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Principal Investigator
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email will be the same as the Submitter.
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PI Status
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Please choose the principal investigator's department.
Political Science
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Instructor
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Please click Add Contact and add each co-investigator for your
study.
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Please click Add Contact to add any research assistants for this

study.
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Please attach the PI's CITI completion report for the Social and
Behavioral Research Investigator training. See the IRB
website for instructions on accessing the CITI portal.
CITI Completion Report
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Please attach the CITI completion reports for research team
members, including yourself, the Principal Investigator, co-
Investigators, and Research Assistants. Instructors will submit
their CITI certification separately. See the IRB website for
more information on accessing the CITI portal.
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Section B Study Introduction
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Title
Entered:05/04/18By:parham, angela
You need to reduce this section to 500 words or less.
Entered:05/07/18By:gebremedhin, teddy
The rise of nationalism poses a threat to globalization and the
set of values that the international community has sought to
develop in the past. The election of President Donald Trump
and Brexit threatened the neoliberal agenda that has promoted
free enterprise and globalization. Understanding the rise of
nationalism provides an effective instrument for identifying
effective intervention measures. ( 400 words with space) and (
343 words with no space )
The election of President Donald J Trump and Brexit have
highlighted the resurgence of nationalism in the modern society
as workers who are anxious about the effects of globalization on

their employment chances turn on outsiders. In addition, the
strong performance of Marine Le Pin in the presidential election
in France and the resurgence of nationalist parties in Eastern
Europe have increased the anxiety of stakeholders about the rise
of nationalism and its implications for the society.
( 492 words with space ) and (145 words with no space) one of
them will be an introduction.
The rise of nationalism
Introduction
The rise of nationalism poses a threat to globalization and the
set of values that the international community has sought to
develop in the past. The election of President Donald Trump
and Brexit threatened the neoliberal agenda that has promoted
free enterprise and globalization. Understanding the rise of
nationalism provides an effective instrument for identifying
effective intervention measures.
View Audit
Please provide a brief (350-500 word) summary of your
research project, including background and rationale for your
study. Be sure to include in your description what kinds of data
you are planning to collect as part of your research (e.g.,
surveys, interviews, observations, etc.).
This section is more than 500 words. You did not include the
type of data you are planning to collect.
The study will involve the use of both primary and secondary
data. The survey questions will enable the researcher to collect
primary data. In contrast, the literature review will highlight
theories and information from secondary sources that will
enhance the ability of the researcher to identify the variables
that are causing resurgence in nationalism in the society.
Theories of governance
The evaluation of governance requires a consideration of
two leading narratives on the subject. The first narrative is

neoliberal and involves a consideration of the role of choice in
the decision-making processes of an individual. The other
approach involves a consideration of networks associated with
institutionalism (Ansell & Torfing, 2016). The decentered
theory of governance seeks to address the weaknesses of the two
narratives because of the positivism recognition of the inability
of persons to make informed rational choices. The agency
theory postulates that the goals of an agent may be different
from those of the principal. As a result, it is evident that elected
leaders may have other incentives to pursue policy outcomes
that are inconsistent with the needs of their electorate. For
instance, the influence of donors and lobbyists has resulted in a
division between the electorate and their elected leaders.
Stewardship theories argue that leaders serve as agents of the
principal. In addition, it holds that both the principal and the
agent have shared goals. Resource-Dependence theories argue
that leaders have the responsibility to allocate the limited
resources that are provided by agents to enhance the ability of
the group to achieve shared outcomes. The theories highlight
the role of elected leaders in the governance of a modern
society. However, they also recognize the factors that determine
the performance of the elected leaders. For instance, it is
evident that the resources available to the country and the
interests of individual leaders have a consequential impact on
their ability to represent the needs of their people. The
international “relations” theory captures the increased
integration in the modern age (Ansell & Torfing, 2016). As a
result, individual countries are increasingly required to
implement policies that recognize respect for shared norms and
goals among the international community.
Representative democracy versus other systems
In representative democracy, people exercise indirect
control in the decision making process by identifying
individuals who can represent them. The people vote in regular
periodic elections to elect their leaders. Political leaders are
expected to share their ideas with the people who determine the

ones that they are most comfortable with (Urbinati, 2006). In a
representative democracy, the politicians have to continually
seek a renewal of their mandate from the voters. In contrast, in
a republic the state holds a lot of control over each stage in the
decision-making process. Dictatorships prohibit alternate
political ideas and contests. As a result, the people are locked
out from the decision-making process. In communism,
politicians are expected to champion a set of values and ideas
that serve to strengthen their country. In a monarchy, the
political process is left to the King and his advisors who assist
the King to make a wide range of
choices.
Governance data
The government relies on large volumes of data the
formulation of policies. The government utilizes census data to
determine both the current and emerging needs of the
population. The government relies on the data provided by the
private sector to determine the economic performance of the
country. In addition, the government uses official records such
as immigration data and other records from its institutions to
understand different phenomena in the country. It also uses data
from international institutions such as the World Bank and the
International Monetary Fund, which have a lot of experience in
the management of public data. They play an important role in
ensuring that the government is able to make informed choices
about the needs of its population. The political leaders rely on
public opinion to measure the feelings of a majority of the
population on relevant issues. Consequently, the policies that
are implemented in a country are a function of both the needs of
the society as highlighted by public data, public opinion and the
aspirations of key stakeholders in the society.
Actors and processes in policymaking

Different countries across the world are facing a wide
range of challenges that require effective policy responses. The
challenges may have social, economic and environmental effects
on the society. Policy is one of the tools that are used by
governments at different levels to address the challenges that
people may be facing. Policy is a purposive set of actions that
are intended to achieve a desirable outcome in a target
population (Anderson, 1979). It is chosen from the available
alternatives in response to the set of challenges that the people
are facing.
Public policy comprises of a series of interconnected
smaller processes. It involves formulation, implementation and
evaluation to determine its effects on the society. Policy actors
can be categorized into two key players; official and non-
official ones (Ikelegbe, 2006). Unofficial policy makers do not
have to hold political positions. Instead, they enjoy a lot of
influence over the actors who are directly involved in the public
policy formulation process. For instance, donors and interest
groups can influence the positions that politicians hold on key
policy positions because of the influence that they have
(Tantivees & Walt, 2008). In contrast, official policy makers
possess the legal authority to formulate the policies.
Official policy makers can be further subdivided into
primary policy makers and supplementary policy makers
(Poopola, 2016). Primary policy makers have the constitutional
authority to engage in the policy making process. They have a
responsibility of formulating policies such as Congress.
Supplementary policy makers receive their authority to enact
policies from the primary policy makers (Poopola, 2016). They
include agencies and institutions such as the Environmental
Protection Authority that have the authority to design policies
in their sectors.
The executive plays a crucial and integral role in the
public policy formulation process. The term ‘executive centered
era’ is used to refer to the influence and leadership of the
Executive in the public policy formulation process. The

