The document is a report by Professor Show-ling Jang of National Taiwan University that provides guidelines and recommendations for renegotiating Taiwan's cross-strait service trade pact with China. The report discusses several issues with the current pact from perspectives of fairness and national interests. It notes concerns that the pact favors Chinese interests over Taiwanese, lacks transparency, and could endanger certain domestic industries and national security. The report makes recommendations for addressing these issues in renegotiations, including establishing more symmetrical terms and ensuring dispute settlement mechanisms are in place first before implementing the trade agreement.
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Following the unprecedented ramifications of the coronavirus pandemic and subsequent uncertainty over both the safety and viability of holding physical events, Global Trade Review is delighted to announce that GTR Asia 2020, the world's largest trade finance gathering, will this year be taking place virtually, on September 8-11.
This exciting new initiative, combining a mixture of live-streamed and pre-recorded content and unrivalled networking via GTR's dedicated virtual event platform, will offer the chance to hear the latest developments from experts on the many challenges faced across the industry, as well as the chance to connect with speakers, sponsors and attendees alike across the 4 days.
Ons rapport identificeert een vijfstappenplan om wereldwijde groei van vacatures te stimuleren.
http://haysoxfordeconomics.clikpages.co.uk/globalreport2011/
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1. Cross-Strait Service Trade Pact:
Guidelines and Recommendations
For Renegotiation
Professor Show-ling Jang
Department of Economics
National Taiwan University
2014/3/19
1
2. Contents
2
1. Evaluate this Service Trade Pact From Nobel Laureate Joseph
Stiglitz’s Perspective On Free-trade Agreements
2. Our Team Research Reports and the Opinions of the
Symposiums’ Experts
3. Hazard of the Pact:Survival of Sectors
4. Hazard of The Pact:National Security
5. The Unequal Terms of the Agreement
6. Conclusion: 6.1 Dispute Settlement Should Be Placed Before
Service Trade Pact
6.2 Guidelines for Renegotiation
6.3 Specific Recommendations for Renegotiation
3. 1. Evaluate this Service Trade Pact From Nobel laureate
Joseph Stiglitz’s Perspective On Free Trade Agreement
3
Stiglitz: 1.Any trade agreement has to be symmetrical.
The clauses of the cross-strait agreement are unsymmetrical, economic
scales are unbalanced, free environments are uneven.
Stiglitz: 2. No trade agreement should put commercial interests ahead of
broader national interests.
Delinquent officials signed the pact; economic, social, and national
security are at risk.
Stiglitz: 3.There must be a commitment to transparency.
There has not been sufficient communication with related industrial
organization, and the President of the LegislativeYuan and legislators did
not know beforehand.
Renegotiation needed for a win-win situation
4. On June 21, 2013, Taiwan and China signed the Service Trade Pact under
the cross-strait Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement (ECFA).
(1)The text of ECFA does not state the specific deadline to sign the service
trade pact.
(2)The text of ECFA does not commit to sign the service trade pact first,
then sign the commodity trade pact.
2. Our Team’s Research Reports and the Opinions
of the Symposium’s Experts
4
Economic
Cooperation
Investment
Agreement
Trade in
Services
Dispute
Settlement
Trade in
Goods
ECFA (Economic Cooperation
Framework Agreement)
Signed on June 29, 2010
Signed on August 9, 2012
Signed on June 21, 2013
Schedule
undetermined
(Waiting to both sides
to establish offices)
In discussion; expected
to finish negotiation by
the end of 2013
ECFA
5. 2. Our Team’s Research Reports and the Opinions of the
Symposium’s Experts (Continued)
5
http://www.ecfa.org.tw//EcfaAttachment/附件一、服務貿易特定承諾表.pdf
The open items (開放項目) and whether or not the mode of services supplied is
limited (服務提供模式是否限制) are shown in two columns ”Sectors and sub-
sectors”(項目─部門或次部門) 和”Modes of services supplied-Promised open
markets”(服務提供模式─市場開放承諾)
Via transnational corporations
transferring employees, China
employees would be able to stay in
Taiwan for three years the first
time with unlimited renewal,
which would turn into long stay in
Taiwan.
