Study Guide by Emily and Zoe

1. New Nation Questionnaire
By: Emily Lloyd and Zoë Shribman

2. 1. Define the term precedent.

3. 1. Define the term precedent.
A precedent is an action or decision that later serves as an
example.

4. 2. What is the President's Cabinet? Name 2 of Washington's
cabinet members.

5. 2. What is the President's Cabinet? Name 2 of Washington's
cabinet members.
The Cabinet is a group of official advisors to the president, and
the heads of specific government departments. Thomas
Jefferson- Secretary of State, Alexander Hamilton-
Secretary of the Treasury, General Henry Knox- Secretary
of War, Edmund Randolph- Attorney General, and Samuel
Osgood- Postmaster General.

6. 3. What is the Electoral College? How many electoral votes
does a candidate need to win the presidency?

7. 3. What is the Electoral College? How many electoral votes
does a candidate need to win the presidency?
The Electoral College is a group of delegates selected by the
state legislatures to represent the popular vote in the
presidential election. 270 votes.

8. 4. Name 5 jobs that were common in America in 1790.

9. 4. Name 5 jobs that were common in America in 1790.
Lawyer, Farmer, Doctor, Barber, Blacksmith, Carpenter,
Saddler, Cooper, Printer, Wigmaker, Hatter.

10. 5. What was the first capital of the United States?

11. 5. What was the first capital of the United States?
New York

12. 6. Name 7 rivers in North America. What is the significance
of these rivers in the trade industry?

13. 6. Name 7 rivers in North America. What is the significance
of these rivers in the trade industry?
Connecticut River, Potomac River, Hudson River, Ohio
River, St. Lawrence River, Mississippi River, Delaware
River, James River, or Savannah River. These rivers
provided a great way to trade in 1790. They allowed for
goods to get from one part of the country to another in the
quickest way possible.

14. 7. What was the name of the mountain range that ran
through the United States? What states did it go through?
Name one advantage and one disadvantage of this
geographical feature.

15. 7. What was the name of the mountain range that ran
through the United States? What states did it go through?
Name one advantage and one disadvantage of this
geographical feature.
Appalachian Mountains. Ranged from the middle of Maine to
the Middle of Georgia. Advantage: protected Americans
against Native American attacks. Disadvantage: very
difficult to get to the western side of the United States.

16. 8. Who is in George Washington’s cabinet and what is there
role (secretary of……..)

17. 8. Who is in George Washington’s cabinet and what is their
role (Secretary of……..)?
There are 5 people. They are Alexander Hamilton, Secretary of
Treasury, Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of State, and Henry
Knox, Secretary of War, Edmund Randolph, Attorney
General, Samuel Osgood, Postmaster General.

18. 9. Who came up with the idea of Democratic/Republicans
and what did he believe?

19. 9. Who came up with the idea of Democratic/Republicans
and what did he believe?
Thomas Jefferson come up with Democratic/Republicans. The
Democratic/Republicans believe that there should not be a
strong federal government. They think that the everyday
common Americans should be in charge of the government.

20. 10. Who was the first president, who was his vice president,
and how long did he serve?

21. 10. Who was the first president, who was his vice president,
and how long did he serve?
George Washington was the first president, and John Adams
was his vice president. George Washington served for two
terms, 8 years.

22. 11. What was the first economic problem the U.S. faced?
Who came up with the solution?

23. 11. What was the first economic problem the U.S. faced?
Who came up with the solution?
The first economic problem the U.S. faced was that the state
and federal governments owed several citizens and foreign
countries money from the war. In other words, they were in
debt. Hamilton proposed the idea to payback the other
countries first, and then the money to the bondholders.

24. 12. The South would help the North pay off the debts from
the war. What would the North do in return?

25. 12. The South would help the North pay off the debts from
the war. What would the North do in return?
The North agreed to move the capital closer to the South
permanently.

26. 13. What does it mean to believe in loose interpretation?
Strict interpretation?

27. 13. What does it mean to believe in loose interpretation,
strict interpretation?
If you believe in loose interpretation then you think it is ok
to have a little flexibility in what the Constitution says, so
you would think that even though it doesn’t say that the
government has a certain power you still believe that it
does. Strict interpretation is when you believe that the
government only has the powers listed in the Constitution,
nothing else.

28. 14. Does the ”necessary and properquot; clause help interpret
the constitution loosely or strictly?

29. 14. Does the ”Necessary and Properquot; clause help interpret
the Constitution loosely or strictly?
The Necessary and Proper Clause, also called the Elastic
Clause help interpret the Constitution loosely. If a
congressman wanted to make a law to give a power to the
federal government, and was not specifically stated as a
federal power, in the Constitution, but they thought it was
necessary and proper, then it could become a law.

30. 15. Alexander Hamilton believes a the national bank should be
created. What are some reasons he thinks this?

31. 15. Alexander Hamilton believes in that the national bank should
be created. What are some reasons why he thinks this?
Alexander Hamilton thinks that there should be a national
bank because he thinks it will help the country grow strong.
The national bank will provide a safe place for the tax
money; also it can help businesses grow by loaning them
money if they need it. Hamilton thought that the national
bank was “necessary and proper”.

32. 16. What is Thomas Jefferson’s main argument for not
having a national bank?

33. 16. What is Thomas Jefferson’s main argument for not
having a national bank?
First of all Thomas Jefferson believed in strict interpretation of
the Constitution. So he thought that because no where in the
Constitution did say that the federal government could make
a national bank, he thinks that it should not be allowed.

34. 17. When there was a war between France and Austria,
Prussia, Sardinia, the Netherlands, and Great Britain, what
did George Washington decide to do?

35. 17. When there was a war between France and Austria,
Prussia, Sardinia, the Netherlands, and Great Britain, what
did George Washington decide to do?
George Washington decided to stay neutral, or stay out of the
war by not siding with either side.

36. 18. What was Jay’s treaty (with what country and what did
it say)?

37. 18. What was Jay’s treaty (with what country and what did
it say)?
Jay’s treaty was a treaty with Britain. It says that the British
will pay for the damage of the U.S ships that they had
seized. Also they would still allow some U.S ships to still
trade certain items. They also promised to move their
troops out of America, still from the American Revolution.
In return American would pay their debts before the
French revolution.

38. 19. What is the basic idea of the neutrality Proclamation?
Who said it?

39. 19. What is the basic idea of the Neutrality Proclamation?
Who said it?
George Washington said the Neutrality Proclamation. The
basic idea of it was that the U.S is going to stay out of the
war, neutral, and that we should tell everyone in America the
decision. It also said that if you try to help one side of the
war in any way, you will be in big trouble.

40. 20. Name 2 times the Constitution mentioned slavery.

41. 20. Name 2 of the times the Constitution mentioned slavery.
The Constitution mentioned slavery in the 3/5 Compromise, in
the Fugitive Slave Act, and when it said that the slave trade
could not be banned until 1808.

42. 21. What did George Washington think about slavery? When
did he talk about it publicly?

43. 21. What did George Washington think about slavery? When
did he talk about it publicly?
George Washington did not believe slavery was just, yet he
owned 316 slaves himself. He never publicly spoke about
slavery during his entire time in office.

44. 22. What is one purpose of George Washington's farewell
address?

45. 22. What is one purpose of George Washington's farewell
address?
Washington wanted to tell the nation that he was worried about
political parties being created by their locations.

46. CREDITS
Questions 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,11,12,20, and 21 by Zoë
Questions 8,9,10,13,14,15,16,17,18, and 19 by Emily