An ERP system integrates core business functions and processes through modular software. It includes modules like finance, HR, supply chain management etc. that organizations select based on their needs. Value chain analysis evaluates activities performed by a company to create value for customers. Porter's model divides activities into primary like procurement, operations, marketing etc. and support functions. Conducting value chain analysis helps identify sources of competitive advantage and improve material, information and financial flows within an organization like Tata Motors. An ERP project team typically includes executive sponsors, a project champion, project manager, core team and site teams to oversee the implementation.
Is the practice of predicting something that will happen or come to be in the future. It is not, however, like horoscope or tarot reading or other practices carried out by the likes of psychics. Forecasting relies on solid evidence to predict future events. It is used in a number of areas today, most commonly in the process of predicting the future weather and the imminent economic climate.
Is the practice of predicting something that will happen or come to be in the future. It is not, however, like horoscope or tarot reading or other practices carried out by the likes of psychics. Forecasting relies on solid evidence to predict future events. It is used in a number of areas today, most commonly in the process of predicting the future weather and the imminent economic climate.
Introdução à Gestão Financeira: terminologias, Gestão do Capital de Giro, Gestão de Investimentos, Gestão de Financiamentos. Princípios de Micro e Macroeconomia.
Apresentação de Automação de Escritório desenvolvido no curso Técnico em Secretariado na Etec Prof. Camargo Aranha sob os cuidados da Prof. Marinez Lucio Ros Soto
PLM Open Hours - Reifegrad-Modelle als Mittel zur Standortbestimmung im PLMIntelliact AG
Für die meisten Unternehmen stellt sich heutzutage nicht die Frage, ob PLM betrieben werden soll oder nicht. Globalisierte Märkte, kürzere Markteinführungszeiten sowie höhere Anforderungen an die Nachvollziehbarkeit von Produktständen machen PLM zu einem strategischen Erfolgsfaktor und dadurch ein Thema für das Top Management. Trotzdem gestaltet sich die Einführung von PLM in Organisationen oft schwierig, nicht zuletzt auch wegen fehlender Management-Unterstützung, mangelnder Bereitschaft für organisatorische Anpassungen sowie inexistenten Messgrössen für den Erfolg. Die Einführung eines Reifegradmodells stellt ein Werkzeug zur Verfügung, welches Unternehmen erlaubt, in Bezug auf Effektivität und Effizienz Massnahmen zu selektieren und umzusetzen.
Análise das demonstrações contábeis - Aula.pptxGracianeSilva9
Conteúdo - Analise das demonstações contábeis
Metodologia e processo
Analise horizontal e vertical
Analise por indices
Indices Liquidez
Indices Endividamento
Análise prazo médio
Prazo médio estoque
Prazo médio recebimento
Prazo médio pagamento
Análise de clico
Conceituar, expor e desenvolver ferramentas de Marketing de Serviços, relacionadas as Tendências Mercadológicas de forma a agregar conhecimento, senso Inovador e espírito empreendedor aos participantes da oficina.
In this presentation, we will discuss the importance and understanding of Training and Development of employees in an organization. Types of training and understanding the steps in conducting a training program are also presented here in this presentation.
To know more about Welingkar School’s Distance Learning Program and courses offered, visit:
http://www.welingkaronline.org/distance-learning/online-mba.html
ERP in logistics and supply chain management
Value chain analysis , understanding, ERP system in logistics, software as a service, supply chain solutions through erp
Introdução à Gestão Financeira: terminologias, Gestão do Capital de Giro, Gestão de Investimentos, Gestão de Financiamentos. Princípios de Micro e Macroeconomia.
