This document summarizes the history and objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). It discusses three phases in the development of international agreements related to biodiversity: a sectoral approach in the 1970s, a generic approach in the 1990s, and increased science-policy interaction starting in 2000. The CBD was adopted in 1992 as one of the Rio Conventions, with the objectives of conserving biological diversity, sustainably using its components, and sharing benefits from genetic resources. The document outlines CBD strategic plans and looks ahead to the post-2020 framework to be decided at COP15. It also discusses challenges like the "responsibility dilemma" and mobilizing support for the CBD's goals.
HISTORICAL CONCEPT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAW IN INDIA AND THE WORLD, ROLES OF MoEF, CPCB AND SPCB and 5 IMPORTANT POINTS ON AIR, WATER AND LAND POLLUTION FROM INDIAN ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS
This document provides an overview of several key international environmental laws and conventions, including:
- The Ramsar Convention, which provides a framework for wetland conservation. Pakistan has designated 19 Ramsar sites.
- The Convention on Migratory Species, which aims to conserve terrestrial, marine and avian migratory species. Pakistan is a signatory.
- The World Heritage Convention, which protects cultural and natural heritage sites. Pakistan sites include Moenjodaro and Lahore monuments.
- The UNFCCC and its role in stabilizing greenhouse gases. Pakistan has implemented climate policies and plans.
- CITES, which regulates trade in endangered species. Its recent COP19 meeting strengthened protections.
The document summarizes several key international environmental agreements and conventions. It discusses the Ramsar Convention which protects wetlands, the Bonn Convention on migratory species, the World Heritage Convention which protects cultural and natural sites, the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, CITES which regulates wildlife trade, the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, the Basel Convention on hazardous waste, the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Montreal Protocol on ozone depleting substances, the Kyoto Protocol on greenhouse gas emissions, and the Paris Agreement. The conventions establish frameworks and principles of international cooperation to address various environmental issues.
International conventions for the protection of environmentMariam Rafiq Malik
The document summarizes several key international conventions and agreements related to environmental protection, including the Vienna Convention, Montreal Protocol, Rio Conference, Kyoto Protocol, and Paris Agreement. It also discusses Pakistan's participation in these conventions, noting times they were ratified or accepted. The overall purpose is to protect the ozone layer and address climate change through coordinated global cooperation.
- The document summarizes various important treaties and organizations related to environment conservation. It discusses Ramsar Convention on wetland conservation, UNEP's role in developing guidelines on issues like trade in chemicals and transboundary pollution. It also outlines conventions like CITES for wildlife trade, Stockholm for persistent pollutants, and Minamata for mercury regulation. Various Indian sites under programs on agricultural heritage, wetlands, and protected areas are also mentioned.
The document discusses several global environmental conventions aimed at protecting the environment and promoting sustainable development. It describes conventions related to wetlands (Ramsar, 1971), the environment (Stockholm, 1972), wildlife trade (CITES, 1973), ozone depletion (Vienna, 1985), hazardous waste (Basel, 1989), biodiversity (1992), climate change (UNFCCC, 1992), and persistent organic pollutants (Stockholm, 2001). The conventions establish frameworks for international cooperation, legally binding agreements, and protocols to address pressing environmental issues.
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is an international legally binding treaty adopted in 1992. It aims to promote the conservation of biodiversity, sustainable use of biodiversity, and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources. The CBD recognizes that states have sovereign rights over their natural resources, and aims to ensure these resources are used in a sustainable manner. It also promotes cooperation between countries in biodiversity conservation. The CBD has near universal membership, with 196 parties that have agreed to its objectives.
This document summarizes the history and objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). It discusses three phases in the development of international agreements related to biodiversity: a sectoral approach in the 1970s, a generic approach in the 1990s, and increased science-policy interaction starting in 2000. The CBD was adopted in 1992 as one of the Rio Conventions, with the objectives of conserving biological diversity, sustainably using its components, and sharing benefits from genetic resources. The document outlines CBD strategic plans and looks ahead to the post-2020 framework to be decided at COP15. It also discusses challenges like the "responsibility dilemma" and mobilizing support for the CBD's goals.
