Emission woes lower than expected
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Emission woes lower than expected
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It's odd! cars are not main pollutants
This document discusses the findings of an IIT-Kanpur study on the main sources of air pollution in Delhi. The study found that trucks are a major contributor to PM 2.5 pollution in Delhi, accounting for up to 46% of vehicle emissions. Road dust is another big contributor, making up about 35% of PM 2.5. While vehicles as a whole contribute 25-36% of PM 2.5, trucks and two-wheelers contribute more than passenger cars which are only 14-15%. The Delhi government plans to take action based on this study, but reducing all sources across the city and surrounding areas will be needed to significantly improve air quality.
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Transport operations
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How pizza shops, steakhouses harm environment
Pizza shops and steakhouses that use charcoal or wood burners produce significant emissions and damage the environment in major cities. A study of Sao Paulo, Brazil found emissions from wood burning pizza restaurants and charcoal-burning steakhouses posed an emerging environmental risk, despite Sao Paulo's green vehicle policies. The city is home to around 8,000 pizza parlors that produce close to a million pizzas per day using wood burning stoves, negating the positive effects of Sao Paulo's biofuel vehicle policies.
Gm mosquitoes to fight malaria
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India faces diabetes explosion
India is facing a diabetes epidemic as the number of diabetics is projected to increase to over 100 million in the next 15 years. While India has made progress in reducing childhood stunting, the growing rate of overweight and obese individuals, especially those prone to diabetes, is a cause for concern. Public health policies need to be strengthened to combat both undernutrition and the rising threat of overnutrition and diabetes.
Recommended
It's odd! cars are not main pollutants
This document discusses the findings of an IIT-Kanpur study on the main sources of air pollution in Delhi. The study found that trucks are a major contributor to PM 2.5 pollution in Delhi, accounting for up to 46% of vehicle emissions. Road dust is another big contributor, making up about 35% of PM 2.5. While vehicles as a whole contribute 25-36% of PM 2.5, trucks and two-wheelers contribute more than passenger cars which are only 14-15%. The Delhi government plans to take action based on this study, but reducing all sources across the city and surrounding areas will be needed to significantly improve air quality.
The right moisturiser can keep skin healthy throughout the year
The document discusses choosing the right moisturizer for different skin types and seasons. It recommends using a light, fast absorbing moisturizer like Vaseline Aloe Soothe during the summer months. For time spent outdoors, it suggests choosing a moisturizer with SPF of at least 20 to protect skin from the sun. As temperatures drop later in the year, it advises using a hydrating moisturizer like Vaseline Intensive Care that seals in moisture and is hypoallergenic.
Transport operations
The document discusses transport operations and ambulance driving. It covers standard competencies for EMS operations, transporting patients safely, defensive driving techniques, and safe driving practices like using turn signals and maintaining a cushion of safety around the ambulance. Key steps for ambulance staff include checking equipment, securing patients and supplies, and cleaning after transporting a patient. The goal is to safely transport patients while avoiding crashes.
Sun safety strategies for resort employees
This document provides information and strategies for sun safety at resorts and for outdoor employees. It discusses establishing a sun safety program that provides education materials to guests and training to employees. The program is based on a decade of successful sun safety programs for outdoor workers and recreators.
A project to marijuana abuse
This document discusses the harms of marijuana abuse. It defines marijuana and how it is used. It then explains the short-term and long-term health effects of marijuana use. It notes that marijuana can negatively impact students, workers, and social life. The document advocates for treatment programs that focus on detoxification and support to reintegrate into society. It aims to dispel myths about marijuana and advocates for its characterization as a dangerous drug rather than a safe alternative to other substances.
How pizza shops, steakhouses harm environment
Pizza shops and steakhouses that use charcoal or wood burners produce significant emissions and damage the environment in major cities. A study of Sao Paulo, Brazil found emissions from wood burning pizza restaurants and charcoal-burning steakhouses posed an emerging environmental risk, despite Sao Paulo's green vehicle policies. The city is home to around 8,000 pizza parlors that produce close to a million pizzas per day using wood burning stoves, negating the positive effects of Sao Paulo's biofuel vehicle policies.
Gm mosquitoes to fight malaria
Bill Gates says that genetically modified mosquitoes may be used to fight malaria within the next five years. Researchers are using a gene editing technique called a "gene drive" to alter mosquitoes so they are resistant to diseases like malaria and dengue. Gates believes this technology could dramatically reduce malaria deaths by suppressing mosquito populations. However, some scientists have concerns about the safety of releasing genetically modified mosquitoes into the wild and more regulation of gene drives may be needed.