Executive determines the rules and laws that are implemented in
the country. The priorities of the Executive determine the
policies that are implemented. The increasing power of the
Executive in the modern age requires that all policies that are
implemented should reflect the will and spirit of the head of
state and government.
The Legislative is used in the deliberation of policies to
ensure that they reflect the will of the people. The Judiciary
plays an important role in the interpretation of laws to
determine if they are consistent with the national constitution
and international human rights. Administrators are tasked with
the implementation of policies. They ensure that the enacted
policies are implemented within their jurisdiction.Unofficial
policy makers include individual citizens whose participation is
integral in ensuring that the process yields desirable outcomes
and meets constitutional provisions. In addition, public parties
hold values and ideologies that determine their position on
proposed policies. Interest groups have an important role in
ensuring that the proposed policies address the concerns of the
stakeholders who will be affected by them.
Policy implementation outcomes
The implementation of policies may have a wide range of
immediate and long-term effects on the target population. For
instance, the free trade agreements that were championed in the
1990s and early 2000s led to increased competition. It also
created an enabling framework for companies to outsource their
labor to countries with the cheapest labor while protecting
professionals. The result led to increased disenfanchisement
among the people because it undermined the ability of blue
collar employees to have sustainable growth. The rise of
nationalism has been fueled by concerns over the negative
effects of free trade agreements on the welfare of the people.
Public policy may have many non-intended effects in both the
short-term and long-term (Koduah, van & Agyepong,
2015). Consequently, the participation of all stakeholders in the
policy making process is critical in ensuring at their interests

are addressed. Furthermore, it is imperative for policies to be
changed to respond to changing circumstances in the society.
Policies in a country can be changed as the outcomes are felt to
address emerging
Section C Review Type
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Please choose the appropriate risk determination.
MinimalMinimal risk means that the probability and magnitude
of harm or discomfort anticipated in the research are not greater
in and of themselves than those ordinarily encountered in daily
life or during the performance of routine physical or
psychological examinations or tests. If you are working with
vulnerable populations or ask questions that may expose
criminal activities or abuse, please choose Full Committee
Review. Any applications with more than minimal risk will
require Full Committee Review.
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Which level of review do you believe best matches your
research (Exempt, Expedited, or Full Board)?
ExemptFor more information, view the categories on the APUS
IRB Website.
Section D Study Funding
If the study is dependent on grant funding, please submit the
protocol after you have received a fundable score or notice of
grant award unlessthe granting agency requires IRB review (or
approval) at the time of submission. Check with your funding
agency on their requirements.
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Are you applying for or have you received research funding for
this study?
No
Section E Project Purpose
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In non-technical language, please describe the topic and scope
of the study.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the factors that have
resulted in the resurgence of nationalism and its implications on
the international community. The insights gained from this
study will form the basis for addressing the concerns that have
made some people in the West to reject globalization. It will
also provide an effective long-term strategy for protecting the
society from the systemic attempts aimed at closing individual
countries from each other. The insights gained from this study
will contribute towards the promotion of globalization and
collaboration efforts in the international community.
In spite of the committed support of President Donald
Trump for nationalism, he has continued to face sustained
opposition from members of Congress from both parties and the
business community. As a result, his actions have been limited
though they have undermined the role of the United States as
the guarantor of the free market system.
View Audit
In non-technical language, please describe your research
questions or hypotheses.
Your hypothesis should be something that you can actually test,
what's called a testable hypothesis. In other words, you need to
be able to measure both "what you do" and "what will happen."
Most of the time a hypothesis is written like this: "If _____[I do
this] _____, then _____[this]_____ will happen." Your
hypothesis should always explain what you expect to happen
during the course of your research.
The hypothesis of the study is that the rise of nationalism in the
present era is due to social-economic challenges that are
causing a concern over the impact that neoliberal globalization
will have on the culture of the affected community. It will also

highlight the role of political actors in heightening public
anxiety over the changes in the society
Your hypothesis should be an If then statement such as If ____
practicing rights increase, then ___ spending decreases.
Your hypothesis should be something that you can actually test,
what's called a testable hypothesis. In other words, you need to
be able to measure both "what you do" and "what will happen."
Most of the time a hypothesis is written like this: "If _____[I do
this] _____, then _____[this]_____ will happen." Your
hypothesis should always explain what you expect to happen
during the course of your research.
The rise of nationalism is a consequence of the anxiety that
people are experiencing in their interaction with others. It is an
intense form of patriotism, which is a result of the steps of the
people to protect their identity in the face of a rapidly changing
social climate (Kohl & Fawcett, 1996).Billionaire leaders such
as President Donald Trump have successfully tapped into the
discontent of the people with the existing global economic
system to further their political agenda. In addition, many
people have failed to understand the issues that are important to
the people who are feeling left behind by the globalization in
the society. Leaders recognize that a failure to manage the
resurgence of nationalism could undermine the ability of the
international community to tackle shared challenges that require
cooperation among different countries such as climate change
and global economic system.
Research Question
· What has caused the resurgence of nationalism?
Hypothesis
The examination of rising populism and nationalism in
different parts of the world is expected to demonstrate that the
rise of inequality due to neoliberalism is responsible for the

