ENG 3107 Writing for the Professions—Business & Social Scienc.docx

ENG 3107: Writing for the Professions—Business & Social
Sciences
Rev.6.26.18
Project 2: Memorandum
Your Strategies for Recommendation Report
OWL Draft Due Date:
Final Draft Setup Requirement:
• Polished, properly formatted, 2-page memorandum, that
begins with a standard
memo heading section that contains To, From, Subject, and Date
• 12-point Times New Roman font
• Single-spaced lines
• 1st or 3rd person point of view
WHAT: Write a 2-page memorandum (memo) addressed to your
course instructor as its
intended audience. The goal of your memo is to persuade your
instructor to approve your
strategies for constructing your Recommendation Report, where
you will identify a problem
within a specific company or organization and persuade a
specific audience to take action.
You must use the Rhetorical Structure outlined in the HOW
section below.

NOTE: Rather than draft a shorter version of your
Recommendation Report, describe what you
intend to do to create your Recommendation Report as written
below.
HOW: BRAINSTORM: Here are some suggestions from
Contemporary Business Communications
(Houghton Mifflin, 2009) to prompt your thinking about
possible topics for the
Recommendation Report as you develop this memo assignment
(the term "ABC company" is a
generic name and cannot be used for the assignment):
• comparison of home pages on the Internet for ABC industry
• dress policy for the ABC company
• buying versus leasing computers at ABC company or
university
• developing a diversity training program at ABC company
• encouraging the use of mass transit at ABC company or
university
• establishing a recycling policy at ABC company
• evaluating a charity for corporate giving at ABC company
• recommending a site for the annual convention of ABC
association
• starting an employee newsletter at ABC company
• starting an onsite wellness program at ABC company or
university
• best online source for office supplies at ABC company
• best shipping service (e.g. UPS, USPS, FedEx)
• most appropriate laptop computer for ABC company managers
who travel
Sciences

Rev.6.26.18
RHETORICAL STRUCTURE: Use the subheadings in bold
below in your memo.
• Description: What problem or challenge will you address in
your Recommendation
Report? Provide an overview in two or three sentences,
explaining why the memo has
been written. Why is the problem/challenge important to
address?
• Objective: What should your audience know and do/change as
a result of your
Recommendation Report?
• Information: What evidence will you will need to gather to
support your
recommendations in the Recommendation Report? Where do
you think you will find
this information? How will this information help you persuade
your reader of your
recommendation? (Do not conduct any research for this memo
assignment, just
describe your research plans.)
• Audience: Who is the audience for your Recommendation
Report (e.g.: your boss, a
community organization, etc.) Why might your audience
oppose your
recommendation? If your audience implements your
recommendation, what demands,
pressures, and expectations (financial, social, political,

personal, etc.) might your
audience encounter as a result of your recommendation?
• Conclusion: What are the next step(s) in the development of
your Recommendation
Report? When will you complete the next step(s)? This section
will probably be a single
paragraph in length.
REVISE the entire document several times to ensure you have
conveyed your thoughts clearly,
you have developed your paragraphs with details, facts, reasons,
examples or evidence, and
you have shown logical transitions from one paragraph to the
next.
EDIT: Print your essay and read it aloud to check your
spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
REMEMBER to SUBMIT your draft(s) to your WRITING
SPECIALIST in your Online Writing LAB
(ENG 3108). Your OWL WRITING SPECIALIST will help you
develop a polished, well-crafted final
version of your work.
WHY: This assignment strengthens your ability to analyze,
synthesize, and
evaluate main ideas. It demonstrates writing as a process that
requires substantive revision,
and it promotes communication skills aimed at a specific
audience about a particular subject
while advancing your understanding of your strengths as a
writer of effective business
documents.

