An electric vehicle (EV) is a mode of transport which is powered by electricity. Unlike conventional vehicles that use a gasoline (petrol) or diesel-powered engine, electric cars and trucks use an electric motor powered by electricity from batteries or a fuel cell. A key advantage of EVs over other forms of transport is that they hold the potential to significantly reduce pollution by having zero exhaust emissions.

1. ELECTRIC VEHICLES
AND
IT'S FUTURE PROSPECT
Presented By
Engr. Md.Alauddin
Email: alauddineee28@gmail.com

2. What is Electric Vehicle ?
An EV is a shortened acronym
for an electric vehicle. EVs are
vehicles that are either partially
or fully powered on electric
power.

3. IC Engine Vs Electric Vehicle
Point of
Comparison
Internal Combustion Engine
Vehicle
Electric Vehicle
Source of power Diesel or petrol. Electricity obtained from charged batteries,
ultra-capacitors, etc
Prime mover Internal combustion engine. Electric motor
Impact on
Environment
ICEV emits green-house gases. No gas emission
Refilling time ICEV requires less refilling time
(approx. less than 5 min.).
EV has long charging time, about 0.5 to 8
hours.
Maintenance &
running costs
High. Low running and maintenance costs.
Efficiency The efficiency of IC engines is
about 30%.
The electric motors used in electric
vehicles have approximately 90%
efficiency.
Noise production Produce noise. Noise free operation.
Recovery of braking
energy
No Yes
Capital cost IC engine vehicles have average The initial cost of electric vehicles is high.

4. Types of Electric Vehicles

5. Types of Electric Vehicles
Fuel cell electric vehicle

6. BEV ELECTRIC VEHICLE ?
An electric vehicle (EV) is a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors or traction
motors for propulsion. An electric vehicle may be powered through a collector system by
electricity from off-vehicle sources.

7. KEY COMPONENTS OF BATTERY ELECTRIC VEHICLE

8. BATTERY PACK
Battery pack is the group of battery module.

9. BATTERY MODULE
A module consists of several cells
generally connected in either series
or parallel.

10. A cell refers to a single anode and cathode
separated by electrolyte used to produce a voltage
and current.
CELL

11. DC/DC CONVERTER
 Reduced voltage supply.
 Recharges the battery through DC converter.
 Supply the vehicle accessories power.

12.  Brushless DC or Induction AC Motor is used.
 Simpler to maintain, More durable, Smaller.
 85%–90% more efficient.
 Able to self-start.
TRACTION MOTOR

13. CONTROLLER
The controller takes the energy from
the battery pack and feeds it to the
motor in a regulated manner.
 EV controller offers speed control and
torque control

14. CHARGER
The charger brings the alternating current (AC) from
the grid or others system into the vehicle, and
converts (or “rectifies”) it into direct current (DC) to
charge the batteries.

15. POTBOX THROTTLE
This linear potentiometer is a sensor that produces a
resistance output proportional to its displacement or
position.
How much energy is needed it’s depend on the
throttle displacement.

16. WHAT IS HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE ?
A hybrid combines at least one electric motor with a gasoline engine to move the car, and its system
recaptures energy via regenerative braking.

17. KEY COMPONENTS OF A HYBRID ELECTRIC CAR

18. Electric generator: Generates electricity from the
rotating wheels while braking, transferring that energy
back to the traction battery pack. Some vehicles use
motor generators that perform both the drive and
regeneration functions.
KEY COMPONENTS OF A HYBRID ELECTRIC CAR

19. KEY COMPONENTS OF A HYBRID ELECTRIC CAR
Exhaust system:
The exhaust system channels the exhaust gases from the engine out through the
tailpipe.

20. KEY COMPONENTS OF PLUG IN ELECTRIC CAR
FUEL TANK
This tank stores gasoline on board
the vehicle until it's needed
by the engine.

21. WHAT IS PLUG IN HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE ?
A plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) is a hybrid electric Vehicle whose battery can be
recharged by plugging a charging cable into an external electric power source.

22. KEY COMPONENTS PLUG IN HYBRIDE ELECTRIC VEHICLE

23. WHAT IS FUEL CELL ELECTRIC VEHICLE?
FCEVs use a propulsion system similar to that of electric vehicles, where
energy stored as hydrogen is converted to electricity by the fuel cell.

24. Fuel tank (hydrogen):
KEY COMPONENTS OF FUEL CELL ELECTRIC VEHICLE
Stores hydrogen gas on board the vehicle until it's needed by the fuel cell.

25. Power Control Unit
Fuel Cell Stack
H2 Storage Tank
Traction Motor
KEY COMPONENTS OF FUEL CELL ELECTRIC VEHICLE

26. Fuel cell stack:
An assembly of individual
membrane electrodes that use hydrogen
and oxygen to produce electricity.
KEY COMPONENTS OF FUEL CELL ELECTRIC VEHICLE

27. KEY COMPONENTS OF FUEL CELL ELECTRIC VEHICLE
Battery (auxiliary)
Battery pack
DC/DC converter
Electric traction motor Fuel filler
Power electronics controller
Thermal system (cooling)
Transmission (electric)

28. Most Important Parameters for a EV
Battery Type
Battery Storage Capacity
Battery Life Cycle
Motor Capacity

29.  EVs have 90% fewer moving parts.
 Motor Efficiency 90%
 There is no need for a complicated gear system.
 Less maintenance
Benefits of Electric Vehicle
IC Engine EV Motor
Efficiency

30. Benefits of Electric Vehicle
Natural Gas 100TK
Electricity
60%
60TK
Transmission and
Distribution
85%
51TK EV Conversion
90%
46TK
EV System:
100 TK
20 TK
20%
IC System:
Natural Resource Utilization

31.  No green house gas emission.
 Noise free
 No hot air emission.
Benefits of Electric Vehicle
Environmental
Impact
IC Engine Electric Vehicle
Fuel type Kg of CO2 per unit of consumption
Natural gas 2.75 per liter
Diesel fuel 3.15 per liter
Petrol 3.3 per liter

32. What’s the obstruction to move EV in Bangladesh
Cost
Infrastructure
Skilled Manpower

33. LIMITATIONS OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE
 Electric cars have a shorter range than gas-powered cars.
 Recharging the battery takes time.
 They are usually more expensive than gas-powered cars.
 It can sometimes be difficult to find a charging station.

34. The Largest EV Companies