push for countries to retreat from the world stage. An
examination of Brexit, the election of President Donald Trump
and the resurgence of nationalist parties across Europe will
demonstrate that the intersection of globalization and
technology has contributed to create opportunities for only a
small segment of the global population. In light of this
hypothesis, it is expected that the path forward lie in
redesigning the global economic system to promote shared
prosperity in the world.
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In non-technical language, please describe how your study
contributes to knowledge in the field.
Actors and processes in policymaking
Different countries across the world are facing a wide
range of challenges that require effective policy responses. The
challenges may have social, economic and environmental effects
on the society. Policy is one of the tools that are used by
governments at different levels to address the challenges that
people may be facing. Policy is a purposive set of actions that
are intended to achieve a desirable outcome in a target
population (Anderson, 1979). It is chosen from the available
alternatives in response to the set of challenges that the people
are facing.
Public policy comprises of a series of interconnected
smaller processes. It involves formulation, implementation and
evaluation to determine its effects on the society. Policy actors
can be categorized into two key players; official and non-
official ones (Ikelegbe, 2006). Unofficial policy makers do not
have to hold political positions. Instead, they enjoy a lot of
influence over the actors who are directly involved in the public
policy formulation process. For instance, donors and interest
groups can influence the positions that politicians hold on key
policy positions because of the influence that they
have (Tantivees & Walt, 2008). In contrast, official policy
makers possess the legal authority to formulate the policies.
Official policy makers can be further subdivided into

primary policy makers and supplementary policy makers
(Poopola, 2016). Primary policy makers have the constitutional
authority to engage in the policy making process. They have a
responsibility of formulating policies such as Congress.
Supplementary policy makers receive their authority to enact
policies from the primary policy makers (Poopola, 2016). They
include agencies and institutions such as the Environmental
Protection Authority that have the authority to design policies
in their sectors.
The executive plays a crucial and integral role in the
public policy formulation process. The term ‘executive centered
era’ is used to refer to the influence and leadership of the
Executive in the public policy formulation process. The
Executive determines the rules and laws that are implemented in
the country. The priorities of the Executive determine the
policies that are implemented. The increasing power of the
Executive in the modern age requires that all policies that are
implemented should reflect the will and spirit of the head of
state and government.
The Legislative is used in the deliberation of policies to
ensure that they reflect the will of the people. The Judiciary
plays an important role in the interpretation of laws to
determine if they are consistent with the national constitution
and international human rights. Administrators are tasked with
the implementation of policies. They ensure that the enacted
policies are implemented within their jurisdiction.Unofficial
policy makers include individual citizens whose participation is
integral in ensuring that the process yields desirable outcomes
and meets constitutional provisions. In addition, public parties
hold values and ideologies that determine their position on
proposed policies. Interest groups have an important role in
ensuring that the proposed policies address the concerns of the
stakeholders who will be affected by them.
View Audit
Please include a concise literature review pertaining to the
proposed research study. Please provide a list of references for

all sources cited in this review.
This section should include a Literature Review, which surveys
publications (books, journals and sometimes conference papers)
on work that has already been done on the topic of your
research paper. It should only include studies that have direct
relevance to your research.
Literature Review The resurgence of nationalism can be linked
to concerns over the impact that globalism has on the
availability of opportunities for social and economic growth in
the society (Haidt, 2016). The core of the rise in nationalism is
economic factors and anxiety over the well-being of households
(Helleiner & Pickel, 2005). Nationalism continues to enhance
polarization as political actors rely on public anxiety to win
elections (Sauers, 2010). According to Serwer (2017),
nationalism is a wrong response to the challenges and
opportunities posed by globalization and a changing
international economic system. In particular, anti-immigration
is a manifestation of economic nationalism (Sharma, 2006).
ReferencesHaidt, J. (2016). When and Why Nationalism Beats
Globalism. The American Interest. 12(1):1. Helleiner, E., &
Pickel, A. (2005). Economic nationalism in a globalizing world.
Ithaca [u.a.: Cornell Univ. Press.Sauers, R. A. (2010).
Nationalism. New York: Infobase Pub.Serwer, A. (2017). The
Nationalist’s Deliusion. Retrieved from
https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/11/the-
nationalists-delusion/546356/Sharma, N. R. (2006). Home
economics: Nationalism and the making of 'migrant workers' in
Canada. Toronto [u.a.: Univ. of Toronto Press.
This section should include a Literature Review, which surveys
publications (books, journals and sometimes conference papers)
on work that has already been done on the topic of your
research paper. It should only include studies that have direct

relevance to your research.
References
Brubaker, R. (1997). Nationalism reframed: Nationhood and the
national question in the new Europe. Cambridge [u.a.:
Cambridge Univ. Press.
Breuilly, J. (1994). Nationalism and the state. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press.
Calhoun, C. J. (1998). Nationalism. Minneapolis: University of
Minnesota Press.
Gans, C. (2003). The limits of nationalism. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Gellner, E. (1998). Nationalism. London: Phoenix.
Greenfeld, L. (2003). Nationalism: Five roads to modernity.
Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Haidt, J. (2016). When and Why Nationalism Beats Globalism.
The American Interest. 12(1):1.
Helleiner, E., & Pickel, A. (2005). Economic nationalism in a
globalizing world. Ithaca [u.a.: Cornell Univ. Press.
Hutchinson, J. (2000). Nationalism: Critical concepts in
political science. London [u.a.: Routledge.
Joireman, S. F. (2003). Nationalism and political identity.
London: Continuum.
Kohl, P. L., & Fawcett, C. P. (1996). Nationalism, politics, and
the practice of archaeology. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Lomnitz-Adler, C. (2001). Deep Mexico, silent Mexico: An
anthropology of nationalism. Minneapolis: Univ. of Minnesota
Press.
Mis?c?evic´, N. (2000). Nationalism and ethnic conflict:
Philosophical perspectives. Chicago, Ill. [u.a.: Open Court.
Nairn, T. (1997). Faces of nationalism: Janus revisited. London:
Verso.
Sauers, R. A. (2010). Nationalism. New York: Infobase Pub.
Serwer, A. (2017). The Nationalist’s Deliusion. Retrieved from

