Health sector is considered as one of the most important sectors in any economy because the
wellness of a country depends on the wellness of its citizens. This can be only achieved when there is an efficient
and effective health system in the country. Despite many government interventions to ensure that services are
not interrupted in public hospitals in Kenya, there are still many challenges as pertains to efficient stock
management leading to frequent stock outs
Service innovation involves internal processes and responding to external environmental changes.
However, most of the previous literature related to hospital evaluations has focused on the impact of hospital
evaluation systems on medical quality or business models
Service Quality, Patient Satisfaction, Word Of Mouth, and Revisit Intention i...YogeshIJTSRD
This study investigates the relationship between service quality, patient satisfaction, word of mouth WOM , and revisit intention among dental patients in a clinic, Thailand. The research employed a quantitative approach in data collection for statistical analysis. Quota sampling equally among four age groups was used, and 352 completed copies of self administered questionnaires were returned. The proposed theoretical framework was identified the model adopting PLS SEM. Findings reveal that patient satisfaction is a mediator between service quality and its outcomes of WOM and revisit intention. Referring to elements of service quality, empathy is the highest factor influencing patient satisfaction Beta=0.411, p 0.001 , followed by reliability Beta=0.183, p 0.05 , tangibles Beta=0.119, p 0.05 , assurance Beta=0.077, p 0.05 , and responsiveness, Beta=0.053, p 0.05 at R square 0.556. Revisit intention can be predicted by patient satisfaction by 53.4 percent Beta=0.731, p 0.001,R2=0.534 , and WOM can be explained by patient satisfaction by about 42.9 percent Beta=0.655, p 0.001, R2=0.429 . The study was limited to private dental practice a dental clinic . Thus, the extension to clinics around this area should be considered. Moreover, the researcher suggested comprehensive coverage of other predictors in further research. The implications are managers would emphasize healthcare service quality management to satisfy their patients because it creates positive word of mouth and a revisit intention among dental clinic’s patients. Supaprawat Siripipatthanakul "Service Quality, Patient Satisfaction, Word-Of-Mouth, and Revisit Intention in A Dental Clinic, Thailand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43943.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/43943/service-quality-patient-satisfaction-wordofmouth-and-revisit-intention-in-a-dental-clinic-thailand/supaprawat-siripipatthanakul
Service Marketing Mix 7Ps and Patient Satisfaction in Clinics A Review ArticleYogeshIJTSRD
This study aims to review the healthcare marketing mix and patient satisfaction in clinics. The findings indicate that the healthcare marketing mix 7Ps in clinics7Ps comprises people, product services , process, physical evidence, price, place, and process. The proposed theoretical framework is shown the relationship between the service marketing mix in clinics and patient satisfaction. Managers may adopt the 7Ps of this review article to achieve patient satisfaction and intended performance levels. The researcher recommended further study to clarify the relationship in this sector. Supaprawat Siripipatthanakul | Pattanapong Chana "Service Marketing Mix (7Ps) and Patient Satisfaction in Clinics: A Review Article" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43944.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/43944/service-marketing-mix-7ps-and-patient-satisfaction-in-clinics-a-review-article/supaprawat-siripipatthanakul
Sustainability Reporting and Corporate Performance of Conglomerate and Indust...YogeshIJTSRD
Sustainability reporting remains a continuing concern as stakeholders demand for firms to be more socially, environmentally, and economically responsible continues to increase especially in developing countries like Nigeria. Thus, the study examined the effect of sustainability reporting disclosures of conglomerate and industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria on their market share and return on assets. The study employed an ex post facto research design as data were obtained from the annual report of firms for a period of ten years 2010 2019 . Multiple regression analytical tools with the help of SPSS version 23 were used in analyzing the data for 16 conglomerate and industrial goods firms selected using the purposive sampling technique. The findings revealed that sustainability reporting has positive effect on market share and return on assets of firms studied. Based on the findings, it was concluded that sustainability reporting affects the performance of manufacturing firms and it was recommended that standard setters and government should develop a standard mandatory disclosure framework to ensure consistency and uniformity in reporting and also, companies are encouraged to disclose their economic, social and environmental information all geared to help stakeholders make informed decision. Okoye, Ezinne Chimaram | Ezeagba, Charles Emenike "Sustainability Reporting and Corporate Performance of Conglomerate and Industrial Goods Firms in Nigeria: An Empirical Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44977.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/44977/sustainability-reporting-and-corporate-performance-of-conglomerate-and-industrial-goods-firms-in-nigeria-an-empirical-study/okoye-ezinne-chimaram
Strategic Management Paper: Hospital Industry ----
Definition of the industry and its dominant economic features, Industry’s Dominant Economic Features (Market Size and Growth Rate, Number of Rivals, Scope of Competitive Rivalry, Degree of Product Differentiation, Service Innovation, Pace of Technological Change), Major Players, Industry analysis using five forces model, Driving forces, Strategic group map, Competitor analysis, Possible strategic moves of competitors, Key Success factors, Conclusion of industry analysis.
Service innovation involves internal processes and responding to external environmental changes.
