This document discusses issues and challenges related to e-learning. It begins with definitions of distance education and e-learning, noting that e-learning can be considered the latest form of distance learning enabled by technologies like the internet and world wide web. The document then outlines several technological and research challenges for e-learning, including developing new forms of interactive learning and knowledge facilities. It analyzes some recommendations, such as using artificial intelligence and semantic web technologies to create more intelligent and personalized e-learning systems. Finally, it discusses the growing market for e-learning and predicts continued expansion in the future.
E education or e Learning is the process of sharing knowledge through various channels such as e books, CDs, webinars, etc. Its main aim is to use digital technologies to enhance education. This new model of learning is radically changing our concept of education. It has revolutionized the conventional method of chalk and board style of learning. Today, e Learning is adopted in almost all training institutions, in both the public and private sectors. This article provides an introduction to e Education Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "E-Education: An Introduction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-4, August 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59812.pdf Paper Url:https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/59812/eeducation-an-introduction/matthew-n-o-sadiku
A Survey on E-Learning System with Data MiningIIRindia
E-learning process has been widely used in university campus and educational institutions are playing vital role to enhance the skill set of students. Modern E-learning done by many electronic devices, such as smartphones, Tabs, and so on, on existing E-learning tools is insufficient to achieve the purpose of online training of education. This paper presents a survey of online e-Learning authoring tools for creating and integrating reusable e-learning tool for generation and enhancing existing learning resources with them. The work concentrates on evaluation of the existing e-learning tools a, and authoring tools that have shown good performance in the past for online learners. This survey work takes more than 20 online tools that deal with the educational sector mechanism, for the purpose of observations, and the outcome were analyzed. The findings of this paper are the main reason for developing a new tool, and it shows that educators can enhance existing learning resources by adding assessment resources, if suitable authoring tools are provided. Finally, the different factors that assure the reusability of the created new e-learning tool has been analysed in this paper.E-learning environment is a guide for both students and tutorial management system. The useful on the e-learning system for apart from students and distance learning students. The purpose of using e-learning environment for online education system, developed in data mining for more number of clustering servers and resource chain has been good.
E-Learning: Challenges and Research Opportunities Using Machine Learning & Da...eraser Juan José Calderón
E-Learning: Challenges and Research Opportunities Using Machine Learning & Data Analytics
de ABDALLAH MOUBAYED 1 , MOHAMMADNOOR INJADAT1 , ALI BOU NASSIF2 , HANAN LUTFIYYA3 , AND ABDALLAH SHAMI1 1Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada 2Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates 3Computer Science Department, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada Corresponding author: Abdallah Moubayed (amoubaye@uwo.ca)
ABSTRACT
With the proliferation of technology, the field of e-learning has garnered significant attention in recent times. This is because it has allowed users from around the world to learn and access new information. This has added to the growing amount of collected data that is already being generated through different devices and sensors employed around the world. This has led to the need to analyze collected data and extract useful information from it. Machine learning (ML) and data analytics (DA) are proposed techniques that can help extract information and find valuable patterns within the collected data. In this paper, the field of e-learning is investigated in terms of definitions and characteristics. Moreover, the various challenges facing the different participants within this process are discussed. In addition, some of the works proposed in the literature to tackle these challenges are presented. Then, a brief survey about some of the most popular ML and DA techniques is given. Finally, some of the research opportunities available that employ such techniques are proposed to give insights into the areas that merit further exploration and investigation.
E education or e Learning is the process of sharing knowledge through various channels such as e books, CDs, webinars, etc. Its main aim is to use digital technologies to enhance education. This new model of learning is radically changing our concept of education. It has revolutionized the conventional method of chalk and board style of learning. Today, e Learning is adopted in almost all training institutions, in both the public and private sectors. This article provides an introduction to e Education Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Paul A. Adekunte | Janet O. Sadiku "E-Education: An Introduction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-4, August 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59812.pdf Paper Url:https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/59812/eeducation-an-introduction/matthew-n-o-sadiku
A Survey on E-Learning System with Data MiningIIRindia
E-learning process has been widely used in university campus and educational institutions are playing vital role to enhance the skill set of students. Modern E-learning done by many electronic devices, such as smartphones, Tabs, and so on, on existing E-learning tools is insufficient to achieve the purpose of online training of education. This paper presents a survey of online e-Learning authoring tools for creating and integrating reusable e-learning tool for generation and enhancing existing learning resources with them. The work concentrates on evaluation of the existing e-learning tools a, and authoring tools that have shown good performance in the past for online learners. This survey work takes more than 20 online tools that deal with the educational sector mechanism, for the purpose of observations, and the outcome were analyzed. The findings of this paper are the main reason for developing a new tool, and it shows that educators can enhance existing learning resources by adding assessment resources, if suitable authoring tools are provided. Finally, the different factors that assure the reusability of the created new e-learning tool has been analysed in this paper.E-learning environment is a guide for both students and tutorial management system. The useful on the e-learning system for apart from students and distance learning students. The purpose of using e-learning environment for online education system, developed in data mining for more number of clustering servers and resource chain has been good.