https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/11/the-
nationalists-delusion/546356/
Sharma, N. R. (2006). Home economics: Nationalism and the
making of 'migrant workers' in Canada. Toronto [u.a.: Univ. of
Toronto Press.
Smith, A., & Berger, S. (1999). Nationalism, labour and
ethnicity, 1870-1939. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Smith, A. D. (1998). Nationalism and modernism: A critical
survey of recent theories of nations and nationalism. London:
Routledge.
Sin, K. (2006). Ethnic nationalism in Korea: Genealogy,
politics, and legacy. Stanford, Calif: Stanford Univ. Press.
Sim, J., & Wright, C. C. (2000). Research in health care:
Concepts, designs and methods. Cheltenham, Glos: S. Thornes.
Stebbins, R. A. (2001). Exploratory research in the social
sciences. Thousand Oaks, Calif. [u.a.: Sage Publications.
Smith, S. M., & Albaum, G. (2005). Fundamentals of marketing
research. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage.
Spencer, P., & Wollman, H. (2005). Nations and nationalism: A
reader. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press.
Sutton, J., & Austin, Z. (2015). Qualitative Research: Data
Collection, Analysis, and Management. The Canadian Journal of
Hospital Pharmacy, 68(3), 226–231.
Waldron, A. (2002). From war to nationalism: China's turning
point, 1924-1925. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zimmer, O. (2003). Nationalism in Europe, 1890-1940.
Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
Conclusion
To sum up, the rise of nationalism can be linked to the
failure of the neoliberal movement in ensuring there is inclusive
growth. The movement is motivated by economic concerns over
the welfare of the natives in a country. The failure of past
policies in creating shared prosperity is responsible for the rise
of nationalism. Consequently, understanding the rise of
nationalism and the most effective containment measures will
be essential in protecting the globalization movemen

References
Anderson, J.E. (1979). Public Policy-Making. New York, USA:
Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Ansell, C. K., & In Torfing, J. (2016). Handbook on theories of
governance. Cheltenham : Edward Elgar Publishing.
Ikelegbe, A.O. (2006). Public Policy Analysis. Concepts, Issues
and Cases. Lagos: Imprint Services.
Koduah, A., van Dijk, H., & Agyepong, I. A. (2015). The role
of policy actors and contextual factors in policy agenda setting
and formulation: maternal fee exemption policies in Ghana over
four and a half decades. Health Research Policy and
Systems, 13 (27): 1-20.
Poopola, O O. (2016). Actors in Decision Making and Policy
Process. Global Journal of Interdisciplinary studies, 5(1):47-51.
Tantivees, S & Walt, G. (2008). The role of state and non-state
actors in the policy process: the contribution of policy networks
to the scale-up of antiretroviral therapy in Thailand. Health
Policy and Planning, 23 (5): 328-338.
Urbinati, N. (2006). Representative democracy: Principles and
genealogy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Section F Participants
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In non-technical language, address the following:
Who will the participants be? How many participants?
Who are you interviewing or surveying?
The study intends to comprise of 100 participants. The
participants will be ordinary men and women living in the
United States. An effort shall be made to ensure that the
participants are drawn from multiple ethnic groups. In addition,

commenters, professors, media analysts and members of think
tanks that have researched the subject will also be included in
the study
100
View Audit
What is your inclusion criteria for screening participants?
How will you screen applicants? Above 18 what? Is this the
only criteria?
No.The participants will be ordinary men and women living in
the United States. An effort shall be made to ensure that the
the study
18 and above
View Audit
What is your exclusion criteria for screening participants?
under 18
View Audit
Where will participants be recruited?
What type of social pages?
The participants will be recruited on both online and offline
platforms. The approach will ensure that the study addresses the
thoughts of a wide range of stakeholders. It will also ensure that
participants are sourced from online communities and email
lists of professionals on the subject.
email in all my social page,

View Audit
Please describe the recruitment process.
The process show be described step by step.
Participants
The study involved 125 participants who were drawn from
different parts of the United States. The study comprised of 60
men and 65 women. However, only 100 participants returned
completed surveys. The data demonstrates recognition of the
challenges facing the community and the importance of the
framework, which should be used to achieve desirable
outcomes. The participants played an important role in
understanding the attitudes of the people towards nationalism
and its prevalence in the society.
3.6 Data Collection
The online survey was conducted using Google Forms and
shared online through social media platforms. The participants
did not have to include their names. However, they had to
indicate their age, ethnicity, gender and religion. In addition,
they had to indicate if they were employed, self-employed,
retired, students or unemployed. The bio data was instrumental
in understanding the prevalence of different attitudes across
different demographics. In addition, it involved recognition of
the important role of these factors in forming the behavior of a
person towards others.
The data collection process will be conducted with the aim of
ensuring that confidentiality and anonymity of the participants
are held. The anonymous online survey ensured that the
participants could provide honest feedback without fear of
being judged. In addition, the fact that it was conducted online
eased their ability to take part from the convenient of their
homes and offices. Sixty-five of the participants used a personal

computer to participate in the study. In contrast, thirty-five of
the participants used a mobile phone to take part in the study.
The participants were drawn from different parts of the United
States.
Data Analysis
The data analysis involved the evaluation of the information
provided by the participants about its alignment with the
existing body of knowledge on the subject. The information
provided by the participants provides an indication of the
prevalence of the attitudes of the people towards the issues,
which have a consequential impact on the attitude of a person
towards nationalism. The first step in qualitative data analysis
is the documentation of the information with the goal of
developing an in-depth understanding of the information
provided by the participants.
The conceptualization of the data will involve its evaluation
against the relevant theoretical framework and literature (Sutton
& Austin, 2015). The approach will play an essential role in
ensuring that the investigation of the attitudes of people
towards nationalism is anchored in the relevant theories and
body of knowledge. The collected data will be coded and
categorized to ease the data analysis and evaluation process
(Smith & Albaum, 2005). The categorization will also be
instrumental in enabling the researcher to establish
relationships between different themes. In particular, the
approach will be essential in creating a strong understanding of
the factors that cause the different attitudes towards nationalism
and its effects on the society.
Conversation Analysis will also be used to understand the
information gained by the researcher at different steps of the
research process. The data analysis process will seek to ensure
that the researcher can contextualize the findings of the study
on the relevant body of knowledge and theory. It also provides a
framework for the understanding of the intersection of different
factors in causing the prevalence of nationalism in the target
population.