Knowing how to write a professional memo benefits you in
other ways, too.
Sciences
Rev.6.26.18
• Employees often need a more formal document than an email
or other form of
communication. You develop your skills in brevity, clarity, and
professionalism
to communicate to supervisors and colleagues.
• Since much of our daily communication relies on body
language and voice tone,
two things unavailable via memo formatting, you need to
develop skills in careful
choice of words and presentation to communicate needs and
ideas.
Academic Integrity Resources:
Please view this link to learn how to format in-text citations or
make a references page:
https://guides.lib.unc.edu/citing-information/apa-intext
Please view this link to learn what plagiarism is and how to
avoid it:
http://subjectguides.lib.neu.edu/plagiarism

Chi_Sq_DATAEmployee_RefPromotedManagement_Training_P
rogram1NoNo2YesYes3NoNo4YesYes5NoNo6NoNo7YesYes8Y
esYes9YesYes10YesYes11NoNo12NoNo13YesYes14NoNo15Ye
sNo16YesYes17NoYes18YesYes19YesYes20YesYes21YesYes2
2YesYes23NoNo24YesYes25NoNo26YesYes27NoNo28YesYes
29YesYes30NoNo31NoNo32YesYes33YesYes34NoNo35YesYe
s36NoNo37YesYes38NoNo39YesYes40NoNo41NoNo42YesYes
43YesYes44YesYes45YesYes46NoNo47NoNo48NoNo49YesNo
50YesYes51YesYes52YesYes53YesYes54YesYes55NoNo56Yes
Yes57NoNo58YesYes59NoNo60NoNo61YesYes62YesYes63Ye
sYes64YesYes65NoNo66YesYes67NoNo68NoNo69NoNo70No
No71NoNo72NoNo73YesYes74NoYes75NoNo76NoNo77NoNo7
8YesYes79NoYes80YesYes81YesYes82NoYes83NoNo84NoNo
85NoNo86NoNo87NoNo88NoNo89NoNo90YesYes91NoNo92Y
esYes93NoYes94YesYes95YesNo96YesYes97YesYes98YesYes
99NoNo100NoNo101NoNo102YesYes103YesYes104YesYes105
YesYes106YesYes107YesYes108YesYes109NoNo110YesYes11
1NoNo112YesYes113NoNo114YesYes115YesNo116NoNo117Y
esYes118NoNo119NoYes120YesYes121NoNo122YesYes123Ye
sYes124NoNo125YesYes126NoNo127YesYes128YesYes129Ye
sYes130YesYes131YesNo132NoNo133YesYes134YesYes135N
oNo136YesYes137YesYes138YesYes139NoNo140NoNoHere is
where the "HIDE" command was
used141NoNo142NoNo143NoNo144NoNo145YesYes146NoNo
We are testing the idea that Promotion = function (Going to the
training program).147YesYes148YesYes149NoNo150NoYesChi
square test with Excel
formulaFormula=COUNTIF(B2:B151,$A$154)#PromotedTraini
ng
ProgramFormula=CHISQ.TEST(C154:C155,D154:D155)YesNop
-value =TotalIn Per Cent#PromotedTraining

ProgramYesNoTotal
ANOVA_DATAItem_#Week_CodeSatisfaction_LevelOffice_Co
deOffice1Week 2381BostonWeek #BostonAtlantaLos
AngelesPortland2Week 4401Boston1384244313Week
6301Boston2404543434Week 8421Boston3304438445Week
18361Boston84243354510Week
20411Boston93646404611Week
22401Boston104143373612Week
24351Boston114042364013Week
26341Boston123545394114Week
28411Boston133439404015Week
30391Boston144139363916Week
32421Boston153944443817Week
2422Atlanta164243394218Week
4452AtlantaAverage38.642.638.840.819Week
6442Atlanta20Week 8432Atlanta21Week 10462Atlanta22Week
12422Atlanta23Week 14352Atlanta24Week
32432Atlanta33Week 2443Los Angeles34Week 4433Los
Angeles35Week 6383Los Angeles36Week 8403Los
Angeles49Week 2314Portland50Week 4434Portland51Week
6444Portland52Week 8434Portland53Week

30384Portland64Week 32424Portland40.240
Name: XXXXXX
Analysis Assignment
6/6/2017
In this analysis assignment, we will use the Chi-Square to
analyze whether a management
training program is related to the promotion of managers and
use the ANOVA to analyze
whether the satisfaction rate of employees in four different
offices is the same.
1. Chi-Square
In the Chi-square testing, the total number of employees who
didn’t promote is 40
employees. And among the 40 employees, it is expected that
17.6 employees didn’t participate
in the training program and 22.4 employees participated in the
program. However, the real
outcome is that among 40 employees, 27 employees, which is