E-Learning: Challenges and Research Opportunities Using Machine Learning & Da...eraser Juan José Calderón
E-Learning: Challenges and Research Opportunities Using Machine Learning & Data Analytics
de ABDALLAH MOUBAYED 1 , MOHAMMADNOOR INJADAT1 , ALI BOU NASSIF2 , HANAN LUTFIYYA3 , AND ABDALLAH SHAMI1 1Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada 2Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates 3Computer Science Department, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada Corresponding author: Abdallah Moubayed (amoubaye@uwo.ca)
ABSTRACT
With the proliferation of technology, the field of e-learning has garnered significant attention in recent times. This is because it has allowed users from around the world to learn and access new information. This has added to the growing amount of collected data that is already being generated through different devices and sensors employed around the world. This has led to the need to analyze collected data and extract useful information from it. Machine learning (ML) and data analytics (DA) are proposed techniques that can help extract information and find valuable patterns within the collected data. In this paper, the field of e-learning is investigated in terms of definitions and characteristics. Moreover, the various challenges facing the different participants within this process are discussed. In addition, some of the works proposed in the literature to tackle these challenges are presented. Then, a brief survey about some of the most popular ML and DA techniques is given. Finally, some of the research opportunities available that employ such techniques are proposed to give insights into the areas that merit further exploration and investigation.
Bridging the gap of the educational system across different countries through...PhD Assistance
The gap in the educational system has been a major drawback globally. The idea and concept of E-Learning have been evolved as a result of many kinds of Research. E-learning has assisted in closing this gap. The main goal of the study is to offer quality education through e-learning by assessing the effectiveness of e-learning mode. The focus has been to assess the e-learning potential to provide a quality education through electronic means and also to evaluate the scope of e-learning. E-learning provides a better standard of living for students across the world. This paper deals with improving the student’s quality of education and their standard of living
Visite : https://www.phdassistance.com/blog/
Contact Us:
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COMPARING THE CHALLENGES OF IMPLEMENTING WEB-BASED AND TRADITIONAL TEACHING S...adeij1
Web-based teaching systems have several advantages and have the potential to benefit education greatly. It
is significant to carefully consider learners' and instructors' specific needs and circumstances when
deciding whether to use these systems. Using web-based and traditional teaching methods may be
appropriate to provide a well-rounded educational experience. It may be appropriate to use a combination
of web-based and traditional teaching methods to provide a well-rounded educational experience. Webbased teaching systems have the potential to greatly benefit education in developing countries by
increasing access to quality education and reducing the cost of delivering education. However, there are
also several challenges to implementing these systems in developing countries, such as limited
infrastructure and resources, limited access to technology, and low digital literacy. The purpose of this
review article is to analyse and contrast the efficacy of web-based teaching systems with traditional
teaching systems, assess their respective advantages and disadvantages, identify the factors that influence
their effectiveness, and conclude that web-based teaching systems offer certain benefits over traditional
teaching systems, including greater flexibility, convenience, and the capacity to deliver multimedia content.
However, traditional teaching systems also have advantages, such as the ability to provide face-to-face
interaction and immediate feedback. This review paper examines the factors that impact the efficacy of
both systems, such as the system's design, the quality of the educational materials, and the proficiency of
the instructor. Both systems have their strengths and weaknesses, and the best approach depends on the
specific needs and circumstances of the learner and the instructor
Comparing the Challenges of Implementing Web-Based and Traditional Teaching S...adeij1
Web-based teaching systems have several advantages and have the potential to benefit education greatly. It is significant to carefully consider learners' and instructors' specific needs and circumstances when deciding whether to use these systems. Using web-based and traditional teaching methods may be appropriate to provide a well-rounded educational experience. It may be appropriate to use a combination of web-based and traditional teaching methods to provide a well-rounded educational experience. Webbased teaching systems have the potential to greatly benefit education in developing countries by increasing access to quality education and reducing the cost of delivering education. However, there are also several challenges to implementing these systems in developing countries, such as limited infrastructure and resources, limited access to technology, and low digital literacy. The purpose of this review article is to analyse and contrast the efficacy of web-based teaching systems with traditional teaching systems, assess their respective advantages and disadvantages, identify the factors that influence their effectiveness, and conclude that web-based teaching systems offer certain benefits over traditional teaching systems, including greater flexibility, convenience, and the capacity to deliver multimedia content. However, traditional teaching systems also have advantages, such as the ability to provide face-to-face interaction and immediate feedback. This review paper examines the factors that impact the efficacy of both systems, such as the system's design, the quality of the educational materials, and the proficiency of the instructor. Both systems have their strengths and weaknesses, and the best approach depends on the specific needs and circumstances of the learner and the instructor.