HISTORICAL CONCEPT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAW IN INDIA AND THE WORLD, ROLES OF MoEF, CPCB AND SPCB and 5 IMPORTANT POINTS ON AIR, WATER AND LAND POLLUTION FROM INDIAN ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS
This document provides an overview of several key international environmental laws and conventions, including:
- The Ramsar Convention, which provides a framework for wetland conservation. Pakistan has designated 19 Ramsar sites.
- The Convention on Migratory Species, which aims to conserve terrestrial, marine and avian migratory species. Pakistan is a signatory.
- The World Heritage Convention, which protects cultural and natural heritage sites. Pakistan sites include Moenjodaro and Lahore monuments.
- The UNFCCC and its role in stabilizing greenhouse gases. Pakistan has implemented climate policies and plans.
- CITES, which regulates trade in endangered species. Its recent COP19 meeting strengthened protections.
The document summarizes several key international environmental agreements and conventions. It discusses the Ramsar Convention which protects wetlands, the Bonn Convention on migratory species, the World Heritage Convention which protects cultural and natural sites, the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, CITES which regulates wildlife trade, the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, the Basel Convention on hazardous waste, the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Montreal Protocol on ozone depleting substances, the Kyoto Protocol on greenhouse gas emissions, and the Paris Agreement. The conventions establish frameworks and principles of international cooperation to address various environmental issues.
International conventions for the protection of environmentMariam Rafiq Malik
The document summarizes several key international conventions and agreements related to environmental protection, including the Vienna Convention, Montreal Protocol, Rio Conference, Kyoto Protocol, and Paris Agreement. It also discusses Pakistan's participation in these conventions, noting times they were ratified or accepted. The overall purpose is to protect the ozone layer and address climate change through coordinated global cooperation.
- The document summarizes various important treaties and organizations related to environment conservation. It discusses Ramsar Convention on wetland conservation, UNEP's role in developing guidelines on issues like trade in chemicals and transboundary pollution. It also outlines conventions like CITES for wildlife trade, Stockholm for persistent pollutants, and Minamata for mercury regulation. Various Indian sites under programs on agricultural heritage, wetlands, and protected areas are also mentioned.
The document discusses several global environmental conventions aimed at protecting the environment and promoting sustainable development. It describes conventions related to wetlands (Ramsar, 1971), the environment (Stockholm, 1972), wildlife trade (CITES, 1973), ozone depletion (Vienna, 1985), hazardous waste (Basel, 1989), biodiversity (1992), climate change (UNFCCC, 1992), and persistent organic pollutants (Stockholm, 2001). The conventions establish frameworks for international cooperation, legally binding agreements, and protocols to address pressing environmental issues.
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is an international legally binding treaty adopted in 1992. It aims to promote the conservation of biodiversity, sustainable use of biodiversity, and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources. The CBD recognizes that states have sovereign rights over their natural resources, and aims to ensure these resources are used in a sustainable manner. It also promotes cooperation between countries in biodiversity conservation. The CBD has near universal membership, with 196 parties that have agreed to its objectives.
The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is the leading global environmental authority within the UN system. It sets the global environmental agenda and promotes sustainable development. UNEP is headquartered in Nairobi, Kenya and works to provide nations and people with leadership and partnerships to improve environmental quality of life for current and future generations. It coordinates UN environmental activities, assists developing countries with sustainable policies, and oversees secretariats for important multilateral agreements related to issues like climate change, biodiversity, and hazardous chemicals.
Global environmental problems have surfaced in recent years in the midst of a general upgrading of economic standards in advanced countries. This has been paralleled by rapid growth of poverty, population, and urbanization in less developed countries, and resulted in broadening mutually dependent international relationships. International efforts concerning environmental conservation relate to global warming, protection of the ozone layer, acid deposition, forests, wildlife, marine environment, desertification, and pollution problems in developing countries.
The document provides an overview of key principles and agreements in international environmental law. It discusses:
1. The fundamental principles of international environmental law, which include state sovereignty, cooperation, sustainable development, and the precautionary principle.
2. Major multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) related to biodiversity conservation, pollution prevention, climate change, and desertification.
3. Important international declarations establishing principles of environmental protection, including the Stockholm Declaration, Rio Declaration, and Johannesburg Declaration.
4. The objectives and measures of key agreements like the Convention on Biological Diversity and UN Framework Convention on Climate Change to promote conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.