Apresentação de Automação de Escritório desenvolvido no curso Técnico em Secretariado na Etec Prof. Camargo Aranha sob os cuidados da Prof. Marinez Lucio Ros Soto
PLM Open Hours - Reifegrad-Modelle als Mittel zur Standortbestimmung im PLMIntelliact AG
Für die meisten Unternehmen stellt sich heutzutage nicht die Frage, ob PLM betrieben werden soll oder nicht. Globalisierte Märkte, kürzere Markteinführungszeiten sowie höhere Anforderungen an die Nachvollziehbarkeit von Produktständen machen PLM zu einem strategischen Erfolgsfaktor und dadurch ein Thema für das Top Management. Trotzdem gestaltet sich die Einführung von PLM in Organisationen oft schwierig, nicht zuletzt auch wegen fehlender Management-Unterstützung, mangelnder Bereitschaft für organisatorische Anpassungen sowie inexistenten Messgrössen für den Erfolg. Die Einführung eines Reifegradmodells stellt ein Werkzeug zur Verfügung, welches Unternehmen erlaubt, in Bezug auf Effektivität und Effizienz Massnahmen zu selektieren und umzusetzen.
Análise das demonstrações contábeis - Aula.pptxGracianeSilva9
Conteúdo - Analise das demonstações contábeis
Metodologia e processo
Analise horizontal e vertical
Analise por indices
Indices Liquidez
Indices Endividamento
Análise prazo médio
Prazo médio estoque
Prazo médio recebimento
Prazo médio pagamento
Análise de clico
Conceituar, expor e desenvolver ferramentas de Marketing de Serviços, relacionadas as Tendências Mercadológicas de forma a agregar conhecimento, senso Inovador e espírito empreendedor aos participantes da oficina.
In this presentation, we will discuss the importance and understanding of Training and Development of employees in an organization. Types of training and understanding the steps in conducting a training program are also presented here in this presentation.
To know more about Welingkar School’s Distance Learning Program and courses offered, visit:
http://www.welingkaronline.org/distance-learning/online-mba.html
ERP in logistics and supply chain management
Value chain analysis , understanding, ERP system in logistics, software as a service, supply chain solutions through erp
Chapter 2Valuing InnovationsExplain why and how companies ar.docxchristinemaritza
Chapter 2
Valuing Innovations
Explain why and how companies are continually looking for innovative ways to use information systems for competitive advantage.
Business Models in the Digital World
Describe how information systems support business models used by companies operating in the digital world.
Enabling Organizational Strategy Through Information Systems
Discuss how information systems can be used for automation, organizational learning, and strategic advantage.
1
Introduction
In this chapter, we examine the strategic use of information systems, which enables organizations to gain or sustain competitive advantage.
This examination includes a look at the role of information systems in each of the levels of an organization, their role in international business strategies, and the on-going need to innovate using information systems.
1-2
Each age has enabled the age that followed.
The Agricultural age provided the time and resources necessary for people to stay in one location and invent machines.
Table of Contents
Organizational Decision-Making Levels
Operational Level
Managerial Level
Executive Level
Organizational Functional Areas
Competitive Advantage
ISs Providing Business Value
Pursuit of Competitive Advantage (organizational strategy types & sources of competitive advantage)
Competitive Forces
Value Chain Analysis
Choosing the Right IT & ISs
1-3
Organizational
Decision-Making Levels
Executive/Strategic Level
Upper Management
Managerial/Tactical Level
Middle Management
Operational Level
Operational Employees, Foremen, Supervisors
The Organizational Decision-Making Levels slides simply follow the chapter. They are included because they provide foundational knowledge for slides that follow.
Most businesses have three levels of management, with one or more layers of managers in each level.
The executive management includes top tier management focused on long-term strategic business decisions such as how to compete, price versus quality, and what countries to do business in.
Middle or tactical management is focused on running the organization to meet the strategic goals, and typically has a management timeframe of 3 to 12 months. Typical decisions might include where additional stores in existing markets should be opened.
Operational employees and management perform the day-to-day work of the organization, making decisions on a day-by-day basis.
A shift manager at a Wal-Mart would be Operational Management, while a Store manager at a Wal-Mart would be at the lowest level of Middle or Tactical Management.
4
Operational Level
Day-to-day business processes
Interactions with customers
Decisions:
structured,
recurring, and
Often automated using IS.
IS used to:
optimize processes, and
understand causes of performance problems.
1-5
Operational information systems primarily focus on process automation. This can include automating routine activities as well as automating and optimizing structured decisions (su ...
