This document discusses ethical concerns in teaching students with autism. It provides definitions of autism from IDEA and of ethics. It then presents 5 scenarios involving students with autism and asks how a teacher should respond. The scenarios cover issues like explaining accommodations to peers, ensuring data accuracy, addressing sensory issues that may affect behavior, handling unauthorized parents in the classroom, and disagreeing with an IEP decision privately rather than in the meeting. The document aims to promote discussion of ethical teaching practices regarding students on the autism spectrum.
MISAPPLICATIONS· 1. A teacher in a special education classroom w.docxannandleola
MISAPPLICATIONS
· 1. A teacher in a special education classroom was working with a child with severe intellectual disability. The teacher was using small bites of food as reinforcers in a training program to help the child make correct letter discriminations. The teacher decided to arrange an establishing operation that would make food a more powerful reinforcer so that the child would be more likely to respond correctly in training sessions. Because training sessions were in the early afternoon, the teacher decided to keep the child from eating lunch at noon. The teacher reasoned that if the child did not eat lunch, food would be a more effective reinforcer in the afternoon. What is wrong with this antecedent control strategy? What would be a better antecedent control strategy to use in this case?
· 2. Milt wanted to start working out more often. He decided that the best way to get into a regular workout routine would be to join a health club. He joined a club that was a 30-minute drive away. Milt reasoned that once he paid the membership fee for a year, he would be more likely to drive there and work out at least a few times a week. And because he paid the fee for the full year, he believed that he would continue to work out at the club for the whole year. What is wrong with this strategy? What could Milt do to make it more likely that he would work out regularly?
· 3. Dr. Drake, a dentist, was concerned that many of her patients did not floss their teeth regularly and were therefore at risk for gum disease. Dr. Drake devised a plan to get her patients to floss every day. Every time patients came in for a 338339checkup or cleaning, Dr. Drake showed them awful pictures of people with gum disease and pictures of painful surgery that the people with gum disease had to endure because they did not floss regularly. Before the patients left the office, she told them that they could avoid the awful gum disease and the painful surgery by flossing their teeth for 2 minutes every day. What antecedent control strategy was Dr. Drake using to get her patients to floss their teeth? Why is this strategy, by itself, not enough to keep people flossing? What other strategies would you add to make it more likely that people would keep flossing their teeth regularly?
· 4. Sandy, a third grade student with learning problems, attended a special class. She usually engaged in disruptive behaviors in the classroom when required to complete math problems. The teacher conducted a functional assessment and found that the request to do math problems was the primary antecedent to the disruptive behavior. The teacher decided to use an antecedent manipulation and no longer asked Sandy to do math problems. The teacher reasoned that if Sandy was no longer asked to do math problems, the disruptive behavior would be less likely to occur. What is the problem with this procedure?
· 5. Phyllis and Fred, two medical students who lived together, had to study every day. They bot ...
Learn about the IEP (individual education plan) and common EC (exceptional children) acronyms. Learn strategies to deal with the hardest of students. Leave with usable materials and realistic methods to implement in any classroom. Focus will be on behavior and classroom management, the IEP and basic EC terms.
CHILD PSYCHOLOGYFall 2019Project OptionsProject Due Date AprJinElias52
CHILD PSYCHOLOGY
Fall 2019Project Options
Project Due Date: April 17, 2020
Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to give you experience with scientific observation along with gaining an in-depth knowledge of various aspects of childhood development. In addition, you will have the opportunity to hone your writing skills. Please approach these projects as a scientist - be objective, precise, and systematic in your observations and interpretations.
Instructions: To complete the entire assignment, you will be required to choose one project from each of the four sections outlined below. In other words, everyone will complete four small projects – one from each section. Please watch the Tegrity recording regarding the project. There is a forum in the Discussion Board for you to ask any questions you might still have.