India faces diabetes explosion
India is facing a diabetes epidemic as the number of diabetics is projected to increase to over 100 million in the next 15 years. While India has made progress in reducing childhood stunting, the growing rate of overweight and obese individuals, especially those prone to diabetes, is a cause for concern. Public health policies need to be strengthened to combat both undernutrition and the rising threat of overnutrition and diabetes.
Flowers losing scent due to warming
Flowers may be losing their scents and fragrances due to rising global temperatures associated with climate change. Scientists have found that higher ambient temperatures lead to a decrease in the production of floral scents. Flowers produce scents to attract pollinators like insects to ensure plant reproduction. However, increasing temperatures are interfering with the plant-pollinator relationship by reducing floral scents.
Hair oil to serum
The document discusses the author's experience getting a haircut at various barbershops and salons over time. It describes visiting a neighborhood barber shop for cheap haircuts for years, but eventually ending the relationship due to poor hygiene. The author then tries several upmarket salons but is unsatisfied until finding one that meets most requirements and provides a good haircutting experience. The author learns about new hair products and their benefits from the barber.
Poverty changes dna of people, may make them drug addicts
Living in poverty can cause changes to a person's DNA that increases the likelihood of depression, anxiety, and drug use. Researchers found that teenagers from low socioeconomic backgrounds showed changes to a gene linked to increased activity in the brain's fear and stress response center. This epigenetic change was also associated with lower levels of serotonin and can be passed to future generations. The study examined changes to the SLC6A4 gene in 132 adolescents over two years, finding that those from poorer backgrounds accumulated higher levels of a chemical tag on the gene, making their amygdala more sensitive to fearful stimuli.
Twenty mediterranean diet tricks to help you lose weight this summer
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Transport operations
The document discusses various topics related to emergency medical services (EMS) operations including transport operations, EMS roles and responsibilities, operating ground ambulances safely, assessing and treating patients, infectious disease protocols, ambulance design, checking and equipping ambulances, ambulance staffing, emergency response and transport, air medical transports, and helicopter medical evacuation operations. The overall document provides guidance and standard competencies for EMS professionals.
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This document provides information about blood typing and characteristics. It discusses the discovery of blood types by Landsteiner in 1900 and the Rh factor in 1940. The document defines key terms like antigens, antibodies, agglutination. It describes the main blood types (A, B, AB, O) and Rh factors (+/-). It also summarizes blood composition, functions, transfusions and the genetics that determine blood type. Overall, the document presents foundational information about blood typing and characteristics.
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Communicating with the elderly
The document discusses communicating respectfully with elderly patients. It provides examples of unacceptable caregiver responses that fail to meet patients' needs and respect their dignity. It emphasizes the importance of ethical principles like maintaining patients' autonomy and respecting their physical and psychological well-being. The objectives are to help students reflect on how to avoid mistreatment and establish warm relations through minor acts of empathy. Responding to requests can satisfy needs and build trust if caregivers break from routines to think creatively and personalized care.
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Eating chocolate improves memory, brain function
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Shhhhh!
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The document discusses how demonstrating both competence and vulnerability can help build trust more quickly. It describes a study where psychiatrists would act clumsy, like dropping a pencil, to appear more human and approachable to patients. Similarly, an engineer gained his coworkers' trust after joining them for karaoke. The key is to first impress with knowledge and skills, then show your fallible side through minor mistakes or silliness. This balances warmth with competence, making people seem more trustworthy.
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This document provides information on pain management in nursing, including:
- Objectives related to neurophysiology of pain pathways, pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, chronic pain, and nursing contributions to pain management.
- Details on the pain process including transduction, transmission, modulation, and perception.
- Descriptions of various pharmacological interventions for pain including analgesics, local anesthetics, anticonvulsants, and opioids.
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Gadget addiction breaking kids' back
Children as young as three are experiencing aches and pains due to excessive use of gadgets like tablets, phones and handheld games. Doctors are seeing an increase in musculoskeletal problems in children's backs and necks from spending hours hunched over screens. Excessive gadget use is also negatively impacting children's grades, communication skills, and social development as they interact less with family and spend more time in isolated online worlds. Parents are encouraged to limit screen time and provide outdoor activities and pets instead of technology to support children's healthy development.
How paris could help us breathe easy
The COP21 talks in Paris aim to reach an agreement to limit global warming to below 2°C. India is advocating for a safer, cleaner world but some sticking points remain around emission reduction targets and financing for developing countries to transition to renewable energy. Key countries have outlined emission reduction goals but coal remains a major source of emissions, especially for growing economies like India and China. The outcome of the COP21 talks will be critical in tackling global warming.