The document provides information about the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). It discusses that CBD is an international treaty with the goals of conservation, sustainable use, and fair and equitable sharing of genetic resources. CBD has 196 parties and aims to achieve the Aichi Biodiversity Targets. The Conference of Parties (COP) is CBD's governing body that meets every two years to review progress. CBD also has two protocols on biosafety and access to genetic resources. Sustainable use of biodiversity and fair benefit sharing from genetic resources are important principles of CBD.
1) The document discusses sustainable wildlife management and provides context around key terms and challenges. It questions who and what species are included under "wildlife" and "management" versus "governance."
2) Three main points are highlighted: the history of wildlife management in the CBD, focusing on new challenges; the current context of discussions around living in harmony with nature; and current issues within the CBD framework, including sustainable use, equitable benefit-sharing, and governance.
3) Key messages are provided on transforming food systems, increasing financing for conservation and equity, avoiding false solutions, and ensuring inclusive biodiversity governance that participates local communities and indigenous peoples. Guidance on wildlife management will be discussed at SBST
1. The document discusses sustainable wildlife management in the context of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). It questions terms like "sustainable," "wildlife," and "management" and takes an interdisciplinary social science perspective.
2. Three main points are highlighted. First, wildlife management is an old topic facing new challenges like climate change. Approaches have shifted from species protection to habitat co-management. Second, discussions now focus on "living in harmony with nature" and addressing issues like equitable benefit-sharing and illegal trade. Third, the CBD's three pillars - conservation, sustainable use, and benefit-sharing - present challenges in implementation.
3. Key messages are that transforming food systems is essential
The document provides information on the global legal framework that addresses the issue of marine littering. It discusses several key international agreements:
- The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) establishes states' obligation to protect the marine environment and take measures to prevent pollution from any source.
- The UN Fish Stocks Agreement supports conservation and protection of the marine environment, including measures to reduce loss of fishing gears which contribute to marine litter.
- The MARPOL Convention prohibits dumping of plastics and other waste at sea, and identifies requirements for waste reception in ports. It aims to prevent pollution from ships.
- The 1972 London Convention addresses dumping at sea, prohibiting it for certain waste
The Global Taxonomy Initiative (GTI) was developed by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) to address the lack of taxonomic information and expertise, known as the "taxonomic impediment", which undermines conservation efforts. The GTI aims to facilitate access to taxonomic knowledge to inform decision-making. It has a program of work comprising 19 activities within 5 operational objectives focused on assessing needs, building capacity, facilitating information access, generating taxonomic information to support CBD thematic programs, and cross-cutting issues. Parties to the CBD and other organizations collaborate under the GTI to advance global taxonomic research and training.
Concept of Sustainable Development: Strategies, opportunities and implementat...PETER NAIBEI
The presentation highlights the concept of Sustainable Development contemporary issues in environmental policy in the global and Kenya context (strategies, opportunities and implementation).
The document summarizes the Stockholm Declaration of 1972, which was the first major UN conference focused on environmental issues. Some key points:
- Sweden proposed the conference in 1967 to discuss growing environmental problems amid the Cold War.
- The Declaration established 26 principles for international cooperation on the environment, including that all people have a fundamental right to a healthy environment.
- It launched a new era of global environmental cooperation and treaty-making, and helped establish the UN Environment Programme.
- Over 100 countries and many NGOs participated, agreeing on principles around sustainable development, conservation, and preventing transboundary pollution.
The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as the Earth Summit, was a major UN conference held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. Over 105 nations gathered and discussed issues of sustainable development, the environment, and the relationship between economics and the environment. Key agreements from the conference included the Convention on Biological Diversity, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. The conference concluded with nations demonstrating their commitment to addressing these global environmental challenges through sustainable development.
This document provides an overview of Kuwait's implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity. It describes the three types of biodiversity and discusses how human activities have negatively impacted biodiversity. It then outlines the history and objectives of the Convention on Biodiversity, which aims to conserve biodiversity and promote sustainable use. The document notes that Kuwait signed the convention in 1992 and became a party in 2002. It discusses some of Kuwait's actions to meet the convention's requirements, such as developing national strategies and reports, monitoring biodiversity, increasing protected areas, and coordinating efforts between relevant authorities.
