Begining of the crisis: Following it’s establishment, Pakistan had relied on hydroplants for the generation of electricity for a long lime. Back in 1994 when only 40% of Pakistan’s population had access to electricity, Pakistan started to face power shortages during peak load times. It fell short by about 2,000 MW. The power policy of 1994 was implemented to counter this issue and thermal plants became the major source of energy generation. According to the policy, the energy output would have been quicker and greater compared to hydroplants. On paper, this seemed like a very beneficial alternative considering the little to no progress on the new hydroplant (KBD-discussed previously).

1. Pakistan Studies
Presentation
Energy Crisis

2. • Following it’s establishment, Pakistan had relied on hydroplants for the
generation of electricity for a long lime.
• Back in 1994 when only 40% of Pakistan’s population had access to
electricity, Pakistan started to face power shortages during peak load
times. It fell short by about 2,000 MW.
• The power policy of 1994 was implemented to counter this issue and
thermal plants became the major source of energy generation.
• According to the policy, the energy output would have been quicker and
greater compared to hydroplants.
• On paper, this seemed like a very beneficial alternative considering the
little to no progress on the new hydroplant (KBD-discussed previously).
Beginning of the crisis

3. • Increasing population, growing industry and the failiure of
construction of the KBD to cope with the factors were the major
reasons for the energy shortage in 1994.
• After the implementation of power policy, production still fell short
because of a few reasons.
• Fossil fuels which are scant in Pakistan are needed for these plants to
function.
• This led to an increase in fuel import.
• This import caused a huge spike in energy generation costs (from Rs.1
per unit to around Rs. 12-17 per unit).
• As a result it proved to be insufficient in the long run.
Reasons for energy shortage

4. • The country suffered its worst power crisis in 2007 when production
fell by 6000 MW and massive blackouts followed throughout the
country.
• As of July 2013, Pakistan had a circular debt of almost $5 billion from
import of fuel alone.
• As a result, economy suffered.
• The government body elected in 2013 paid off a sum of Rs.161 billion
to IPPs (private power providers) to clear the debt.
• The latest blackout in the country happened on 9th of January 2021
and the problem still remains to be solved.
Recent Events

5. • Ongoing construction of Diamer and Bhasha dam.
• Peace pipeline project between Pakistan and Iran for supply of natural
gas.
• Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India (TAPI) pipeline – another
natural gas pipeline.
• With a minimum of eight to nine hours of sunshine in most cities,
Solar Systems on a large scale would prove to be very beneficial.
• Areas located along-side sea have good potential for energy
generation using wind.
Recent efforts and possible solutions

6. • The Energy crisis is a major issue of pakistan and needs to be solved
quickly.
• The industrial sector is also declining because of this shortage and the
only reasonable solution is to implement the ideas discussed in the
previous slide.
• Although the production of energy has been good recently, it seems
that it won’t last very long.
• At the end of the day fuel is being imported and affecting the
economy at a massive scale.
• It would be best if alternate ways to generate energy are
implemented as soon as possible to avoid any shortages in the future.
Conclusion