However, most of the previous literature related to hospital evaluations has focused on the impact of hospital
evaluation systems on medical quality or business models
Service Quality, Patient Satisfaction, Word Of Mouth, and Revisit Intention i...YogeshIJTSRD
This study investigates the relationship between service quality, patient satisfaction, word of mouth WOM , and revisit intention among dental patients in a clinic, Thailand. The research employed a quantitative approach in data collection for statistical analysis. Quota sampling equally among four age groups was used, and 352 completed copies of self administered questionnaires were returned. The proposed theoretical framework was identified the model adopting PLS SEM. Findings reveal that patient satisfaction is a mediator between service quality and its outcomes of WOM and revisit intention. Referring to elements of service quality, empathy is the highest factor influencing patient satisfaction Beta=0.411, p 0.001 , followed by reliability Beta=0.183, p 0.05 , tangibles Beta=0.119, p 0.05 , assurance Beta=0.077, p 0.05 , and responsiveness, Beta=0.053, p 0.05 at R square 0.556. Revisit intention can be predicted by patient satisfaction by 53.4 percent Beta=0.731, p 0.001,R2=0.534 , and WOM can be explained by patient satisfaction by about 42.9 percent Beta=0.655, p 0.001, R2=0.429 . The study was limited to private dental practice a dental clinic . Thus, the extension to clinics around this area should be considered. Moreover, the researcher suggested comprehensive coverage of other predictors in further research. The implications are managers would emphasize healthcare service quality management to satisfy their patients because it creates positive word of mouth and a revisit intention among dental clinic’s patients. Supaprawat Siripipatthanakul "Service Quality, Patient Satisfaction, Word-Of-Mouth, and Revisit Intention in A Dental Clinic, Thailand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43943.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/43943/service-quality-patient-satisfaction-wordofmouth-and-revisit-intention-in-a-dental-clinic-thailand/supaprawat-siripipatthanakul
Service Marketing Mix 7Ps and Patient Satisfaction in Clinics A Review ArticleYogeshIJTSRD
This study aims to review the healthcare marketing mix and patient satisfaction in clinics. The findings indicate that the healthcare marketing mix 7Ps in clinics7Ps comprises people, product services , process, physical evidence, price, place, and process. The proposed theoretical framework is shown the relationship between the service marketing mix in clinics and patient satisfaction. Managers may adopt the 7Ps of this review article to achieve patient satisfaction and intended performance levels. The researcher recommended further study to clarify the relationship in this sector. Supaprawat Siripipatthanakul | Pattanapong Chana "Service Marketing Mix (7Ps) and Patient Satisfaction in Clinics: A Review Article" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd43944.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/43944/service-marketing-mix-7ps-and-patient-satisfaction-in-clinics-a-review-article/supaprawat-siripipatthanakul
Sustainability Reporting and Corporate Performance of Conglomerate and Indust...YogeshIJTSRD
Sustainability reporting remains a continuing concern as stakeholders demand for firms to be more socially, environmentally, and economically responsible continues to increase especially in developing countries like Nigeria. Thus, the study examined the effect of sustainability reporting disclosures of conglomerate and industrial goods manufacturing firms in Nigeria on their market share and return on assets. The study employed an ex post facto research design as data were obtained from the annual report of firms for a period of ten years 2010 2019 . Multiple regression analytical tools with the help of SPSS version 23 were used in analyzing the data for 16 conglomerate and industrial goods firms selected using the purposive sampling technique. The findings revealed that sustainability reporting has positive effect on market share and return on assets of firms studied. Based on the findings, it was concluded that sustainability reporting affects the performance of manufacturing firms and it was recommended that standard setters and government should develop a standard mandatory disclosure framework to ensure consistency and uniformity in reporting and also, companies are encouraged to disclose their economic, social and environmental information all geared to help stakeholders make informed decision. Okoye, Ezinne Chimaram | Ezeagba, Charles Emenike "Sustainability Reporting and Corporate Performance of Conglomerate and Industrial Goods Firms in Nigeria: An Empirical Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44977.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/44977/sustainability-reporting-and-corporate-performance-of-conglomerate-and-industrial-goods-firms-in-nigeria-an-empirical-study/okoye-ezinne-chimaram
Strategic Management Paper: Hospital Industry ----
Definition of the industry and its dominant economic features, Industry’s Dominant Economic Features (Market Size and Growth Rate, Number of Rivals, Scope of Competitive Rivalry, Degree of Product Differentiation, Service Innovation, Pace of Technological Change), Major Players, Industry analysis using five forces model, Driving forces, Strategic group map, Competitor analysis, Possible strategic moves of competitors, Key Success factors, Conclusion of industry analysis.
KNOWLEDGE, AWARENESS AND PERCEPTION OF HEALTH INSURANCE AMONG INSURED IN A TE...IAEME Publication
A descriptive study design was carried out to assess the knowledge, awareness, and perception of an insured person about health insurance in a tertiary care hospital. A well-framed structured questionnaire was administered to the opinions of the 384 respondents (insured and uninsured), out of which 92% are insured and only 8% are uninsured. Only a few (12%) of insured do not know how much policy coverage is there for hospital charges and 27% of insured have chosen health insurance policy in order to avail good quality treatment. The result clearly shows that most people are not that aware of the process of initiating cashless hospitalization. Hence the insurance companies, third-party administrators, and the hospital must work in synergy.
Strategic Management in Oral Care Product Market A Case Study of Colgate Palm...YogeshIJTSRD
Colgate is a Colgate Palmolive product line manufacturer, which produces, markets, and distributes oral care products like toothpaste, toothbrushes, mouthwash, and dental floss. In the year of accelerating growth, 2018, net revenues increased by 1.0 percent, whether from organic or net sales. The companys goal is to make the world a better place by providing oral healthcare knowledge and services. Finding more environmentally friendly ways to produce goods and packaging uses less plastic, water, and waste. Consumers are looking for more natural and sustainable goods, high growth opportunities across the board. Organic sales development in the toothpaste segment drove the rise in oral care products, followed by mouthwash. As a result, the focus is on toothpaste and mouthwash. Maintaining Colgates market and trade partner image is vital to selling its branded goods. Regulatory and Quality policies, such as Ethics and Compliance, Sustainability, Brand Security, and Product Safety, are used to protect and retain brand integrity. Negative publicity about its products, supply chain, ingredients, packaging, or staff, whether justified or not, can damage the brands image. Colgates branding approach strategy , the organizational structure, financial analysis, control application system , and the staff skillstyle follow ethical leadership. The CSR concepts shared values, including ethical responsibility to consumers customer centered approach , environmental responsibility to the society, and ethical leadership to its employees, are at the heart of the 7s Model. Thus, this case study proposes strategic management branding of Colgates oral care products through corporate social responsibility CSR . Supaprawat Siripipatthanakul | Dr. Karin Sixl-Daniell "Strategic Management in Oral Care Product Market: A Case Study of Colgate-Palmolive (Thailand) Limited" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44974.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/44974/strategic-management-in-oral-care-product-market-a-case-study-of-colgatepalmolive-thailand-limited/supaprawat-siripipatthanakul
Role of Humanitarian Logistics Management Practices on Performance of Humanit...AkashSharma618775
Humanitarian Logistics is a very important cluster of activities during emergencies due to natural or
man-made disasters in an effort to prevent loss of lives and property. However, the subject is not well researched
compared to the business logistics in profit making organizations where profit is their main reason of existence.
The main objective of this study was to examine the role of humanitarian logistics management practices on
performance of humanitarian organizations in Kenya. A case of United Nation World Food Program Kenya with
the following specific objectives of the study: to examine the role of transport management on performance of
humanitarian organizations in Kenya, to evaluate the role of inventory management on performance of
humanitarian organizations in Kenya,to examine the role of order processing on performance of humanitarian
organizations in Kenya,and to establish the influence of information flow on performance of humanitarian
organizations in Kenya. The study adopted a cross sectional survey. The target population of this study was 270
employees from United Nation World Food Programme. A semi- structured questionnaire was administered
through the e-mail survey and hand delivery. Secondary data was obtained from both published and unpublished
records. The questionnaire was tested for validity and reliability. Both quantitative and qualitative techniques
were used to analyses the data with the assistance of SPSS software program version 25. The study found that both
transport management practices, Inventory management practices, order processing and information flow as
humanitarian logistics management practices had significant role on performance of humanitarian organizations
in Kenya. A case of United Nation World Food Program Kenya hence the study recommended that managers in
the humanitarian organisations in Kenya should include humanitarian logistics management practices in their
strategic plan and in particular investment in transport management practices, Inventory management practices,
order processing and information flow which may make it easy to bring about innovation in the organisation and
good information sharing to both suppliers and clients.