Format: Each project should be at least two double-spacedpages in length with 1” margins. Two pages is a simply a minimum – it is fine to go over this guideline. I would rather you be thorough than stay within the two page guideline. You will need to provide background information from your text for each of the topics but be sure to use your own words!!For the “Special Topics” portion, you will need to use the textbook and another scholarly source as background information. Please use proper citations and quotations when appropriate. There is a handout under “Project” regarding APA format that will help you with this. In addition, you will need to reference both your text and the outside article in a reference list.
There are many ways to present your findings. One way that you might consider (and seems to work well) is to first provide background information regarding the particular type of development you are investigating, then describe your observations, and finally interpret them in terms of the theory or concept you are focusing on. Do not forget to define terms and concepts when providing background information. For example, do not assume that the reader (me) knows what depth perception is or anything about Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development. When reporting your observations, be sure to note which behaviors are an example of the term or concept.
Turning your project in: You will turn your project in two ways:
1) Electronically. There will be a Safe Assign location in Blackboard (look in the “Project” area). There is a draft option so you can check your paper before officially turning it into Safe Assign.
2) Hard copy. You will also need to turn in a hard copy of your paper at the final exam. Please do not put
the paper in a binder, folder, envelop, etc. (please just staple the pages together). A title page would be helpful. And please do not forget to put your name on it!
***Please note that failure to complete one or both of these steps will result in a zero for the project.
I. Foundations of Development
A. Perception and action are intimately related. Observe an infant or toddler ...
· Promotions· Flyers· Email· Social Media· Advertising· .docxalinainglis
· Promotions
· Flyers
· Email
· Social Media
· Advertising
· Giveaways
· Random chose for :
· Free food
· Free T-shirts
· Discount coupons
· Gift card
· credit for freedom card
information to help
Promotion
Promotion for each sport event at *name of the school * helps to increase attendance , but there are many different way to promote the attendance for example: distribute a flyers, send an email, posts in social media.
Distributing a flyers in and out side of the univerecity should be a clear and concise expression of the event. Also it should include a photos that represent the sports.
Sending a previous email to excitement the students about the games.
Posting in social media some photo about the games and what will be available to giveaway.
Giveaways
There is a joy in receiving free products, so giveaway leave a stronger impression over many and that can help to increase sport attendance.and there are many kind of products to giveaway like RMU caps, can opener, can cooler, key holder, and t-shirts all of these items helps to be remembered.In addition, choosing a random three winer or more in each game give a great impression and interest to come. The winer could win more things like coupons discount, cash, gift card, free food in the cafeteria, and credit for freedom card. All of these giveaways and gift help to increase sports attendance at RMU.
Running Head: MODULE 5 O.D.A.R.
MODULE 5 O.D.A.R. FIELD ASSIGNMENT 2
M. Brown
Module 5 O.D.A.R. Field Based
November 25, 2018
Observe
At a primary school at which I substitute I asked an English teacher if there was a project I could do with an individual or a group. Later in the day she told me there was a 4th grader named Daniel who had joined the school after the start of the year, and also joined a class where the teacher had a leave of absence. I was actually Daniel’s substitute teacher a few days, and I know more about substitute teaching now. I was unaware he was having problems. The teacher told me Daniel was seeing a speech therapist later in the week, but she would let me work with him to test one of the hypotheses they had about him. This was that he was unusually weak in phonics, which is the relation between sounds and letters. She gave me some books and pages of materials to look at. I came back the next day and was introduced to him in an empty classroom. We got a couple of chairs and sat at the corner of a table so that he was next to me but around the corner. Behind us was a row of windows which was nice because some of the classrooms had no windows. The sun was shining in. He seemed shy. He didn’t know me. He didn’t know why this was happening.
Describe
As I understood it, there was a feeling that Daniel had a weakness in understanding basic phonics to some degree or in some situations. They wanted me to spend part of an hour with him to see what I could find .
