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EQUILIBRIUM
AMIT SINGH
X2102-B74
Definition of Equilibrium
Equilibrium is the condition of a system
when neither its state of motion nor its
internal energy state tends to change
with time.
Definition of Equilibrium
A simple mechanical body is said to be in
equilibrium if it experiences neither linear
acceleration nor angular acceleration; unless
it is disturbed by an outside force, it will
continue in that condition indefinitely. For a
single particle, equilibrium arises if the
vector sum of all forces acting upon the
particle is zero.
Terms associated with Equilibrium
•A Force is a push or a pull.
•Net Force is the combination of all forces acting on
an object.
•Tension is the stretching force (springs, rubber
bands, etc.) The stretched spring is under the
"stretching force” called tension.
•Support force is the upward force that acts opposite
the force of gravity.
•Weight is force of gravity pulling on the mass of an
object.
•Vector is an arrow that represents the magnitude and
direction of a quantity.
Applications of Equilibrium
•Luggage compartment of tour bus is located at
the bottom of the bus and not at the roof.
•Passengers are not allowed to travel while
standing on the upper part of the double decker
bus.
•Seesaw
•Tug of war
•Paddling the boat
•Support in oil ring
Factors affecting Equilibrium
•Temperature
•Pressure
•Concentration
Types of Equilibrium
Stable Equilibrium
A body is said to be in stable equilibrium if it
tends to return to its original position when
slightly displaced.
Types of Equilibrium
Examples are:
a) a cone resting on its base;
b) a racing car with low
centre of gravity and wide
base;
c) a ball or a sphere in the
middle of a bowl.
Types of Equilibrium
Unstable Equilibrium
A body is said to be in an unstable
equilibrium if when slightly displaced, it
tends to move further away from its original
position.
Types of Equilibrium
Examples are:
a) a cone or an egg resting on
its apex or pointed end;
b) a ball or a sphere resting
on an inverted bowl;
c) a tight-rope walker.
Types of Equilibrium
Neutral Equilibrium
A body is said to be in neutral equilibrium if
when slightly displaced, it tends to come to
rest in its new position.
Types of Equilibrium
Examples are:
a) a cone or cylinder or an egg
resting on its side;
b) a ball or a sphere on a
smooth horizontal table.
Laws of Equilibrium
Newton’s First Law
An object at rest or an object
in motion at constant speed
will remain at rest or at
constant speed in the absence
of a resultant force.
Laws of Equilibrium
Transitional Equilibrium
An object is said to be in
Translational Equilibrium if and
only if there is no resultant
force. This means that the sum
of all acting forces is zero.
Laws of Equilibrium
Rotational Equilibrium
A body is said to be in
rotational equilibrium when
the sum of torque is zero.
The object in rotational
equilibrium will rotate with
angular velocity which could
be zero.
THANKYOU…

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equilibriumandlevers-170513135319 (1).pptx

  • 2. Definition of Equilibrium Equilibrium is the condition of a system when neither its state of motion nor its internal energy state tends to change with time.
  • 3. Definition of Equilibrium A simple mechanical body is said to be in equilibrium if it experiences neither linear acceleration nor angular acceleration; unless it is disturbed by an outside force, it will continue in that condition indefinitely. For a single particle, equilibrium arises if the vector sum of all forces acting upon the particle is zero.
  • 4. Terms associated with Equilibrium •A Force is a push or a pull. •Net Force is the combination of all forces acting on an object. •Tension is the stretching force (springs, rubber bands, etc.) The stretched spring is under the "stretching force” called tension. •Support force is the upward force that acts opposite the force of gravity. •Weight is force of gravity pulling on the mass of an object. •Vector is an arrow that represents the magnitude and direction of a quantity.
  • 5. Applications of Equilibrium •Luggage compartment of tour bus is located at the bottom of the bus and not at the roof. •Passengers are not allowed to travel while standing on the upper part of the double decker bus. •Seesaw •Tug of war •Paddling the boat •Support in oil ring
  • 7. Types of Equilibrium Stable Equilibrium A body is said to be in stable equilibrium if it tends to return to its original position when slightly displaced.
  • 8. Types of Equilibrium Examples are: a) a cone resting on its base; b) a racing car with low centre of gravity and wide base; c) a ball or a sphere in the middle of a bowl.
  • 9. Types of Equilibrium Unstable Equilibrium A body is said to be in an unstable equilibrium if when slightly displaced, it tends to move further away from its original position.
  • 10. Types of Equilibrium Examples are: a) a cone or an egg resting on its apex or pointed end; b) a ball or a sphere resting on an inverted bowl; c) a tight-rope walker.
  • 11. Types of Equilibrium Neutral Equilibrium A body is said to be in neutral equilibrium if when slightly displaced, it tends to come to rest in its new position.
  • 12. Types of Equilibrium Examples are: a) a cone or cylinder or an egg resting on its side; b) a ball or a sphere on a smooth horizontal table.
  • 13. Laws of Equilibrium Newton’s First Law An object at rest or an object in motion at constant speed will remain at rest or at constant speed in the absence of a resultant force.
  • 14. Laws of Equilibrium Transitional Equilibrium An object is said to be in Translational Equilibrium if and only if there is no resultant force. This means that the sum of all acting forces is zero.
  • 15. Laws of Equilibrium Rotational Equilibrium A body is said to be in rotational equilibrium when the sum of torque is zero. The object in rotational equilibrium will rotate with angular velocity which could be zero.