Abstract
The study examines the effect of corporate information on equity investors' decision making in listed non-financial firms in Nigeria. The population comprises all the listed non-financial firms in Nigeria and a filtering sampling technique was used to arrive at forty-eight (48) sampled firms covering the periods of 2012 to 2019. The hypotheses were tested using the Robust Fixed effect (RE) regression model after conducting some diagnostics tests like Pearson correlation, Variance Inflator Factor, Heteroscedasticity and Hausman Specification. The results show that firm growth (FG) and firm size (FS) have a significant positive effect on market price of shares (MPS) of quoted non-financial firms in Nigeria for the period under review. The study recommends among others, that the management of non-financial firms in Nigeria should put the growth level of their firms into consideration by ensuring a consistent increase in the value of their revenues yearly to attract more investments from the equity investors in the capital market. Their five-year growth rate should also be provided to all the stakeholders in their financial statements. Also, the non-financial firms should consolidate their firms to form a large capital base that would make them take advantage of large scale production to attract more equity investors to their firms in Nigeria.
Keywords: Corporate Information; Equity Investors; Decision Making; Non-Financial Firms
Abstract
Performance of firms either public or private sector largely depends on employees’ satisfaction hence their satisfaction need to be taken with utmost seriousness if firms’ immediate and strategic objectives must be attained. This study titled integrated personnel payroll and information system and employees’ satisfaction is carried out to examine the impact of integrated personnel payroll and information system on employees’ satisfaction. The research adopts research survey design and respondents were reached using a structured questionnaire. The population of the study is 1100 who are employees of the Federal Polytechnic Idah, Kogi state. The study adopts Godden sample size statistical formula which generated a sample size of 285. However, out of the total of 285 questionnaires distributed only 242 were duly completed and returned giving a retrieval rate of 85%. The data were analyzed using a five point’s likert scale and the analytical tool is linear regression analysis. The finding revealed that adoption of integrated personnel payroll and information system has serve as a veritable tool in enshrining accountability but has threatened employees’ satisfaction owing to its non-domestication to carter for the peculiarity of the Polytechnic sector. Thus, the study recommends that adoption of the payroll system be reviewed and all critical stakeholders be consulted so as to enhanced and sustained employees satisfaction.
Keywords: Personnel, payroll, employee, satisfaction.
Abstract
The specific objective of the study was to ascertain the extent to which knowledge transferability influences workers’ productivity in public hospitals in South-South Nigeria. The study employed a correlation design. A sample of 596 respondents were selected from twelve categorized public hospitals is South-South using Taro Yamani’s formula. 34 questions were formulated in the questionnaire in line with the stated objective of the study. A total of 596 copies of questionnaire were administered and 551 copies were collected showing 92 percent responses, 10 responses were rejected and 541 copies constituting 90 percent of the questionnaire was analyzed. The results showed that there is positive significant relationship between knowledge transferability and workers’ productivity in public hospitals in South-South Nigeria. The study concluded that the ability of the public hospitals to transfer knowledge to other health care units within the health sector will automatically enhance their productivity and performance in health care delivery in Nigeria. The study therefore, recommends that; organizations are required to reward managers or experts for providing adequate support necessary for encouraging knowledge sharing and transfer among employees. Knowledge management should be explicitly developed and designed appropriately on healthcare information system to facilitate the realization of the value position of healthcare organization in order to achieve the sustainable development goals of 2030 and vision 2020 on health related problems in the country. This will helps to ensure that knowledge management becomes their daily activities in the health sector.
Keywords: Knowledge, transferability, productivity, public hospitals, south-south
An introductory overview of healthcare across South East Asia and a look at the growing healthcare trends across the region.
Download the presentation by clicking the "Save this presentation" icon above.
The insights driving superior healthcare
outcomes in Asia Pacific.
Asia-Pacific Insight Magazine brings together IMS Health experts from across the region to engage in conversations about the forces that are shaping healthcare in Asia - and the strategies necessary to surge ahead of the competition
Over the past 3 years, medical device companies in Thailand performed well from both revenue and net profit perspective. Thailand is expecting to be the leader of Healthcare and medical device market in ASEAN.
Find out more about Medical device market in ASEAN, check out our paper at http://bit.ly/1hmvwFq
Background: Safe, timely and accessible essential surgery and anesthesia is now integral to universal health coverage with the passage of World Health Organization Resolution
68/15. In the past, hospital-based surgical assessment surveys and indices were critical for advocacy, illustrating real infrastructure deficits and needs. The Lancet
Commissions on Global Surgery goals for 2030 and its indicators, targeting anesthesia, obstetrics and surgery in low-income countries, indicated the creation of a new global surgery index.
Methods: Indicator thresholds and data were identified and collected from World Health Organization public data sets and available literature. Quintile categories were used to assign points and descriptive statistics were used generated indices of low-income countries, as well as illustrating data collection needs.
Results: A Lancet Commissions on Global Surgery indicator-based index was generated.
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea had the lowest surgical capacity index at
9.09%; Ethiopia and Sierra Leone had the highest at 81.81%. The average equaled
60.41%. 6 out of 17 indicators had no reported data; while only cesarean section rate had reported data from all LICs.
Conclusion: This Lancet Commissions on Global Surgery indicator-based index can be used in real-time surgical system capacity-building (such as infrastructure planning and assessment for expanding best practices in low-income countries) to achieve safe, timely and accessible global essential surgery and anesthesia by 2030. Despite the WHA
Resolution, data collection gaps may slow the pace of attaining that vision. Thus, stakeholders can use this tool to aid in assuring surgical access, quality improvement, and stronger data collection.
The insights driving superior healthcare outcomes in Asia Pacific.
Asia-Pacific Insight Magazine brings together IMS Health experts from across the region, delivering fresh perspectives on how to navigate through the challenges and opportunities in Asia-Pacific pharmaceutical market.
Presenting this set of slides with name - Healthcare Sector Analysis Powerpoint Presentation Slides. Keep your audience glued to their seats with professionally designed PPT slides. This deck comprises of total of sixty four slides. It has PPT templates with creative visuals and well researched content. Not just this, our PowerPoint professionals have crafted this deck with appropriate diagrams, layouts, icons, graphs, charts and more. This content ready presentation deck is fully editable. Just click the DOWNLOAD button below. Change the colour, text and font size. You can also modify the content as per your need. Get access to this well crafted complete deck presentation and leave your audience stunned.
Determinants of Strategic Implementation of Devolved Health Services in Trans...paperpublications3
Abstract: Many organizations, including those in the public health sector, are experiencing and managing change which may be either planned or emergent. The performance of Trans Nzoia County has been reproached particularly in the wake of go-slows and strikes of the health labour force in recent times. The broad objective of the study was to assess the factors influencing the strategic implementation of devolved health services in Trans Nzoia County. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: To establish the effect of budgetary support on strategic implementation of health services, to examine the effect of health policy on strategic implementation of health services, to determine the effect of health legislation on strategic implementation of health services, and to determine how management support affects strategic implementation of health services. The study was guided by both Ansoffian theory and management theory. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design. The target population was the 1240 employees working with Trans Nzoia County. A sample of 89 respondents was drawn from the target population using stratified random sampling method. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The instrument was pilot tested before its use to collect data for the main study. The study assessed both validity and reliability of the instrument. The collected data was processed and analyzed with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social software. The data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicated that budgetary support has a positive significant effect on strategic implementation of health services. Health policy had a significant positive effect on strategic implementation of health services. The study found a positive significant effect of health legislation on strategic implementation of health services in Trans Nzoia County. Management support had a positive and significant effect on strategic implementation of health services in Trans Nzoia County. It was therefore concluded that budgetary support, health policy, legislation on health care, and management support what are the factors that determine strategic implementation of devolved healthcare services.
