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Emerging trends in hiv&aids
This document summarizes emerging trends in HIV/AIDS in Kenya and globally. It provides key statistics on HIV prevalence rates over time in Kenya, showing a decline from 13.4% in 1999 to 5.6% in 2012. It also breaks down prevalence by age, region, and residence. The majority (57%) of new HIV infections in Sub-Saharan Africa are among women. Marginalized groups like men who have sex with men and sex workers have very high prevalence rates over 25% but face legal and social barriers to accessing health services. The document reviews strategies and terminology around HIV prevention, treatment, and awareness of HIV status.
Emerging trends in hiv&aids
- 1. EMERGING TRENDS INHIV&AIDS
- 2. Global Picture •About 35million people infected with HIV globally •25 million are in Sub Saharan Africa. •1.4 million Kenyans are living with HIV. •Women who account for 57% of new HIV infections in SSA.
- 3. Acronyms / TerminologiesTrivia •HIV •AIDS •MARPs •PITC •ARV •ART •HAART •KAIS •KDHS •MSM •FANC • LGBT •SW •CD4Cell •Viral Load •HIV Super infection •HIV Co-infection •HIV discordance •Concurrent relationship •Sero-status •Sero conversion •Window Period •Incidence rate •Prevalence rate
- 4. Prevalence Milestones Year Prevalence 199913.4% 2003 6.7% 2005 6.1% 2006 5.9% 2007 7.2% 2009 6.3% 2012 5.6%
- 5. Comparison of 2007and 2012 HIV Prevalence(15-64yrs)
- 6. HIV prevalence byage category, KAIS 2007 and 2012
- 7. HIV prevalence amongpersons aged 15-64 years by NASCOP region, KAIS 2012
- 8. HIV prevalence amongpersons aged 15-64 years by region, KAIS 2007 and 2012
- 9. HIV prevalence amongpersons aged 15-64 years by residence, KAIS 2007 and 2012
- 10. Source of NewHIV Infections in Generalized Epidemic: 20% 25% 44% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Swaziland, Lesotho, Uganda, Malawi heterosexual unions contribute the majority of new infections Married or cohabiting couples MSM, IDUs, sex workers Casual heterosexual sex
- 11. High risk inyoung women: Kenya • 65% of new infections among women occur before age 35 years • The same pattern holds true of South and East African countries 14.7 16.4 40.1 10.6 7.3 13 5.2 32.1 34.1 20.5 6 00 5 10 20 15 25 30 40 35 15-24 25-34 35-44 Age group 45-54 50-59 60-64 Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey 2007 45 Males (N=37) Females (N=69)
- 12. Preliminary Report forKenya AIDS indicator survey, 2012
- 13. HIV prevalence amongmen aged 15-64 years by male circumcision status, KAIS 2007
- 14. Marginalized populations require prioritizedHIV interventions • HIV prevalence is high (Data from *SWOP-Kenya) » 40% among MSM » 28% among female sex workers » And a minority correctly use condoms • Social and policy environment keep these at risk populations marginalized and reluctant to seek health services – Sodomy in Kenya is illegal with a 14 year jail sentence – Experience social condemnation, physical and sexual abuse *Sex workers project (SWOP), University of Nairobi
- 15. 16 0 47 84 53 20 40 60 KAIS 2007 KAIS2012 Aware of HIV infection Unaware of HIV infection Awareness of HIV positive status among persons living with HIV Preliminary Report for Kenya AIDS indicator survey, 2012 80 100
- 16. ART Coverage, adults,KAIS Use of ART by eligible persons, KAIS 2007 Use of ART by eligible persons, KAIS 2012 Aware of HIV status/ on ART 63% Aware of HIV status/ not on ART 9% Unaware of HIV status/ not on ART 28% Aware of HIV status/on ART 29% Aware of HIV status / Not on ART Unaware of HIV status/ not on ART 63% *Eligibility for ART defined as CD4≤350 cells/µL, having ever been on ART or currently being treated for tuberculosis.
- 17. Group Activity • HIVand other Communicable diseases • HIV and Gender • HIV and Information technology • HIV Support, care and treatment
- 18. 18 ABSTAIN from sexualintercourse AVOID unprotected sex ADVOCATE for positive behavior change BE FAITHFUL to one faithful & uninfected partner BREAK the silence-talk about AIDS BASIC hygiene should always be observed CORRECT AND CONSISTENT use of condoms COUNSELING for infected persons COUNSELING of uninfected persons and their families DISCUSS HIV and AIDS DE-STIGMATISE HIV and AIDS Prevention of HIV and AIDSPrevention of HIV and AIDS
- 19. VMMC – VoluntaryMale Medical Circumcision eMTCT – Elimination of Mother-to-child transmission TasP – Antiretroviral Treatment as Prevention of HIV & TB PEP – Post Exposure Prophylaxis PreEP – Pre Exposure Prophylaxis New Prevention technology
- 20. Thank you Do youKnow your HIV Status?
Editor's Notes
- #19 Emphasize on ABC’s in prevention.