67.5% of the total employees
who didn’t promote, didn’t participate in the training program,
while 13 employees, which is
32.5% of the total employees who didn’t promote, participated
in the program.
In addition, the total number of employees who promoted is 60
employees. And among
the 60 employees, it is expected that 26.4 employees didn’t
participate in the program and 33.6
Pearson Chi-square < 0.05, chance is not the
only factor that causes differences.
employees participated in the program. However, the real
outcome is that among 60 employees,
17 employees, which is 28.3% of the total employees who
promoted, didn’t participate in the
program and 43 employees, which is 71.7% of the employees
who promoted, participate in the
program.
Therefore, the management training program is more efficient
than expected in helping
employees to promote. Clearly, the management training
program is related to the promotion

of employees.
2. ANOVA
In the ANOVA test, we analyze the satisfaction rate data of
different location of
offices to see if the satisfaction rate in four offices are the
same. According to the charts, the p-
value is 0.034 which is less than 0.05. Therefore, we reject the
null hypothesis that data is from
a sample population with the same mean. So, the satisfaction
rate in four offices are not the
same. Moreover, with the scatter gram below, we can figure out
that office 3 has the smallest
variance (which means the data within the group has smallest
difference) while it contains the
smallest data value; the office 2 has the largest variance (which
means the data within group
has largest difference) while it contains the biggest data value.
The P value in first subset >0.05, don’t have distinct
differences; The P value in second subset <0.05,
have distinct differences

Scatter Gram
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 1 2 3 4 5
mothly satisfaction rating of different
offices
XXXXXXXXXXX
ARE 112
Analysis Assignment A
For this analysis assignment, we were introduced to the
program SPSS. This is a
statistical tool to help us find certain statistics about a given
data set. For Data Set 1, we used

the Chi-Square test to see if there was a relation between a
management training program and
promotion. The most important statistical values for this data
are the “count” and “expected
count.” The “count” showed the relationship between who was
promoted and who was not for
each variable. The “expected count” showed the difference
between who was actually
promoted and who was expected to be promoted. The difference
between “expected” and
“actual” can also be referred to as “residual.” All the variables
have the same residual value of
9.4, however, half are negative, and the other half is positive.
The employees that had a
positive residual value were the ones that were not promoted
and did not have management
training and the ones that were promoted and did have
management training. The negative
residual value were the employees that were not promoted and
had management training and
the ones that were promoted and did
not have management training.
For Data Set 2, we used a different test, the ANOVA test, to see
monthly employee
satisfaction rates at offices with different locations. The test
results tell us that the p-value
equals 0.034, thus all office employee satisfactions are
different. There are four different office
locations that are placed into two different “subsets.” Each of
these subsets are classified as

homogeneous, meaning that each office in a certain subset is
alike. From the ANOVA test, we
were able to identify which offices had homogenous employee
satisfaction rates. The test also
told us which offices had differing employee satisfaction rates.
Subset 1 contained offices 1,3,
and 4, while subset 2 contained offices 2,3, and 4. This tells us
that the only offices that varied
in employee satisfaction were office 1 and 2.
XXXXXXXXXX ARE 112 Analysis 6/7/17
Promoted * Management_Training_Program Crosstabulation
Management_Training_Program
Total No Yes
Promoted No Count 27 13 40
Expected Count 17.6 22.4 40.0
% within Promoted 67.5% 32.5% 100.0%
% within Management_Training_Program 61.4% 23.2% 40.0%
% of Total 27.0% 13.0% 40.0%
Residual 9.4 -9.4
Yes Count 17 43 60
% within Promoted 28.3% 71.7% 100.0%
% within Management_Training_Program 38.6% 76.8% 60.0%
% of Total 17.0% 43.0% 60.0%

Residual -9.4 9.4
Total Count 44 56 100
% within Promoted 44.0% 56.0% 100.0%
% within Management_Training_Program 100.0% 100.0%
100.0%
% of Total 44.0% 56.0% 100.0%
From the Chi squared analysis and the management
training program crosstabulation there
is a statistical importance of the expected and observed
promotions. The crosstabulation showed
that an expected 17.6 employees who did not complete the
training program would bot be
promoted. The actual amount of employees who were not
trained and did not get promoted was
27. This value is proven to be significantly different because the
Chi squared analysis resulted in a
less than one in a thousand chance of this data occurring
without there being a correlation.
Because of the Chi squared test result the management training
program and promotion
increased the amount of those promoted, expectedly 33.6 and
actually 43, and had the reverse
effect on those who did not get the management training and
were not promoted. These
differences in the data are statistically relevant; going to the
management training would increase
the chances of getting a promotion.
Chi-Square Tests
Value df
Asymptotic