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
MISAPPLICATIONS· 1. A teacher in a special education classroom w.docxannandleola
MISAPPLICATIONS
· 1. A teacher in a special education classroom was working with a child with severe intellectual disability. The teacher was using small bites of food as reinforcers in a training program to help the child make correct letter discriminations. The teacher decided to arrange an establishing operation that would make food a more powerful reinforcer so that the child would be more likely to respond correctly in training sessions. Because training sessions were in the early afternoon, the teacher decided to keep the child from eating lunch at noon. The teacher reasoned that if the child did not eat lunch, food would be a more effective reinforcer in the afternoon. What is wrong with this antecedent control strategy? What would be a better antecedent control strategy to use in this case?
· 2. Milt wanted to start working out more often. He decided that the best way to get into a regular workout routine would be to join a health club. He joined a club that was a 30-minute drive away. Milt reasoned that once he paid the membership fee for a year, he would be more likely to drive there and work out at least a few times a week. And because he paid the fee for the full year, he believed that he would continue to work out at the club for the whole year. What is wrong with this strategy? What could Milt do to make it more likely that he would work out regularly?
· 3. Dr. Drake, a dentist, was concerned that many of her patients did not floss their teeth regularly and were therefore at risk for gum disease. Dr. Drake devised a plan to get her patients to floss every day. Every time patients came in for a 338339checkup or cleaning, Dr. Drake showed them awful pictures of people with gum disease and pictures of painful surgery that the people with gum disease had to endure because they did not floss regularly. Before the patients left the office, she told them that they could avoid the awful gum disease and the painful surgery by flossing their teeth for 2 minutes every day. What antecedent control strategy was Dr. Drake using to get her patients to floss their teeth? Why is this strategy, by itself, not enough to keep people flossing? What other strategies would you add to make it more likely that people would keep flossing their teeth regularly?
· 4. Sandy, a third grade student with learning problems, attended a special class. She usually engaged in disruptive behaviors in the classroom when required to complete math problems. The teacher conducted a functional assessment and found that the request to do math problems was the primary antecedent to the disruptive behavior. The teacher decided to use an antecedent manipulation and no longer asked Sandy to do math problems. The teacher reasoned that if Sandy was no longer asked to do math problems, the disruptive behavior would be less likely to occur. What is the problem with this procedure?
· 5. Phyllis and Fred, two medical students who lived together, had to study every day. They bot ...
Learn about the IEP (individual education plan) and common EC (exceptional children) acronyms. Learn strategies to deal with the hardest of students. Leave with usable materials and realistic methods to implement in any classroom. Focus will be on behavior and classroom management, the IEP and basic EC terms.
CHILD PSYCHOLOGYFall 2019Project OptionsProject Due Date AprJinElias52
CHILD PSYCHOLOGY
Fall 2019Project Options
Project Due Date: April 17, 2020
Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to give you experience with scientific observation along with gaining an in-depth knowledge of various aspects of childhood development. In addition, you will have the opportunity to hone your writing skills. Please approach these projects as a scientist - be objective, precise, and systematic in your observations and interpretations.
Instructions: To complete the entire assignment, you will be required to choose one project from each of the four sections outlined below. In other words, everyone will complete four small projects – one from each section. Please watch the Tegrity recording regarding the project. There is a forum in the Discussion Board for you to ask any questions you might still have.
Format: Each project should be at least two double-spacedpages in length with 1” margins. Two pages is a simply a minimum – it is fine to go over this guideline. I would rather you be thorough than stay within the two page guideline. You will need to provide background information from your text for each of the topics but be sure to use your own words!!For the “Special Topics” portion, you will need to use the textbook and another scholarly source as background information. Please use proper citations and quotations when appropriate. There is a handout under “Project” regarding APA format that will help you with this. In addition, you will need to reference both your text and the outside article in a reference list.
There are many ways to present your findings. One way that you might consider (and seems to work well) is to first provide background information regarding the particular type of development you are investigating, then describe your observations, and finally interpret them in terms of the theory or concept you are focusing on. Do not forget to define terms and concepts when providing background information. For example, do not assume that the reader (me) knows what depth perception is or anything about Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development. When reporting your observations, be sure to note which behaviors are an example of the term or concept.
