Jewellery is a personal ornament made from precious metals, gems, or other materials. It has been used for currency, wealth display, functional purposes like clasps, symbolism to show status or membership, protection through amulets, and artistic display in fashion. Modern jewellery commonly uses gold, silver, platinum, and other materials like glass, wood, shells, clay, and plastics. Jewellery takes many forms like necklaces, rings, bracelets, crowns, and serves various symbolic purposes in different cultures and time periods.

2. What is it?
Jewellery (jewelry in American
English) is a personal
ornament, such as a
necklace, ring, or bracelet,
made from jewels, precious
metals or other substance.

3. Materials and methods
Modern jewellery usually
includes gold, white gold,
platinum, palladium, or silver.
Other commonly used
materials include glass, such
as fused glass or enamel;
wood, often carved or turned;
shells and other natural
animal substances such as
bone and ivory; natural clay;
polymer clay; and even
plastics.

4. • Jewellery made from
natural materials.

5. • from hairpins to toe
rings

6. Juwellery made from wire

7. • Jewish Star of David
• Christian crucifix
• crucifix carved by hand from
linden wood

8. Form and function
Jewellery has been used
for a number of reasons:
•Currency, wealth display
and storage,
•Functional use (such as
clasps, pins, and
buckles)
•Symbolism (to show
membership or status)
•Protection (in the form of
amulets and magical
wards), and
•Artistic display (fashion)

9. Crowns and other symbols
of status.

10. The mood ring.
• The "stone" in a mood ring is,
essentially, thermotropic crystals
covered or surrounded by glass.
The crystals then reflect different
wavelengths of light, thereby
changing the color of the ring.
• Black:, Stressed, tense or feeling
harried
• Grey: Anxious, very nervous,
strained
• Amber: A little Nervous, emotions
mixed, unsettled
• Green: Average reading. Active, not
under great stress
• Blue-green: Emotionally charged,
somewhat relaxed
• Blue: Relaxed, at ease, calm
• Dark blue/Purple: happy, romantic,
passion, in love

11. • A class ring (also
known as a graduate,
senior ring, or grad,
ring) is a ring worn by
students and alumni to
commemorate their
graduation, generally
for a high school,
college, or university.

12. Amulets and magical wards.
• A magic ring is an
article of jewelry that
appears frequently in
fantasy and fairytale.
They are found in the
folklore of every
country where ring-
wearing is known.

13. Medallions and medals.
• A medallion is a piece of
metal, usually carved or
engraved; circular (like a
coin) and large, that is
used as a work of art,
souvenir, medal, or worn
on the body as a special
symbol or as a fashion
accesory on a necklace
(see pendant).

14. Cufflinks.
• A cufflink (also cuff link
or cuff-link) is a
decorative fastener worn
by men or women to
fasten the two sides of the
cuff on a dress shirt or
blouse.

15. Fabergé Eggs.
• It was only in the late 19th century,
with the work of such masters as
Peter Carl Fabergé and René
Lalique, that art began to take
primacy over function and wealth.
This trend has continued into
modern times, expanded upon by
artists such as Robert Lee Morris.

16. Works of René Lalique.

17. Works of Robert Lee Morris

18. Beads.
• Beads can be
woven together
with specialized
thread, strung
onto thread or
wire, or adhered
to a surface (e.g.
fabric, clay).

19. Diamonds
Diamonds, long considered
the most prized of
gemstones, were first
mined in; Currently, Africa
and Canada rank among the
primary sources.

20. Metal finishes
• For platinum, gold, and
silver jewellery there are
many different
techniques to create
different finishes. The
most common however
are: high-polish,
satin/matte, brushed, and
hammered.

21. Impact on society
By the mid 1940s, 85% of weddings
in the U.S. featured a double-ring
ceremony, up from 15% in the
1920s. Religion has also played a
role: Islam, for instance, considers
the wearing of gold by men as a
social taboo, and many religions
have edicts against excessive
display.

22. Tiffany & Co`s wedding rings.
• Tiffany & Co. is a
jewelry and silverware
company founded by
Charles Lewis Tiffany
and John B. Young in
New York City in 1837.
Tiffany & Co has since
opened stores in major
cities all over the
world.

23. Rome
• Although they used gold,
they sometimes used bronze
or bone and in earlier times,
glass beads & pearl. As early
as 2,000 years ago, they
imported Sri Lankan
sapphires and Indian
diamonds and used
emeralds and amber in their
jewellery. In Roman-ruled
England, fossilized wood
called jet from Northern
England was often carved
into pieces of jewellery.

24. Brooches.
• A brooch (also known as
broach or in ancient times,
a fibula) is a decorative
jewelry item designed to be
attached to garments. It is
usually made of metal,
often silver or gold but
sometimes bronze or some
other material.

25. Middle Ages
• Clothing fasteners,
amulets, and to a
lesser extent signet
rings are the most
common artifacts
known to us;
• By the 8th century,
jeweled weaponry was
common for men.

26. The Renaissance
• Whereas prior to this the
working of gold and precious
metal had been at the
forefront of jewellery, this
period saw increasing
dominance of gemstones
and their settings.

27. Romanticism
• Perhaps the most
significant influences were
the public’s fascination
with the treasures being
discovered through the
birth of modern
archaeology, and the
fascination with Medieval
and Renaissance art.
• Changing social conditions
and the onset of the
industrial revolution also
lead to growth of a middle
class that wanted and could
afford jewellery.

28. Modern
• Modern jewellery has never
been as diverse as it is in the
present day. The advent of
new materials, such as
plastics, Precious Metal Clay
(PMC) and different colouring
techniques, has led to
increased variety in styles.
• The "jewellery as art"
movement, spearheaded by
artisans such as Robert Lee
Morris, has kept jewellery on
the leading edge of artistic
design.

29. “Bling-bling” style..

30. Artisan jewellery.

31. Body modification
• Padaung women in Myanmar
place large golden rings
around their necks. From as
early as 5 years old, girls are
introduced to their first neck
ring. Over the years, more
rings are added. In addition
to the twenty-plus pounds of
rings on her neck, a woman
will also wear just as many
rings on her calves too.
• Lip plates are worn by the
African Mursi and Sara
people, as well as some
South American peoples.

32. Other examples of body
modifications.

33. Earrings and piercing.
• Nose piercing
• Tongue piercing
• Hand piercing
• Ears piercing

34. Research
What is jewellery for modern people?
4%
7%
2%
8% 79%
Currency, wealth display and storage,
Functional use (such as clasps, pins, and buckles)
Artistic display (fashion)
Symbolism (to show membership or status)
Protection (in the form of amulets and magical wards)

35. The criterions of the selection of the
jewellery by children and teenagers.
The criterions of the selection of
adornments by women from the age of 10
to 18
4% 2%
38%
45%
11%
Elegance Luxury Fashion Quality Price

36. The criterions of the selection of the
jewellery by middle aged people.
12%
19%
19%
41%
10%
Elegance Luxury Fashion Quality Price

37. The criterions of the selection of the
jewellery by elderly people.
4%
25%
40%
21%
10%
Elegance Luxury Fashion Quality Price

38. The end.