Thermodynamic Analysis of Cooling Tower with Air to Air Heat Exchanger for Re...
Energy & Environmental Design Approach Speculative Office Building Vietnam Lotus Certified Final Marketing Presentation
1. Office Building - Vietnam
basic design approach for
Energy
and
Environment
for
LOTUS 3
Certification
2. 1. Introduction
A design approach for a speculative office building
to optimize the credit viability for LOTUS 3 on key
credits related to MEP and associated
architectural components
The design approach also addresses the
complexity between various credits.
3. 1.1 Building Layout approach
The floor plate has been developed on basis of
“External/Atrium View” with no more than 9 meters
from any location to either window or atrium view.
6-Storey Building
7. 1.3 Life Cycle Costing
A major impact on life cycle
kW/h
costing will be the Electrical VMD USD Range
Tariff and what tariff 835 0.04 Min
classification will be applied and 940 0.05 Min
if the building is under 1135 0.06 Max
3100 0.16 Max
“Commercial” or “Administrative”
tariff. commercial
administrative
8. 2. Credits Categories addressed
E: Energy
W: Water
ECO: Ecology
WP: Waste & Pollution
H: Health & Comfort
A: Adaptation & Mitigation
9. 2.1 “E” Credit targets
Total Building Energy Use
E-1: Building Envelope
E-3: HVAC COP
E-9: Innovation
14. 2.6 “A” Credit targets
A-4 Renewable Energy
A-5: Innovation
15. 3. HVAC Design Approach Overview
UFAD with Primary AHU on Roof
AHU with Total Energy Wheel (Sensible & Latent)
High Temperature Chilled Water for Sensible and 1st Stage Fresh
Air Cooling (14 C)
Low Temperature Chilled Water for 2nd Stage Fresh Air Cooling (6
C)
10 C Dew Point Design
Separate fresh air dehumidification
16. 3. HVAC Design Approach Overview
Primary AHU
Primary AHU CoolingRoof
on
Dehumidification
1 2
Energy
recovery
17. 3.1 Design Approach E-1
Building Envelope
Related credits
Total Building Energy Use
E-2 Envelope OTTV
H-2 (day) lighting
18. 3.1 Design Approach E-1
East-West Side
Up to 50% Electro-chromic Windows
SHGC (tinted): 0.09
U-Value: 1.6 w/m2 K
VT: 62%
19. 3.1 Design Approach E-1
South Side (up to 50% glazing)
2/3 BIPV Modules with Semitransparent Amorphous Silicon Thin Film
SHGC: 0.1
U-Value: 1.2
1/3 Low-E glass with a transparent, color-neutral appearance
SHGC: 0.27
U-Value: 1.5 w/m2 K
VT: 64%
20. 3.1 Design Approach E-1
North Side
Up to 50% Low-E glass with a transparent, color-neutral
appearance
SHGC: 0.4
U-Value: 1.9 w/m2 K
VT: 68 %
21. 3.1 Design Approach E-1
Roof (Atrium) 9 x 9 m
Glass panels on the skylight have computer-controlled motors to
change the position of the panels
for light-control
SHGC: 0.27
U-Value: 1.5 w/m2 K
22. 3.1 Design Approach E-1
Roof (Extensive Type)
Green Roof
U-Value: 0.2 w/m2 K
23. 3.1 Design Approach E-1
Next Steps
OTTV calculation to arrive at the best cost considering
Daylight compliance
10% Renewable energy requirement
24. 3.2 Design Approach E-3
HVAC COP
Related credits
Total Building Energy Use (low COP of Air-Cooled Chillers)
W-7: HVAC Water Use (restriction on water cooled chillers)
Recommended Modification to LOTUS-3 guidelines
Exemption to Water Cooled Chillers if design is high
temperature and minimum IPLV of XX and in conjunction
with Renewable Energy Chillers of 25% minimum peak load.