Turning your project in: You will turn your project in two ways:
1) Electronically. There will be a Safe Assign location in Blackboard (look in the “Project” area). There is a draft option so you can check your paper before officially turning it into Safe Assign.
2) Hard copy. You will also need to turn in a hard copy of your paper at the final exam. Please do not put
the paper in a binder, folder, envelop, etc. (please just staple the pages together). A title page would be helpful. And please do not forget to put your name on it!
***Please note that failure to complete one or both of these steps will result in a zero for the project.
I. Foundations of Development
A. Perception and action are intimately related. Observe an infant or toddler ...
· Promotions· Flyers· Email· Social Media· Advertising· .docxalinainglis
· Promotions
· Flyers
· Email
· Social Media
· Advertising
· Giveaways
· Random chose for :
· Free food
· Free T-shirts
· Discount coupons
· Gift card
· credit for freedom card
information to help
Promotion
Promotion for each sport event at *name of the school * helps to increase attendance , but there are many different way to promote the attendance for example: distribute a flyers, send an email, posts in social media.
Distributing a flyers in and out side of the univerecity should be a clear and concise expression of the event. Also it should include a photos that represent the sports.
Sending a previous email to excitement the students about the games.
Posting in social media some photo about the games and what will be available to giveaway.
Giveaways
There is a joy in receiving free products, so giveaway leave a stronger impression over many and that can help to increase sport attendance.and there are many kind of products to giveaway like RMU caps, can opener, can cooler, key holder, and t-shirts all of these items helps to be remembered.In addition, choosing a random three winer or more in each game give a great impression and interest to come. The winer could win more things like coupons discount, cash, gift card, free food in the cafeteria, and credit for freedom card. All of these giveaways and gift help to increase sports attendance at RMU.
Running Head: MODULE 5 O.D.A.R.
MODULE 5 O.D.A.R. FIELD ASSIGNMENT 2
M. Brown
Module 5 O.D.A.R. Field Based
November 25, 2018
Observe
At a primary school at which I substitute I asked an English teacher if there was a project I could do with an individual or a group. Later in the day she told me there was a 4th grader named Daniel who had joined the school after the start of the year, and also joined a class where the teacher had a leave of absence. I was actually Daniel’s substitute teacher a few days, and I know more about substitute teaching now. I was unaware he was having problems. The teacher told me Daniel was seeing a speech therapist later in the week, but she would let me work with him to test one of the hypotheses they had about him. This was that he was unusually weak in phonics, which is the relation between sounds and letters. She gave me some books and pages of materials to look at. I came back the next day and was introduced to him in an empty classroom. We got a couple of chairs and sat at the corner of a table so that he was next to me but around the corner. Behind us was a row of windows which was nice because some of the classrooms had no windows. The sun was shining in. He seemed shy. He didn’t know me. He didn’t know why this was happening.
Describe
As I understood it, there was a feeling that Daniel had a weakness in understanding basic phonics to some degree or in some situations. They wanted me to spend part of an hour with him to see what I could find .
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2. Definition of Autism
(IDEA, 2004)
(i) Autism means a developmental disability significantly
affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and
social interaction, generally evident before age three,
that adversely affects a child's educational performance.
Other characteristics often associated with autism are
engagement in repetitive activities and stereotyped movements, resistance to
environmental change or change in daily routines, and unusual responses to
sensory experiences. (300.8[c][1][i])
3. Definition of Ethics
1 The discipline dealing with what is good and bad and with moral duty and
obligation
2 a: a set of moral principles : a theory or system of moral values. b: the principles of
conduct governing an individual or a group <professional ethics> c: a guiding
philosophy d: a consciousness of moral importance <forge a conservation ethic>
3 a set of moral issues or aspects (as rightness)
(Webster’s online dictionary)
5. Scenario #1
A student in your regular class asks, “Mr. Zee, what is wrong with Johnny, why
does he get to wear earphones when we are reading?”