Keywords: Budgetary support, health policy, legislative process, management support and strategic implementation.
Title: Determinants of Strategic Implementation of Devolved Health Services in Trans Nzoia County
Author: Buchunju, Phoebe, Dr. Iravo, Mike, Mr. Okwaro, Fredrick
ISSN 2349-7807
International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)
Paper Publications
KNOWLEDGE, AWARENESS AND PERCEPTION OF HEALTH INSURANCE AMONG INSURED IN A TE...IAEME Publication
A descriptive study design was carried out to assess the knowledge, awareness, and perception of an insured person about health insurance in a tertiary care hospital. A well-framed structured questionnaire was administered to the opinions of the 384 respondents (insured and uninsured), out of which 92% are insured and only 8% are uninsured. Only a few (12%) of insured do not know how much policy coverage is there for hospital charges and 27% of insured have chosen health insurance policy in order to avail good quality treatment. The result clearly shows that most people are not that aware of the process of initiating cashless hospitalization. Hence the insurance companies, third-party administrators, and the hospital must work in synergy.
Strategic Management in Oral Care Product Market A Case Study of Colgate Palm...YogeshIJTSRD
Colgate is a Colgate Palmolive product line manufacturer, which produces, markets, and distributes oral care products like toothpaste, toothbrushes, mouthwash, and dental floss. In the year of accelerating growth, 2018, net revenues increased by 1.0 percent, whether from organic or net sales. The companys goal is to make the world a better place by providing oral healthcare knowledge and services. Finding more environmentally friendly ways to produce goods and packaging uses less plastic, water, and waste. Consumers are looking for more natural and sustainable goods, high growth opportunities across the board. Organic sales development in the toothpaste segment drove the rise in oral care products, followed by mouthwash. As a result, the focus is on toothpaste and mouthwash. Maintaining Colgates market and trade partner image is vital to selling its branded goods. Regulatory and Quality policies, such as Ethics and Compliance, Sustainability, Brand Security, and Product Safety, are used to protect and retain brand integrity. Negative publicity about its products, supply chain, ingredients, packaging, or staff, whether justified or not, can damage the brands image. Colgates branding approach strategy , the organizational structure, financial analysis, control application system , and the staff skillstyle follow ethical leadership. The CSR concepts shared values, including ethical responsibility to consumers customer centered approach , environmental responsibility to the society, and ethical leadership to its employees, are at the heart of the 7s Model. Thus, this case study proposes strategic management branding of Colgates oral care products through corporate social responsibility CSR . Supaprawat Siripipatthanakul | Dr. Karin Sixl-Daniell "Strategic Management in Oral Care Product Market: A Case Study of Colgate-Palmolive (Thailand) Limited" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd44974.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/44974/strategic-management-in-oral-care-product-market-a-case-study-of-colgatepalmolive-thailand-limited/supaprawat-siripipatthanakul
Role of Humanitarian Logistics Management Practices on Performance of Humanit...AkashSharma618775
Humanitarian Logistics is a very important cluster of activities during emergencies due to natural or
man-made disasters in an effort to prevent loss of lives and property. However, the subject is not well researched
compared to the business logistics in profit making organizations where profit is their main reason of existence.
The main objective of this study was to examine the role of humanitarian logistics management practices on
performance of humanitarian organizations in Kenya. A case of United Nation World Food Program Kenya with
the following specific objectives of the study: to examine the role of transport management on performance of
humanitarian organizations in Kenya, to evaluate the role of inventory management on performance of
humanitarian organizations in Kenya,to examine the role of order processing on performance of humanitarian
organizations in Kenya,and to establish the influence of information flow on performance of humanitarian
organizations in Kenya. The study adopted a cross sectional survey. The target population of this study was 270
employees from United Nation World Food Programme. A semi- structured questionnaire was administered
through the e-mail survey and hand delivery. Secondary data was obtained from both published and unpublished
records. The questionnaire was tested for validity and reliability. Both quantitative and qualitative techniques
were used to analyses the data with the assistance of SPSS software program version 25. The study found that both
transport management practices, Inventory management practices, order processing and information flow as
humanitarian logistics management practices had significant role on performance of humanitarian organizations
in Kenya. A case of United Nation World Food Program Kenya hence the study recommended that managers in
the humanitarian organisations in Kenya should include humanitarian logistics management practices in their
strategic plan and in particular investment in transport management practices, Inventory management practices,
order processing and information flow which may make it easy to bring about innovation in the organisation and
good information sharing to both suppliers and clients.
Abstract
The study examines the effect of corporate information on equity investors' decision making in listed non-financial firms in Nigeria. The population comprises all the listed non-financial firms in Nigeria and a filtering sampling technique was used to arrive at forty-eight (48) sampled firms covering the periods of 2012 to 2019. The hypotheses were tested using the Robust Fixed effect (RE) regression model after conducting some diagnostics tests like Pearson correlation, Variance Inflator Factor, Heteroscedasticity and Hausman Specification. The results show that firm growth (FG) and firm size (FS) have a significant positive effect on market price of shares (MPS) of quoted non-financial firms in Nigeria for the period under review. The study recommends among others, that the management of non-financial firms in Nigeria should put the growth level of their firms into consideration by ensuring a consistent increase in the value of their revenues yearly to attract more investments from the equity investors in the capital market. Their five-year growth rate should also be provided to all the stakeholders in their financial statements. Also, the non-financial firms should consolidate their firms to form a large capital base that would make them take advantage of large scale production to attract more equity investors to their firms in Nigeria.
Keywords: Corporate Information; Equity Investors; Decision Making; Non-Financial Firms
Abstract
Performance of firms either public or private sector largely depends on employees’ satisfaction hence their satisfaction need to be taken with utmost seriousness if firms’ immediate and strategic objectives must be attained. This study titled integrated personnel payroll and information system and employees’ satisfaction is carried out to examine the impact of integrated personnel payroll and information system on employees’ satisfaction. The research adopts research survey design and respondents were reached using a structured questionnaire. The population of the study is 1100 who are employees of the Federal Polytechnic Idah, Kogi state. The study adopts Godden sample size statistical formula which generated a sample size of 285. However, out of the total of 285 questionnaires distributed only 242 were duly completed and returned giving a retrieval rate of 85%. The data were analyzed using a five point’s likert scale and the analytical tool is linear regression analysis. The finding revealed that adoption of integrated personnel payroll and information system has serve as a veritable tool in enshrining accountability but has threatened employees’ satisfaction owing to its non-domestication to carter for the peculiarity of the Polytechnic sector. Thus, the study recommends that adoption of the payroll system be reviewed and all critical stakeholders be consulted so as to enhanced and sustained employees satisfaction.
Keywords: Personnel, payroll, employee, satisfaction.