Enriching E-Learning with web Services for the Creation of Virtual Learning P...IJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT:- The study aims at creation of virtual learning environment(VLE) using the context of web services .Now-a-days eLearning is gaining a wide spread acceptance since its inception. Much of the effort is placed on developing rich educational content & create global platform in which Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are used to transform education. Therefore education system need to be redesigned in a better way for which amalgamation of web services with eLearning is considered to solve the complex problems. The author tries to describe the web services architecture with the incorporation of eLearning that has defined a new way of learning. With the emergence of computer technology and urbane softwares, there is every possibility of enriching learning experience of students. Gamification, StoryBoard, Bring Your Own Device (BYOD), Localization are considered as supporting services for boosting up knowledge management process. Group Discussions, Twitter chats, Skype calls are performed in social learning. Web 2.0 services such as as blogs promote content creation, wikis make user enable of creating editable contents.
Recent Trends in E-Learning and Technologies IIJSRJournal
This work centers around the various advances accessible to help instructing and learning in e-Learning frameworks whose significance for schooling educators and framework designers is obvious. It is important to decide the most fitting e-learning advances to help the individual necessities in instructing, which make it conceivable to give the best learning freedoms to understudies, considering the current circumstance where instructive frameworks have quick requests got from the Covid 19 pandemic, which makes homeroom based instructive practices offer way to far off exercises. There are as of now drifts in the improvement of an assortment of accessible advances which might be outlined in Web environments and Virtual Reality among other arising advances; subsequently, the choice to utilize a specific innovation should be founded on strong exploration and obvious proof. This article audits a considerable lot of these e-Learning framework innovations and gives data, about their utilization, openings and patterns being developed.
ER Publication,
IJETR, IJMCTR,
Journals,
International Journals,
High Impact Journals,
Monthly Journal,
Good quality Journals,
Research,
Research Papers,
Research Article,
Free Journals, Open access Journals,
erpublication.org,
Engineering Journal,
Science Journals,
A Survey on Autism Spectrum Disorder and E-Learningrahulmonikasharma
Autism or mental imbalance is turmoil in the development and improvement of a mind or central nervous system that covers a huge range of skills, impairment and symptoms. The children who are experiencing autism (or mental imbalance) confront challenges in conveying and adjusting in the group as they experience difficulty in understanding what others feel and think. These days learning innovations changed instructive frameworks with amazing advancement of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Moreover, when these innovations are accessible, reasonable and available, they speak to more than a change for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder. In this paper, a writing study and foundation study is done on the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and E-Learning System for Autism Children.
Review of monitoring tools for e learning platformsijcsit
The advancement of e-learning technologies has made it viable for developments in education and
technology to be combined in order to fulfil educational needs worldwide. E-learning consists of informal
learning approaches and emerging technologies to support the delivery of learning skills, materials,
collaboration and knowledge sharing. E-learning is a holistic approach that covers a wide range of
courses, technologies and infrastructures to provide an effective learning environment. The Learning
Management System (LMS) is the core of the entire e-learning process along with technology, content, and
services. This paper investigates the role of model-driven personalisation support modalities in providing
enhanced levels of learning and trusted assimilation in an e-learning delivery context. We present an
analysis of the impact of an integrated learning path that an e-learning system may employ to track
activities and evaluate the performance of learners.
Developing online learning resources: Big data, social networks, and cloud co...eraser Juan José Calderón
"Developing online learning resources: Big data, social netorks, and cloud computing to support pervasive knowledge" de Muhammad Anshari & Yabit Alas1 & Lim Sei Guan
Published online: 21 May 2015 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015
Abstract
Utilizing online learning resources (OLR) from multi channels in learning activities promise extended benefits from traditional based learning-centred to a collaborative based learning-centred that emphasises pervasive learning anywhere and anytime. While compiling big data, cloud computing, and semantic web into OLR offer a broader spectrum of pervasive knowledge acquisition to enrich users’ experience in learning. In conventional learning practices, a student is perceived as a recipient of information and knowledge. However, nowadays students are empowered to involve in learning processes that play an active role in creating, extracting, and improving OLR collaborative learning platform and knowledge sharing as well as distributing. Researchers have employed contents analysis for reviewing literatures in peer-reviewed journals and interviews with the teachers who utilize OLR. In fact, researchers propose pervasive knowledge can address the need of integrating technologies like cloud computing, big data, Web 2.0, and Semantic Web. Pervasive knowledge redefines value added, variety, volume, and velocity of OLR, which is flexible in terms of resources adoption, knowledge acquisition, and technological implementation.
Bridging the gap of the educational system across different countries through...PhD Assistance
The gap in the educational system has been a major drawback globally. The idea and concept of E-Learning have been evolved as a result of many kinds of Research. E-learning has assisted in closing this gap. The main goal of the study is to offer quality education through e-learning by assessing the effectiveness of e-learning mode. The focus has been to assess the e-learning potential to provide a quality education through electronic means and also to evaluate the scope of e-learning. E-learning provides a better standard of living for students across the world. This paper deals with improving the student’s quality of education and their standard of living
Visite : https://www.phdassistance.com/blog/
Contact Us:
UK NO: +44-1143520021
India No: +91-8754446690
Email: info@phdassistance.com
COMPARING THE CHALLENGES OF IMPLEMENTING WEB-BASED AND TRADITIONAL TEACHING S...adeij1
Web-based teaching systems have several advantages and have the potential to benefit education greatly. It
is significant to carefully consider learners' and instructors' specific needs and circumstances when
deciding whether to use these systems. Using web-based and traditional teaching methods may be
appropriate to provide a well-rounded educational experience. It may be appropriate to use a combination
of web-based and traditional teaching methods to provide a well-rounded educational experience. Webbased teaching systems have the potential to greatly benefit education in developing countries by
increasing access to quality education and reducing the cost of delivering education. However, there are
also several challenges to implementing these systems in developing countries, such as limited
infrastructure and resources, limited access to technology, and low digital literacy. The purpose of this
review article is to analyse and contrast the efficacy of web-based teaching systems with traditional
teaching systems, assess their respective advantages and disadvantages, identify the factors that influence
their effectiveness, and conclude that web-based teaching systems offer certain benefits over traditional
teaching systems, including greater flexibility, convenience, and the capacity to deliver multimedia content.