Significance (2-sided) Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 14.942a 1 .000
Continuity Correctionb 13.395 1 .000
Likelihood Ratio 15.211 1 .000
Fisher's Exact Test .000 .000
N of Valid Cases 100
a. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum
expected count is 17.60.
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table
XXXXXXXXXX ARE 112 Analysis 6/7/17
From the ANOVA analysis there
is used to determine if the level of
employ satisfaction is the same in the
four offices. About the same level of
satisfaction is seen in offices 1, 3,
and 4. Offices 2, 3, and 4 also have
very similar levels of satisfaction
across the offices. There is a
noticeable difference in the
satisfaction of office 1 and 2. Office
1 had 39.25 and office 2 had a
satisfaction of 45.88. The ANOVA analysis gives the manager
the insight of the noticeable
difference in satisfaction of offices 1 and 2. These differences
call to the manager’s attention that
they should address the offices and determine why the
satisfaction is varying.

Monthly_Satisfaction_Rating
Tukey HSDa
Office Code N
Subset for alpha = 0.05
1 2
1 8 39.25
3 8 39.38 39.38
4 8 41.38 41.38
2 8 45.88
Sig. .813 .053
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 8.000.
Analysis Assignment (1)ARE 112 SPSS AARE112 AA
Employee
_Ref Promoted
Management_Training
_Program
1 No Yes
2 No Yes
3 No Yes
4 No Yes
5 No No
6 No No
7 No No

8 No No
9 No No
10 No No
140 No No Here is where the "HIDE" command w
141 No No
142 No No
143 No No
144 Yes No
145 Yes No
146 Yes No
147 Yes Yes
148 Yes Yes
149 Yes Yes
150 Yes Yes
Formula
# Promoted Training Program Formula
Yes 96 83
No 54 67 p-value = 0.02701
Total 150 150
# Promoted Training Program
Yes 64.0% 55.3%
No 36.0% 44.7%
Total 100.0% 100.0%
We are testing the idea that Promotion
= function (Going to the training
program).
=COUNTIF(B2:B151,$A$154)
In Per Cent

Chi square test with Excel form
=CHISQ.TEST(C154:C155,B
ARE 122 - Spring 2020 Chi Square Test
ws used
mula
B154:B155)
ARE 122 - Spring 2020 Chi Square Test
Project 2: Memorandum
ENG 3107
Assessment Checklist
Memo contains identification lines (Date, To, From, Subject).
The subject line contains a topic and a focus.
The introduction of the memo serves as a buffer, respectfully
and kindly
explaining why the memo has been written and what topic the
memo is
discussing. (Remember: The memo’s purpose is to describe the
upcoming

Recommendation Report’s problem/challenge and why the
problem/challenge is important to address.)
The body of the memo describes the upcoming
Recommendation Report’s
situation in a fair manner, sharing what needs to be stated,
offering insight
into why the subject is important to understand.
The body of the memo outlines information (researched
evidence) to be
gathered to support recommendations in the Recommendation
Report,
anticipates the location/type of research the will be found, and
predicts how
the researched information might be used/analyzed.
The conclusion--using a respectful, helpful, positive approach--
tells when
work on the Recommendation Report will commence and when
the full
Recommendation Report will be submitted; conclusion also
invites the
memo’s recipient to reach out if further information is needed
prior to the
Recommendation Report’s submission.
Memo is concise.
Memo is clear.
Single spaced lines are used within each paragraph.
Double spaced lines are used between each paragraph.
Memo recognizes its audience.

Memo contains no grammatical errors or punctuation problems.
Memo meets published assignment requirements for length and
layout:
• 2-pages
• 12-point Times New Roman font
• 1st or 3rd person point of view
• Highlighting techniques

ENG 3107 Writing for the Professions—Business & Social Scienc.docx

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