Abstract
The specific objective of the study was to ascertain the extent to which knowledge transferability influences workers’ productivity in public hospitals in South-South Nigeria. The study employed a correlation design. A sample of 596 respondents were selected from twelve categorized public hospitals is South-South using Taro Yamani’s formula. 34 questions were formulated in the questionnaire in line with the stated objective of the study. A total of 596 copies of questionnaire were administered and 551 copies were collected showing 92 percent responses, 10 responses were rejected and 541 copies constituting 90 percent of the questionnaire was analyzed. The results showed that there is positive significant relationship between knowledge transferability and workers’ productivity in public hospitals in South-South Nigeria. The study concluded that the ability of the public hospitals to transfer knowledge to other health care units within the health sector will automatically enhance their productivity and performance in health care delivery in Nigeria. The study therefore, recommends that; organizations are required to reward managers or experts for providing adequate support necessary for encouraging knowledge sharing and transfer among employees. Knowledge management should be explicitly developed and designed appropriately on healthcare information system to facilitate the realization of the value position of healthcare organization in order to achieve the sustainable development goals of 2030 and vision 2020 on health related problems in the country. This will helps to ensure that knowledge management becomes their daily activities in the health sector.
Keywords: Knowledge, transferability, productivity, public hospitals, south-south
An introductory overview of healthcare across South East Asia and a look at the growing healthcare trends across the region.
Download the presentation by clicking the "Save this presentation" icon above.
The insights driving superior healthcare
outcomes in Asia Pacific.
Asia-Pacific Insight Magazine brings together IMS Health experts from across the region to engage in conversations about the forces that are shaping healthcare in Asia - and the strategies necessary to surge ahead of the competition
Over the past 3 years, medical device companies in Thailand performed well from both revenue and net profit perspective. Thailand is expecting to be the leader of Healthcare and medical device market in ASEAN.
Find out more about Medical device market in ASEAN, check out our paper at http://bit.ly/1hmvwFq
Background: Safe, timely and accessible essential surgery and anesthesia is now integral to universal health coverage with the passage of World Health Organization Resolution
68/15. In the past, hospital-based surgical assessment surveys and indices were critical for advocacy, illustrating real infrastructure deficits and needs. The Lancet
Commissions on Global Surgery goals for 2030 and its indicators, targeting anesthesia, obstetrics and surgery in low-income countries, indicated the creation of a new global surgery index.
Methods: Indicator thresholds and data were identified and collected from World Health Organization public data sets and available literature. Quintile categories were used to assign points and descriptive statistics were used generated indices of low-income countries, as well as illustrating data collection needs.
Results: A Lancet Commissions on Global Surgery indicator-based index was generated.
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea had the lowest surgical capacity index at
9.09%; Ethiopia and Sierra Leone had the highest at 81.81%. The average equaled
60.41%. 6 out of 17 indicators had no reported data; while only cesarean section rate had reported data from all LICs.
Conclusion: This Lancet Commissions on Global Surgery indicator-based index can be used in real-time surgical system capacity-building (such as infrastructure planning and assessment for expanding best practices in low-income countries) to achieve safe, timely and accessible global essential surgery and anesthesia by 2030. Despite the WHA
Resolution, data collection gaps may slow the pace of attaining that vision. Thus, stakeholders can use this tool to aid in assuring surgical access, quality improvement, and stronger data collection.
The insights driving superior healthcare outcomes in Asia Pacific.
Asia-Pacific Insight Magazine brings together IMS Health experts from across the region, delivering fresh perspectives on how to navigate through the challenges and opportunities in Asia-Pacific pharmaceutical market.
Presenting this set of slides with name - Healthcare Sector Analysis Powerpoint Presentation Slides. Keep your audience glued to their seats with professionally designed PPT slides. This deck comprises of total of sixty four slides. It has PPT templates with creative visuals and well researched content. Not just this, our PowerPoint professionals have crafted this deck with appropriate diagrams, layouts, icons, graphs, charts and more. This content ready presentation deck is fully editable. Just click the DOWNLOAD button below. Change the colour, text and font size. You can also modify the content as per your need. Get access to this well crafted complete deck presentation and leave your audience stunned.
Determinants of Strategic Implementation of Devolved Health Services in Trans...paperpublications3
Abstract: Many organizations, including those in the public health sector, are experiencing and managing change which may be either planned or emergent. The performance of Trans Nzoia County has been reproached particularly in the wake of go-slows and strikes of the health labour force in recent times. The broad objective of the study was to assess the factors influencing the strategic implementation of devolved health services in Trans Nzoia County. The study was guided by the following specific objectives: To establish the effect of budgetary support on strategic implementation of health services, to examine the effect of health policy on strategic implementation of health services, to determine the effect of health legislation on strategic implementation of health services, and to determine how management support affects strategic implementation of health services. The study was guided by both Ansoffian theory and management theory. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design. The target population was the 1240 employees working with Trans Nzoia County. A sample of 89 respondents was drawn from the target population using stratified random sampling method. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The instrument was pilot tested before its use to collect data for the main study. The study assessed both validity and reliability of the instrument. The collected data was processed and analyzed with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social software. The data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicated that budgetary support has a positive significant effect on strategic implementation of health services. Health policy had a significant positive effect on strategic implementation of health services. The study found a positive significant effect of health legislation on strategic implementation of health services in Trans Nzoia County. Management support had a positive and significant effect on strategic implementation of health services in Trans Nzoia County. It was therefore concluded that budgetary support, health policy, legislation on health care, and management support what are the factors that determine strategic implementation of devolved healthcare services.
Keywords: Budgetary support, health policy, legislative process, management support and strategic implementation.
Title: Determinants of Strategic Implementation of Devolved Health Services in Trans Nzoia County
Author: Buchunju, Phoebe, Dr. Iravo, Mike, Mr. Okwaro, Fredrick
ISSN 2349-7807
International Journal of Recent Research in Commerce Economics and Management (IJRRCEM)
Paper Publications
Lessons from pfm in the health sector finalHFG Project
Over the past five years, the Health Finance and Governance (HFG) project has supported over 35 countries and programs in their efforts to strengthen public financial management (PFM) systems. Activities have been tailored to address key priorities within a health system context, and have ranged from improving financial data systems to conducting costing exercises, financial analyses, and capacity-building workshops. Across these activities, several lessons have emerged.
Insights in this brief stem from analysis of over 200 HFG financing activities; interviews with stakeholders from Ukraine and Vietnam; and experience from cross-cutting program activities. These lessons are shared as a resource for fellow implementing partners, country practitioners, and donor agencies. As the project ends, this brief considers the global context and established frameworks for PFM alongside the contributions of the HFG experience, and suggests a way forward.
Has Accreditation made a difference in Healthcare Delivery in India by Dr.Mah...Healthcare consultant
There is consistent evidence that shows that accreditation programs improve the process of care provided by healthcare services. There is considerable evidence to show that accreditation programs improve clinical outcomes of a wide spectrum of clinical conditions. Accreditation programs should be supported as a tool to improve the quality of healthcare services.