Open
items
(開放項目)
Modes of
services
supplied (服
務提供模式)
6. Our Team’s Research Reports and the Opinions of the
Symposium’s Experts (Continued)
6
Show-ling Jang’s Facebook page
(http://www.facebook.com/renegotiation) mainly talks about:
Who is affected by the service trade pact?
Is the cross-strait service trade pact symmetrical?
Has the government told us the truth?
From August 23 to October 4, NTU Public Policy Forum – “How to
sign the service trade pact to create win-win cross-strait?” has held
six symposiums, and experts from many fields discussed how to
revise the pact.
See http://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~ntuperc/Conference-1.htm for
details.
Based on the research above, these are our specific recommendations
for modifications below.
8. 3.1 The Pact’s Policy-making Structure
8
President Ma
Ying-Jeou
Join-sane Lin of SEF、Yu-chi Wang of
MAC、Minister of Economic Affairs Chia-
juch Chang、Chief of the Bureau of
Foreign Trade etc. suspected to have held
backroom deals
Expect that KMT legislators
would observe the public
opinion, and will pass the
pact forcefully
Supported by 200,000 KMT
party members’ votes: Party
Chairman Ma Ying-Jeou
The unsymmetrical service
trade pact that harms our
national interests
Directly affect 4 million employees of the service industries
Indirectly affect 2 million employees of the manufacturing industries
Directly affect more than 23 million citizens of Taiwan
9. 3.2 Cross-strait Economic Scale are Unsymmetrical
9
There’s approximately 935,000 firms in Taiwan’s service industries,
with 99.7% being medium/small enterprises and 85% being micro
enterprises (less than 5 employees), their scales are much smaller than
China’s enterprises.
In addition, the Chinese government’s political ambition of Taiwan,
the subsidies policy, its conformed method of operation for businesses
to come to Taiwan, as well as the cross-strait cultural and language
similarities , would make the impacts of the pact on our economy
larger than signing an agreement with other countries.
In 2013’s “Fortune”, out of the 500 largest enterprises on the list, China has
89 while Taiwan only has 6.
10. 3.3 Direct impact: Threatening Almost All of the Tertiary
Sector
10
The government claims that Taiwan only opens 64 items
of the tertiary sector to China, but in reality the services
opened reach more than thousand items, everything
needed cradle-to-grave. It will affect more than 4 million
employees of the tertiary sector.
Travel
Including: bakeries, snack
bars, specialty stores,
stationary stores, jewelry
stores, shoe stores,
department stores, malls,
supermarkets,
convenience stores,
cosmetic shops..
Transportation
Commerce
Finance
Health
Communication
Society
Entertain-
ment
Sports
Construction
Environment
Others
Distribution
Wholesale Retail
Consignee
11. 3.4 Disadvantaged industries would not be able to survive
11
Items
The open markets Taiwan promises China in
the agreement
The open markets
China promises
Taiwan in the
agreement
1.Catering
industry
2.Laundry
services
3.Hairdress
-ing and
other
beauty
services
(1) Cross-border supply: not limited
(2) Consumption abroad: not limited
(3) Commercial presence: allows Chinese
enterprises provide services in Taiwan via
exclusive investments, joint ventures,
partnerships, and establishing branch companies.
(4) Presence of individual person: Via
transnational corporations transferring
employees, China employees would be able to
stay in Taiwan for three years the first time with
unlimited renewal, which would turn into long
stay in Taiwan.
Not open
Not open
Not open
12. 12
Catering, laundry, and beauty services etc., have an average of
2~3 people per firm. How would they be able to play an active role
in the China market? Our micro firms would be devastated, may
even go out of business, if China’s government-owned and large-
scale firms come to compete in Taiwan with no limitations.