Q4 How Does Competitive Strategy Determine Value Chain Structu.docxamrit47
Q4 How Does Competitive Strategy Determine Value Chain Structure? 79
GearUp has chosen a low-cost strategy focused w i t h i n the sport ing goods
category, further focused w i t h i n the segment of buyers w h o are interested in special,
short-term sales. As the vignette at the start of this chapter indicates, i t needs to do
everything i t can to keep costs dovm.
How Does Competitive Strategy
Determine Value Chain Structure?
Organizations analyze the structure of their industry, and, using that analysis, they
formulate a competitive strategy. They then need to organize and structure the organ-
izat ion to i m p l e m e n t that strategy. If, for example, the competit ive strategy is to
be cost leader, like GearUp, then business activities need to be developed to provide
essential functions at the lowest possible cost.
A business that selects a dijferentiation strategy would not necessarily structure itself
around least-cost activities. Instead, such a business might choose to develop more costly
processes, but it would do so only if those processes provided benefits that outweighed
their costs. Porter defined value as the amount of money that a customer is wil l ing to
pay for a resource, product, or service. The difference between the value that an activity
generates and the cost of the activity is called the margin. A business w i t h a differentiation
strategy w i l l add cost to an activity only as long as the activity has a positive margin.
A value chain is a network of value-creating activities. That generic chain consists
of five primary activities and four support activities.
To understand the essence of the value chain, consider a small manufacturer—say, a
bicycle maker (see Figure 3-6). First, the manufacturer acquires raw materials using
the inbound logistics activity. This activity concerns the receiving and handling of raw
materials and other inputs. The accumulal ion of those materials adds value in the
sense that even a pile of unassembled parts is w o r t h something to some customer.
A collection of the parts needed to bui ld a bicycle is w o r t h more than an empty space
o n a shelf. The value is not only the parts themselves, but also the t ime required to
Bicycle Maker's Value Chain
Margin =
V a l u e - C o s t
Margin = ,
+ Value - C o s t y *
Margin =
Value - Cost
Margin =
Value - Cost
Margin =
V a l u e - C o s t
Manage Supplier
Relationships
(Procurement)
Investigate
New Designs
(Technology)
Hire & Support
Employees
(Human Resources)
/ T o t a l
/ Margin,
I Primary
X A c t l v i t i e s
Acquire
Bicycle
Parts
Produce Ship , K Market & , >v Service
Acquire
Bicycle
Parts Bicycle Bicycles ' 1> Sell Bicycles Customers
Manage Company
Resources
(Firm Infrastructure)
( Margin = ,̂ . ( Margin = \ / Margin = \ ( Margin = ^ Value-Cost / ^ ^ V a l u e - Costy' ^ VValue-CosW ^ VValue-Costy (Total Margin, Support Activities
Primary
Activity
S ...
The value chain as described by Porter (1985) can be grouped into :
Activities in the demand value chain
Supply value chain
and the support activities for demand and supply
The value chain as described by Porter (1985) can be grouped into :
Activities in the demand value chain
Supply value chain
and the support activities for demand and supply
Introduction to Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP )
Information System and Its Components, Value Chain Framework, Organizational Functional Units, Evolution of ERP Systems, Role of ERP in Organization, Three-Tier Architecture of ERP system
STUDY AND CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF PRODUCT & SERVICES AT AXIS BANK WITH EMPHASIS...Priyansh Kesarwani
STUDY AND CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF PRODUCT & SERVICES AT AXIS BANK WITH EMPHASIS ON DEPOSIT MIX
Research in any organization is an attempt to provide student a practical input & Exposure to the real world situation in which he has to work in future.
My Research Report on Axis Bank, was an attempt in this regard. The project work provided to me was Study on Critical Appraisal of product & Services at Axis Bank with Emphasis on Deposit Mix
Axis Bank is today one of the most competitive & profitable banking franchise in India as can be clearly depicted by the analysis of its portfolio of banking services. The bank has launched several for various categories of consumers to enhance its deposit mix. This project deals with this aspect especially with the saving account features.
The report has been prepaid and is presented under various heading as introduction, organization profile, research objective & scope of research project etc.