Running head ACTIVITY BASED ACCOUNTING1ACTIVITY BASED ACCOUNT.docxSUBHI7
Running head: ACTIVITY BASED ACCOUNTING 1
ACTIVITY BASED ACCOUNTING 7
ABSTRACT
Health has become very expensive in the United States. A very big percentage of people are finding it hard to fund their medical expenses. To deal with this problem, the reduction of healthcare costs and the increase in performance management are two major components that are required. The management and accounting practices of the health industry have been highly affected by the need to reduce the costs and improve the performance of the sector. Activity based accounting, which is often borrowed from the private sector, is one of the main strategies that most institutions in the health industry are trying to apply to improve the performance of the sector. This research paper intends to analyze the case of the health industry and how it has applied activity based accounting. The research will also analyze the process of implementation of activity based accounting in the industry and the benefits that it has had in the areas within which it has been implemented.
INTRODUCTION
Healthcare systems in almost all countries face the pressure of delivery effective but cost-efficient care in the face of increasing demands. Healthcare has faced a great challenge of providing affordable healthcare services. These pressures have led to the development of various initiatives and strategies to improve the quality of healthcare delivery in the country. Activity based accounting is one strategy that has been applied by various US healthcare organizations to improve the efficiency of the care they provide. This strategy assigns costs according to the activities performed; making it easier to track the consumption by each. The purpose of this research paper is to help explain how activity based costing works, its strengths, limitations, successes, and downfalls in the healthcare industry.
CHALLENGES IN HEALTHCARE COSTING
1. Tholemeier, R. (2016). Making Healthcare Affordable: Implementing True Continuous Costing. PR Newswire.
The article indicates that the actual costs of offering healthcare remain hidden regardless of the way we pay for care. People pay for health care in one way or another. For example, pay for health care in the form of reduced global competitiveness, increased debt, reduced net wages, reduced jobs, and high taxes. This is something that individuals do not realize such as the business of offering healthcare. The article offers the programs and strategies that reduce volume for delivery of healthcare services to decrease the aggregate of the healthcare bill.
2. McBain, R. K., Jerome, G., Warsh, J., Browning, M., Mistry, B., Faure, P. I., & ... Kaplan, R. (2016). Rethinking the cost of healthcare in low-resource settings: the value of time-driven activity-based costing. BMJ Global Health, 1(3), e000134. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000134
The article reveals that both the low and middle-income accounts for more than 80% of the infectious diseases in the world. Besi ...
Adoption of Integrated Healthcare Information System in Nairobi County: Kenya...Editor IJCATR
Health care information systems are aimed at facilitating the smooth running and interoperability of the health care
delivery processes to ensure efficiency and effectiveness; however, the complexity, heterogeneity and diversity of the health care
sector especially in Kenya poses serious challenges especially in relation to integration of the systems. There is a large disconnect
between the public and private health care delivery systems characterized by fragmentation of services, locally within hospitals
(among primary, secondary and tertiary health care settings) and across different health care centers. This research is aimed at
examining the adoption of integrated healthcare information system in Nairobi County; Kenyatta National Hospital represents the
public sector and The Mater Hospital the private sector. A sample size of 100 users on information system from the two hospitals
picked from the primary secondary and tertiary levels were selected and questionnaires administered to them. Data was analyzed
through descriptive statistics with the aid of SPSS. The results of the study indicated that there was a huge disparity between
healthcare information system adoption in the public and private sectors with the private sector’s adoption being at an advanced
stage. The major barriers to adoption including social political barriers, financial constraints and technical/technological barriers
also presented.
Budgetary Control And Financial Performance In Public Institutions Of Higher ...inventionjournals
The objective of the study is to establish effect of budgetary control on financial performance of public institutions of higher learning. This study was conducted in institutions of higher learning in Vihiga, Kakamega, Bungoma, and Busia Counties. Finance Officers, Accountants, Bursars and principals were the respondents. Descriptive survey design was used in the study. The target population was 109. The questionnaire return rate was 91.7 %.Data was analyzed and presented using regression analysis. The study attained a Cronbach’s Alpha of coefficient was 0.863 for all items, which was way above the recommended 0.7 in social sciences. the study established that budgetary control had a statistically significant effect on financial performance in public institutions of higher learning. This study will be significant to public institutions of higher learning in providing a basis for policy, and in showing direction for management of these institutions, management in providing explanation to the government for the current financial scenario, researchers and academicians. Public institutions of higher learning management may use the findings of the study in designing proper budgetary policies and examining the financial performance. Academicians will also find the study useful in adding to the existing literature on budgetary control and financial performance.
Non-Governmental Organization Internal Control as a Compliance Mechanism for ...inventionjournals
The purpose of the study was to establish non-governmental internal controls as a compliance mechanism to financial regulations, taking the case of Amref Health Africa in Kenya. The study was guided by the following objectives: to determine the relationship between monitoring and compliance to financial regulation, establish the relationship between financial reporting and compliance to financial regulation, and asses the relationship between auditing and compliance to financial regulation within Amref Health Africa in Kenya. The study was conducted using cross sectional descriptive research design. Purposive sampling method was used where the target population of 90 members of Amref Health Africa in Kenya drawn mainly from the board of directors, line managers, finance and accounts, monitoring and evaluation, and information and communication, from where 79 respondents participated in the study. A semi structured questionnaire was the main instrument of data collection and the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used for analysis. Chi Square was used to test for the relationship, while Phi and Cramer’s value was used to test for the strength of association. The findings showed that there is a positive relationship between internal controls and monitoring, financial reporting and auditing to compliance with financial regulations. The study recommends that the management innovates better ways of embracing continuous quality improvement for internal control activities and regular systems audits to ensure loopholes in the system are sealed
Total quality management implementation in the healthcare industry: Findings ...Muhsin Halis
The study researches the applied principles to achieve Total Quality Management (TQM) at healthcare institutions. Main elements elaborated in accordance with field specialists and
international standards. These principles, elements, and the associated processes were reflected on the healthcare industry and the specific requirements of its operations,
management, and customers. In order to apply the literature study into the field, a case study of the healthcare industry in Libya is adopted. The research method was to survey hospital
staff from all levels and in several institutions about the basic principles of TQM at their workplace. The participants were also asked about the work methods, their awareness about
the importance of TQM, the usage of modern technology by their institutions, utilization of resources, and the problems that may hinder the implementation of TQM the hospitals. The analysis of the survey indicated that the implementation of quality at Libyan hospitals is estimated at 33.6% with a significant lack of awareness about quality. A set of recommendation is then provided for hospital leadership for study and implementation.
Quality and Cost of Accreditation's In Healthcare by Mahboob ali khan ,MHA,CPHQ Healthcare consultant
Accreditations and quality assurance systems have also been observed to reduce the average cost of hospitalization. This clearly indicates that accreditations and quality assurance systems help hospitals to streamline their functions and processes, minimize wastage and thereby aid in enhancing quality and reducing cost of care.