The findings of the study will be displayed in a chart to ease the
ability of other readers to develop a strong understanding of the
phenomenon under study. The discussion of the findings of the
study will involve the evaluation of the percentages and
numerical data of the information provided by the participants.
The approach will be essential in the authentication of the
conclusions of the study. The conclusions of the study will be
linked to the existing framework. In addition, an effort shall be
made to create reflexivity in the presentation of the findings of
the study.
Conclusion
The research methodology will focus on enabling the researcher
to develop an in-depth understanding of the prevalence of
nationalism and the factors that have contributed towards the
rise of the practice. The 100 participants who returned
completed anonymous surveys were from different social-
cultural and economic backgrounds. As a result, they were able
to develop an in-depth understanding of the prevalence of
nationalism in across different communities and the factors,
which contribute towards their cause.
post on my media, all i people i know friends and family
View Audit
Which members of the Research Team will be directly involved
in the recruitment process?
my self
View Audit
Please choose all appropriate participant types.
Healthy adults
View Audit
Recruitment Materials
The document only says "Email and social media to get collect
the data." How are you going to recruit participants.
The participants will be ordinary men and women living in the

United States. An effort shall be made to ensure that the
the study
Email and social media to get collect the data.docx
Recruitment Materials
Recruitment materials could be an email, phone script, flyer, or
other means of recruiting participants. Please be sure to include
your affiliation with APUS in these materials.
Section G Research Design
View Audit
State the study activities in chronological order. Describe both
the activities conducted by members of the research team and
the activities of research participants. (e.g., screening, survey,
taking a test, answering questions in an interview, completing a
specific task, tasks on a computer, running on a treadmill,
debriefing, etc.) If videotaping, photographs, or audio-taping
will take place, explain how and why recording will occur.
What are the steps you will use for administering your survey?
What are the steps you will use for administering your survey?
The research methodology forms the basis for the collection of
data and its evaluation to ensure that the findings of the study
are anchored on the attitudes of the people towards the subject.
An exploratory research design will contribute towards an in-
depth understanding of the understanding of the target
population of nationalism and their willingness to embrace
effective intervention measures.
Research Design
An exploratory research design will be used because of the need
to develop a strong understanding of the nature of modernism in
the modern society. The focus of this research design is to form

the basis for increased examination of nationalism and its
prevalence in the modern society. Exploratory research design
forms the basis for the investigation of a subject and a directed
inquiry on the prevalence of the themes under investigation.
The goals of familiarity involve highlighting the settings,
details and concerns that would be instrumental in developing a
clear understanding of the prevalence of nationalism in the
modern society. It also seeks to develop a well-grounded picture
of the causes of the rise and spread of nationalism in the
society. The research design will also seek to generate new
ideas and assumptions that will govern the discussion on the
subject (Stebbins, 2001). It will also contribute towards the
generation of new ideas and hypothesis that will enable the
people to achieve desirable outcomes in the interrogation of the
issues associated with nationalism.
The exploratory research design will enable the researcher to
determine if it is possible to conduct an in-depth investigation
of nationalism and its spread across the world. It will also
determine the feasibility of researchers having a clear
understanding of nationalism and its occurrence in the society.
It also enables the stakeholders to refine issues and identify
appropriate sources, which would enable them to answer the
research questions. It also provides direction for future research
and the techniques, which should be developed to govern the
study.
The exploratory research design will contribute towards a better
understanding of the background of the study. It will also
enable the researcher to find answers on the causes of
nationalism; how its spread and the potential influence that it
may have on the society. It also provides an opportunity for the
identification of new terms and ideas that can form the basis for
a discussion of the topic. It is also used to generate hypothesis
and develop clearer research questions that can make a positive
impact on the existing body of knowledge on the subject (Sim,
& Wright, 2000). The insights that are gained from exploratory
research will enable policy makers to make effective

intervention measures, which are responsive to the needs of the
researchers.
Exploratory research design uses a small sample size, an
approach that reduces the ability of the researcher to make
generalizations. In addition, it may inhibit the ability of the
researcher to make definitive conclusions. The research design
lacks the rigorous standards that are required to enhance the
ability of a researcher to develop a clear understanding of the
issues concerning nationalism and the impact that they can have
on ability of the people to have an informed discussion on the
subject.
create survey
Research Instrument
Survey Questions
1. Have you heard of the term nationalism before?
Yes
No
I do not know
2. Do you believe nationalism exists in your country?
Yes
No
I do not know

3. Do you think nationalism is good?
Yes
No
I do not know
4. Do you believe the media has contributed towards the rise of
nationalism?
Yes
No
I do not know
5. Should liberals address the needs of nationalists?
Yes
No
I do not know
6. Do nationalists have a good vision for the country?
Yes

No
I do not know
7. Has the experience of nations with nationalism been positive?
Yes
No
I do not know
8. Do you believe that you are a citizen of the world?
Yes
No
I do not know
9. Does the West have a responsibility to assist others in the
society?
Yes

No
I do not know
10. Is racism still present in the society?
Yes
No
I do not know
11. Can the West create a more inclusive society?
Yes
No
I do not know
12. Is inclusive patriotism an effective response to nationalism?
Yes
No

I do not know
13. Is Trumpism a vision for the future of the United States?
Yes
No
I do not know
14. Can the United States become the city on the hill as
envisioned by President Ronald Reagan?
Yes
No
I do not know
15. Is the United States constitution foolproof from the assault
by nationalists?
Yes
No
I do not know

16. Are economic factors the most important drivers of
nationalism?
Yes
No
I do not know
17. Was Brexit a responsible outcome for the British?
Yes
No
I do not know
18. Will the resurgence of nationalism end?
Yes
No
I do not know

19. Will you join in resisting the resurgence of nationalism?
Yes
No
I do not know
20. What is the role of individual citizens in the fight against
nationalism?
Yes
No
I do not know
21. Define nationalism in your own words
………………………………………………………….
22. What do you think is the primary cause of nationalism?
……………………………………………………………
Be sure to include all the steps in the research process, such as
your methods of recruiting participants, getting informed
consent, collecting data, organizing data (e.g., downloading or
transcribing), and analyzing data.
View Audit
Which members of the research team will be involved in

collecting data from participants?
my self
View Audit
Explain how the data will be analyzed or studied; that is,
indicate the quantitative or qualitative data analysis methods
you will use.
Qualitative research will be used in this study due to the need to
synthesize existing literature on the subject and the perspectives
of stakeholders in the society
View Audit
Explain how the data will be reported in order to maintain the
confidentiality or anonymity of participants (i.e. aggregated,
anonymously, names used with consent, participants only
identified by professional role, etc.).
anonymouslyNote that confidentiality and anonymity are not the
same. See the IRB FAQs to review the difference between the
two.
View Audit
Please attach your research instrument, such as the survey or
interview questions you will use to collect data.
You did not attach the survey or interview questions.
Survey Questions
Survey/ Questionnaire Instrument
Section H Data Collection
View Audit
Choose the appropriate type(s) of data collection for your study.
Emailed Questionnaires
View Audit
Please choose your main data collection site.
Site: Online
View Audit
Please choose any additional sites.
No answer provided.
Section I Data Storage and Usage