Storyboard on Acne-Innovative Learning-M. pharm. (2nd sem.) Cosmetics
Acne is a common skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells. It typically manifests as pimples, blackheads, or whiteheads, often on the face, chest, shoulders, or back. Acne can range from mild to severe and may cause emotional distress and scarring in some cases.
**Causes:**
1. **Excess Oil Production:** Hormonal changes during adolescence or certain times in adulthood can increase sebum (oil) production, leading to clogged pores.
2. **Clogged Pores:** When dead skin cells and oil block hair follicles, bacteria (usually Propionibacterium acnes) can thrive, causing inflammation and acne lesions.
3. **Hormonal Factors:** Fluctuations in hormone levels, such as during puberty, menstrual cycles, pregnancy, or certain medical conditions, can contribute to acne.
4. **Genetics:** A family history of acne can increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
**Types of Acne:**
- **Whiteheads:** Closed plugged pores.
- **Blackheads:** Open plugged pores with a dark surface.
- **Papules:** Small red, tender bumps.
- **Pustules:** Pimples with pus at their tips.
- **Nodules:** Large, solid, painful lumps beneath the surface.
- **Cysts:** Painful, pus-filled lumps beneath the surface that can cause scarring.
**Treatment:**
Treatment depends on the severity and type of acne but may include:
- **Topical Treatments:** Such as benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or retinoids to reduce bacteria and unclog pores.
- **Oral Medications:** Antibiotics or oral contraceptives for hormonal acne.
- **Procedures:** Such as chemical peels, extraction of comedones, or light therapy for more severe cases.
**Prevention and Management:**
- **Cleanse:** Regularly wash skin with a gentle cleanser.
- **Moisturize:** Use non-comedogenic moisturizers to keep skin hydrated without clogging pores.
- **Avoid Irritants:** Such as harsh cosmetics or excessive scrubbing.
- **Sun Protection:** Use sunscreen to prevent exacerbation of acne scars and inflammation.
Acne treatment can take time, and consistency in skincare routines and treatments is crucial. Consulting a dermatologist can help tailor a treatment plan that suits individual needs and reduces the risk of scarring or long-term skin damage.
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Hair oil to serum
The document discusses the author's experience getting a haircut at various barbershops and salons over time. It describes visiting a neighborhood barber shop for cheap haircuts for years, but eventually ending the relationship due to poor hygiene. The author then tries several upmarket salons but is unsatisfied until finding one that meets most requirements and provides a good haircutting experience. The author learns about new hair products and their benefits from the barber.
Poverty changes dna of people, may make them drug addicts
Living in poverty can cause changes to a person's DNA that increases the likelihood of depression, anxiety, and drug use. Researchers found that teenagers from low socioeconomic backgrounds showed changes to a gene linked to increased activity in the brain's fear and stress response center. This epigenetic change was also associated with lower levels of serotonin and can be passed to future generations. The study examined changes to the SLC6A4 gene in 132 adolescents over two years, finding that those from poorer backgrounds accumulated higher levels of a chemical tag on the gene, making their amygdala more sensitive to fearful stimuli.
Twenty mediterranean diet tricks to help you lose weight this summer
The document discusses 20 ways to follow a Mediterranean diet to lose weight and improve health. Some of the key recommendations include using olive oil instead of other fats, eating tomatoes and garlic daily for their health benefits, choosing fish instead of red meat at least once a week, eating plenty of fruits and vegetables including options like peppers and avocados that are popular in Mediterranean diets, and enjoying red wine in moderation with meals for its antioxidants. The Mediterranean diet has been shown in studies to reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, cancer and other health issues while helping maintain a healthy weight.
In s korea, an ice cream that cures hangover
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Transport operations
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The nature of blood
This document provides information about blood typing and characteristics. It discusses the discovery of blood types by Landsteiner in 1900 and the Rh factor in 1940. The document defines key terms like antigens, antibodies, agglutination. It describes the main blood types (A, B, AB, O) and Rh factors (+/-). It also summarizes blood composition, functions, transfusions and the genetics that determine blood type. Overall, the document presents foundational information about blood typing and characteristics.
Legal issues in nursing practice
The document discusses legal and regulatory issues related to nursing practice. It covers topics such as sources of law, criminal and civil law, tort law including malpractice, intentional torts, strategies to prevent incidents, standards of care, selected laws including nurse practice acts, licensure, boards of nursing, advance directives, HIPAA, and privacy versus confidentiality. The overall document provides an overview of the legal and regulatory framework that governs nursing practice.