Items
Number of
firms
Number of
employees
Employees
per firm
Average monthly wage
(in NTD$)
Catering 105,943 346,702 3.0 28,000
Laundry 6,324 10,670 2.0 30,000
Beauty 34,407 59,726 2.0 26,000
The Operational Summary of the Catering, Laundry, Hairdressing, and
Beauty Services
Source of information: 2011Industry, Commerce, and Service Consensus (100年工商及服務業普查統計資料)
3.4 Disadvantaged industries would not be able to survive (Continued)
13. 3.5 Indirect Impact: Threatening the
Manufacturing Industry
13
Taiwan will give China the portal to access when opening
distribution, transport, storage and warehousing services firms.
They will sell Chinese products in Taiwan that are supplied,
wholesaled, and retailed. Chinese products are already cheaper,
and when given further access, China’s firms will devastate our
domestic manufacturing and service firms!
Xue Xue Institute CEO, Miss Lilin Hsu, emphasizes, many
Chinese people do not follow the rules of free trade. Fakes,
piracy, avoiding supervision, ignoring workers’ rights, using
loopholes in laws etc., are routine. Taiwan businessmen cannot
even compete with them. When more and more industries’ are
controlled by China, Taiwan will lose her economic
independence.
14. 3.6 Indirect Impact: the Income of 23
million Taiwan Citizens
14
In this agreement, Taiwan has relaxed the policy on presence
of individual person. By letting Chinese employees, via transnational
companies hiring, would be able to stay in Taiwan for three years the first
time with unlimited renewals. There are many loopholes, and with the
total stay period being unlimited, it will lead to lots of Chinese long-
staying in Taiwan, taking our job openings. There are already
advertisements in China of easy immigration to Taiwan. There are over
700,000 Chinese people who have settled down in Hong Kong.
Taiwan’s job market and standard wage will
be impacted by the large number of Chinese
staying in Taiwan. After Hong Kong signed CEPA
with China, low-stability, low-waged, high-shifting,
high-substitutability jobs appeared in Hong Kong.
Managers and gold-collared workers’ incomes either
stayed the same or decreased. This situation may
replay in Taiwan.
Decrease in
wages
15. 3.7 Direct Impact: the Right to Medical Care of
23 Million Taiwan Citizens
15
China opens up for Taiwan to invest exclusively to establish medical
hospitals, which will absorb lots of Taiwan’s medical personnel,
hollowing Taiwan’s medical system. Now, China has already
repeatedly took strong measures to recruit Taiwan doctors and nurses.
We can only imagine that, with the pact’s access, funds, technology,
and medical personnel will outflow faster.
We allow China to come establish hospitals via joint ventures, not
limiting the proportion of funds, allowing cross-border services, and
can get at least one-thirds of the trustee seats. China will take Taiwan’s
exceptional medical personnel and medical management services to
develop its own medical industry. In the long run, where will our
doctors be in the future?
Services trade pact allows many Chinese to come to Taiwan, which will
drag down our health insurance and affect the right to medical care of
our people.
17. 4.1 Harming the Publishing Industry, Risking
Freedom of Speech
17
Prof. Chinhwa Chang of the Graduate Institute of Journalism, NTU, says,
“China’s publishing industry is a national-owned enterprise with political
purpose.” Terry Chang, founder of www.books.com.tw, said, “China’s publishing
industry completely controls people’s expression of opinions, and publishing
firms are all state-operated businesses. So the pact would not be just affecting
Taiwan publishing industry’s commerce profits but our speech freedom.”
Because China does not have the freedom of speech in publishing, both sides
will not open up the publishing industry; however, the upstream of printing and
downstream of retailing are opened. Taiwan’s publishing industry will be
attacked from by the Chinese firms in upstream printing factories and the
downstream retailers, Taiwan’s freedom of speech are seriously threatened.
Terry Chang states, “Would a China-invested bookstore have any books
criticizing China’s policies? Or if the Internet bookstore
www.books.com.tw becomes a China-invested
organization, with every one of the five million
consumers’ information of purchasing books are
controlled by the Chinese government, would you
be at ease buying books?”
