This document provides information on different types of essays, including their definitions, parts, and guidelines for writing them. It discusses descriptive, narrative, expository, argumentative, and persuasive essays. For each type, it outlines their key elements and provides tips for how to structure the introduction, body, and conclusion. The overall document serves as a teaching tool for understanding various essay formats and how to effectively construct essays.

1. Teaching Essay

2. What is an Essay?
● Is a short non-fiction, non-
imaginary work about a subject.
● Classified by tone and style as formal
or informal.
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3. Three MAin PArts
of an Essay
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4. Introduction
It is the opening part of the writeup that shows the
topic sentence of the essay or the thesis statement. It
prepares the readers on the essay. Therefore, it should
be effective so that the readers are encourage/
motivated to continue reading.
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5. How to write your Introduction?
1. Begin with something that can catch your reader's’ attention,
but at the same time, it must be connected to your topic.
- Use a question, a quote, or a controversial statement (which you
will explain later on).
2. Give general details first. You can go into specific details later on
in the BODY section.
3. State your main idea then state your supporting ideas: ​"I believe
that <main idea>, because <supporting idea>, <supporting
idea>, and <supporting idea>."
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6. Body
An essay includes body
paragraphs, which develop the main
idea (thesis or claim) of the essay.
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7. How to write your Body?
1. Create a paragraph for EACH of the supporting
ideas that you identified. (You can refer to your
outline if this helps.)
2. Don’t forget to provide examples for each of
the supporting ideas that you will tackle.
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8. Conclusion
An essay ends with a brief
conclusion, which brings the essay to
a logical end
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9. How to write your Conclusion?
1. Be Brief.
2. Restate your thesis Statement
3. Cite your references.
4. Summarize your main point in one sentence.
5. End with call to action.
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10. Elements of
an Essay
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11. ✖ Audience- It refers to whom the essay is
intended for.
✖ Purpose- It refers to the intention or goal in
writing the essay.
✖ Subject- It is the topic discussed in the essay.
✖ Point of view- It is the how the ideas are told to
the reader.
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12. ✖ Theme- It refers to the lesson or message of
the essay.
✖ Mood- It refers to the feeling which the writer
would like the reader to experience or get from
the literary work.
✖ Tone- It is the attitude of the writer towards
his/her subject
✖ Style- This is the special way in which the ideas
of the essay are developed.
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13. TYPES OF AN ESSAY
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14. Descriptive Essay
What is a Descriptive Essay?
- A descriptive essay gives a detailed description of the
topic and paints a picture with words in the reader’s
mind.
- It seems similar to writing a narrative essay but it is
different and presents different points of view.
- It is used to sharpen the analytical abilities of the
students, which is helpful in further education and
professional life.
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15. Sensory Details - It involves arousing the emotions of the
readers and creating an association with them. They paint
a picture of the subject for the reader and engage their
senses like sight, touch, smell, and taste.
Figurative Language- Using figurative language is one of
the main elements of a descriptive essay. The use of
metaphors, similes, adjectives, and adverbs, etc. creates
the character sketch of the subject. This sketch helps the
readers feel what the writer felt about the subject and
helps him visualize the subject.
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Elements of a Descriptive Essay

16. Central Theme- The central theme shapes and directs the
essay’s content and helps organize the details. It should be well
defined and focused on a single point.
Precise Language- The effect of your essay depends on the type
of language that you have used in it. The language should
emphasize the main theme and aim of the essay. Therefore,
avoid using vague and ambiguous words.
Organize your Ideas- An organized structure is an essential
element of this essay. Also, the chronology, spatial location, and
order play an important role.
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17. How to Write a Descriptive Essay
➔ Choose a topic
➔ Create an Outline
➔ Write a Descriptive Essay Introduction
➔ Craft an Informative Thesis Statement
➔ Compose Body Paragraphs
➔ Write a Strong Descriptive Essay Conclusion
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18. Narrative Essay
What is a Narrative Essay?
- Refers to the narration of a study or experience by the
writer.
- It is usually written in the first person and expounds on
the main topic with detail.
- The purpose of writing a narrative essay is to indulge the
reader in the personal experience of the writer.
- The topic can be an event, a story, an incident, to the
reader.
- Your aim is to explain it with such detail that readers feel
as if they were with you at that time.
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19. Narrative Essay Format
A typical 5 paragraph narrative essay has one introduction,
three main body, and one conclusion paragraph. If needed,
you can change the number of body paragraphs according to
the topic.
It usually has these five elements:
➔ Plot
➔ Characters
➔ Setting
➔ Conflict
➔ Theme
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20. Following are different ways to start the essay:
● Start with a mystery.
● Use a quote from someone famous to catch your reader’s
attention.
● Add a funny or moving anecdote.
● Ask questions; in this way, your writing will feel direct and
more personal.
● Start with a shocking statement or statistics that makes
readers curious.
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21. I. Introduction
A. The hook statement
B. Scene Setting
C. The thesis statement
II. Body
A. Vivid description
B. Dialogues
C. Characters involved
D. Chronological order
E. Climax
III. Conclusion
A. The moral of the story
B. The lesson that you have learned from the story (if any)
C. A call to action (if required)
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Narrative Essay Outline