Nurse – patient relationship
The document discusses the nurse-patient relationship and its various aspects. It describes the different phases of the relationship from the pre-interaction phase to engagement, active intervention, and termination. It also outlines the roles, requisites, and characteristics of a good relationship between nurses and patients. Barriers like role stress and autonomy struggles that can impact effective professional relationships are examined as well. The importance of relationships between nurses and families and other healthcare professionals is also highlighted.
Get set, fit
A survey by GOQii on fitness in India showed that the most common health goals are to get active and fit, reduce stress, manage weight, and improve sleep quality. The survey found that Delhiites prefer outdoor cardio exercises while Bengaluru residents favor yoga. It also showed that Mumbaikars take the most daily steps on average and residents of Pune sleep the most hours per night.
Communicating with the elderly
The document discusses communicating respectfully with elderly patients. It provides examples of unacceptable caregiver responses that fail to meet patients' needs and respect their dignity. It emphasizes the importance of ethical principles like maintaining patients' autonomy and respecting their physical and psychological well-being. The objectives are to help students reflect on how to avoid mistreatment and establish warm relations through minor acts of empathy. Responding to requests can satisfy needs and build trust if caregivers break from routines to think creatively and personalized care.
No creches yet, poor fret over children's safety
The document discusses the lack of creche facilities in slums, which is causing worry for low-income families. A pilot project aimed to set up 30 creches by December, but it has been delayed. The delay is due to issues recruiting additional staff needed to run the creches. Advocates express concern over the delay and need for dedicated funding and monitoring of creche programs.
Eating chocolate improves memory, brain function
Researchers found that regular chocolate consumption was associated with better performance on cognitive tests. A study of over 900 people aged 23-98 found that those who ate chocolate more frequently did better on tests of visual-spatial memory, organization, working memory, abstract reasoning and mental status. Regular chocolate consumption was linked to better cognitive function, except for working memory, even after accounting for cardiovascular and lifestyle factors.
Shhhhh!
This document discusses how living in today's world full of constant stimulation and anxiety makes it difficult to remain calm. It provides strategies from experts on how to cultivate calmness through detaching from chaotic situations, meditation, yoga, and taking breaks. Modern life is seen as more restless than ever before, making finding inner peace and calm a priority.
Want to gain trust
The document discusses how demonstrating both competence and vulnerability can help build trust more quickly. It describes a study where psychiatrists would act clumsy, like dropping a pencil, to appear more human and approachable to patients. Similarly, an engineer gained his coworkers' trust after joining them for karaoke. The key is to first impress with knowledge and skills, then show your fallible side through minor mistakes or silliness. This balances warmth with competence, making people seem more trustworthy.
Pain management
This document provides information on pain management in nursing, including:
- Objectives related to neurophysiology of pain pathways, pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, chronic pain, and nursing contributions to pain management.
- Details on the pain process including transduction, transmission, modulation, and perception.
- Descriptions of various pharmacological interventions for pain including analgesics, local anesthetics, anticonvulsants, and opioids.
The “normal” aging process
This document provides an overview of normal aging processes and suggestions for supporting aging individuals. It discusses common changes that can occur with aging in various body systems like vision, hearing, skin, and cognition. It also addresses potential psychological and social issues in aging and provides ideas for accommodating issues like impaired balance or mobility. The goal is to continue providing high-quality, person-centered care as individuals age and to find creative ways for them to actively participate.
Basics of mechanical ventilation
This document provides information on mechanical ventilation settings and modes. It discusses settings like tidal volume, respiratory rate, PEEP and others. Common ventilation modes are described like assist-control, pressure support and SIMV. Advantages and disadvantages of each mode are outlined. Guidelines for initially setting up mechanical ventilation are provided. Troubleshooting techniques for issues like high pressures, COPD patients and ARDS are also reviewed.
Gadget addiction breaking kids' back
Children as young as three are experiencing aches and pains due to excessive use of gadgets like tablets, phones and handheld games. Doctors are seeing an increase in musculoskeletal problems in children's backs and necks from spending hours hunched over screens. Excessive gadget use is also negatively impacting children's grades, communication skills, and social development as they interact less with family and spend more time in isolated online worlds. Parents are encouraged to limit screen time and provide outdoor activities and pets instead of technology to support children's healthy development.
How paris could help us breathe easy
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Poverty changes dna of people, may make them drug addicts
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Acne is a common skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells. It typically manifests as pimples, blackheads, or whiteheads, often on the face, chest, shoulders, or back. Acne can range from mild to severe and may cause emotional distress and scarring in some cases.