What do you do?
a. Ignore the question
b. Tell him that all students learn in different ways and Johnny uses the
earphones to listen to the book as he reads it.
c. Go into detail about why Johnny uses earphones.
d. None of the above
6. Scenario #2
Today is Friday, and you are at your desk getting ready to analyze the data that you have
been collecting all day for Ben. As you look at the form, you realize that the dates don’t
match on your collection forms and the graphs. You don’t know exactly what Ben did on
each day for the last week.
What do you do?
a. Wait until Monday when Ben’s 1:1 comes in and ask if he
has the information you need in Ben’s binder.
b. Fill in the dates to the best of your knowledge.
c. Redo the graph with the correct information.
d. None of the above.
7. Scenario #3
A colleague asks you to come into her classroom to observe Kate because she is not
behaving as well as she used to. You go in and notice that the walls and chalkboard are
covered with posters and the lights are flickering. Kate’s 1:1 has to take her out of the
room.
What do you do?
a. Say your sorry, but will have to come back when Kate is there.
b. Ask her when she changed her room and
offer to help her change it back.
c. Tell her that you don’t see anything wrong.
d. None of the above.
8. Scenario #4
A student in the resource room has a Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) in
place but lost it one day. The very next day, a parent of another student comes into your
classroom, while instruction is going on, and asks if the book belongs to someone you
know. You tell her yes, and thank her for returning it. However, she does not leave, she
looks around and then sits down to watch.
What do you do?
a. Ask her politely to leave.
b. Call the office and have someone come down to get her out.
c. Ask her if she needs more assistance.
d. d. All of the above can apply.
9. Scenario #5
You are a resource room reading teacher and have just left an initial
IEP and placement meeting for a student. He has been diagnosed
with autism. Everyone in the meeting agreed that he would be
placed in the resource room for academics. The psychologist, who
services our school, said that this student needs structured
teaching along with (PECS). In your opinion, you disagree, but did
not say anything in the meeting.
Good afternoon everyone and welcome to my presentation. My name is Fran Olin, and I am a Special Education teacher here at Inarajan Middle School. As you can see, I am going to be talking about ethical concerns in the classroom. Specifically, concerns that affect students with Autism Spectrum Disorders or ASD. ASD is the umbrella that autism falls under and ranges from high functioning to severe. Before we get into the concerns, can anyone tell me the definition of autism? Pause for responses (if any). Let’s find out how the law defines it. Next slide.
Under IDEA 2004, autism is defined as a developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction, generally evident before age three, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance. Other characteristics often associated with autism are engagement in repetitive activities and stereotyped movements, resistance to environmental change or change in daily routines, and unusual responses to sensory experiences. You may be wondering why I have affecting verbal and nonverbal communication, social interaction, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance and repetitive activities and stereotyped movements, resistance to environmental change or change in daily routines, and unusual responses to sensory experiences bolded and some of those words underlined. They represent the student with an ASD, and are the key to each student. Remember, each student is different and may display these characteristics in one form or another. Now, you may be wondering where ethics falls into this. I am giving you copies of the CEC Code of Ethics for Educators of Children with Exceptionalities,CEC Ethical Principles for Special Education Professionals, Standards for Professional Practice Teaching and Assessment Special Education Professionals, andProfessionalColleagues (Distribute copies) I will give you a few minutes to read through them. Allow 4-5 minutes for teachers to read them. The CEC’s Code of Ethics for Educators of Children with Exceptionalities includes teachers of mainstreamed students. Ask, “Does anyone have any questions? Allow time for Q & A. What does ethics mean? Go to next slide.The Council for Exceptional Children. (1993). CEC Policy Manual, Section Three, part 2 (p. 4). Reston, VA: Author. Retrieved from http://www.cec.sped.org/Content/NavigationMenu/ProfessionalDevelopment/ProfessionalStandards/EthicsPracticeStandards/CEC_Code_of_Ethics_for_Educators_of_Persons_with_Exceptionalities.htmhttp://idea.ed.gov/explore/view/p/,root,regs,300,A,300%252E8,CEC Ethical Principles for Special Education Professionals. Retrieved fromhttp://www.cec.sped.org/Content/NavigationMenu/ProfessionalDevelopment/ProfessionalStandards/EthicsPracticeStandards/default.htmCEC Standards for Professional Practice Teaching and Assessment. Retrieved from http://www.cec.sped.org/Content/NavigationMenu/ProfessionalDevelopment/ProfessionalStandards/PracticeStandards/default.htm#Teaching_AssessmentCEC ProfessionalColleagues http://www.cec.sped.org/Content/NavigationMenu/ProfessionalDevelopment/ProfessionalStandards/PracticeStandards/default.htm#Professional_Colleagues
