This document provides tips and guidelines for giving effective presentations. It discusses structuring a presentation with a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction should grab attention and set objectives. The body should inform and guide the audience. The conclusion should summarize key points and call the audience to action. Additional tips include using visual aids to enhance but not replace the presentation, being aware of the audience's knowledge and expectations, and employing clear verbal and nonverbal communication. Presentation experts and examples are referenced. The document concludes with an activity to practice giving a brief overview of a city to a colleague.

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2. Foro Europeo Postgrado
PUBLIC SPEAKING
MAKING A PRESENTATION

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PUBLIC SPEAKING
“Grasp the subject, the words will follow.”
– Cato the Elder (234 BC - 149 BC)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0ZoZ-8EKGQ&feature=related
“Make sure you have finished speaking
before your audience has finished
listening.”
– Dorothy Sarnoff

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PRESENTATION STRUCTURE
Introduction
 Grab audience attention
 Create interest
 Organize
Body
 Inform
 Guide Audience
Closing
 Summarize / Clarify
 Call to Action
 Conclusion (connect to objectives)
 Steps to take / Action Plan
 Take Questions
 Goodbye
 Conclusion (connect to objectives)
 Steps to take / Action Plan
 Take Questions
 Goodbye
 Summarize Section
 Transitions / Signpost
 Summarize Section
 Transitions / Signpost
 Presentation
 Objectives
 Summary
 Presentation
 Objectives
 Summary

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TIPS ON THE INTRODUCTION
Try to think of a good “opener”
• Question
• Story
• Fact / Statistic
• Humor
• Activity
• Quotation
• Visual
• Others???

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SIGNPOSTING
• Verbal and visual “roadsigns”
• An issue of structure, NOT content useful→
phrases for any presentation
• Guide your audience

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USING VISUALS
• Visuals should be:
– Visually stimulating
– Add to your presentation
– Highlight main points for the audience
– NOT a substitute for notes or knowing the
subject

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USING VISUALS
• Don McMillan - “Life After Death by PowerPoint”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lpvgfmEU2Ck
• Hans Rosling - “The Joy of Stats”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbkSRLYSojo

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THE AUDIENCE
A presentation should be appropriate to the
audience
What are their expectations?
What is their level of interest?
How large is
the group?
What is their knowledge
of the particular subject?
And of the related
concepts in general?
What is your relationship
to the audience?
Is it a homogeneous group?

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PARAVERBAL COMMUNICATION
Voice
 Projection and Volume
 Enunciation
 Verbal Tics
 Intonation
 Speed
 Pauses / Silence
 Repetition
 Variety

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FROM THE EXPERTS...
• Douglas Jeffreys - “Killer Presentation
Skills”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=whTwjG4ZIJg

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IN-CLASS DYNAMIC 1
- In pairs, choose a city or region that you know
well.
- Imagine that you work in a company in that region
and that a foreign colleague is coming to work
there. You must give your colleague a brief
overview of the area.
- Remember to discuss things that will be of interest
to your audience.
- Brainstorm topics with the class, then prepare a five-
minute presentation with your partner.