**Causes:**
1. **Excess Oil Production:** Hormonal changes during adolescence or certain times in adulthood can increase sebum (oil) production, leading to clogged pores.
2. **Clogged Pores:** When dead skin cells and oil block hair follicles, bacteria (usually Propionibacterium acnes) can thrive, causing inflammation and acne lesions.
3. **Hormonal Factors:** Fluctuations in hormone levels, such as during puberty, menstrual cycles, pregnancy, or certain medical conditions, can contribute to acne.
4. **Genetics:** A family history of acne can increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
**Types of Acne:**
- **Whiteheads:** Closed plugged pores.
- **Blackheads:** Open plugged pores with a dark surface.
- **Papules:** Small red, tender bumps.
- **Pustules:** Pimples with pus at their tips.
- **Nodules:** Large, solid, painful lumps beneath the surface.
- **Cysts:** Painful, pus-filled lumps beneath the surface that can cause scarring.
**Treatment:**
Treatment depends on the severity and type of acne but may include:
- **Topical Treatments:** Such as benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or retinoids to reduce bacteria and unclog pores.
- **Oral Medications:** Antibiotics or oral contraceptives for hormonal acne.
- **Procedures:** Such as chemical peels, extraction of comedones, or light therapy for more severe cases.
**Prevention and Management:**
- **Cleanse:** Regularly wash skin with a gentle cleanser.
- **Moisturize:** Use non-comedogenic moisturizers to keep skin hydrated without clogging pores.
- **Avoid Irritants:** Such as harsh cosmetics or excessive scrubbing.
- **Sun Protection:** Use sunscreen to prevent exacerbation of acne scars and inflammation.
Acne treatment can take time, and consistency in skincare routines and treatments is crucial. Consulting a dermatologist can help tailor a treatment plan that suits individual needs and reduces the risk of scarring or long-term skin damage.
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medical tourism to be feasible, in a region called as clustering in a region with main stakeholders groups includes Health
providers, Tourism cluster, etc. There are some related and affecting factors to be considered for the feasibility of medical
tourism within this study such as competitiveness, clustering, Entrepreneurship, SMEs. One of the growth phenomenon
is Health tourism in the city of Izmir and Turkey. The model of five competitive forces of Porter and The Diamond model
that is an economical model that shows the four main factors that affect the competitiveness of a nation and its industries
in this study. The short literature of medical tourism and regional clustering have been mentioned.acne vulgaris -Mpharm (2nd semester) Cosmetics and cosmeceuticals
cosmetics and cosmeceuticals
Muskan
mpharm
2nd semester
Guru Gobind Singh college of pharmacy, yamunanagar, haryana
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Pharmacology of Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes and Leukotrienes
This presentation gives information on the pharmacology of Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes and Leukotrienes i.e. Eicosanoids. Eicosanoids are signaling molecules derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids like arachidonic acid. They are involved in complex control over inflammation, immunity, and the central nervous system. Eicosanoids are synthesized through the enzymatic oxidation of fatty acids by cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes. They have short half-lives and act locally through autocrine and paracrine signaling.
Cervical Disc Arthroplasty ORSI 2024.pptx
Indication and installation of a mobile cervical disc prosthesis. Benefits of the PRODISC C VIVO mobile disc prosthesis (Centinel Spine)
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapy
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
biomechanics of running. Dr.dhwani.pptx
The biomechanics of running involves the study of the mechanical principles underlying running movements. It includes the analysis of the running gait cycle, which consists of the stance phase (foot contact to push-off) and the swing phase (foot lift-off to next contact). Key aspects include kinematics (joint angles and movements, stride length and frequency) and kinetics (forces involved in running, including ground reaction and muscle forces). Understanding these factors helps in improving running performance, optimizing technique, and preventing injuries.
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Pharmacology of Drugs for Congestive Heart Failure
Congestive Heart failure is caused by low cardiac output and high sympathetic discharge. Diuretics reduce preload, ACE inhibitors lower afterload, beta blockers reduce sympathetic activity, and digitalis has inotropic effects. Newer medications target vasodilation and myosin activation to improve heart efficiency while lowering energy requirements. Combination therapy, following an assessment of cardiac function and volume status, is the most effective strategy to heart failure care.
Patellar Instability: Diagnosis Management
Pictorial and detailed description of patellar instability with sign and symptoms and how to diagnose , what investigations you should go with and how to approach with treatment options . I have presented this slide in my 2nd year junior residency in orthopedics at LLRM medical college Meerut and got good reviews for it
After getting it read you will definitely understand the topic.
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