However, traditional teaching systems also have advantages, such as the ability to provide face-to-face
interaction and immediate feedback. This review paper examines the factors that impact the efficacy of
both systems, such as the system's design, the quality of the educational materials, and the proficiency of
the instructor. Both systems have their strengths and weaknesses, and the best approach depends on the
specific needs and circumstances of the learner and the instructor
Comparing the Challenges of Implementing Web-Based and Traditional Teaching S...adeij1
Web-based teaching systems have several advantages and have the potential to benefit education greatly. It is significant to carefully consider learners' and instructors' specific needs and circumstances when deciding whether to use these systems. Using web-based and traditional teaching methods may be appropriate to provide a well-rounded educational experience. It may be appropriate to use a combination of web-based and traditional teaching methods to provide a well-rounded educational experience. Webbased teaching systems have the potential to greatly benefit education in developing countries by increasing access to quality education and reducing the cost of delivering education. However, there are also several challenges to implementing these systems in developing countries, such as limited infrastructure and resources, limited access to technology, and low digital literacy. The purpose of this review article is to analyse and contrast the efficacy of web-based teaching systems with traditional teaching systems, assess their respective advantages and disadvantages, identify the factors that influence their effectiveness, and conclude that web-based teaching systems offer certain benefits over traditional teaching systems, including greater flexibility, convenience, and the capacity to deliver multimedia content. However, traditional teaching systems also have advantages, such as the ability to provide face-to-face interaction and immediate feedback. This review paper examines the factors that impact the efficacy of both systems, such as the system's design, the quality of the educational materials, and the proficiency of the instructor. Both systems have their strengths and weaknesses, and the best approach depends on the specific needs and circumstances of the learner and the instructor.
Enriching E-Learning with web Services for the Creation of Virtual Learning P...IJERDJOURNAL
ABSTRACT:- The study aims at creation of virtual learning environment(VLE) using the context of web services .Now-a-days eLearning is gaining a wide spread acceptance since its inception. Much of the effort is placed on developing rich educational content & create global platform in which Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are used to transform education. Therefore education system need to be redesigned in a better way for which amalgamation of web services with eLearning is considered to solve the complex problems. The author tries to describe the web services architecture with the incorporation of eLearning that has defined a new way of learning. With the emergence of computer technology and urbane softwares, there is every possibility of enriching learning experience of students. Gamification, StoryBoard, Bring Your Own Device (BYOD), Localization are considered as supporting services for boosting up knowledge management process. Group Discussions, Twitter chats, Skype calls are performed in social learning. Web 2.0 services such as as blogs promote content creation, wikis make user enable of creating editable contents.
Recent Trends in E-Learning and Technologies IIJSRJournal
This work centers around the various advances accessible to help instructing and learning in e-Learning frameworks whose significance for schooling educators and framework designers is obvious. It is important to decide the most fitting e-learning advances to help the individual necessities in instructing, which make it conceivable to give the best learning freedoms to understudies, considering the current circumstance where instructive frameworks have quick requests got from the Covid 19 pandemic, which makes homeroom based instructive practices offer way to far off exercises. There are as of now drifts in the improvement of an assortment of accessible advances which might be outlined in Web environments and Virtual Reality among other arising advances; subsequently, the choice to utilize a specific innovation should be founded on strong exploration and obvious proof. This article audits a considerable lot of these e-Learning framework innovations and gives data, about their utilization, openings and patterns being developed.
ER Publication,
IJETR, IJMCTR,
Journals,
International Journals,
High Impact Journals,
Monthly Journal,
Good quality Journals,
Research,
Research Papers,
Research Article,
Free Journals, Open access Journals,
erpublication.org,
Engineering Journal,
Science Journals,
A Survey on Autism Spectrum Disorder and E-Learningrahulmonikasharma
Autism or mental imbalance is turmoil in the development and improvement of a mind or central nervous system that covers a huge range of skills, impairment and symptoms. The children who are experiencing autism (or mental imbalance) confront challenges in conveying and adjusting in the group as they experience difficulty in understanding what others feel and think. These days learning innovations changed instructive frameworks with amazing advancement of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Moreover, when these innovations are accessible, reasonable and available, they speak to more than a change for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder. In this paper, a writing study and foundation study is done on the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and E-Learning System for Autism Children.