Determinants of Public Procurement Procedures Implementation in Universities:...paperpublications3
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to establish the determinants of public procurement procedures imple-mentation in universities in Kiambu County. Various countries have instituted procurement reforms involving laws and regulations. Procurement in Kenyan public universities has been recognized as essential in service delivery. The major obstacle, however, has been inadequate regulatory compliance. The study’s objectives were to find out the effect of strategic planning on implementation of public procurement procedures; the effect of organizational culture on implementation of public procurement procedures; the role of staff competence on implementation of public procurement procedures; the effect of top management support on implementation of public procurement procedures and to assess the effect of organizational culture on implementation of public procurement procedures by public universities. A conceptual framework was developed to guide the study. The study was grounded on Rational Model of Decision Making and Resource Dependence Theory. The study used descriptive survey design and sampled 21 participants. Questionnaires were used to collect data which was analyzed according to the research objectives. The study found out that the strategic planning, staff competence, support from top management and organizational culture plays an important role in enhancing implementation of procurement procedures in public universities. The study recommends that management of public universities to accord staff maximum support in order to enhance procurement procedures implementation. Top management also need to steer head cultural practices in their organizations and frequently monitor the practices so as to effectively manage them so as to boost its implementation of procurement procedures.
Relationship Between Fiscal Decentralization and Health Care Financing in Uas...Triple A Research Journal
ABSTRACT
This study examined the relationship between fiscal decentralization and health care financing in Uasin Gishu County Kenya, the researcher sought to answer the following research questions; To what extend does the adequacy of decentralized funds influence health care financing in Uasin Gishu County Kenya? How effective was health management team in influencing health care financing in Uasin Gishu County Kenya? How does budgeting and allocation of decentralized funds affect health care financing in Uasin Gishu County Kenya? Lastly, what were the effects of decentralized fund expenditure on health care financing in Uasin Gishu County Kenya? The researcher used ex-post facto research design. Both stratified sampling and random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. The target population for the study was 98 employees working in health department with a sample size of 79 respondents whom comprised of permanent health workers working in the major hospitals in the county. Questionnaires were employed as the major data collection tools. Data were analysed through descriptive statistics and hypothesis is tested by use of chi square. The analysis of the data was done with Statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20 and the data was presented though use of graphs and tables for clear understanding of the results. The findings from the study therefore rejected the null hypotheses and concluded that there exists statistically significant relationship between adequacy of decentralized funds, management effectiveness and budgetary mechanism and the level of health care financing. This means that whenever the health management team are effective in managing the decentralized funds well, there is an increase in the level of health care financing.
Keywords: Fiscal Decentralization and Healthcare financing
Many countries have seen the importance of financial education by making financial
education a national strategy. In Vietnam, although the National Strategies for Inclusive Financial
Education has been proposed since 2017 and officially included in the National Financial Inclusion
Strategy in 2020, however, financial education is still quite new, and many people are not aware of
the necessity of financial l
Today, in the rapidly emerging globalization process, increasing the competitiveness of enterprises
depends on increasing of their firm performance. Although there are many methods and techniques affecting
firm performance, Information technology (IT) capabilities has become one of the most widely used method,
especially in dealing with supply chain matters of a firm. The aim of our study is to express whether innovation
and organization learning is effective as intermediate variable to the effects of IT capabilities at firm’s
performance. The opinion which claim
Globally, the number of startup companies has rapidly expanded during the last 5-8 years. Offering
products and/or services that greatly enhance the lives of its clients is a major focus for these firms. In India,
local and federal government initiatives have provided new enterprises and entrepreneurs with much
momentum and assistance, helping India become the world's top startup location. The Government of India
(GOI) launched the "Startup India" campaign in 2015 to promote entrepreneurship and support businesses to
achieve this goal (Babu, S., Sridevi, K.,2019). An IBM Center for Business Value and Oxford Economics study
in 2018 found that 90% of Indian companies fail within the first five years of operation. Potential difficulties
that startups may run across, both generally and specifically in the Indian market, have been described by
several authors.
Behaviour finance is the study of how psychological phenomena affect financial behaviour. This
financial science is used in making financial decisions. Amid the development of the digital economy, paylater
innovation has emerged. It is feared that the ease of use of paylater can have a negative impact, one of which is
the attitude of impulsive buying. This research will analyze the effect of financial literacy, self-control, risk
perception, and percieved ease of use on impulsive buying behaviour. This research is based on Decision Affect
Theory, which is a theory that discusses financial decision behaviour that is influenced by self-emotion. This
research is uses purposive sampling wi
Improving the business environment is one of the key strategies to promote local and regional
economic development. However, which factors affect the business environment of the provinces is still
controversial. Using survey data from 400 investors and managers and a multivariate regression analysis
method, this study has identified the factors affecting the business environment of Hai Phong province. The
analysis results show that there are 09 factors affecting the business environment of Hai Phong City, including
entry costs, land access and tenure, transparent, informal charges, time cost, pro-activeness, business support
services, labor training and legal institutions. In
The effect of work attitude and innovation ability on employee innovation performance is of great
significance for improving the innovation ability of manufacturing enterprises and building an "Innovative
Country" in China.This article theoretical analysis was conducted on the mechanism by which the work attitude
of employees in manufacturing enterprises affects innovation performance and the mediating mechanism of
innovation ability. Based on data from Chinese manufacturing enterprises, empirical analysis was conducted
using SEM models. Resear
The concept of organizational resilience continues to grow in focus and importance, but there
has yet to be an agreed upon measure of organizational resilience. Organizational resilience can be seen as a
corporation’s ability to adapt to change and maintain flexibility within their supply chain. Resilience and
flexibility at all organizational levels is necessary, in a proactive manner, to turn resilience into a competitive
advantage
In this paper, by using the basic method of differential geometry, combined with the optimization
theory and the basic technique of data analysis, the definition, basic properties and statistical characteristics of
nonlinear correlation coefficients on manifolds are studied and given, test the rationality and validity of the
nonlinear correlation coefficient defined in this paper. Therefore, the study of this paper has certain theoretical
value and potential practical significance.
This study aims to analyze and prove whether there is a positive and significant influence
between product quality and poki prices on purchasing decisions for Kobba brand coffee. The survey was
conducted using 53 respondents who were buyers who had purchased Kobba brand coffee more than once.
Information from respondents was obtained through a list of questions that were sent and returned by
respondents
In this paper, we introduce a universal framework for mean-distortion robust risk measurement and
portfolio optimization. We take accounts for the uncertainty based on Gelbrich distance and another uncertainty
set proposed by Delage & Ye. We also establish the model under the constraints of probabilistic safety
criteria and compare the different frontiers and the investment ratio to each asset. The empirical analysis in the
final part explores the impact of different parameters on the model results.
Despite the attainment of the famous Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of reducing the number
of poor people across the globe a significant number still live below the poverty line. The problem of poverty is
more endemic in developing countries like Nigeria. Several intervention efforts have been in place to address
the poverty question which persists partly due to serious financial exclusion and unethical activities of informal
finance providers.
