The document discusses various types of elbow injuries and disorders. It begins by describing major elbow injuries such as fractures and dislocations, noting there are three types of fractures based on severity. Dislocations can occur in various directions when the bone moves from its usual position. Symptoms of fractures and dislocations include swelling, inability to move the joint, pain during movement, and numbness. Treatments may include elbow padding, surgery, physical therapy, and x-rays. Causes can be falls or motor vehicle accidents. Prevention includes taking precautions to avoid falls and wearing protective gear during contact sports. Minor injuries like tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis) and golfer's elbow (medial epicondylitis

1. Elbow Pain
Ergonomics DST 1152
By: Ainin Sofiya
Balqis Fahmi
Nur Hidayah

2. Anatomy of the Elbow1

4. Elbow Pain Types (Major Injuries)2

5. What Are the Different Types of Elbow
Disorders?
El bo w Fr a c t ur e
■ A f r act ur e happens
when a bone cr acks or
br eaks.

6. What Are the Different Types of Elbow
Disorders?
El bo w Fr a c t ur e
Type I: A " nondi spl aced"
f r act ur e, wher e t he bone
has a br eak, but i s st i l l
i n i t s nor mal posi t i on.
Type II: A f r act ur e wher e
a f r agment of bone i s
shi f t ed f r om i t s nor mal
posi t i on.
Type III: The most
ser i ous t ype of f r act ur e,
wi t h mul t i pl e br eaks of
t he bone.

7. What Are the Different Types of Elbow
Disorders?
El bo w
Di s l o c a t i o ns
■ Can di sl ocat e i n
var i ous
di r ect i ons.
■ Occur s when a
bone moves f r om
i t s usual
posi t i on.

8. Symptoms for Dislocation or Fracture of
the Elbow
■ Vi sual changes t o t he
el bow, such as swel l i ng and
di scol or at i on
■ I nabi l i t y t o move t he j oi nt
■ Loss of mot i on
■ Pai n dur i ng movement
■ Numbness ar ound t he ar ea
■ Ti ngl i ng f eel i ng

9. Treatments for Dislocation or Fracture of
the Elbow
■ El bow paddi ng
■ Sur gi cal
t r eat ment s
■ Physi cal t her apy
■ X- r ays

10. Causes for Dislocation or Fracture of the
Elbow
■ Fal l s. Fal l i ng ont o an
out st r et ched hand can pop
t he upper ar m bone out of
al i gnment wi t hi n t he el bow
j oi nt .
■ Mot or vehi cl e acci dent s. The
same t ype of i mpact can
occur when passenger s i n
mot or vehi cl e acci dent s
r each f or war d t o br ace
t hemsel ves bef or e a
col l i si on.

11. Prevention for Dislocation or Fracture of
the Elbow
■ Take pr ecaut i ons t o avoi d f al l s.
■ Wear t he suggest ed pr ot ect i ve
gear when you pl ay cont act
spor t s.
■ Don' t car r y obj ect s t hat ar e t oo
heavy.

12. Elbow Pain Types (Minor Injuries)3

13. What Are the Different Types of Elbow
Disorders?
Me d i a l
Ep i c o nd y l i t i s
( Go l f e r ’ s El bo w)
La t e r a l
Ep i c o nd y l i t i s
( Te nni s El bo w)
• Repet i t i ve
t hr owi ng mot i on
• I nf l ammat i on of
t he muscl es of
t he f or ear m t hat
at t ach t o t he
el bow

14. Symptoms for Golfer’s and Tennis Elbow
Me d i a l
Ep i c o nd y l i t i s
( Go l f e r ’ s El bo w)
La t e r a l
Ep i c o nd y l i t i s
( Te nni s El bo w)
• Swel l i ng on t he
i nsi de of your
el bow.
• Sever e pai n
• Sor eness
• Pai ns
• Bur ni ng occur
out si de of t he
f or ear m near t he
el bow

15. Treatments for Golfer’s and Tennis
Elbow
■ Rest
■ Wear br aces ( t enni s el bow st r ap)
■ Physi cal t her apy
■ Appl y i ce t o t he i nj ur ed ar ea
■ Li ght exer ci se ( Rehab)

16. Causes for Golfer’s and Tennis Elbow
■ Weakened, st r ai ned and
f at i gued f or ear m ext ensor
muscl es.
■ Repet i t i ve f l exi ng,
gr i ppi ng, or swi ngi ng
■ Over wei ght t r ai ni ng

17. Prevention for Golfer’s and Tennis Elbow
■ War m up
■ Regul ar exer ci ses
■ Use t he r i ght equi pment
■ Fi x your f or m
■ Know when t o r est

18. What Are the Different Types of Elbow
Disorders?
El bo w Ar t hr i t i s Bi c e p Te nd o n
Rup t ur e• Occur s when you
st ar t t o l ose
car t i l age ar ound
el bow j oi nt and
t he j oi nt i t sel f
st ar t s t o
degener at e.
• A di st al bi ceps
t endon t ear
Cubi t a l Tunne l
Sy nd r o me
• Occur s when you
have compr essi on
of your ul nar
ner ve on t he
i nsi de of your
el bow.