Review of monitoring tools for e learning platformsijcsit
The advancement of e-learning technologies has made it viable for developments in education and
technology to be combined in order to fulfil educational needs worldwide. E-learning consists of informal
learning approaches and emerging technologies to support the delivery of learning skills, materials,
collaboration and knowledge sharing. E-learning is a holistic approach that covers a wide range of
courses, technologies and infrastructures to provide an effective learning environment. The Learning
Management System (LMS) is the core of the entire e-learning process along with technology, content, and
services. This paper investigates the role of model-driven personalisation support modalities in providing
enhanced levels of learning and trusted assimilation in an e-learning delivery context. We present an
analysis of the impact of an integrated learning path that an e-learning system may employ to track
activities and evaluate the performance of learners.
Developing online learning resources: Big data, social networks, and cloud co...eraser Juan José Calderón
"Developing online learning resources: Big data, social netorks, and cloud computing to support pervasive knowledge" de Muhammad Anshari & Yabit Alas1 & Lim Sei Guan
Published online: 21 May 2015 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015
Abstract
Utilizing online learning resources (OLR) from multi channels in learning activities promise extended benefits from traditional based learning-centred to a collaborative based learning-centred that emphasises pervasive learning anywhere and anytime. While compiling big data, cloud computing, and semantic web into OLR offer a broader spectrum of pervasive knowledge acquisition to enrich users’ experience in learning. In conventional learning practices, a student is perceived as a recipient of information and knowledge. However, nowadays students are empowered to involve in learning processes that play an active role in creating, extracting, and improving OLR collaborative learning platform and knowledge sharing as well as distributing. Researchers have employed contents analysis for reviewing literatures in peer-reviewed journals and interviews with the teachers who utilize OLR. In fact, researchers propose pervasive knowledge can address the need of integrating technologies like cloud computing, big data, Web 2.0, and Semantic Web. Pervasive knowledge redefines value added, variety, volume, and velocity of OLR, which is flexible in terms of resources adoption, knowledge acquisition, and technological implementation.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
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Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
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Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
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E-learning: Issues and Challenges
Article in International Journal of Computer Applications · July 2014
DOI: 10.5120/17004-7154
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2. International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 97– No.5, July 2014
20
E-learning: Issues and Challenges
Hemant Rana
SOCIS
IGNOU
New Delhi-68
Rajiv
SOCIS
IGNOU
New Delhi-68
Manohar Lal
SOCIS
IGNOU
New Delhi-68
ABSTRACT
Providing education and training to the masses on gigantic
scale, for economic survival and to meet the ever-changing
requirements of the society and also to meet the individual’s
special requirements and tastes, is not possible through the
conventional system of education based on brick-and-mortar
schools, colleges and universities. The World Wide Web
(WWW) is being used to improve communication,
collaboration, sharing of resources, promoting active learning,
and delivery of education in distance learning mode. Distance
Education, E-learning and Virtual Universities may provide
the desired solution. E-Learning may be taken as the latest
form of distance learning mediated by state-of-art
technologies like Internet and World-Wide-Web. In recent
years, many of the universities and educational institutions
worldwide offer online services such as for admissions,
virtual (online) learning environments in order to facilitate the
lifelong learning and to make this compatible with other
educational management activities. Current e-learning
research brings together pedagogical, technical and
organisational concerns within a wider set of socio-cultural
factors. Understanding issues &challenges in respect of e-
learning is of significant importance to the research
communities involved in e-learning and will have a significant
role in forming future practices. In consulting the INDIA
research community, a number of research issues &
challenges are required to be addressed to promote more
efficient learning techniques.
General Terms
e-learning, education.
Keywords
distance education, e-learning, education, WWW.
1. INTRODUCTION
In the previous (i.e., 20th) century, we witnessed an
unprecedented technological advancement ─ specially, in the
fields of electronic computing and communications ─
changing our lives and our perspective of the world in an
unimaginable way. The computing and communications
revolution, while improving quality of our life, has also
brought in its wake a number of challenges. The world has
become a (global) village [7]. The global village view of the
world presents us with a number of formidable challenges
including the ones due to the following facts:
The patterns of trade, competitions and
technological innovation are changing at an ever-
increasing rate.
There is exponential growth of knowledge, again, at
an ever-increasing rate.
There are world-wide social concerns for freedom
and general quality of life.
Demand for universal access in respect of
opportunities for relevant and quality education ─
especially for economic survival and advantage.
In view of the above-mentioned challenges, for a community
or nation to survive and lead, it is essential that at least, its
working-age group is provided means for mass
learning/education so that it is well-equipped with latest
required skills for various economic and intellectual activities.
Providing education and training to the masses on gigantic
scale, for economic survival and to meet the ever-changing
requirements of the society and also to meet the individual’s
special requirements and tastes, is not possible through the
conventional system of education based on brick-and-mortar
schools, colleges and universities. Distance Education, E-
learning and Virtual Universities may provide the desired
solution.
Continuous efforts in the field of communication technologies
have resulted in more efficient & cost effective mode of
learning as compared to traditional strategies of learning. Now
students & educators have better control on the process of
teaching & learning. However, from academic point of view,
two questions may arise immediately:
What does e-Learning mean exactly?