According to Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary, ethics is 1. The discipline dealing with what is good and bad and with moral duty and obligation. 2)[a] a set of moral principles – a theory or system of moral values. [b] the principles of conduct governing an individual or a group – professional ethics. [c] a guiding philosophy. [d] a consciousness of moral importance - forge a conservation ethic. And 3) a set of moral issues or aspects (as rightness. As teachers, either in special education or general ed., we all have guidelines to follow and when we don’t, then we are not providing the best education to our students. How can we be sure that we are doing what is “right” for our student with an ASD? (pause for responses). We can be sure by knowing the student, providing the necessary interventions with data collection, and using scientifically based practices (Hall, 2009, p. 57). Next slide.http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ethics?show=0&t=1351948424
We are going to be looking at some scenarios that you may encounter in your classroom. Remember, all of the scenario’s are about how to do the right thing when it involves a student with an ASD. On the table in front of you, there are two types of cards one with a/b, the other has c/d. Each of you should have one of each of those cards. This is what is going to happen. After I read the scenario, there will be four possible answers. I will ask you, “What do you do?”, give you time to get your card ready, and say “Ready, Go”. When I say go, I want you to hold up the card with the letter you chose facing me. Does everyone understand? (if someone doesn’t, go to next slide and demonstrate)
Scenario #1 - A student in your regular class asks, “Mr. Zee, what is wrong with Johnny, why does he get to wear earphones when we are reading? What do you do? a - Ignore the question, b - Tell him that all students learn in different ways and Johnny uses the earphones to listen to the book as he reads it, c - Go into detail about why Johnny uses earphones, d - None of the above. Everyone, choose your answer, and when I say “go” hold it up. Ready, “Go” If you chose b, you are right. You don’t want to ignore questions from your students and you don’t want to give them information about a student that they don’t need to know. This falls under the CEC Ethical Principles: Promoting meaningful and inclusive participation of individuals with exceptionalities in their schools and communities. (If I saw any one with d, I would ask them what they would doand why because they may have a better answer.) One way you could get avoid questions like this is to have a class discussion, at the beginning of the school year, about disabilities and how students learn. You could ask them how they like to do their work. Do they like to work in a quiet place, with music on, with a lot of activity going on around them. Tell them that everyone is different and learn in their own way. Does anyone have any questions? (respond to questions asked) Good questions. Everyone ready for the next scenario? OK! Next scenario.
Scenario #2 Today is Friday, and you are at your desk getting ready to analyze the data that you have been collecting all day for Ben. As you look at the form, you realize that the dates don’t match on your collection forms and the graphs. You don’t know exactly what Ben did on each day for the last week. What do you do? a.Wait until Monday when Ben’s 1:1 comes in and ask if he has the information you need in Ben’s binder. b.Fill in the dates to the best of your knowledge. c. Redo the graph with the correct information. d. None of the above. “Ready. Go”. Yes, the answer is “c”. You don’t want to wait for Ben’s 1;1 because he may not be in on Monday and you definitely don’t want to use false information. If you look at CEC Standards for Professional Practice, Teaching and Assessment, 1.3. Use periodic assessments to accurately measure the learning progress of individuals with exceptionalities, and individualize instruction variables in response to assessment results. If you wait on Ben’s 1;1, you still can’t be sure the information is right. So it’s better to just redo the graph so everything matches. One way you can prevent this from happening is to have your forms ready the day before you are going to use them. Write the date in pencil so if the student is absent, it can be easily erased. (If anyone chose “d”, ask why.) Ready for another one? Next slide.