25. 3.2 Design Approach E-3
Part Load Selection COP
HVAC COP Chilled Water Leaving 14 C
Condenser entering water 32 C
Chillers with VFD 100% 7.01
Part Load
COP: 7 to 15 50% 7.69
Chilled Water Leaving 14 C
Condenser water Condenser entering water 28 C
reset 100% 8.28
Part Load
50% 9.69
Chilled Water Leaving 14 C
Condenser entering water 24 C
100% 9.91
Part Load
50% 12.77
Chilled Water Leaving 14 C
Condenser entering water 20 C
100% 10.44
Part Load
50% 15.85
29. 3.4 Design Approach W-7
HVAC Water Use
Related credits
Total Building Energy Use (low COP of Air-Cooled Chillers)
E-3: HVAC COP (restriction on water cooled chillers)
Recommended Modification to LOTUS-3 guidelines
Exemption to Water Cooled Chillers if design is high temperature
and minimum IPLV of 0.4 and in conjunction with Renewable Energy
Chillers of 25% minimum peak load.
30. 3.4 Design Approach W-7
or
A cooling tower that utilizes rainwater and does not create
aerosols (water drops in the discharge air from the cooling
tower)
31. 3.4 Approach W-9
Innovation
A cooling tower that utilizes rainwater and does not create
aerosols (water drops in the discharge air from the cooling
tower). See W-7
32. 3.5 Design Approach ECO-7
Green Roof
Related credits
A-4 Renewable Energy (space for solar panels)
33. 3.6 Design Approach WP-2
AC System Refrigerants
Related credits
Total Building Energy Use (low COP of Air-Cooled Chillers)
E-3: HVAC COP (restriction on water cooled chillers)
Exemption based on LEED Equation to Water Cooled Chillers if
design is high temperature and minimum IPLV of 0.4 and in
conjunction with Renewable Energy Chillers of 25% minimum peak
load.
34. 3.7 Design Approach H-1
Indoor Air Quality
Related pre-requisites
Total Building Energy Use
Approach
Increase ASHRAE ventilation rates by 30% (to approx 40
m3/h)
Provide total energy recovery from exhaust
35. 3.8 Design Approach H-2
(day) Lighting
Related credits
E-1: Envelope
Approach
Glazing (see section E-1)
36. 3.8 Design Approach H-2
Atrium
The light is reflected from the moving heliostats to an array of stationary
mirrors above the building's skylight.
37. 3.8 Design Approach H-2
Atrium
Prismatic tiles reflect light and distribute
bursts of color throughout the atrium.
The indoor space has a "light wall" of
reflective metal in the atrium and reflective
coatings on the ceilings near windows.
38. 3.8 Design Approach H-2
Interior Partitions
Montage panels fitted with fluted glass make natural
daylight accessible to more than 90% of employees.
39. 3.8 Design Approach H-2
Interior Partitions – Conference Rooms
E Glass™ panels mounted in hollow frame extrusions
to visually and audibly isolate the conference rooms
from the lobby or perimeter
41. 3.9 Design Approach H-3
External/Atrium Views
No issue with 45 x 27 m floor plate and 9 x 9 m Atrium at the
center
42. 3.10 Design Approach H-4
Thermal Comfort
Approach
Individual thermal Control by UFAD (manual or AUTO)
Low Mixing Interior outlets, Horizontal Flow = 10 PDD @ 0.6
m
Perimeter Linear
43. 3.11 Design Approach H-5
Noise
Approach
- Envelope
- No sound creating components (fans/pumps etc) in
building
- Proper duct design (sizing, sound attenuation/regeneration)
- Interior Design
44. 3.12 Design Approach A-4
Mitigation & Renewable Energy
Related credits
ECO-6 Green Roof and 80% requirement for LOTUS 3
45. 3.12 Design Approach A-4
Mitigation & Renewable Energy
OPTION 1
Solar Powered Absorption Chiller for 2nd stage fresh air cooling
This option has minor impact on Green Roof
Optional for Domestic Hot Water
46. 3.12 Design Approach A-4
Mitigation & Renewable Energy
OPTION 2
Concentrated Solar Power
This option has a smaller footprint than conventional flat solar
panels
47. 3.12 Design Approach A-4
Mitigation & Renewable Energy
In combination with Option 1 or Option 2 (see also south facade
section). Nominal Power 40W/m2. Optional opaque laminates if
needed to get to 10% minimum under LOTUS-3.
48. 3.12 Design Approach A-4
Mitigation & Renewable Energy
Next steps
Daylight simulation to qualify south façade option
Calculation of percentage of renewable energy in relation to total
energy consumption with south façade in combination with either
option
Explore possibilities for Energy Contracting for CSP (Option 2)
Life Cycle Calculations
Associated cost study (Structural etc0