This document provides an overview of Kuwait's implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity. It describes the three types of biodiversity and discusses how human activities have negatively impacted biodiversity. It then outlines the history and objectives of the Convention on Biodiversity, which aims to conserve biodiversity and promote sustainable use. Kuwait signed the convention in 1992 and has since taken steps to implement its provisions, such as developing national strategies, monitoring biodiversity, and increasing protected areas. Governmental and non-governmental organizations in Kuwait are coordinating efforts around conserving the country's biodiversity.
This document provides an overview of Kuwait's implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity. It describes the three types of biodiversity and discusses how human activities have negatively impacted biodiversity. It then outlines the history and objectives of the Convention on Biodiversity, which Kuwait signed in 1992. Kuwait has since developed national strategies to conserve biodiversity through increasing protected areas, monitoring biodiversity, and coordinating efforts between relevant government authorities and organizations.
The document discusses international environmental law and summarizes some of the most important international treaties related to environmental protection. It begins by outlining the international environmental movement and key declarations like the UN Conference on the Human Environment and the Rio Declaration. It then summarizes international treaties concerning resource conservation, environmental degradation, and pollution and waste management. The treaties cover issues like marine protection, ozone depletion, climate change, transboundary pollution, and pollution of oceans.
This document discusses environmental laws, treaties, and policies. It provides an overview of what environmental laws regulate and their general functions. It also defines environmental treaties and policies. Finally, it presents a timeline of major environmental treaties from 1962 to 1997, including conventions to prevent oil pollution at sea, protect wetlands, regulate ship pollution, protect endangered species, combat air pollution and ozone depletion, manage hazardous waste, protect biodiversity, address climate change, industrial accidents, desertification, and set targets for reducing greenhouse gases.
International Environmental Conferences, a short viewArjun Ariaratnam
The document summarizes several major international environmental conferences:
The 1972 Stockholm Conference was the first major conference on the environment and established the United Nations Environment Programme. The 1992 Rio Conference emphasized sustainable development and resulted in agreements like Agenda 21. The 2002 Johannesburg Conference reaffirmed commitments to sustainable development. Rio+20 in 2012 focused on green economy and institutional frameworks for sustainability. Key principles on environmental protection and sustainable development were adopted at these conferences.
Summary of Convention on Biological Diversity COP13 Conference of Parties December 2016, Cancun.
Presentation for Alcuenet subgroup meeting "Biodiversity and Climate Change" in Brussels, On February 28th, 2017 at the Embassy of Colombia in Brussels the Workshop of Experts in biodiversity and Climate Change was carried out in the framework of the ALCUE-NET project http://alcuenet.eu/news.php?id=109
The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is the leading global environmental authority within the UN system. It sets the global environmental agenda and promotes sustainable development. UNEP is headquartered in Nairobi, Kenya and works to provide nations and people with leadership and partnerships to improve environmental quality of life for current and future generations. It coordinates UN environmental activities, assists developing countries with sustainable policies, and oversees secretariats for important multilateral agreements related to issues like climate change, biodiversity, and hazardous chemicals.
Global environmental problems have surfaced in recent years in the midst of a general upgrading of economic standards in advanced countries. This has been paralleled by rapid growth of poverty, population, and urbanization in less developed countries, and resulted in broadening mutually dependent international relationships. International efforts concerning environmental conservation relate to global warming, protection of the ozone layer, acid deposition, forests, wildlife, marine environment, desertification, and pollution problems in developing countries.
The document provides an overview of key principles and agreements in international environmental law. It discusses:
1. The fundamental principles of international environmental law, which include state sovereignty, cooperation, sustainable development, and the precautionary principle.
2. Major multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) related to biodiversity conservation, pollution prevention, climate change, and desertification.
3. Important international declarations establishing principles of environmental protection, including the Stockholm Declaration, Rio Declaration, and Johannesburg Declaration.
4. The objectives and measures of key agreements like the Convention on Biological Diversity and UN Framework Convention on Climate Change to promote conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.
The document provides information about the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). It discusses that CBD is an international treaty with the goals of conservation, sustainable use, and fair and equitable sharing of genetic resources. CBD has 196 parties and aims to achieve the Aichi Biodiversity Targets. The Conference of Parties (COP) is CBD's governing body that meets every two years to review progress. CBD also has two protocols on biosafety and access to genetic resources. Sustainable use of biodiversity and fair benefit sharing from genetic resources are important principles of CBD.
