EnISSA MIP

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The concern about soil contamination is becoming more and more important in almost all European countries. Certain regions have already taken legislative initiatives for quite some time. Most of these initiatives aim at identifying and evaluating the risks of historical soil contamination due to more than 100 years of industrial evolution, and at avoiding new additional contamination. Our team has built up definite expertise in the detection and mapping of soil contamination. This expertise has lead to the development of a fast semi-quantitative in-situ soil analysis method with low detection limits (µg/l-level) using the membrane interface probe (MIP).

EnISSA
Enhanced In Situ Soil Analysis

Wouter Van de Putte
Wouter.vandeputte@enissa.com
28/11/2012

1. Introduction
2. EnISSA MIP
3. Pilot study field results
4. Cost comparison
5. Conclusions

1. Introduction

classic sampling strategies (groundwater wells)

+ low detection level
+ broad analysis spectrum
- Decision making: Time inefficient
- Large contaminated area: large information
gaps

www.enissa.com

1. Introduction

classic ↔ Current “On Site” soil investigation (MIP,
ROST, …)

+ information in the field
+ detailed soil profiles
- information quality not equal to classic sampling
- Detection limit > clean up values
- Sum detectors (indistinct)

www.enissa.com

1. Introduction

Analytical uncertainty Spatial uncertainty

• Risk assessment uncertainty
• “Discoveries” during monitoring
• “Discoveries” during remediation

www.enissa.com

1. Introduction
Sampling well Van Ree & Carlon,
Land Contamination & Reclamation, 11 (1), 2003

decrease uncertainty in conceptual site model by combining
“Best of both worlds” in one method.
www.enissa.com

1. Introduction
Introduction

Combining best of both worlds

+ low detection level
+ broad analysis spectrum
+ information in the field
+ detailed soil profiles

Development of a fast in situ technology with
detection limits and selectivity comparable to
classis sampling methods.

www.enissa.com

2. MIP
Membrane Interface Probe
 Screening tool for VOC
 Cone: heated block and hydrophobic semi permeable membrane
 Direct push
 Local heating of soil
 Volatilization and diffusion through membrane
 Inert carrier gas & transport to detector

Typical setup: Combination of three detectors:
* Dry electrolytic detector (DELCD) or

Halogen specific detector (XSD)
* Photo ionisation detector (PID)
* Flame ionisation detector (FID)

www.enissa.com

2. MIP  EnISSA MIP
PID, FID, DELCD & XSD
→ Summation-detectors: no information on individual contaminants: polluent cocktails!
→ respons is component specific  quantification difficult
→ detection limit > groundwater clean-up values in Flanders : μg/l

EnISSA MIP
• MIP with dedicated GC-MS detection combined with proprietary
contaminant sampling technology
• GC-MS: Optimized for field measurements:
* ruggedized
* cycle/analysis time: 1 min
 1 measurement per 30 cm at probing speed of 30 cm/min
* up to 12 compounds simultaneously

Highly detailed profiles for individual
compounds on ppb level
www.enissa.com

2. EnISSA MIP

Tetrachloroethylene Vinylchloride 1,2 dichloroethylene PID Soil Conductivity

Measurement of individual components Measurement of Measurement of
sum parameters soil parameters

www.enissa.com

4. Cost comparison: Project cost
20000
25000
18000 EnISSA campaign
16000
traditional campaign
20000
14000
12000
Cost (€)

Cost ($)
15000
10000
8000 10000
6000
4000 5000
2000
0 0
EnISSA MIP

groundwater

groundwater

analysis

total project
report
soil/GW
sampling
wells

wells

www.enissa.com cost

4. Cost comparison: information meter
25000

20000 Cost ($)

15000

10000

5000

0
total project
cost

www.enissa.com

5. Conclusions
ARE WE THERE YET?

www.enissa.com

5. Conclusions

entire delineation of contamination: source + plume
EnISSA MIP measures on ppb level
→ source and plume
(Conventional MIP measures on sub-ppm level)

- Order of magnitude = groundwater sample  high quality screening tool -
“On site” information on pollution cocktails:
EnISSA MIP measures individual compounds in contrast to the sum-detectors used
in conventional MIP

- Each 30 cm up to 12 compounds can be distinguished -

strategic sampling well locations:
The entire delineation of source and plume obtained by EnISSA MIP makes it possible
to place sampling wells at strategic locations reducing sampling costs and time.

www.enissa.com

More information:

www.EnISSA.com
info@EnISSA.com

www.enissa.com

1. The document describes a study validating the EnISSA Membrane Interface Probe (MIP) technique for on-site detection of volatile organic compounds in soil. 2. The EnISSA MIP uses gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to provide contaminant profiles for individual compounds in soil at concentrations of parts per billion, improving on conventional MIP techniques. 3. A pilot study was conducted at a contaminated former industrial site in Kortrijk, Belgium, comparing EnISSA MIP data to traditional soil and groundwater sampling data. The EnISSA MIP successfully delineated contamination sources and plumes and provided cost-effective characterization of the site.