Scenario #3 A colleague asks you to come into her classroom to observe Kate because she is not behaving as well as she used to. You go in and notice that the walls and chalkboard are covered with posters and the lights are flickering. Kate’s 1:1 has to take her out of the room. What do you do? a. Say your sorry, but will have to come back when Kate is there. b. Ask her when she changed her room and offer to help her change it back. c. Tell her that you don’t see anything wrong. d. None of the above. “Ready, Go” For those of you who showed “b” you’re right. Kate did not start having behavior problems until the classroom was changed. Most students with ASD’s are visual learners. When the environment waschanged to one that overloaded Kate's visual perception she responded by closing down. Her 1:1 had to remove her from the room. By keepingthe room free of visual distractions, students are able to function better. You can avoid this if you talk to someone first about changing the room, then you won’t have to change it back. When you go back to your classroom’s today or in the morning, take a look around, if students with ASD’sare in your room, is it conducive to their learning? (If anyone chose “d”, ask why.) Ready for another one? Next slide.
Scenario #4. A student in the resource room has a Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) in place but lost it one day. The very next day, a parent of another student comes into your classroom, while instruction is going on, and asks if the book belongs to someone you know. You tell her yes, and thank her for returning it. However, she does not leave, she looks around and then sits down to watch. What do you do? a. Ask her politely to leave. B. Call the office and have someone come down to get her. C. Ask her if she needs more assistance. d. All of the above can apply. “Ready, Go.”If you chose “d’ you would be right, because any could apply. You could ask her politely to leave, by saying “I’m sorry ma’am but if there isn’t anything else you need, I am in the middle of teaching, can you please leave? That takes care of a and b. If she won’t leave, then call the office. Visitor’s must sign in and are not allowed to move around the campus unescorted. This falls under safety, welfare and confidentiality of students. Before I go to the next slide, I want to explain it . A few years ago all middle schools moved to use Direct Instruction (DI) school wide. All of the teachers voted, and agreed that we should use it. For those of you who were not here at that time, there were teachers who thought is was a good idea, others a bad idea, and of course, those that didn’t care one way or another. As the DI Coordinator, I saw teachers who did not follow the script, skip lessons, and in one case fake the data she was collecting. When I went into classroom for observations, the principal or one of the assistant principals were with me and saw the same things I did. I was not provided any information of the outcomes of the meeting, other than the teachers in question were doing what they were supposed to be doing the next time we went in. On this next slide there is a scenario, but I am not going to ask you to answer it out loud. I want you to think about it. Next slide.
Scenario #5 You are a resource room reading teacher and have just left an initial IEP and placement meeting for a student. He has been diagnosed with autism. Everyone in the meeting agreed that he would be placed in the resource room for academics. The psychologist, who services our school, said that this student needs structured teaching along with Discrete Trial Teaching (DTT), and a Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS). In your opinion, you disagree with using the Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication handicapped CHildren (TEACCH) approach, but did not say anything in the meeting.I want everyone to look at your copy of the Code of Ethics for Educators. Can someone please read number one out loud.Pause while it is being read. Think about it. Can Someone read Number 4? Pause while it is being read. Think about it. And can someone read number 6. Thank you. With those three in mind, especially number 4. Ask yourself, What will I do?
Now I would like to open the floor for any questions, concerns, or comments you have. If you want to go back to any of the scenario Pause for responses. Remember to do the “Right” thing when it comes to providing the highest education for our students.