1) The document discusses sustainable wildlife management and provides context around key terms and challenges. It questions who and what species are included under "wildlife" and "management" versus "governance."
2) Three main points are highlighted: the history of wildlife management in the CBD, focusing on new challenges; the current context of discussions around living in harmony with nature; and current issues within the CBD framework, including sustainable use, equitable benefit-sharing, and governance.
3) Key messages are provided on transforming food systems, increasing financing for conservation and equity, avoiding false solutions, and ensuring inclusive biodiversity governance that participates local communities and indigenous peoples. Guidance on wildlife management will be discussed at SBST
1. The document discusses sustainable wildlife management in the context of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). It questions terms like "sustainable," "wildlife," and "management" and takes an interdisciplinary social science perspective.
2. Three main points are highlighted. First, wildlife management is an old topic facing new challenges like climate change. Approaches have shifted from species protection to habitat co-management. Second, discussions now focus on "living in harmony with nature" and addressing issues like equitable benefit-sharing and illegal trade. Third, the CBD's three pillars - conservation, sustainable use, and benefit-sharing - present challenges in implementation.
3. Key messages are that transforming food systems is essential
The document provides information on the global legal framework that addresses the issue of marine littering. It discusses several key international agreements:
- The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) establishes states' obligation to protect the marine environment and take measures to prevent pollution from any source.
- The UN Fish Stocks Agreement supports conservation and protection of the marine environment, including measures to reduce loss of fishing gears which contribute to marine litter.
- The MARPOL Convention prohibits dumping of plastics and other waste at sea, and identifies requirements for waste reception in ports. It aims to prevent pollution from ships.
- The 1972 London Convention addresses dumping at sea, prohibiting it for certain waste
The Global Taxonomy Initiative (GTI) was developed by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) to address the lack of taxonomic information and expertise, known as the "taxonomic impediment", which undermines conservation efforts. The GTI aims to facilitate access to taxonomic knowledge to inform decision-making. It has a program of work comprising 19 activities within 5 operational objectives focused on assessing needs, building capacity, facilitating information access, generating taxonomic information to support CBD thematic programs, and cross-cutting issues. Parties to the CBD and other organizations collaborate under the GTI to advance global taxonomic research and training.
Concept of Sustainable Development: Strategies, opportunities and implementat...PETER NAIBEI
The presentation highlights the concept of Sustainable Development contemporary issues in environmental policy in the global and Kenya context (strategies, opportunities and implementation).
The document summarizes the Stockholm Declaration of 1972, which was the first major UN conference focused on environmental issues. Some key points:
- Sweden proposed the conference in 1967 to discuss growing environmental problems amid the Cold War.
- The Declaration established 26 principles for international cooperation on the environment, including that all people have a fundamental right to a healthy environment.
- It launched a new era of global environmental cooperation and treaty-making, and helped establish the UN Environment Programme.
- Over 100 countries and many NGOs participated, agreeing on principles around sustainable development, conservation, and preventing transboundary pollution.
The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as the Earth Summit, was a major UN conference held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. Over 105 nations gathered and discussed issues of sustainable development, the environment, and the relationship between economics and the environment. Key agreements from the conference included the Convention on Biological Diversity, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. The conference concluded with nations demonstrating their commitment to addressing these global environmental challenges through sustainable development.
This document provides an overview of Kuwait's implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity. It describes the three types of biodiversity and discusses how human activities have negatively impacted biodiversity. It then outlines the history and objectives of the Convention on Biodiversity, which aims to conserve biodiversity and promote sustainable use. The document notes that Kuwait signed the convention in 1992 and became a party in 2002. It discusses some of Kuwait's actions to meet the convention's requirements, such as developing national strategies and reports, monitoring biodiversity, increasing protected areas, and coordinating efforts between relevant authorities.
This document provides an overview of Kuwait's implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity. It describes the three types of biodiversity and discusses how human activities have negatively impacted biodiversity. It then outlines the history and objectives of the Convention on Biodiversity, which aims to conserve biodiversity and promote sustainable use. Kuwait signed the convention in 1992 and has since taken steps to implement its provisions, such as developing national strategies, monitoring biodiversity, and increasing protected areas. Governmental and non-governmental organizations in Kuwait are coordinating efforts around conserving the country's biodiversity.