22. Expository Essay
What is an Expository Essay?
- The expository essay is a genre of academic writing that
discusses a topic in detail
- It explains the main topic by providing the information in
chronological order.
- This type of essay aims to provide the reader with all the
information that they need to understand a topic easily.
- It is a type of essay in which a writer investigates the topic
by evaluating the evidence to explain, clarify, and
illustrate the idea in a way that it becomes clear for the
reader.
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23. Features of an Expository Essay
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24. Types of Expository Essay
➔ Compare and contrast essay: It is a type of essay that
compares and contrasts two things.
➔ Cause and effect essay: This essay tries to find out the
causes of somethings and its effects on something.
➔ Process essay: This essay explains the process of making
or doing something.
➔ Problem and solution essay: This essay presents a problem
and provides its possible solutions.
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25. Types of Expository Essay
➔ Classification essay: In this essay, the topic is divided into
categories. The examples, ideas, and characters defined for
each category in the form of groups.
➔ Definition essay: This essay defines what the topic exactly
means. A definition essay provides clear and specific
information about the topic and uses examples to clarify it.
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26. Expository Essay Format
I. Introduction
A. captivating hook statement
B. Brief background information
C. An intriguing thesis statement
II. Body
A. Body paragraph 1: First main point, its supporting
evidence and transition to the second body paragraph
B. Body paragraph 2: Second main point, its supporting
evidence and transition to the third body paragraph
C. Body paragraph 3: Third main point, its supporting
evidence and transition to the conclusion
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27. Expository Essay Format
III. Conclusion
A. Reinstate the thesis statement
B. Summarize all the main points
C. Provide a good message
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28. How to Write an Expository Essay
1. Choose an expository essay topic
2. Create an expository essay outline
3. Write the introduction
4. Prepare the body paragraphs
5. Craft a compelling conclusion
6. Revise your essay
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29. Argumentative Essay
➔ An argumentative essay is a genre of essay in
which the writer takes a strong stance on an
issue to convince the reader and win them over
to their ideology.
➔ It is similar to a persuasive essay; the only
difference is, it is based on logic and evidence.
Whereas, a persuasive essay is based on the
writer’s emotions and personal opinion.
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30. Argumentative Essay Structure
An argumentative essay format follows these three
major models:
● Classical
● Toulmin
● Rogerian
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31. Argumentative Essay Structure
Classical Stucture
In the classical model, the writer tries to convince
the reader with his/her side of the argument. The
writer discusses both sides of the argument and
then presents the evidence to support his claim.
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32. Argumentative Essay Structure
Toulmin Model
Founded by Philosopher Stephen E. Toulmin, the
Toulmin model presents evidence that makes it
difficult to argue with a claim. Rather than
presenting both sides of the argument, it only
presents one.
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33. Argumentative Essay Structure
Rogerian Model
Founded by Psychologist Carl Rogers, the Rogerian model
is also known as a common ground argument model. It
acknowledges both sides of the argument and provides a
middle ground.
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34. Argumentative Essay Outline
I. Introduction
A. Hook statement
B. Background information on the topic
C. Thesis statement
II. Body Paragraphs
A. Purpose
B. Topic sentence
C. Evidence
D. Concluding statement
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35. Argumentative Essay Outline
III. Counter Argument
A. State the counter-arguments
B. State your response
C. Refute the opposing claims
D. Conclusion
IV.Conclusion
A. Summarize entire discussion
B. Provide Call to action
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36. Persuasive Essay
➔ It is a type of essay where a writer chooses a
position and convinces the audience about it. Such
a particular point of view is supported by strong
evidence throughout the body of the essay.
➔ It demonstrates why the author’s viewpoint is
correct and discusses why the opposing argument
is incorrect.
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37. Persuasive Essay
The following aspects are required to write a good
persuasive essay.
➔ In-depth research
➔ Knowledge about the target audience
➔ A clear understanding of both sides of the issue
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38. Persuasive Essay Format
Introduction
● Hook
● Thesis Statement
● Background Information
Body Paragraphs (3-5 paragraphs)
● Argument 1 with supporting
evidence
● Argument 2 with supporting
evidence
● Antithesis paragraph with
supporting evidence
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Conclusion
● Summary of main
points
● Restate thesis
statement
● Call to action
● Recommendation

39. How to Start a Persuasive Essay?
➔ Always start your essay with an exciting and engaging
hook statement.
➔ Set the tone by planning your essay in the beginning.
➔ Refer to an interesting quote, question, or fact related
to the concept of your essay.
➔ Brainstorm and outline the ideas for the introduction.
➔ Avoid boring and cliche essay templates.
➔ Do not start with writing common knowledge.
➔ Mention your position concerning the issue.
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40. How to Write a Persuasive Essay?
➔ Prewrite the Essay
➔ Select Good Persuasive Essay Topics
➔ Choose Your Perspective
➔ Understand the Target Audience
➔ Identify the Strongest Evidence
➔ Develop a Well-Structured Outline
➔ Write the Rough Draft
➔ Proofread Your Persuasive Essay
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