18. 18
Sector
Taiwan’s commitment
to China
China’s commitment to Taiwan
PrintingIndustry
Allows China service
providers establish
businesses of joint
venture in Taiwan,
offering printing and
assisting services. China’s
service providers are
limited to invest in the
businesses Taiwan has
now, China investors’ total
shares not exceeding 50%.
1. Allows Taiwan service providers establish businesses
of joint ventures and partnership in China, offering
publishing and other printing services. China’s
investors should have controlling interests or a leading
role.
2.Allows Taiwan service providers establish packaging
and printing businesses of joint ventures, exclusive
investments, or partnership. The lowest demand of
funds registered follows the example of China’s
businesses.
Must apply for Publishing Permits to print in China.
Our firms consist mainly of small and medium enterprises while China’s are mainly large state-owned
firms. After we open our markets, we would immediately be forced into unsymmetrical competition.
From the view of fair trade law and industry experience, having more than one-thirds of shares will have
a predominant role. We will lose our freedom of speech once we are monopolized by China’s
enterprises, which will tightly control our media.
4.1 Harming the Publishing Industry, Risking Freedom
of Speech (Continued)
19. 4.2 Cannot Protect the Individual Privacy of Internet,
Telecommunication, and Finance
19
Prof Ying-Dar Lin of NCTU’s Department of Computer Science
says, the officials of the economic bureau states we only open
the second type of telecommunication, but for many people,
communication via phone is not as important as communication
via internet access, which is the internet service we are about to
open. China may gain board seats and influence via investing in
our businesses, demanding to access information of
telecommunication or use opening markets and approving
permits to bribe Taiwan’s businesses to sacrifice the rights of
Taiwan users.
Chung- Chiang Lai attorney of the Cross-strait
Agreement Watch points out, both sides would
establish banks mutually. Facing finance
supervision’s business inspection, it would be
hard to avoid clients’ financial and credibility
information circulating around the upper levels of management.
20. 4.3 China’s Control of Internet Will Harm Our Internet
Neutrality
20
In the computer services of the pact, we open information processing
services (portal management) and data base services to China. China’s
businesses would strictly monitor our Internet to cooperate with its
government, giving users’ personal information and transmission
contents to it. Xiao-shen Yang, who is pushing for the net neutrality law,
thinks the possibilities the pact would affect the internet are as below:
21. 4.4 Opening Up Large Scales of Communications and
Transportation, Affecting National Security
21
China has political ambition and military animosity towards
Taiwan. However, our government has opened up shipping
services, aviation CFS management, highway merchandise
transportation, warehousing services ,etc.
If the Chinese government support China’s businesses with
national funds, our small-scale businesses’ would be eliminated.
In addition, taking highway transportation for example, China’s
investments may completely control our main transfer stations,
bus stops, and right to manage and maintain highway bridges
and tunnels. If China’s businesses close down Taipei Main
Station or Hsueh Shan Tunnel, we can only imagine the threat
to national security the transportation breakdown would bring.
23. 5.1 Cross-border Service Modes Being
Completely Unsymmetrical
23
China mainly does not promise
anything; Taiwan is unable to
offer cross-border services
Taiwan mainly does not have
limitations; China can offer
cross-border services
China Taiwan
China’s limitations on cross-
border services would make
our investors establish stores
in China, accelerating the
drain of Taiwan’s funds and
brains. China will become
stronger and our service
industry would become
hollow.
Cross-border Services
24. Take electronic commerce for example: We have not gotten
the right for China to remove the obstacles of Taiwan’s online
shopping websites, and China’s consumers would be unable
to directly connect to Taiwan’s shopping websites. With
China not allowing cross-border services, electronic
commerce businesses (like PChome) would be forced to
establish branches in Fujian province.
We cannot provide services directly from Taiwan, not only
would affect our competitiveness, it would also be unable to
increase job opportunities in Taiwan. China’s government
also review ICP permits annually for Taiwan businesses in
China.