Impact of Advertisement on consumers of confectionery products with special r...Priyansh Kesarwani
Impact of Advertisement on consumers of confectionery products with special reference to Cadbury
Confectionery means sweet, and confectionery products are sweet food products. Products like biscuits, chocolates, wafers, noodles, sauces, health drinks, etc are confectionery products. Confectionery products are very much advertised so as to make customers know about it. Chocolate is a confectionery product (sweet food) which mostly every age group people prefers whether we talk about children, teenagers, adults or even old people, everyone likes chocolates. “It is basically a sweet that is made of the mass of cocoa beans and cocoa butter obtained by processing roasted cocoa beans and powdered sugar.” Advertisement of confectionery product like chocolates is very effective among the consumers. People get very much influenced by the Ads.
Advertisement plays an important role in the marketing of the products. Indian chocolate market is almost totally depended on purchases of kids. In recent times, the chocolate majors, Cadburys and Nestle took major initiatives to bring in grown-ups into this market. While Cadbury is trying to sell indulgence to adults, Kit Kat is selling ‘ritualistic’ break to teenagers/ young adults. This is reflected in the changing advertising patterns across different channels
Marketing strategies of premium products of coca cola cocacola summer interns...Priyansh Kesarwani
MARKETING STRATEGIES OF PREMIUM PRODUCTS OF COCA-COLA
The Project “Marketing Strategies of premium products of coca-cola” was designed on the lines of basic investment decisions to be taken by the senior officials of coca-cola for the purpose of amendments in the pre-existing distribution network in order to review and strengthen the routes. The findings of the project are very crucial for the increment of the market share of coca-cola in the Kanpur Beverage Market.
Though the process is an ongoing one the decisions have to be taken on a strong base, supported by facts and figures and that too on papers. This support can only be provided with the help of an extensive and thorough analysis of the market and the data collected thereof.
The objectives of the project were delivered to us express sly by the Marketing Development Co-ordinator who was the lead or the project head and we had to submit the day report to him along with the draft report. He was in charge of the project and gave guidelines and directions to approach the project.
The objectives of the project are:
• To understand and analyze the market in its raw and basic form.
• To gain an in-depth knowledge of the merchandising and processing activities of the Route Agents and understand the Beverage market.
• To undertake the comparative study of the various brands and flavor packs of all existing beverages or soft drinks market and the market share and growth potential of each brand individually.
• Comparative study of the various brands, packs, and flavors available in the market
• To ascertain the pricing strategy of premium products of coca-cola & its competitor.
• Assess the promotional measures in the context of the sales of COCA-COLA and focusing our study on the customer of the company i.e., the retailers.
• To study about the new product development of coca-cola premium products.
46
As obvious that any company is a concern with the increase in sales of its products, our project was in line with the companies‟ objectives and all steps incorporate in the project were directed to give an overview so as to attain its objectives.
Tvs motors summer internship report a study on customer satisfaction towards ...Priyansh Kesarwani
A study on Customer satisfaction towards TVS Motors in Kanpur City
Objective of the study:
• To know the customer satisfaction level towards services of TVS Motors.
• To know the problems presently faced by the customers at TVS Motors.
• To study the post-sales service performance.
• To know the new area of improvement.
Pritika metro summer internship report a study on job satisfaction at metro w...Priyansh Kesarwani
A Study on Job Satisfaction at Metro Wholesale DC53 in Lucknow City
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1. Assessing the level of job satisfaction at METRO WHOLESALE.
2. To bring out the opinion and suggestion of employees benefits at METRO WHOLESALE.
3. To identify the satisfaction factors of employees.
4. To identify the perception of employees and the factors causing dissatisfaction.
5. To be informed about the concern of job satisfaction of an organization in Lucknow.
6. To study the impact of job satisfaction on organizational performance and goal achievement.
Mukesh singh kotak life summer internship report a critical study on using di...Priyansh Kesarwani
A CRITICAL STUDY ON USING DIGITAL PLATFORM BY AGENTS OF INSURANCE COMPANIES IN KANPUR
Objectives -:
1. To evaluate the agent perception and expectation towards the digitalization of insurance.
2. To identify the adoption and agent engagement of digital platforms.
3. To evaluate the awareness and satisfaction towards KOTAK MAHINDRA INSURANCE.
This study will help to evaluate the present position of digital engagement of users in Insurance company services. The study eventually helps to identify the vital reason why agents moving towards digital platforms, in which way consumers will satisfied.