Is e-Learning really the best way to acquire knowledge or
education?
The answer to the first question cannot be given exactly,
because it is still a topic of research and discussions are still
going on. The concept like e-Learning is relatively a new term
and has been evolving over number of previous years.
Through this paper, author is trying to focus on various issues
and challenges in implementing E-learning system. E-
learning is a very broad area of research in terms of education
system. In this paper, it starts with an introduction on e-
learning system and followed by the some definitions on e-
learning and distance education. Section 3 is all about the
discussion on issues and challenges in different areas of e-
learning domain. In section 4, introduces analysis and
recommendations to overcome these challenges. And finally
section 5 tells you about future scope of e-learning.
2. SOME RELEVANT DEFINATIONS &
EXPLANATIONS
In order to set the subject matter in proper perspective it begin
with some brief descriptions [8].
Distance Education: As, later on, they are going to mention
that e-learning is the state-of-art computing and
communication mediated Distance Education; it is desirable
3. International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 97– No.5, July 2014
21
to enumerate the characteristic features of Distance Education,
which are identified by Keegan (1980) [1] , one of the
pioneers in the discipline, as follows:
The separation of learner and teacher
Influence of an educational organization
The use of media as a medium between a teacher
and a learner(like, TV, RADIO etc )
Facilitate two-way exchange of information
Learners as an individual rather than in group; and
Educators as an industrialized form
E-Learning: Rosenberg (2001) [2] Defines the term e-
learning as, the use of Internet technologies to deliver a broad
array of solutions that enhance knowledge and performance”.
e-learning is based on three fundamental criteria suggested by
Rosenberg [2]:
Networked for instant updating, distribution,
storage/retrieval and sharing of information.
Content delivery via computer using WWW.
It focuses on the broadest view of learning and
learning solutions.
Thus, e-Learning may be taken as the latest form of distance
learning mediated by state-of-art technologies like Internet
and World-Wide-Web. They must remember that e-Learning
is much more than online training or Computer-Based
Training (CBT), encompassing knowledge management and
electronic performance support, Computer –conferencing
enabling group communication, enabled by Internet and
WWW is one the key characteristics of e-learning which
makes it qualitatively much superior to the conventional
distance learning paradigm [2], [4] , [5].
Longmire (2001) states “e-Learning covers a wide set of
applications and processes such as computer-based learning
systems, Web-based learning systems, virtual classrooms, and
digital collaborative learning GroupWare packages. E-
Learning content is mainly delivered via Internet,
intranet/extranet, audiotape and videotape; satellite broadcast,
interactive TV, DVD and CD-ROM, and the still to emerge
wireless application protocols (WAP) “[3 ].
Computer - based conferencing that enables group
communication, and is itself enabled by Internet and WWW -
is one of the key characteristic of e-Learning which makes it
qualitatively much superior to the conventional distance
learning paradigm.
Key attributes of e-Learning, as subsumed by the above
definition, may be explicitly stated as:
Many-to-many (i.e. group) communication
Any place (place independence)
Any time (asynchronicity, time independence)
Text, enhanced by multi-media and
Computer-conferencing (i.e., computer mediated
messaging)
In order to facilitate learning & education, web is being used
as the backbone and we cannot underestimate its value in
delivery and promoting effective learning to the people.
For about last two decades, the World Wide Web(WWW) is
being used to improve communication, collaboration, sharing
of resources, promoting active learning, and delivery of
education in distance learning mode[6][16]. The WWW helps
teachers in planning suitable online delivery structure, sharing
goals of learning, and activities for their courses.
In recent years, many of the universities and educational
institutions worldwide offer online services such as for
admissions, virtual (online) learning environments in order to
facilitate the lifelong learning and to make this compatible
with other educational management activities[9]. For
example, a teacher may create a purely Web-based delivery
system including online handouts in respect of student’s
activities, projects and lists of resources for reference. The
students and other learners may access web-based material
anytime from anywhere in the world, being connected through
Internet[15].
3. ISSUES & CHALLENGES IN E-
LEARNING
3.1 Technological Challenges
The e-learning raises significant challenges in the
technological research area. For development of e-learning
resources that meet the users requirement need to be
addressed. The technological challenges of e-learning can be
considered as a two key technological research areas.
3.2 Development of New Forms of
Learning community and Interactive
Learning
In e-learning environments interaction, cooperation and
community play an important role to support learning. The
developments in the area of e-learning environments provide
new forms of interaction for learning experience. It generates
new relationships between learner and computer and also
form a new learning community. Key issues include:
New forms of multimodal interface to support
learning.
New techniques to understand and support learning
communities.
The development of systems to support mobile
communities of learners.
Personalisation techniques that meet user personal
needs and current activity.
Techniques to promote and support interaction.
Discovery of new learning communities.
Support for time to time assessment services.
3.3 Developing New Knowledge Facilities
for e-learning
e-learning environment needs to support the rapid increase in
the size and variety of data by appropriate semantic services.
The semantic services generate a surrounding semantic
context for learning support. Research that needs to work on:
Development of learning and reasoning theories for
uncertain and incomplete knowledge.