19. Symptoms of Elbow Disorders
El bo w Ar t hr i t i s Bi c e p Te nd o n
Rup t ur e
• Pai n,
• St i f f ness
• Decr eased r ange
of mot i on
• Di f f i cul t y
bendi ng t he
el bow
• Exper i ence pai n
• Swel l i ng
• Br ui si ng at t he
f r ont of your
el bow.
Cubi t a l Tunne l
Sy nd r o me
• Swel l i ng
• Pai n
• Hand weakness.

20. Treatments of Elbow Disorders
El bo w Ar t hr i t i s Bi c e p Te nd o n
Rup t ur e
• Rest
• Li ght exer ci se
• Sur ger y ( r eat t ach
your bi cep t endon
t o t he r adi al
t uber osi t y)
• St er oi d i nj ect i om
Cubi t a l Tunne l
Sy nd r o me
• Rehab
• Sur ger y ( Ext r eme
cases)

21. Causes of Elbow Disorders
El bo w Ar t hr i t i s Bi c e p Te nd o n
Rup t ur e
• Too much wor kout
at t he gym ( 5
days a week)
• Manual l abour
j obs
• Smoki ng
Cubi t a l Tunne l
Sy nd r o me
• Lack of cal ci um
• Gout
• Repeat edl y l ean on
your el bow,
especi al l y on a
har d sur f ace
• Bend your el bow
f or sust ai ned
per i ods, such as
whi l e t al ki ng on a
cel l phone or
sl eepi ng wi t h your
hand cr ooked under
your pi l l ow

22. Prevention of Elbow Disorders
El bo w Ar t hr i t i s Bi c e p Te nd o n
Rup t ur e
• Cor r ect i ng your
wor ki ng posi t i on
Cubi t a l Tunne l
Sy nd r o me
• St r et chi ng
• Consume cal ci um
• St r et chi ng t he
t i ssue
• El evat e t he el bow

23. References
• Cadogan, M. ( n. d. ) . El bow Di sl ocat i on X- Ray [ El bow Di sl coat i on] . Ret r i eved August
4, 2016, f r om ht t p: / / l i f ei nt hef ast l ane. com/ el bow- di sl ocat i on/
• Anat omy of Upper Ext r emi t y: Copyr i ght El sevi er i nc, phot o I D 4541 f r om
ht t ps: / / net t er i mages. com/ ar t er i es- and- ner ves- of - upper - l i mb- l abel ed- mul t i pl e-
publ i cat i ons- neur ol ogy- neur osci ences- f r ank- h- net t er - 4541. ht ml
• Cl assi f i cat i on of el bow di sl ocat i ons; Repr oduced wi t h per mi ssi on f r om Br uce, D. ,
Br owner , Jupi t er , J. B. , Levi ne, A. m. & Tr af t on, P. G. Ske l e t a l Tr a uma .
Fr a c t ur e s , d i s l o c a t i o ns a nd Li g a me nt o us Inj ur i e s , Vol 2. Phi l adel phi a: Saunder s,
1992. Fr om dut chemer gencymedi ci necases. com
• Avr uski n, A. ( 2016, Febr uar y 19) . El bow Fr act ur es [ El bow Fr act ur e Types] .
Ret r i eved August 4, 2016, f r om
ht t p: / / www. movef or war dpt . com/ Sympt omsCondi t i onsDet ai l . aspx?ci d=6a70b18b- ccb7-
43f 1- b36c- 05615be668df
• OCD: Li t t l e l eague el bow yout ube phot o cr eat i ve commons l i cense, f r om
ht t ps: / / www. yout ube. com/ wat ch?v=sf AxCsv_Hes
• Cubi t al Tunnel Syndr ome: I mage cr eat ed by me usi ng ebsco’ s heal t h l i br ar y.
• UCL Pat hol ogy: Copyr i ght MMG 2008, f r om
ht t p: / / www. houst onmet hodi st . or g/ or t hopedi cs/ wher e- does- i t - hur t / el bow/ ul nar -
col l at er al - l i gament - i nj ur i es/
• ART: Phot o f r om Dr . Tr acey Reeb, accessed f r om
ht t p: / / www. st udi oci t ychi r opr act or . com/ st yl ed- 2/ st yl ed- 9
• Tenni s El bow: Phot o f r om Bi l l Gr ay, accessed at
ht t p: / / www. t enni s. com/ gear / 2010/ 07/ mai l bag- advi ce- f or - t enni s- el bow-
suf f er er s/ 38767/ #. Vx99Lqgr LI U
• For ear m i mage: phot o f r om Scot t Eat on, on ht t p: / / www. scot t -
eat on. com/ cour ses/ anat omy- cour ses- and- wor kshops/ anat omy- f or - ar t i st s- onl i ne-
cour se/ upper - ar ms- and- f or ear ms

24. Thanks!
Any questions?