2. Introduction
Causes and symptoms of hypertension
Nursing implication on hypertension
Methods of nursing implication
Assessment
Nursing diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
Teaching patient and family
Summary
References
3. Hypertension is defined as sustained rise in
systolic blood pressure(SBP) greater than
140mm of Hg or a sustained diastolic
pressure(DBP) is greater than 90 mm of Hg.
4. The causes of hypertension are:
Smoking
Being overweight or obese
Lack of physical activity
Too much salt in the diet
Too much alcohol
consumption
Stress
Older age
Genetics Family history of high
blood pressure
Chronic kidney disease
5. A multi disciplinary approach is important in
treatment of hypertension & the treatment will
consist of nurse ,doctors ,pharmacists& social
workers.
The management of hypertension may be by using
anti hypertension drugs & educating about its
causes &effects.
In addition to the technical knowledge nurse will
have most important role in patient support.
The nurse should provide the information about
hypertension & educate about the treatment in
several methods like booklets ,videos ,question &
answer session & group discussion so that they can
get support from others in similar circumstances.
6. These can be done by the methods of data
collection
Observation: patient’s state of health, behavior,
communication pattern ,facial expression (e . g
signs of discomfort ,anger)etc are observed.
Lifestyle interventions :Assessment of dietary risk
factors, weight, physical activity etc
Nursing health history : when the symptoms
started ,how often problems occur, factors that
alleviate the problems and so on.
Physical examination:Two or more blood pressure
measurements. Measurements may be taken from
both the left and right arms , An exam of the
retina,A heart exam.
7. Regular accurate blood pressure
measurement using sphygmomanometer
and stethoscopes.
Electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) test is done
that measures the electrical activity, rate,
and rhythm of your heartbeat via electrodes
attached to your arms, legs, and chest.
Echocardiogram test is done that uses
ultrasound waves to provide pictures of the
heart's valves and chambers so the
pumping action of the heart can be studied
and measurement of the chambers and wall
thickness of the heart can be made.
8. Maintain/enhance cardiovascular functioning.
Prevent complications.
Provide information about disease
process/prognosis and treatment regimen.
Support active patient control of condition.
Goal are made in order to achieve the target:
BP within acceptable limits for individual.
Cardiovascular and systemic complications
prevented/minimized.
Disease process and therapeutic regimen
understood.
Necessary lifestyle/behavioral changes
initiated.
Plan in place to meet needs after discharge.
9. Monitor and measure blood pressure in both hands, using a
cuff and proper techniques in terms of measuring blood
pressure.
Auscultation of breath sounds and heart tone. Observe skin
color, moisture & temperature.
Note the presence, quality of the central and peripheral
pulses.
Maintain restrictions on activities such as rest in bed or chair.
Assist in performing self-care activities as needed.
Provide a quiet environment, convenient, and therapeutic and
reduce activity.
Monitor response to medication to control blood pressure.
Give fluid and dietary sodium restriction as indicated.
Medical collaboration in the provision of drugs as indicated.
10. Reduction in systolic blood pressure, should
be assessed using computerized records
where blood pressure was measured
independently by practice staff before or after
the intervention period.
Check the changes seen before and after the
nursing implementation done to the patients.
11. Different drugs used in hypertension have
different side effects like beta blockers
causes dizziness, slowing of the pulse,
fatigue, and hypotension . Family members
should be known about this side effect.
They should be encourage to avoid those
factor that causes hypertension by educating
them about it.
12. Hypertension is defined as sustained rise in
SBP(<140mm of HG)and DBP(<90 mm of HG ).
CAUSES were stress, smoking ,obese, too much salt
intake etc and symptoms were confusion ,headache
, stroke etc
Methods of nursing implication :
Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
Teaching