Support for the development of large-scale learning
facilities.
Support for a dynamic learning process.
Support for information sharing across different
learning facilities.
Developments of lightweight knowledge capture
technique for promotion of lifelong learning.
4. International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 97– No.5, July 2014
22
Development of learning support services as per the
requirement of different domains and users.
3.4 Research Issues for e-learning
Current e-learning research brings together pedagogical,
technical and organisational concerns within a wider set of
socio-cultural factors. These factors influence the research
agenda in e-learning system. Understanding these broader
social and cultural issues is of significant importance to the
research communities involved in e-learning and will have a
significant role in informing future practices. In consulting the
INDIA research community, a number of research issues
emerged:
Interdisciplinary, and the notion of multiple voices, is a
defining characteristic of the area. How do different research
perspectives influence the overall area? How do problems in
the practice of different disciplines differ in the adoption and
use of learning technologies?
Access and inclusion, includes issues around the widening
participation agenda. What are the barriers to inclusion and
what are the issues surrounding the extent of the digital
divide?
Change, and its relationship to learning technologies. How
does change impact upon motivational issues? What are the
drivers and rationales for change? What are appropriate
strategies for managing changes and mechanisms for their
implementation?
Convergence and interoperability, in terms of exploration
of different forms of convergence (organisational,
technological, pedagogical, sectoral, institutional, etc). How
well do they understand issues of globalisation and scalability
standards to support interoperability? These are complex
relationships. A current focus is also on standardisation across
the pedagogical, technical, organisational and human aspects
versus critique of convergence.
Interactivity and social interaction: How does the
interactivity of different tools relate to, or impact upon, the
nature of the medium? How is interactivity expressed at
different levels of organisations, and how have organisational
boundaries and functional groupings blurred as a consequence
of new technologies? What potential do the new technologies
have to enhance communication and collaboration and also
creating new communities and networks?
4. ANALYSIS & RECOMMENDATIONS
According to the study, learning contents and learning
communities got the highest priority in e-learning research. In
these areas, lots of development has to be made. As
technology is growing day by day, learner interest in e-
learning increases very rapidly. Now researcher has begun to
work on the designing new e-learning methodologies that can
work according to learners' interest and preference. For
predicting learner interest, they have to study learner
behavior, learning style by their online activities and search
criteria.
Experts in the field believe that some of the most promising
features of modern e-learning platforms will be Web with
intelligence, i.e., an intelligent web. Applications will work
intelligently with the efficient use of Human-Computer
interaction (HCI) and intelligence. Different Artificial
Intelligence (AI) based tools & techniques (such as, rough
sets, fuzzy sets, neural networks, machine learning etc) can be
integrated with the e-learning applications to support
intelligence [10].
In support of e-learning on the web, a new version of World
Wide Web called Web 3.0 has been proposed as a possible
future consisting of the integration of high-powered graphics
(Scalable Vector Graphics or SVG) and semantic data. There
have also been discussions around 3-D social networking
systems and immersive 3-D internet environments that will
take the best of virtual worlds (such as Second Life) and
gaming environments and merge them with the Web. Web 3.0
based e-learning services will be having constructive impact
on education. Web 3.0 technologies offer benefits of 3D-
wikis, 3D Labs; Intelligent Agent based search engines,
Virtual environments like Avatar, Semantic Digital Libraries
that may result in added advantage in delivery of effective e-
learning to the mass [9][13].
Fig 1: Web 3.0 Tools & Services
Semantic web is another promising technology for realisation
of e-learning requirement. In the simplest terms, we can
define Semantic Web as a relationship between things,
described in a manner which makes people and machines able
to understand [9]. One of the objectives of Semantic Web is to
identify, recognise and extract the exact required data that
matches the keywords provided by the user. semantic web
facilitates flexible and personalised access to the learning
material. semantic web is suitable platform for
implementation of e-learning environment because it provides
ontology-based annotation of learning materials, ontology
development and proactive delivery of the learning materials
through e-learning systems [11].
e-learning is a complex system with multiple forms and
different level of interest of learner. To make e-learning
system to more interactive for learner, researchers need to
take decision at every level of learning cycle. A Decision
Support System (DSS) is an interactive information system
that provides models, data manipulation tools and
information. DSS helps to make decisions in semi-structured
and unstructured situation [12]. By offering such approach,
education system could play much better for student centric
operation towards positive improvement of his performance
[9].
5. International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 97– No.5, July 2014
23
5. FUTURE OF E-LEARNING
Over the past few years, adoption of technology in the
education has increased significantly. Most of the universities
like to invest in modern forms of learning, therefore it may be
seen that the growth of e-learning is expanding tremendously.
The new form of education through technology is attracting
entrepreneurs around the world to invest and develop new
forms of e-learning products.
According to recent studies done by Docebo[14] in 2014, the
global market growth for Self-Paced E-Learning reached
$35.6 billion in 2011. The five- year compound annual growth
rate for e-learning is estimated approximately 7.9%. Hence,
the global revenues should reach approximately $51.5 billion
dollars by 2016 as shown in figure 2.