24
5.1 Cross-border Service Modes Being Completely
Unsymmetrical (Continued)
25. 5.2 The Commercial Presence of Both Sides
Being Completely Unsymmetrical
25
China is the big winner, full of
schemes and purposes. They are
vigorous in attracting the technical
experts of Taiwan in the areas they
need; in the areas they don’t. As for
the ones Taiwan has competitiveness
in, they in turn limit the investment
areas in coordinate with its West
Coast Economic Zone development
plan.
China Taiwan
Aside from various clauses and
restrictions, China also limited Taiwan’s
investment areas to only Fujian and
Guangdong province.
Taiwan mainly does not have limitations,
allowing China to invest via joint ventures,
partnership, exclusive investments, and
establishing branches in various regions
26. 5.3 The Unequal Terms of the Agreement:
Ex. Distribution of Sales Services
26
The terms of the cross-strait agreement on retail are obviously unequal! China
does not open up wholesale and retail (except for mail-orders) on cross-
border services. There’s also stocks and funds restrictions on commercial
presence, while Taiwan does not have limitations at all.
Distribution
Services
What Taiwan Promises
to Open Up For China
What China Promises to Open Up For Taiwan
Wholesale,
Retail,
Consignee
(1) Cross border supply:
No limitations.
(2) Commercial presence:
allows China businesses
provide services in
Taiwan via exclusive
investments, joint
ventures, partnerships,
and establishing branch
companies
(1)Cross border supply: No commitments for
wholesale services;
No commitments in retail, except for mail-order
services;
(2)Commercial Presence: (2.1) For Taiwan
businesses that have over 30 stores in total in
China providing the same kind of services, Taiwan
businesses must not invest more than 65%. (2.2) To
Taiwan businesses establishing distribution
publishing enterprises in China, the lowest demand
of funds registered follow the example of China’s
businesses.
(3)Consignee: Not opened.
27. 5.3 The Unequal Terms of the Agreement:
Ex. Social Services
27
Sector
What Taiwan Promises to
Open Up For China
What China Promises to Open Up For
Taiwan
Social
Services
Allows China businesses to
establish via joint ventures
in welfare institutions for
the elderly and the disabled.
Allows Taiwan businesses to establish
nursing homes and welfare institutions
for the disabled by exclusively-investing,
privately-operated, non-profit
organizations in Fujian and Guangdong
Province.
Taiwan regulates that welfare institutions cannot be for making profit, but
allows China to invest in joint ventures in Taiwan. Does this mean that the
government has abandoned the responsibility to maintain social equity, sacrificing the
basic rights of the people, and push social welfare towards making profit and
privatization?
China, on the other hand, only opens up Fujian and Guangdong province for Taiwan,
and even limit it for “exclusively-investing, privately-owned, non-profit organizations”
for non-profit welfare institutions. The pact has unequal terms!
28. China does not allow Taiwan to invest in funeral homes that can
cremate, plus China’s burial laws are ancient and unclear and
has too may unwritten rules. Taiwan businesses can only look
on from the sidelines.
5.3 The Unequal Terms of the Agreement:
Ex. Funeral Services
28
Sector
What Taiwan Promises to Open
Up For China
What China Promises to Open
Up For Taiwan
Funeral
Services
Allows China businesses to
establish funeral homes and
crematoriums via exclusive
investments and join ventures
Allows Taiwan funeral services
to invest in funeral and burial
related facilities via joint
ventures and exclusive
investments except for funeral
homes that are able to cremate
Many of the service modes in the pact are
completely unequal.
29. 5.4 Unequal Agreement that is Harmful to National
Interests
29
China pretends to open up to Taiwan, but it actually limits our
businesses in the area of cross-border services. As our funds and
personnel outflow to China, it will hollow out Taiwan’s economy.
On the other hand, Taiwan does not have many restrictions
towards China. The unequal terms of the pact will seriously harm
our rights and benefits.
China is the winner of this pact. Not only does it match up with
its own 12th 5-year plans, China vigorously attract the
professional experts; in the areas they need. As for the ones
Taiwan has competitiveness in, they limit the areas to Fujian
province.
