid seeming smug?
• Have I emphasized the events continuing significance in
my life? Have I contrasted my remembered and current
feelings?
• Have I framed the essay by echoing back to my long
quotation? Do I give readers a sense of closure?

29. HOMEWORK
• Read: Catch up on HG (You should be through
chapter 12.
•Write: Complete Draft of Essay #2
• Endeavor to format it MLA style
• Make a works cited page for your essay.
• Blog Prompt #6: Post two dialogues from your
essay.
• Study: Vocabulary (1-7)
• Bring: Two clean, complete copies of your draft;
SMG