Abhinav singh axis bank summer internship customer service department at axis...Priyansh Kesarwani
Customer Service Department at Axis Bank and Digital Journey of Axis Bank
2. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF INTERNSHIP
While joining Axis Bank, I wanted to learn as much as possible. I knew that an internship is an opportunity to learn which helps us put the theories we learnt in the books into practice. It will help us build our career. It is the period when we will be able to groom ourselves and become ready to join the real world. During the internship period, I had planned to achieve the following goals:
• To learn about the overall function of different departments of Axis Bank (ABL) namely Customer Service Department (CSD), Credit Department and Operations in brief.
• To learn as much as possible from the members of the bank through good and friendly relationship.
• To learn about different products of the bank.
• To increase communication skills and interpersonal skills by communicating with the customers in the CSD.
• To increase the marketing skills by going for marketing with the seniors and selling the products.
• To increase the PR by knowing different people.
• To conduct a customer satisfaction survey related to the customers’ satisfaction in terms of different departments to which the customers are directly interacting.
• To find out what the customers’ attitude towards the service provided by the bank.
• To use the theoretical knowledge from the coursework to conduct survey and analyze the result.
• To learn more about what happens in the banking sector and compare it to the theoretical knowledge obtained in the lectures.
Comparative market analysis for sku system existing in retailers market for p...Priyansh Kesarwani
Comparative market analysis for SKU system existing in retailers market for Pepsi products
4.Objectives
• To study the existing SKU System and finding gaps in Pepsi products.
• To identify major competitors in different categories of soft drinks.
• To identify the potential retailers of Pepsi in the designated areas.
• To analysis the opportunity existing in the market and ways to attract the retailers for increasing sales.
How digital marketing creates user engagement , summer internship project rep...Priyansh Kesarwani
The objective of the project to create the user engagement in Xetlynx Autocorp for their promotion of automotive services through an app. During this we have to understand the customer needs, pricing constraints, response, awareness, emotions and beliefs regarding the services.
The project report was started on 17st of June after knowing all the relevant information regarding the project, under the guidance of Mr. Prabhat Kumar Dwivedi, Associate Professor, STEP-HBTI. The first part of my project involves the study of the automotive services of Xetlynx Autocorp for creating user engagement through an app and website. For this I used the internet as a primary source of information for study, also attend some days with Mrs. Sharmila Badesra (DOP, XETLYNX AUTOCORP) to understand the strategies of XETLYNX AUTOCORP.
Since the next part of my project was to develop the questionnaire. Hence, the detailed study provided me a rough idea in developing questionnaire and my corporate mentor guide me in finalizing the questionnaire. For this the questionnaire was prepared which gave the vague idea about the customers, who were really interested to tell about their views. Go through questionnaire in different location of the Jaipur region. The marketing research was undertaken for Jaipur region during one month. The sample size of the marketing research was taken to be 110. The questionnaire contains various aspects like their Personal Information, Choice Preferences, and Awareness etc. The final part of the project consists of 19 days of scanning the questionnaire.
Most important part is analyzing the information.
This report documents the work done during the summer internship at XETLYNX AUTOCORP, Jaipur under the supervision of Dr. Prabhat Kumar Dwivedi. The report first shall give an overview of the tasks completed during the period of internship with management details. Then the results obtained shall be discussed and analyzed.
Report shall also elaborate on the future works which can be persuaded as an advancement of the current work. I have tried my best to keep report simple yet technically correct. I hope I succeed in my attempt.
Objectives -:
1. To evaluate the customer’s perception and expectation towards the Automotive services.
2. To identify the factors influencing user engagement.
3. To identify what preferences respondents had for servicing their vehicle.
4. To evaluate the awareness and satisfaction towards XETLYNX AUTOCORP.
PRESENTATION ON ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING
The practice of consolidating an
enterprise’s planning, manufacturing, sales and marketing efforts into one management system.