Our government is blind to the political ambition of the items
opened, abandoning our disadvantaged industries, freedom of
speech, individual privacy, and national interests,
opening up beauty and hairdressing, retail and
wholesale, telecommunications, printing,
important transportation services.
30. 5.5 The Terms China Gives to Taiwan Are
Inferior in Comparison to Other Countries
30
Take computer services for example: The commitment China gives to Taiwan is inferior in
comparison to other countries, and even inferior than China’s commitment given to join
the WTO in 2001. At that time China was still not a developed country, so there were few
opening items and many strict restrictions. If the industries in the service trade pact
agreement aren’t included, we will face more unwritten rules and limitations entering
China’s market.
原文網址: 服貿公聽會 李淳嗆鄭秀玲「反對妳就是牛神鬼怪?」 | 政治新聞 | NOWnews
今日新聞網 http://www.nownews.com/2013/10/24/301-2999419.htm#ixzz2icZ9do00
Ex. Computer
Service
Taiwan
gives to
China via
the pact
China
gives to
Taiwan
via the
pact
China
opens
up to
Hong
Kong
China opens up to
ASEAN, Chile, Pakistan,
Singapore, New Zealand,
Peru, Costa Rica,
Switzerland
China’s
commitment
when China
joined the
WTO in 2001
a. Hardware
Consultation
b. Software
Execution
c. Information
Management
d. Data Base
e. Others
31. Take computer services for example: Taiwan opens every item in the
agreement, but China only opens up “software execution” to Taiwan.
In other words, we opened up five items in exchange for one of
China’s. It’s obviously unsymmetrical.
Except for computer services, traveling services (see chart below)are
also facing similar situation. Overall, in all the FTA China signed, the
areas and level China opens up to Taiwan via the pact is in the back
end (#8 out of 10).
31
Ex.
Traveling
Services
Taiwan
gives to
China via
the pact
China
gives
to
Taiwan
via the
pact
China
gives to
Hong
Kong
China opens for Pakistan,
Singapore, New Zealand,
Peru, Costa Rica,
Switzerland
China’s
commitment
when China
joined the
WTO in 2001
a. Hotels
b. Catering
c. Traveling
Agencies
5.5 The Terms China Gives to Taiwan Are Inferior in
Comparison to Other Countries (Continued)
32. 6. Conclusion
6.1 Dispute Settlement Should Be
Placed Before Service Trade Pact
6.2 Guidelines for Renegotiation
6.3 Specific Recommendations for
Renegotiation
32
33. 6. Conclusion: Dispute Settlement Should Be
Placed Before Service Trade Pact
33
According to clause 10 of ECFA, before the dispute
settlement takes effect, any explanation, disputes, or
practice to carry out of the pact should be solved by
consultation of both sides. In other words, the dispute
settlement currently lacks an impartial arbitrator.
With only consultation of both sides, strength decides
everything. This problem is magnified between China and
Taiwan. The investment agreement the two signed last
year became nominal because a dispute settlement could
not be reached, and Taiwanese businessmen in China are
still unprotected. So, we emphasize: facing China, dispute
settlement must come before services trade pact to be
signed!
34. 6. Conclusion:
6.2 Guidelines for Renegotiation
34
Taiwan still has control over to what extent to open up to China
with the law now (大陸地區人民來臺投資許可辦法), and the
terms are easy to change; However, the pact can only become
more open, and cannot be changed within three years.
The unsymmetrical pact will seriously harm the lives and
livelihood of our people, and we strongly urge the government
to immediately stop this pact. This will affect the democratic
freedom, national interests, disadvantaged industries, and
welfare of Taiwan, so we should renegotiate with China like how
the US did with Korea, and fight for gradual and equal terms.
The service trade pact is not a fight between the DPP and KMT,
but a problem concerning the livelihood and quality of lifestyle
of the people. Everyone must stand up to protect their own
interest and rights.