This document provides an overview of Kuwait's implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity. It describes the three types of biodiversity and discusses how human activities have negatively impacted biodiversity. It then outlines the history and objectives of the Convention on Biodiversity, which Kuwait signed in 1992. Kuwait has since developed national strategies to conserve biodiversity through increasing protected areas, monitoring biodiversity, and coordinating efforts between relevant government authorities and organizations.
The document discusses international environmental law and summarizes some of the most important international treaties related to environmental protection. It begins by outlining the international environmental movement and key declarations like the UN Conference on the Human Environment and the Rio Declaration. It then summarizes international treaties concerning resource conservation, environmental degradation, and pollution and waste management. The treaties cover issues like marine protection, ozone depletion, climate change, transboundary pollution, and pollution of oceans.
This document discusses environmental laws, treaties, and policies. It provides an overview of what environmental laws regulate and their general functions. It also defines environmental treaties and policies. Finally, it presents a timeline of major environmental treaties from 1962 to 1997, including conventions to prevent oil pollution at sea, protect wetlands, regulate ship pollution, protect endangered species, combat air pollution and ozone depletion, manage hazardous waste, protect biodiversity, address climate change, industrial accidents, desertification, and set targets for reducing greenhouse gases.
International Environmental Conferences, a short viewArjun Ariaratnam
The document summarizes several major international environmental conferences:
The 1972 Stockholm Conference was the first major conference on the environment and established the United Nations Environment Programme. The 1992 Rio Conference emphasized sustainable development and resulted in agreements like Agenda 21. The 2002 Johannesburg Conference reaffirmed commitments to sustainable development. Rio+20 in 2012 focused on green economy and institutional frameworks for sustainability. Key principles on environmental protection and sustainable development were adopted at these conferences.
Summary of Convention on Biological Diversity COP13 Conference of Parties December 2016, Cancun.
Presentation for Alcuenet subgroup meeting "Biodiversity and Climate Change" in Brussels, On February 28th, 2017 at the Embassy of Colombia in Brussels the Workshop of Experts in biodiversity and Climate Change was carried out in the framework of the ALCUE-NET project http://alcuenet.eu/news.php?id=109
Similar to Environment Ecological Principles Geography (20)
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
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How to Setup Default Value for a Field in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, we can set a default value for a field during the creation of a record for a model. We have many methods in odoo for setting a default value to the field.
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
Information and Communication Technology in EducationMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 2)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐈𝐂𝐓 𝐢𝐧 𝐞𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧:
Students will be able to explain the role and impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education. They will understand how ICT tools, such as computers, the internet, and educational software, enhance learning and teaching processes. By exploring various ICT applications, students will recognize how these technologies facilitate access to information, improve communication, support collaboration, and enable personalized learning experiences.
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐬𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐜𝐞𝐬 𝐨𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐭:
-Students will be able to discuss what constitutes reliable sources on the internet. They will learn to identify key characteristics of trustworthy information, such as credibility, accuracy, and authority. By examining different types of online sources, students will develop skills to evaluate the reliability of websites and content, ensuring they can distinguish between reputable information and misinformation.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
2. Stockholm Declaration Principles
Conservation and Protection centric:
• Principle 4: Wildlife Conservation
• Principle 6: Management of pollution
• Principle 7: Management of sea pollution
• Principle 22: Compensation to Victims
Human Capacity Building centric:
• Principle 1: Rights and Responsibilities for protecting the environment.
• Principle 15: Human settlement and Urbanization.
• Principle 18: Application of science
• Principle 19: Education in environmental matters
• Principle 20: Expanding scientific research
4. Stockholm Declaration Principles
Sustainable development centric:
• Principle 2: Duty to protect natural resources
• Principle 3: Duty to preserve renewable resources
• Principle 5: Duty to preserve non-renewable resources
• Principle 8: Social and Economic development
• Principle 13: Rational Management of Resources
• Principle 14: Rational Planning
• Principle 16: Population Control
• Principle 21: Respect of customary international law
• Principle 24: Cooperation with nations
• Principle 25: Coordination with nations
5. Stockholm Declaration Principles
Other principles
• Principle 9: Aid and Technology Transfer to remedy Environmental Deficiencies
• Principle 10: Stability of prices and incomes
• Principle 11: Environmental Policy
• Principle 12: Resources allocation to preserve and improve environment
• Principle 17: Setting up of national institutions
• Principle 23: Implementing a national agenda
• Principle 26: Ban on nuclear weapons
6. 1972 : Maurice Strong is elected as first
head of UNEP.