View Audit
The following people will have access to this data. NOTE: If
you are a graduate student, include both yours and your
Instructors name as he/she should also have access to the data.
Dr.Parham and Teddy Gebremedhin
View Audit
The data will only be used by the following people: NOTE: If
you are a graduate student, do not include your instructors name
in this section.
Teddy Gebremedhin
View Audit
The data will be stored and safeguarded by: (i.e., password
protected, locked within a secure drawer/cabinet, etc. at the
following residence/business location):
Password protected computer
View Audit
The data will be used for the following purpose:
Capstone
View Audit
I will destroy the data in the following manner after the agreed
upon timeframe of 5 years: NOTE: Be sure to include
destruction plans for all forms of data collected (paper,
electronic, etc.) such as paper shredding and etc.
I will delete the data after 5 years
View Audit
Data Agreement
Were you to complete the Data Usage, Storage, and Destruction
agreement and attach it to your study?
Data Usage, Storage, and Destruction agreement, i will put an
appendix section before references
Agree
I agree to keep the collected data as part of my research for a
period of5 years. (Please make sure this timeframe is consistent

throughout your research design plan.)
I agree to limit the data usage to the purposes indicated on the
application. If, after the one year IRB approval has expired, I
intend to use the data again, I agree to seek additional IRB
approval.
Further, if my future use of the data departs significantly from
the purposes indicated on my IRB approved application, I agree
to seek new consent from participants.
If you have further questions or concerns about your rights as a
participant in this study, contact the IRB Chair
at: [email protected].
By selecting agree below I verify that I agree to the conditions
listed above.
Section J Informed Consent
View Audit
How will consent be obtained (e.g., signing a consent form in
person, online consent form as front page for online survey,
etc.)?
How will consent be obtained (e.g., signing a consent form in
person, online consent form as front page for online survey,
etc.)?
Online consent form as front page for online survey.
first survey of my page
View Audit
Which members of the research team are responsible for
obtaining consent from participants?
Teddy GEBREMDHIN
View Audit
What procedures are in place to reduce coercion? (e.g., co-
workers who might feel compelled to participate)
SINCE THE RESEARCH IS ANONYMOUS THERE IS NO
COERCION IN THE RESEARCH
View Audit

If participants are vulnerable populations, explain how you will
follow research ethics guidelines for obtaining consent.
Spell check your response and capitalize as needed.
There is no vulnerable populations in this research
there is no vulnerable population n the reasechFor example, if
you are working with children, you will need to obtain informed
consent from a parent or legal guardian and assent from the
child.
View Audit
Are you requesting a waiver of consent and/or a waiver of
documentation of consent?
No Waivers Requested
View Audit
Can you adequately state the true purpose of the study in the
informed consent, or will you employ deception or incomplete
disclosure?
True Purpose of Study Explained
Deception is not revealing the true purpose of the study, but
rather describing it as having a different purpose.
Incomplete disclosure is not revealing the complete purpose of
the study, but rather withholding information selectively.
View Audit
Consent Form
This is only a template.
ELECTRONIC CONSENT
Online Survey Consent Form
Click consent form template to download the APUS consent
form template.
Section K Risks to Subjects
IRBs must evaluate the risk-benefit ratio of proposed human
subject research. In approving a protocol, IRBs must determine

that the benefits outweigh the risks and that risks to subjects are
minimized. Research risk is the probability of harm occurring as
a result of participation in research.
View Audit
In non-technical language, address the following:
The types of risks (e.g., physical, psychological, social,
economic, legal, etc.) the subject may reasonably encounter.
Include any likelihood that questions may be sensitive or
stressful to the participants.
no risk
View Audit
Estimate the frequency/likelihood and magnitude of the risks
you identified (cite relevant literature, if available).
no riskRemember that "minimal risk" is equivalent to everyday
activities, and any other forms of risk should be described.
View Audit
Describe how data will be safeguarded to minimize risk to
participants (e.g., anonymous data, pseudonyms used, reported
aggregately).
people will be anonymous survey no risk
Remember that anonymous data cannot be traced to the
individual, as in an online survey of a random population
sampling or a de-identified dataset from another source.
Confidential data means that the identities of the subjects are
typically known to the researchers but are kept private as part of
minimizing risk, as in many interview or small survey
populations.
View Audit
How will subjects be explicitly informed if data will NOT be
anonymous?
people will be anonymous survey no riskFor example, if you are
planning to assign pseudonyms to participants, inform them of
this process.
View Audit
What actions would you take if a participant becomes
distressed, upset, or uncomfortable during the research process?

Spell check your work.
they can exit the survey
They can exit the surveyFor instance, you can offer to
discontinue the subject's participation or offer support
resources.
Section M Benefits
View Audit
Describe any direct benefits participants could potentially
receive (excluding compensation for participation). If there are
no direct benefits, explain what other potential benefits are
gained from the research (benefits to society, to the discipline).
no direct benefit to participantKeep in mind that the IRB needs
to weigh potential risks of the study against benefits to
participants.
Section N Incentives or Compensation
View Audit
Does this study involve incentives or compensation to the
subjects? For example cash, class extra credit, gift cards, or
items.
No
Section O Research Collaboration
View Audit
Does this study involve collaboration with a researcher who is
not affiliated with APUS?
No
PI Conflict of Interest
View Audit
Do you, the PI, have any conflict of interest related to this study
(e.g., potential financial gain linked to the research and/or
subject recruitment)?
No
PI Assurances Self-Submission
PI Assurances