Fig 2: Global E-Learning Market [14]
Studies shows aggregate e-learning growth 7.9% annually
worldwide but regional growth is somehow much more in
some specific continents. According to figure 3, the highest
growth rate is in Asia at 17.3%, followed by Eastern Europe,
Africa, and Latin America at 16.9%, 15.2%, and 14.6%,
respectively. Entrepreneurs from the world are attracting to
this market as the revenues generated in this market are
extremely high.
Fig 3: Regional E-Learning Market [14]
In Asia, specifically, Indian universities are focusing into
effective higher distance education to provide cheaper
effective education to the learners. India has become a mature
player for higher distance education in the Asian E-Learning
market.
6. CONCLUSION
This paper discusses about the formulation of the problem and
their need and prospects in today’s education field. We
discussed why e-Learning is required at all, followed by
relevant definitions quoting some pioneers in the field.
Through this paper, we trying to focus on various issues and
challenges in implementing E-learning system. E-learning is a
very broad area of research in terms of education system. Web
3.0 technologies offer benefits of 3D-wikis, 3D Labs;
Intelligent Agent based search engines, Virtual environments
like Avatar, Semantic Digital Libraries that may result in
added advantage in delivery of effective e-learning to the
mass. Semantic web is another promising technology for
realisation of e-learning requirement. In view of the facts that
AI technologies plays significant role in almost every domain
of human experience, specially, when the domain is complex.
Modern e-learning platforms are required to be equipped
intelligence, i.e., an intelligent web. Applications can work
intelligently with the efficient use of Human-Computer
interaction (HCI) and intelligence. Different Artificial
Intelligence (AI) based tools & techniques (such as, rough
sets, fuzzy sets, neural networks, machine learning etc) can be
integrated with the e-learning applications to support
intelligence. . To make e-learning system to more interactive
for learner, researchers need to take decisions at every level of
learning cycle. A Decision Support System (DSS) is an
interactive information system that provides models, data
manipulation tools and information. DSS helps to make
decisions in semi-structured and unstructured situation. By
offering such approach, education system could play much
better for student centric operation towards positive
improvement of his performance.
7. REFERENCES
[1] Keegan, D. (1980). On Defining Distance Education:
Distance Education 1(1) 13-36.
[2] Rosenberg, M. J. (2001). E-learning: Strategies for
delivering knowledge in the digital age. New York:
McGraw-Hill.
[3] Longmire, W. (2001). A Primer on Learning Objects.
Managing Web-Based Training : ASTD.
[4] Tomei, A., (2003). Challenges of teaching with
technology across the curriculum: issues and solutions.
Information Science Publishing.
[5] Mortimore, P., (1999). Understanding pedology and its
impact on learning. Paul Chapman Publishing Ltd.
[6] Rana, Hemant, Rajiv, and Prof. Manohar Lal. "Rough
set based system for effective E-learning." Computing
for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom),
2014 International Conference on. IEEE, 2014; ISSN
0973–7529 and ISBN 978-93-80544-10-6.
[7] Harasini L., et al. (2001). The Virtual University: A
State of the Art. Advances in Computers, Vol. 55, PP 1-
47.
[8] Witten I.H., et al. (2000). Greenstone: A comprehensive
Open-Source Digital Library Software System. ACM
2000 Digital Library, PP 113-121.
[9] Rajiv & Manohar Lal, (2011). Web 3.0 in Education &
Research, BVICAM’s International Journal of
Information Technology (BIJIT), Vol. 3 No. 2; ISSN
0973 – 5658.
[10] Robin D. Morris, (2011). Web 3.0: Implications for
Online Learning, TechTrends Vol. 55, No. 1 Springer.
6. International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887)
Volume 97– No.5, July 2014
24
[11] L. Stojanovic, S. Staab, and R. Studer, (2001). E-
learning based on semantic web, WEBNET 2001.
[12] M.S. Velmurugan and K. Narayansamy, (2008).
Application of decision support system in e-commerce,
Communications of the IBIMA, Vol. 5.
[13] Han Xiaoting, Niu Li, (2010). Subject Information
Integration of Higher Education Institutions in the
Context of Web3.0, 2nd International Conference
onIndustrial Mechatronics and Automation, 978-1-4244-
7656-5/10, 2010, IEEE.
[14] E-Learning Market Trends & Forecast 2014 - 2016
Report , A report by Docebo, March 2014, URL:
http://www.docebo.com/landing/contactform/elearning-
market-trends-and-forecast-2014-2016-docebo-
report.pdf (accessed 30/06/14).
[15] Hemant Rana, Rajiv, Prof. Manohar Lal, (2014). Role of
Artificial Intelligence based Technologies in e-learning,
International Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering,
Science and Technology (IJLTEST) , Volume 1, Issue 5,
May 2014, ISSN: 2055-530X(online), ISSN: 2055-
5296(print), London, United Kingdom.
[16] Rana, Hemant, Rajiv, and Prof. Manohar Lal. "Rough
set based system for effective E-learning." IEEE, 2014;
ISBN: 978-93-80544-10-6.
IJCATM : www.ijcaonline.org
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