• After successfully leading the United
Nations Conference on the Human
Environment, the UN General
Assembly elects Strong, a Canadian, as
UNEP’s first Executive Director. He led
UNEP until 1975
• The first meeting of the Governing
Council of UNEP takes place in the
Palais des Nations, Geneva, in June
1973.
• In 1975, UNEP moves to a new
location on the site of an old coffee
farm on the outskirts of Nairobi,
where it remains to this day.
7. About IMO
• IMO's work to protect our oceans goes beyond the ships,by regulating the
prevention of pollution from dumping at wastes at sea, including climate change
mitigation options such as carbon capture and storage. This is done through two
treaties known as the London Convention and Protocol.
• IMO understands the need for special protection in some areas because of
ecological, socio-economic or scientific significance. Special areas and particularly
sensitive sea areas (PSSA) are designated to ensure higher levels of protection
from shipping activities
• IMO is also working to reduce marine plastic litter and to mitigate against
invasive aquatic species. IMO also works to protect marine mammals from ship
strikes and reduce underwater noise from ships.
• IMO is also playing an active role in other environmental cooperation
mechanisms in the UN, such as UN-Oceans and the UN Environment
Management Group (UN EMG).
8. • 1973 : Known as MARPOL, the
treaty imposes strict rules on the
shipping industry, helping to prevent
spills and pollution from routine
operations.
• The treaty is administered by the
International Maritime Organization,
which would become a key partner in
UNEP efforts to prevent marine
pollution.
Means to transport more than 80% of
global trade by volume. Shipping is a key
user of the oceans, delivering essential
goods and commodities, taking ferry
passengers to their destinations and
carrying millions of tourists on cruises.
9. Q. Consider the following MARPOL related statements :
1. MARPOL was first adopted in 1973 with annexes covering the prevention of all
types of pollution from ships.
2. The convention was expanded in 1997 to regulate air pollution and emissions
from ships.
Codes:
a) 1 only
b) only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
10. Q. Which of the following is correct about a PSSA
1. UNEP designates special marine areas as Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas
(PSSAs).
2. There are currently 15 areas (plus two extensions) protected areas in this way.
Codes:
a) 1 only
b) only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
11. • IMO has a process to designate Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas (PSSAs), which are
subject to associated protective measures such as mandatory ship-routeing
systems.
• There are currently 15 areas (plus two extensions) protected in this way, including
those covering UNESCO World Heritage Marine Sites, such as the Great Barrier
Reef (Australia), the Galápagos Archipelago (Ecuador), the Papahānaumokuākea
Marine National Monument (United States), and the Wadden Sea (Denmark,
Germany, Netherlands).
• This long-established practice of designating Special Areas and PSSAs fully
supports the SDG 14 target to increase coverage of marine protected areas.
12. Q. Which of the following is correct about the GloLitter Project?
1. IMO and the UNEP have launched the GloLitter project, to help shipping and
fisheries move to a low-plastics future.
2. GloLitter will assist developing countries to identify opportunities to prevent
and reduce marine plastic litter.
Codes:
a) 1 only
b) only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
13. IMO and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) have
launched the GloLitter project, with initial funding for the project from the
Government of Norway, to help shipping and fisheries move to a low-plastics
future.
GloLitter will assist developing countries to identify opportunities to prevent and
reduce marine plastic litter, including plastic litter, from within the maritime
transport and fisheries sectors, and to decrease the use of plastics in these
industries, including identifying opportunities to re-use and recycle plastics.
GloFouling partnerships project : IMO is executing the GEF-UNDP-IMO GloFouling
Partner project to address the transfer of harmful aquatic species through
biofouling in some of the developing regions of the world
14. • 1973 : States adopt the Convention on
International Trade in Endangered
Species of Wild Fauna and Flora
(CITES)
• A cornerstone of international
conservation efforts, the accord would
come to regulate, and in some cases
ban, the trade of more than 38,000
animals and plants, including some of
the planet’s most endangered species.
CITES became a UNEP-administered
multilateral environmental agreement
in 1984.
(CoP 19)Nineteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties
of CITES Panama City, Panama 14 - 25 November 2022.