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EnISSA MIP

1. EnISSA Enhanced In Situ Soil Analysis Wouter Van de Putte Wouter.vandeputte@enissa.com 28/11/2012

2. 1. Introduction 2. EnISSA MIP 3. Pilot study field results 4. Cost comparison 5. Conclusions

3. 1. Introduction classic sampling strategies (groundwater wells) + low detection level + broad analysis spectrum - Decision making: Time inefficient - Large contaminated area: large information gaps www.enissa.com

4. 1. Introduction classic ↔ Current “On Site” soil investigation (MIP, ROST, …) + information in the field + detailed soil profiles - information quality not equal to classic sampling - Detection limit > clean up values - Sum detectors (indistinct) www.enissa.com

5. 1. Introduction Analytical uncertainty Spatial uncertainty • Risk assessment uncertainty • “Discoveries” during monitoring • “Discoveries” during remediation www.enissa.com

6. 1. Introduction Sampling well Van Ree & Carlon, Land Contamination & Reclamation, 11 (1), 2003 decrease uncertainty in conceptual site model by combining “Best of both worlds” in one method. www.enissa.com

7. 1. Introduction Introduction Combining best of both worlds + low detection level + broad analysis spectrum + information in the field + detailed soil profiles Development of a fast in situ technology with detection limits and selectivity comparable to classis sampling methods. www.enissa.com

8. 2. MIP Membrane Interface Probe  Screening tool for VOC  Cone: heated block and hydrophobic semi permeable membrane  Direct push  Local heating of soil  Volatilization and diffusion through membrane  Inert carrier gas & transport to detector Typical setup: Combination of three detectors: * Dry electrolytic detector (DELCD) or Halogen specific detector (XSD) * Photo ionisation detector (PID) * Flame ionisation detector (FID) www.enissa.com

9. 2. MIP  EnISSA MIP PID, FID, DELCD & XSD → Summation-detectors: no information on individual contaminants: polluent cocktails! → respons is component specific  quantification difficult → detection limit > groundwater clean-up values in Flanders : μg/l EnISSA MIP • MIP with dedicated GC-MS detection combined with proprietary contaminant sampling technology • GC-MS: Optimized for field measurements: * ruggedized * cycle/analysis time: 1 min  1 measurement per 30 cm at probing speed of 30 cm/min * up to 12 compounds simultaneously Highly detailed profiles for individual compounds on ppb level www.enissa.com

10. 2. EnISSA MIP Tetrachloroethylene Vinylchloride 1,2 dichloroethylene PID Soil Conductivity Measurement of individual components Measurement of Measurement of sum parameters soil parameters www.enissa.com

18. 4. Cost comparison: Project cost 20000 25000 18000 EnISSA campaign 16000 traditional campaign 20000 14000 12000 Cost (€) Cost ($) 15000 10000 8000 10000 6000 4000 5000 2000 0 0 EnISSA MIP groundwater groundwater analysis total project report soil/GW sampling wells wells www.enissa.com cost

19. 4. Cost comparison: information meter 25000 20000 Cost ($) 15000 10000 5000 0 total project cost www.enissa.com

20. 5. Conclusions ARE WE THERE YET? www.enissa.com

21. 5. Conclusions entire delineation of contamination: source + plume EnISSA MIP measures on ppb level → source and plume (Conventional MIP measures on sub-ppm level) - Order of magnitude = groundwater sample  high quality screening tool - “On site” information on pollution cocktails: EnISSA MIP measures individual compounds in contrast to the sum-detectors used in conventional MIP - Each 30 cm up to 12 compounds can be distinguished - strategic sampling well locations: The entire delineation of source and plume obtained by EnISSA MIP makes it possible to place sampling wells at strategic locations reducing sampling costs and time. www.enissa.com

22. More information: www.EnISSA.com info@EnISSA.com www.enissa.com

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