35. 6. Conclusion:
6.2 Guidelines for Renegotiation (Continued)
35
Ever since Hong Kong and China signed the CEPA in
2003, they have opened the door to China step by
step via supplement agreements (signed the 10th
supplement in August, 2013)Taiwan government
can take Hong Kong’s experience into account and
open up gradually. No need to do it all at once and
devastate every profession and national security!
36. 6. Conclusion:
6.3 Specific Recommendations for Renegotiation
Draw the Line(Continued)
36
1) Computer and related services (Harm impartiality of the web):
information processing services (portal management) and data
base services
2) Other commerce services (affect national security): advertising
services, market research services, scientific technology, printing
services, mailing list editing services, etc.
3) Telecommunications services (affect national security): express
delivery services, second type of telecommunications special
services
4) Construction and related engineering services (affect national
security): civil engineering
Items that should be Removed
37. 6. Conclusion:
6.3 Specific Recommendations for Renegotiation
Draw the Line(Continued)
37
5) Retail Services (affect national security): stationary,
books, and herbal medicine etc., special items
6) Health and Social Services (Harms welfare of all
citizens): hospital services, social services
7) Transportation services (affect national security):
shipping services, aviation CFS management, highway
merchandise transportation, warehousing services ,etc
8) Others (harms disadvantaged industries):Laundry
services, beauty and hairdressing services
Items that should be Removed
38. 6. Conclusion: 6.3 Specific Recommendations for Renegotiation
Fight for Equity (Continued)
38
What Taiwan Promises to Open Up For China
What China Promises to
Open Up For Taiwan
Computer and related services
Hardware consultation related services
Information processing services (portal management)
Data base services
Others
╳ (not listed)
Rental services with no operators
Aircraft sales and marketing services
Small car rental
Other mechanics and equipment rentals
╳
Other commerce services
Advertising services
Management consulting services
Consulting attached to livestock industry
Consulting attached to mining services
Consulting services related to scientific technology
Equipment maintenance services
Packaging services
Mailing list editing services
╳
39. 6. Conclusion: 6.3 Specific Recommendations for Renegotiation
Fight for Equity (Continued)
39
What Taiwan Promises to Open Up For China
What China Promises
to Open Up For
Taiwan
Telecommunication services
Delivery services (land)
Second type of telecommunications special services
╳
Retail services-consignee ╳
Tourism and travel-related services- hotels and restaurants ╳
Recreational, cultural, and sports-related services
Other-amusement parks and theme parks (national forest parks) ╳
Transportation services
Shipping services highway merchandise transportation
Aviation CFS management
Highway merchandise transportation- tourists transportation,
transportation equipment maintenance, gondola
Warehousing and storage services
╳
Others
Laundry and color-dyeing services
Hairdressing and beauty services
╳
40. 6. Conclusion: 6.3 Specific Recommendations for Renegotiation
Fight for Equity (Continued)
40
1) Commerce services: rental services with no operators (aircrafts,
small cars, other machines and equipment rentals)
2) Other commercial services: management consulting services,
equipment maintenance, photography, packaging, translating,
technical checking and analyzing services, etc.
3) Telecommunication: electronic commerce
4) Retail services: wholesale and retail services
5) Tourism and travel-related services: hotels and catering
6) Transportation services: management and marketing of aviation
services, highway transportation equipment maintenance,
gondola equipment mantenance
7) Others: funeral homes and cermatoriums
Items that we should fight for to be opened
41. 41
Service trade pact is not the only solution to improve Taiwan’s
economy. Prof. Thung-Hong Lin (林宗弘) of the Academia
Sinica, pointed out in his research that, with the expansion of
trade with China in the past thirty years, Taiwan’s actual wages
have been stagnant, unemployment rate rose, and poverty gap
worsen.
Taiwan’s biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, and
cloud computing-related industries boast many specialists and
expert technology. The government should create more jobs and
improve economic development via cooperation with developed
countries, law and system reforms, and the establishment of a
platform between university and enterprises.