CoP20 will be held in 2025. (Host yet to be finalised)
03 March. World Wildlife Day 2024
This year's theme is, "Connecting People and Planet: Exploring
Digital Innovation in Wildlife Conservation."
15. Which of the following is correct about CITES ?
1. CITES is an international, legally binding instrument for its members.
2. It is a powerful tools for wildlife conservation through the regulation of trade.
3. CITES has a permit system that allows international trade in listed species.
Codes:
a) 1 and 2
b) 1 and 3
c) 2 and 3
d) All the above
16. CITES was signed in Washington D.C. on 3 March 1973 and entered into force on 1 July 1975.
CITES is an international, legally binding instrument that must be implemented and enforced by
the 184 Parties (183 countries and the European Union) that have agreed to be bound by it.
CITES regulates international trade in over 38,000 species of plants and animals, including their
products and derivatives, to ensure their survival in the wild with benefits for the livelihoods of
local people and the global environment.
More than 30 percent of the world’s tree species are at risk of extinction and international trade
in more than 500 tree species is regulated under CITES.
With 184 Parties, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna
and Flora (CITES) remains one of the world's most powerful tools for wildlife conservation
through the regulation of trade. Thousands of species are internationally traded and used by
people in their daily lives for food, health care, housing, tourist souvenirs, cosmetics or fashion.
The CITES permit system seeks to ensure that international trade in listed species is sustainable,
legal and traceable and contributes to both the livelihoods of the communities that live closest to
them and to national economies for a healthy planet and the prosperity of the people in support
of UN Sustainable Development Goals.
17. Earth Day :
• Earth Day is celebrated annually on April 22nd. It
serves as a reminder of the importance of
environmental protection and sustainability. Started
on April 22, 1970.
• In 2024, the theme "Planet vs. Plastics" underscores
the imperative for collaborative efforts to restore
ecosystems, address climate change, and safeguard
biodiversity.
• Demanding a 60% reduction in the production
of ALL plastics by 2040.
• Rapidly phase out all single use plastics, urgently
push for a strong UN Treaty on Plastic Pollution.
• Sustainable fashion refers to a clothing supply chain
that is ecologically and socially responsible.
The fashion industry produces 100
billion garments a year and 87% (40
million tons) end up in a landfill where
they smolder and pollute the air or an
incinerator.
Only 1% of all discarded clothing is
actually recycled.
Most major industries are highly
regulated. But the fashion industry,
one of the largest manufacturing
industries on the planet, is almost
entirely unregulated.
18. • 1974 World Environment Day makes its
debut
• The world celebrates the first World
Environment Day organized by UNEP on 5
June (the first day of the Stockholm
Conference on the human environment.)
under the theme “Only One Earth.”
• World Environment Day was first observed in
1974 in the USA.
• Since then, the day has been commemorated
annually, raising awareness about critical
environmental issues, and galvanizing action
and commitment from member states.
• The theme for World Environment Day 2021
was ‘Ecosystem Restoration’ and Pakistan
will be the global host for the big day.
• This day will also see the launch of the UN
Decade on Ecosystem Restoration.
WED 2024 :
• In 2024, WED focuses on land
restoration, desertification and
drought resilience (भूतम
पुनथियापन, मरुथिलीकरण
और िूखय लचीलयपन)under
the slogan
• “Our land. Our future. We are
GenerationRestoration.”
• The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia will
host the 2024 World Environment
Day global celebrations.
19. Q. Which of the following is true about
World Environment Day (WED) 2024?
1. It marks the 50th anniversary of the
establishment of UNEP as an outcome
of the Stockholm Conference.
2. The host country for 2024 is Saudi
Arabia.
3. “Only One Earth” is the motto for
2024.
Codes:
a) 1 and 2
b) Only 2
c) 1 and 3
d) All the above
ववश्व पयाावरण विवस (WED)
2024 क
े बारे में वनम्नवलल्पित में
से कौन सा सत्य है?
1. यह स्टॉकहोम सम्मेलन क
े
पररणामस्वरूप यूएनईपी की
स्थापना की 50वीीं वषागाींठ
है।
2. 2024 का मेजबान िेश
सऊिी अरब है।
3. "क
े वल एक पृथ्वी" 2024
का आिशा वाक्य है।