As a PI, I certify the following:
· I have reviewed this protocol submission and acknowledge my
responsibilities as Principal Investigator.
· The information in this submission accurately reflects the
proposed research.
· I will not initiate this study until I receive written approval
from the IRB.
· I will promptly report to the IRB any unanticipated problems
and adverse events, as well as any findings during the course of
the study that may affect the risks and benefits to the subjects.
· I will obtain prior written approval for modifications
(amendments) to this protocol including, but not limited to,
changes in procedures and/or changes in personnel.
· I have completed the CITI Social and Behavioral Investigator
Training Module and have read the Belmont Report.
· All research personnel involved in the study have been
appropriately trained in human subjects’ protection. I accept
responsibility for assuring adherence to applicable Federal and
State research regulations and APUS polices relative to the
protection of the rights and welfare of the subjects enrolled in
this study.
· I have obtained, or will obtain, all necessary permissions from
study sites.
· Unless given Exempt Status, I understand that this study is
subject to continuing review and approval by the IRB which
will occur at least yearly.
By submitting this form, I am agreeing to the assurances above
and attesting to the accuracy of the information within.
Copyright ©2000-2018 Tech Software. All Rights Reserved.
Steampunk
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0ed645)
TP-WEB01 at 2018-06-19 15:39:09Z
Page generated in 0.336 seconds.

CLASSMATES EXAMPLES
1. Picasso chose the color, lines and shapes that he did to set
the mood of the painting. Black and white can help transform
your feelings with the use of shadows, the contrast,and the light
. In 1937, Picasso expressed his outrage against war with
Guernica, his enormous mural-sized painting displayed to
millions of visitors. Much of the painting’s emotional power
comes from its overwhelming size, approximately eleven feet
tall and twenty five feet wide. The visual elements contribute to
the strength of the political message, Picasso was sympathetic
to the Republican government of his homeland, was horrified by
the reports of devastation and death. Guernica is his visual
response, his memorial to the brutal massacre. The painting is
not easy to decipher. My eyes move towards the frenetic action,
figures begin to emerge. On the far left is a woman, head back,
screaming in pain and grief, holding the lifeless body of her
child. Probably the most devastating and unforgettable image in
the painting. All the faces are distorted in agony eyes are
dislocated, mouths are open. “The horse and bull are images
Picasso used his entire career, part of the life and death ritual of
the Spanish bullfights he first saw as a child”. Picasso said only
that the bull represented brutality and darkness, adding “It isn’t
up to the painter to define the symbols. Otherwise it would be
better if he wrote them out in so many words. The public who
look at the picture must interpret the symbols as they
understand them” (Robinson)
2. This painting was created in response to the Nazi bombing of
the town of Guernica, a Basque country village in northern
Spain, at the request of Spanish Nationalists.
I think Picasso’s choice to paint in blank, white, and gray
colors was to bring out the gruesome scenes of pain and chaos
caused by the bombing. It gives the right somber mood of the

devastation left behind. The lines and shapes connect the
ramifications of a war to the individuals who witnessed and
perished during the attack.
The visual elements in this painting, in my opinion, send a
message that a war is a devastating destructive power, a war
that brought defeat to the people in this town, and the horrific
desperation of those who cannot defend themselves, which at
the time were mostly women and children since many of the
men were away fighting on behalf of the Republicans.
As previously stated, the demographic of the town at that time
were mostly women and children, and so Picasso depicted those
figures in closed quarters and in outcry of horror. Perhaps his
decision to include a woman and a child was to imply
vulnerability, for the inclusion of a dying soldier to suggest
defeat, and for the horse and bull, resiliency and angry protest.
Picasso may had seen women and children as vulnerable and
innocent and thus more susceptible to the consequences of war
and an assault to humanity, especially if most of the town’s men
are not there to protect them. He also found out about the
bombing via newspaper and made him detest the military class
that had caused so much pain to the Spanish people of this
town.
3. Picasso’s painting Guernica depicts the village of Guernica,
after it was bombed by Hitler’s German air force. The
composition of Picasso’s painting is very complex and has many
components. For example, I believe Picasso chose the colors
black and white as a memorial to the people who had fallen
during the bombing. These colors also add to the dramatic
nature of the work, as these colors are two extremes and often
suggest death. Similarly, the lines and shapes
in Guernica overlap, further creating chaos within the painting.
The jagged geometric shapes add to overall feeling that the
painting gives, terror. All of these visual elements contribute to
the strength of the political message by portraying the event as
chaotic, scary and unnecessary, all things which the general

population sympathizes with.
Picasso’s Guernica depicts many different figures to represent
the chaos and horror that occurred during the events. For
example, on the left it depicts a woman holding her dead child.
Women and children, specifically the family, were very
important to people during this period, causing the audience to
feel sympathy when seeing Guernica. Another example of the
horror can be seen by looking at the dead man with a detached
arm right below the woman and her child. Picasso also includes
two other prominent figures, a horse and a bull. These figures
seem to be helpless and confused, further representing the chaos
that ensued in the event. Also, as they are animals, they
represent an innocent death. The choosing of these figures
makes sense as they were prominent in Spanish culture, and
thus were important to Picasso personally. These figures were
also important to Picasso politically, because he was Spanish,
and by painting such a sentimental and dramatic piece he
obviously was supporting his home government in the 1936
Spanish Civil War.
4. Pablo Picasso took the bombing of Guernica to heart. The
darkness of the painting comes from the newspaper article about
the bombing in which Picasso envisioned this as a night
massacre when it happened during the daytime. Since the focus
should be on each object in the painting, he uses straight lines
to make those objects distinct. The jagged edges may be used
to convey the turmoil of the scene. Since each element (object)
represents a specific person, place or thing in Picasso’s life, he
made sure that everyone could clearly see them, making his
political statement strong.
Picasso included the following items: massive bull (this
represents the city of Spain and its bullfighting history),
wounded horse (the many tick mark lines represent the
newspaper article after the Guernica battle), candlelight bearer