Combines all databases across departments into a single database that can be accessed by all employees.
Bcg matrix presentation made by priyansh kesarwani
BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP (BCG) MATRIX is developed by BRUCE HENDERSON of the BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP IN THE EARLY 1970’s.
According to this technique, businesses or products are classified as low or high performers depending upon their market growth rate and relative market share.
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
Personal Brand Statement:
As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
Premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions for Modern BusinessesSynapseIndia
Stay ahead of the curve with our premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions. Our expert developers utilize MongoDB, Express.js, AngularJS, and Node.js to create modern and responsive web applications. Trust us for cutting-edge solutions that drive your business growth and success.
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RMD24 | Retail media: hoe zet je dit in als je geen AH of Unilever bent? Heid...BBPMedia1
Grote partijen zijn al een tijdje onderweg met retail media. Ondertussen worden in dit domein ook de kansen zichtbaar voor andere spelers in de markt. Maar met die kansen ontstaan ook vragen: Zelf retail media worden of erop adverteren? In welke fase van de funnel past het en hoe integreer je het in een mediaplan? Wat is nu precies het verschil met marketplaces en Programmatic ads? In dit half uur beslechten we de dilemma's en krijg je antwoorden op wanneer het voor jou tijd is om de volgende stap te zetten.
Affordable Stationery Printing Services in Jaipur | Navpack n PrintNavpack & Print
Looking for professional printing services in Jaipur? Navpack n Print offers high-quality and affordable stationery printing for all your business needs. Stand out with custom stationery designs and fast turnaround times. Contact us today for a quote!
Tata Group Dials Taiwan for Its Chipmaking Ambition in Gujarat’s DholeraAvirahi City Dholera
The Tata Group, a titan of Indian industry, is making waves with its advanced talks with Taiwanese chipmakers Powerchip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (PSMC) and UMC Group. The goal? Establishing a cutting-edge semiconductor fabrication unit (fab) in Dholera, Gujarat. This isn’t just any project; it’s a potential game changer for India’s chipmaking aspirations and a boon for investors seeking promising residential projects in dholera sir.
Visit : https://www.avirahi.com/blog/tata-group-dials-taiwan-for-its-chipmaking-ambition-in-gujarats-dholera/
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
Attending a job Interview for B1 and B2 Englsih learnersErika906060
It is a sample of an interview for a business english class for pre-intermediate and intermediate english students with emphasis on the speking ability.
Unveiling the Secrets How Does Generative AI Work.pdfSam H
At its core, generative artificial intelligence relies on the concept of generative models, which serve as engines that churn out entirely new data resembling their training data. It is like a sculptor who has studied so many forms found in nature and then uses this knowledge to create sculptures from his imagination that have never been seen before anywhere else. If taken to cyberspace, gans work almost the same way.
3.0 Project 2_ Developing My Brand Identity Kit.pptxtanyjahb
A personal brand exploration presentation summarizes an individual's unique qualities and goals, covering strengths, values, passions, and target audience. It helps individuals understand what makes them stand out, their desired image, and how they aim to achieve it.
LA HUG - Video Testimonials with Chynna Morgan - June 2024Lital Barkan
Have you ever heard that user-generated content or video testimonials can take your brand to the next level? We will explore how you can effectively use video testimonials to leverage and boost your sales, content strategy, and increase your CRM data.🤯
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3. How you can capture more CRM data to understand your audience better through video testimonials. 📊
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
Skye Residences | Extended Stay Residences Near Toronto Airportmarketingjdass
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2. ERP SYSTEM:
ERP, or enterprise resource planning, is a modular
software system designed to integrate the main
functional areas of an organization's business processes
into a unified system.
An ERP system includes core software components,
often called modules, that focus on essential business
areas, such as finance and accounting, HR, production
and materials management, customer relationship
management (CRM) and supply chain management.
Organizations choose which core modules to use based
on which are most important to their particular business.
