EAAP

1. ENGLISH FOR
ACADEMIC AND
PROFESSIONAL
PURPOSES

2. ACADEMIC LANGUAGE
USED FROM VARIOUS
DISCIPLINES
LESSON 1.

3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
AT THE END OF THE LESSONS, YOU WILL BE ABLE TO:
1. DIFFERENTIATE LANGUAGE USED IN ACADEMIC TEXTS FROM VARIOUS
DISCIPLINES.
2. DETERMINE THE STRUCTURE OF A SPECIFIC ACADEMIC TEXT.
3. EXPLAIN THE SPECIFIC IDEAS CONTAINED IN VARIOUS ACADEMIC
TEXTS.
4. USE KNOWLEDGE OF TEXT STRUCTURE TO GLEAN THE INFORMATION
HE/SHE NEEDS.
5. USE VARIOUS TECHNIQUES IN SUMMARIZING A VARIETY OF
ACADEMIC TEXTS.

4. •Language Is Crucial For Communication. It Is Being
Used As Part Of Our Everyday Lives. You Have To
Use It At Home, In School And In The Future, Your
Workplace. For Each Of These, The Language That
We Use Varies. This Means The Way We
Communicate At Home And At School Requires Us To
Choose Words That Are Appropriate.

6. WHAT IS ACADEMIC TEXT?

7. •An Academic Text Is A Written Language That
Provides Information, Which Contain Ideas And
Concepts That Are Related To The Particular
Discipline. Essay, Research Paper, Report,
Project, Article, Thesis, And Dissertation Are
Considered As Academic Texts.

8. NATURE AND
CHARACTERISTICS OF AN
ACADEMIC TEXT

9. •STRUCTURE
The Basic Structure That Is Used By An Academic
Text Is Consist Of Three (3) Parts Introduction, Body,
And Conclusion Which Is Formal And Logical. This
Kind Of Structure Enables The Reader To Follow The
Argument And Navigate The Text.

10. •TONE
This Refers To The Attitude Conveyed
In A Piece Of Writing. The Arguments
Of Others Are Fairly Presented And
With An Appropriate Narrative Tone.

11. •LANGUAGE
 IT IS IMPORTANT TO USE UNAMBIGUOUS
LANGUAGE. CLEAR TOPIC SENTENCES ENABLE A
READER TO FOLLOW YOUR LINE OF THINKING
WITHOUT DIFFICULTY. FORMAL LANGUAGE AND
THE THIRD PERSON POINT OF-VIEW SHOULD BE
USED.

12. •CITATION
Citing Sources In The Body Of The Paper
And Providing A List Of References As
Either Footnotes Or Endnotes Is A Very
Important Aspect Of An Academic Text.

13. •COMPLEXITY
An Academic Text Addresses
Complex Issues That Require Higher-
order Thinking Skills To Comprehend.

14. •EVIDENCE-BASED ARGUMENTS
What Is Valued In An Academic Text Is That
Opinions Are Based On A Sound Understanding
Of The Pertinent Body Of Knowledge And
Academic Debates That Exist Within, And Often
External To A Specific Discipline.

15. •THESIS-DRIVEN
The Starting Point Of An Academic Text Is A
Particular Perspective, Idea Or Position Applied
To The Chosen Research Problem, Such As
Establishing, Proving, Or Disproving Solutions To
The Questions Posed For The Topic.

16. FEATURES OF ACADEMIC
TEXTS:

17. •1. COMPLEX
-Written Language Has No Longer Words, It Is
Lexically More Varied Vocabulary.
- Written Texts Are Shorter And The Language
Has More Grammatical Complexity, Including
More Subordinate Clauses And More Passives.

18. •2. FORMAL
-Should Avoid Colloquial Words And
Expressions.
3. PRECISE
- Facts Are Given Accurately And Precisely.

19. •4. OBJECTIVE
-Has Fewer Words That Emphasize On The
Information You Want To Give And The
Arguments You Want To Make
- Mostly Use Nouns (Adjectives), Rather Than
Verbs (Adverbs)

20. •5. EXPLICIT
- It Is The Responsibility Of The Writer
In English To Make It Clear To The
Reader How The Various Parts Of The
Text Are Related.

21. •6. ACCURATE
- Uses Vocabulary Accurately
- Most Subjects Have Words With Narrow Specific
Meanings.
7. HEDGING
- It Is Necessary To Make Decisions About Your Stance On A
Particular Subject, Or The Strength Of The Claims You Are
Making.

22. •8. RESPONSIBLE
- You Must Be Responsible For And Must Be Able To Provide
Evidence And Justification For Any Claims You Make.
•9. ORGANIZE
- Well-organized.
- - It Flows Easily From One Section To The Next In A Logical
Fashion.

23. •10. PLAN
-Well-planned.
- It Usually Takes Place After Research And
Evaluation, According To Specific Purpose
And Plan.

24. • PURPOSES IN READING AN ACADEMIC TEXT
1. To Locate A Main Idea;
2. To Scan For Information;
3. To Identify Gaps In Existing Studies;
4. To Connect New Ideas To Existing Ones;
5. To Gain More Pieces Of Information;
6. To Support A Particular Writing Assignment; And,
7. To Deeply Understand An Existing Idea.

25. ACADEMIC LANGUAGE

26. • ACADEMIC LANGUAGE
Is The Language Needed By Students To Do The Work In Schools.
It Includes,
For Example, Discipline-specific Vocabulary, Grammar And
Punctuation, And Applications Of Rhetorical Conventions And
Devices That Are Typical For A Content Area (E.G., Essays, Lab
Reports, Discussions Of A Controversial Issue.) Students Who
Master Academic Language Are More Likely To Be Successful In
Academic And Professional Settings.

27. •SOCIAL LANGUAGE
Is The Set Of Vocabulary That Allows
Us To Communicate With Others In The
Context Of Regular Daily
Conversations.

29. CHARACTERISTICS OF
ACADEMIC LANGUAGE

30. •A. FORMAL
-It Should Not Sound Conversational Or Casual.
Colloquial, Idiomatic, Slang Or Journalistic
Expressions Should Particularly Be Avoided.

31. •B. OBJECTIVE
- This Means It Is Unbiased. It Should Be
Based On Facts And Evidence And Are
Not Influenced By Personal Feelings.

32. •C. IMPERSONAL
-This Involves Avoiding The Personal Pronouns ‘I’
And ‘We’.
-For Example, Instead Of Writing ‘I Will Show’,
You Might Write ‘This Report Will Show’. The
Second Person, ‘You’, Is Also To Be Avoided.

33. WHAT IS ACADEMIC
WRITING?

34. •Saqueton & Uychoco (2016)
•Defined Academic Writing As “A Process That Starts
With Posing A Question, Problematizing A Concept,
Evaluating And Opinion, And Ends In Answering The
Questions Or Question Posed Clarifying The
Problem, And/Or Arguing For A Stand”.

35. WHAT ARE EXAMPLES OF
ACADEMIC WRITING?

36. •Examples Of Academic Texts Include Essay,
Concept Paper, Reaction Paper, Reaction Paper,
Position Paper, Education Reports And Research
Paper. What Are The Factors To Consider When
Doing Academic Writing?