(this represents a former project of Picasso’s in which that light
bearer represented art), fallen warrior + mother crying at child’s
death (represents the people of Guernica who died in the
bombing), figure with stigmata hands (refers to the Goya
painting which has the same stigmata hands which was to
portray the 3rdof May battle), and the eye with lightbulb
(portrays the evil, like the searchlight of the planes that bombed
Guernica). Picasso chose those elements, like a dying soldier
and mother & child, to show how truly horrible the bombing
was because it killed every type of person, not just military.
These symbols may have been personal to Picasso because he
also had children and has being influenced by Vincent Van
Gogh and his portrayal of bullfighting. Picasso also was against
the war and Ferdinand Franco and had previously made a comic
strip to speak out against Franco, including those elements in
this painting.
5. Picasso Guernica (1937) This was done during a market day
with high crowd numbers.
I think Picasso chose the color, lines and shapes that he did
because he wanted to stress that this event was black, evil and
those killed which were over 400 civilians we innocent. People
will make the statement that something that is easy to
understand it’s all black and white. The Nazi Luftwaffe were
known to do these types of bombings called terror bombings;
not just to take over but to break the spirit of the people they
wanted to control. That is pure evil. He is able to give you all
this information like a newspaper which is also black and white,
matter of fact and powerful. Good vs Evil. The emotions are
strong and present. He is a very talented artist that can meld
these abstract pieces which when placed together give you the
sadness and painful side of war.
I do not see a horse, to me that is a German Shepard, to
resemble the Nazi Regime. The bull is the Spanish Government
for the bull fights. His body faces the dog about to bite but his

neck and head are turned blindly to it and allowing the dog to
strike. They say he has the tree of Gernika which he uses an
oak to symbolize the freedoms of the Spaniards. The anguish
on the faces included on those that are suffering at this event.
The eye is open and casting light on the event. The body at the
right of the painting is moving from right to left stretching out
almost dragging himself in angst towards the atrocity that is
happening in the left side of the painting. The arm holding a
light out to again shed light to this horrible event. Picasso must
have seen himself as the arm bringing light. His paint brush
showing us how it all went down. Why would he not be the
eye? Because I think the all-knowing eye would be
presumptuous to assume. He may have left that thought to be
for the government.
This is a very interesting piece with so much to interporate. I
have viewed this several times and I keep seeming new things
and possible directions for the art to take on.
6. In Picasso's Guernica, a response to the German bombings
of the town of Guernica in Spain, he chose to use straight lines,
many that overlap, black and white color, and some very unique
shapes. I believe Picasso used line, color, and shape the way
that he did to depict a very particular message of chaos and
sorrow. The straight lines used helps individualize the objects
in the work of art, but the overlapping straight lines suggest a
very chaotic scene. The black and white colors help set the
sorrow mood and suggests this was a violent event that caused
many people death and harm. The unique shapes Picasso used
helps draw your attention to each individual object, but may
also suggest that many people have had their lives distorted due
to this event.
These visual elements contribute to the strength of the political
message by amplifying and contextualizing the message. As
many people read of this news in their newspapers I believe it
may have been hard to really understand the magnitude of the
events. Picasso's Guernica is a visualization Picasso had when

reading the horrid news, and I believe he used each visual
element to help contextualize and amplify how significant and
destructive of an event this was to the public.
Picasso included a few unique figures in this work of art. He
depicts a mother holding her dying child, a bull, a horse, and
the light is depicted like the sun. I believe Picasso depicted the
mother holding her dying child as a symbol to the viewer of the
pain and death that was caused by this event. This really relays
the message that there was a catastrophe and significant life
lost. The depiction of the horse and bull I believe were major
symbols of Spanish culture, as well as symbols from Picasso's
childhood. This gives the work of art a much more personal
touch to the Spanish and Picasso himself. The light depicted
like the sun I believe is actually meant to represent a bomb.
Although this was not a nuclear bomb, many bombs have been
said to have similar power to a star, which is what our sun is. I
think this light was meant to be the bomb dropping in on the
town of Guernica. Politically, I think these symbols depicted
by Picasso show his displeasure with the war. The distortion,
gloom, and darkness do not tell a supporting story for the war,
but rather a negative one. This is not a painting to support the
war, but rather show the dark sides of what war can do.
Please DO NOT copy just like in the examples above.. she
checks!! Please read and do it well!
Picasso's Guernica
Picasso's antiwar icon, Guernica (1937) is large, overwhelming,
and emotional. In this discussion, discuss the who, what, when,
where, why, and how of this great work. Consider the following
questions below in drafting your post.
1. Why do you think Picasso chose the color, lines and shapes
that he did?

2. How do these visual elements contribute to the strength of
the political message
3. What figures did he include and how did he depict them?
4. What decisions must he have made when including those
figures (for example, why include a mother and child? a dying
soldier? a horse? a bull?)
5. How might these figures be symbolic to Picasso both
personally and politically?
DO NOT COPY THE ANSWERS EXACTLY OR USE
WIKIPEDIA.. NO PLAGIARISM HE CHECKS FOR IT!
The IRB has the following concerns with your application: This
is a feedback please ASAP.
There are still some questions with answers in the blue note
boxes that will need to be moved to the question answer fields.
(RESEARCH DESIGN FIELD)
· Anonymous will need to be changed to confidential
consistently throughout the application and supporting
documents.
· Directional text for building the consent form as the
student has been left on the final draft of the consent form.
· The consent form has no disagree option.
· Only the final copy of the Consent Form should be left
uploaded to the application. Remove the excess.
· The consent form has language that could create a bias
response to the research. This will need to be removed.
· The recruitment material is not recruitment material; it is
more like a project summary. We will need to see all the
different forms of recruitment for what will be posted on online
platforms and offline platforms.
· There is no link to a survey or request to participate on

any of the recruitment materials.
· The recruitment process is too vague. What online and
offline platforms will be used? Be specific.
· How will people in offline platforms get to the online
survey?
· The survey uses terms such as liberals, Trumpism, and
other terms that can vary by individual perception or are not
truly easy to understand the meaning.
· Some of the survey questions are not appropriate yes or
no questions.
· The answer for “How will subjects be explicitly
informed if data will NOT be anonymous?” does not make
sense.
The IRB Committee is suggesting to complete the paper without
creating a new survey. Indicators of neo-liberal policy can
easily be gathered without surveying individuals, depending on
which factors you want to highlight.
https://europa.eu/european-union/documents-
publications/statistics_en
Also, there are news stories, election results, and polls to
measure the rise of nationalism in different countries. Here are
a couple examples just from a quick Google search. Use of data
from other researchers survey and polls is a completely valid
way to measure the rise of nationalism. It's easier too.
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36130006
http://www.centerforpolitics.org/crystalball/articles/new-poll-
some-americans-express-troubling-racial-attitudes-even-as-
majority-oppose-white-supremacists/
If you create and conduct your own survey, even if approved at
this point, will take too long.

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