3. Every organization, whether supplying goods or services, has
a value chain i.e. the collection of activities that are performed by a
company to
create value for its customers. Porter’s Value Chain Analysis dissects
the organization’s activities into a generic value chain and highlights the
key tenets of Value Creation in the Value Chain. what effect this has on
costs and profit.
Every organization, whether supplying goods or services, has a value
chain i.e. the collection of activities that are performed by a company to
create value for its customers. Porter’s Value Chain Analysis dissects
the organization’s activities into a generic value chain and highlights the
key tenets of Value Creation in the Value Chain. what effect this has on
costs and profit.
4. Enterprise ERP Trends
The ERP field can be slow to change, but the last couple of years have
unleashed new technology trends which are fundamentally shifting
the entire area. The following new and continuing computing trends
have an impact on the growth of enterprise ERP software:
Mobile ERP
Executives and employees want real-time access to information,
regardless of where they are. It is expected that businesses will
embrace mobile ERP for the reports, dashboards and to conduct
key business processes.
Cloud ERP
The cloud has been advancing steadily into the enterprise for some
time, but many ERP users have been reluctant to place data in the
cloud. Those reservations have gradually been evaporating,
however, as the advantages of the cloud become apparent.
5. Social ERP
There has been much hype around social media and
how important —or not — it is to add to ERP systems.
Certainly, vendors have been quick to seize the initiative,
adding social media packages to their ERP systems with
much fanfare. But some wonder if there is really much
gain to be had by integrating social media with ERP.
Two-tier ERP
Enterprises once attempted to build an all-encompassing
ERP system to take care of every aspect of
organizational systems. But some expensive failures
have gradually brought about a change in strategy –
adopting two tiers of ERP.
7. A value chain is a business model that describes the full range of
activities needed to create a product or service. For companies that
produce goods, a value chain comprises the steps that involve
bringing a product from conception to distribution, and everything in
between—such as procuring raw materials, manufacturing functions,
and marketing activities.
A company conducts a value-chain analysis by evaluating the
detailed procedures involved in each step of its business. The
purpose of value-chain analyses is to increase production efficiency
so that a company may deliver maximum value for the least possible
cost.
A value chain can help a company to discern areas of its business
that are inefficient, then implement strategies that will optimize its
procedures for maximum efficiency and profitability.
8. Porter’s value chain
The term value chain was used by Michael
Porter (1985)
Organisations are more than the random
compilation of resources but an arrangement of
the resources into systems and activities that
result in products which customers are willing to
pay for
Management of these activities and their
linkages give an organisation competitive
advantage
10. Primary activities
Distinguishes between primary and support
activities
Primary activities are directly concerned with the
creation or delivery of the product or service
Can be grouped into five main areas:
Inbound logistics
Operations
Outbound logistics
Marketing and sales
service
11. PRIMARY ACTIVITIES:
Inbound Logistics
Inbound logistics include the receiving, warehousing and inventory
control of a company's raw materials. This also covers all
relationships with suppliers. For example, for an e-commerce
company, inbound logistics would be the receiving and storing
products from a manufacturer that it plans to sell.
Operations
Operations include procedures for converting raw materials into a
finished product or service. This includes changing all inputs to
ready them as outputs. In the above e-commerce example, this
would include adding labels or branding or packaging several
products as a bundle to add value to the product.
Outbound Logistics
All activities to distribute a final product to a consumer is considered
outbound logistics. This includes delivery of the product but also
includes storage and distribution systems and can be external or
internal.
12. SECONDARY ACTIVITIES
Procurement
Procurement is the acquisition of inputs, or resources, for the firm.
This is how a company obtains raw materials, thus, it includes
finding and negotiating prices with suppliers and vendors. This
relates heavily to the inbound logistics primary activity, where an e-
commerce company would look to procure materials or good for
resale.
Human Resource Management
Hiring and retaining employees who will fulfill business strategy, as
well as help design, market, and sell the product. Overall, managing
employees is useful for all primary activities, where employees and
effective hiring are needed for marketing, logistics, and operations,
among others.
13. Infrastructure
Infrastructure covers a company's support systems and
the functions that allow it to maintain operations. This
includes all accounting, legal, and administrative
functions. A solid infrastructure is necessary for all
primary functions.
Technological Development
Technological development is used during research and
development and can include designing and developing
manufacturing techniques and automating processes.
14. Supporting activities
Each of the primary activities is linked to
support activities which help to improve their
effectiveness or efficiency
The four support activities are:
Procurement
technology development (including R&D)
Human resource management
Infrastructure ( systems for planning, finance,
quality, information management etc)
15. Margin
Implies that organizations realize profits margins
that depend on their ability to manage linkages
between all activities in a value chain
An organisation is able to deliver a product or
service for which the customer is willing to pay
more than the sum of the costs of all activities
Linkages: flows of information, goods and
services, as well as systems and processes for
adjusting activities
16.
17. Tata Motors Ltd Value Chain Analysis
Advantages of conducting Value Chain Analysis of Tata Motors Ltd
Value Chain Analysis of Tata Motors Ltd can offer various
advantages:
1.Identify competitive advantage sources:
By conducting the Value Chain Analysis of Tata Motors Ltd during
the planning process, possible sources of competitive advantage
can be identified. The firm/company is a collection of different
activities that share relatedness to some extent. Tata Motors Ltd
cannot trade all activities in the external market. The Value Chain
approach suggests that a company can consider these activities as
economic rent sources. These activities can also act as barriers to
new entrants or cause cost disadvantages to competitors.
2. Identify complex inter-relationships and interdependencies :Tata Motors Ltd can
identify various internal and external linkages among activities
through the value chain lens.
18. 3. Improved flow of materials, information and finances:
The use of Value Chain Analysis can optimise the finances, products
and information flow. The improved information flow can help the
company identify and exploit new opportunities and reduce external
threats. The continuous Value Chain evaluation can result in timely
filling important gaps that may affect a firm's productivity.
.4 Marketing and Sales:examples of Tata Motors Ltd's marketing and sales
activities are- sales force, advertising, promotional activities, pricing,
channel selection, quoting and building relations with channel
members. The company can use the marketing funnel approach to
structure its marketing and sales activities. The marketing strategies
can either be push or pull in nature, depending on the Tata Motors
Ltd’s business objectives, brand image, competitive dynamics and
current standing in the market.
21. Executive Sponsors:
Representing the Executive level decision making body, the
Executive Sponsors are the highest level in the organizational chain.
Executive Sponsors receive periodic updates from the ERP Project
Manager (PM) and the Project Champion.At times, they may also
receive updates from Core Team members. Tracking the progress
of the project at a milestone level, the Executive Sponsors need to
be informed of identified risks and accompanying action plans.
Corporate level decisions or issues should be handled by these
sponsors.
Project Champion:The role of Project Champion is identified as an
element of the overall Project Approach because of the nature of the
role and its significance to the project. The Champion will participate
in the project from beginning to end.At the end of the project
lifecycle, the Champion will be the most knowledgeable person
about the project and its processes within the company, other than
perhaps the Project Manager.
22. Project Manager:This is a key role, as the success of the implementation
depends on a good Project Manager. Consequently, it is important
that the customer appoints one of their best people to fulfill the role
and ensure they have the time available to devote to the
implementation.This might require a temporary re-allocation of some
of the person’s existing responsibilities. It is possible for the roles of
Project Manager and Project Champion to be filled by one
individual.
Core Team:The core team has tactical responsibility for the project.
Members of the team deal with the project on a daily basis. Each
team member represents a primary discipline within the company.
They “own” the responsibility for their discipline throughout the
project.
Site Teams:Combined with the Core Team, the site team makes up the
remainder of the full Project Team at each site. Typically, a site team
exists at each location, including corporate.
23. IT Staff:This is not just an IT project. But your IT staff are important to
the project. The software you chose has hardware and network
requirements to keep it running at its best. If you need to purchase
anything, get it early in the project so it is tested along with your
processes.
24. Recap….
Businesses exist to create value, and value
created is often seen by the profits that a
supply chain makes
The concept of value creation is discussed by
Porter.
The development chain shows that product
chain decisions do have an effect on supply
chains and vice versa….
ERP project team description.