The focus of this research was to establish the effect of entrepreneurship Ecosystem in inculcating
entrepreneurial propensity for community development. Promotion of entrepreneurship in Kenya has existed
ever since independence. The Government has shown tremendous support to entrepreneurship growth. The
Government have channelled financial support through funding such as Women Enterprise fund, Youth
Enterprise Fund and Uwezo Fund
In this paper, we consider an AAI with two types of insurance business with p-thinning dependent
claims risk, diversify claims risk by purchasing proportional reinsurance, and invest in a stock with Heston
model price process, a risk-free bond, and a credit bond in the financial market with the objective of maximizing
the expectation of the terminal wealth index effect, and construct the wealth process of AAI as well as the the
model of robust optimal reinsurance-investment problem is obtained, using dynamic programming, the HJB
equation to obtain the pre-default and post-default reinsurance-investment strategies and the display expression
of the value function, respectively, and the sensitivity of the model parameters is analyzed through numerical
experiments to obtain a realistic economic interpretation. The model as well as the results in this paper are a
generalization and extension of the results of existing studies.
:Textiles and clothing are a fundamental part of everyday life and an important sector in the global
economy. It is hard to imagine a world without textiles. Clothes are worn by almost everyone, almost all the time
and it also becomes an important expression for an individuality. In 2015, emission from textiles production
totaled 1.2 billion tons of CO2 equivalent throughout its lifecycle. The fashion industry is a large consumer of
water, high volumes of water containing
In this paper, we construct a Credit Default Swap pricing model for default recovery rates under
distributional uncertainty based on a structured pricing model and distributional uncertainty theory. The model
is algorithmically transformed into a solvable semi-definite programming problem using the Lagrangian dual
method, and the solution of the model is given using the projection interior point method. Finally, an empirical
analysis is conducted, and the results show that the model constructed in this paper is reasonable and efficient
The closures of schools, colleges, and universities in many countries worldwide during the COVID19 pandemic have reshaped every aspect of our normal lives and educational experience. As a result of
extended periods of lockdown, whole populations have been advised to stay in their households and
communicate with others through distance electronic communications methods such as Zoom, Teams, Google
meetings etc. More than 1
Even though economists and academics have been studying money laundering for many years, there
are still gaps in the research because there is a dearth of trustworthy data on the activity as well as an absence
of specific sources and methods of collection in government-based reporting. The Walker-Unger gravity model
was used in this study to determine the countries that Russian-based money launderers used as funding
destinations between the years 2000 and 2020, as well as whether there are any variations in country rankings
during economic downturns. The investigation's findings indicated that even during recessionary times, money
launderers with Russian bases consistently preferred certain countries as their destination
This study will establish a scientific foundation for analyzing and assessing the development of
human resources in industrial parks of Hai Duong province. According to statistics and primary data, the
study analyzes the current situation of human resource development in the industrial parks in Hai Duong
province, states achievements, limitations and their causes, thereby giving solutions to improve the human
resource development in industrial parks of Hai Duong province in the future for the economic development
of industrial parks in particular and Hai Duong province in general.
Solar photovoltaic systems are becoming essential in renewable energy sources to help reduce
dependence on renewable energy sources, fossil fuels and mitigate climate change. In the world today, many
successful businesses bring efficiency to the environment as well as the global economy. However, to evaluate
the business performance of the global supply chain, it is necessary to find an appropriate method. This article
uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) methods to compare
performance across businesses
The objective of this research is 1) to study social media usage behavior of the elderly and 2) to
examine the relationship between factors of the social media usage behavior of the elderly in Surat Thani
Province, Thailand. The data were collected from selected elderly aged 60 years and older in Surat Thani
Province. The number of the sample in this study was 400. The questionnaire was used as a tool to collect the
data. Statistics used were frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Chi-Square
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Economic Order Quantity Stock Control Technique and Performance of Selected Level Five Hospitals: An Evidence of Kenya
1. International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM)
Volume 6 Issue 6 June 2021, P.P. 08-13
ISSN: 2456-4559
www.ijbmm.com
International Journal of Business Marketing and Management (IJBMM) Page 8
Economic Order Quantity Stock Control Technique and
Performance of Selected Level Five Hospitals: An Evidence of
Kenya
Korir Kiprotich Geoffrey1
, Dr. Pauline Kaitany2
, Dr. Hellen Sang3
1
MBA, School of Business, University of Kabianga, Kenya,
2
Department of Marketing Management Science, Tourism and Hospitality, University of Kabianga, 3
Department
of Marketing Management Science, Tourism and Hospitality, University of Kabianga
Abstract: Health sector is considered as one of the most important sectors in any economy because the
wellness of a country depends on the wellness of its citizens. This can be only achieved when there is an efficient
and effective health system in the country. Despite many government interventions to ensure that services are
not interrupted in public hospitals in Kenya, there are still many challenges as pertains to efficient stock
management leading to frequent stock outs. The paper main focus was to establish the relationship between
Economic Order Quantity stock control technique and performance of selected level five hospitals in south rift
region, Kenya. Which used economic quality theory. A correlation study design was appropriate. A target
population of 248 employees comprised of staff working under procurement and supply chain department who
were handling material acquisition, stock control department, record department and disposal department in
the selected level five hospital. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 156 respondents where
questionnaires were used for data collection. Data was analyzed descriptively and presented using frequency
tables. Inferential statistics was also analyzed using regression models. The study findings revealed that
economic order quantity had a positive statistical relationship with performance of the level five hospitals of β
=0.316, P<0.000. The study recommended that the hospital should always evaluate the time taken in
replenishing stocks. The study findings may be beneficial to stakeholders for better policy formulation and
scholars who will be interested in this area of study as they will use this study as a source of their secondary
data.
Keywords: EOQ, Stock Control Techniques, Performance, Correlational Research Design, Kenya.
I. Introduction
Stock control is a systematic approach which ensures that there is constant flow of materials in and out
of an organization. This usually entails a process of controlling the movement of stocks with a purpose of
ensuring that appropriate levels of stock are maintained in the organization at any particular time. This prevents
stocks from running out or an organization over stocking materials which may lead to adverse effects such as
locking of capital and insufficient materials for operations, (Dryden, Guise, Kato, Anderson, Aronson, Belinson
and Mitchell, 2015). Stock control management on the other hand is a management process that ensures proper
planning, organizing, directing and controlling the levels and amount of costs which are related to total value of
goods that are held in an organization at any given time, (Agus and Noor,2010).
Stock control management is purposive. It is aimed at preventing or reducing wastages and losses, getting better
value of return after disposing off supplies and lastly continuous utilization of supplies. For inventory
management to attain the organization’s objectives, the following should be adhered to; better inspections,
thorough tests, stores and warehousing, and inventory techniques need to be reinforced as well as proper transfer
and disposing of properties (Swaleh and Were, 2014). A study done in India by Kanagaraju and Baskaran
(2012) revealed that the main purpose of stock management in line with public procurement policies was to
maintain inventory at a minimum point considering the organizational needs at a given time in order to have the
highest possible output on financial capital invested. This can be achieved by minimizing stock holding costs
and stock run out costs. Ahmad, Norhasni, Zien and Yusoff, (2015) discovered that numerous problems
emanating from inventories management under the guideline of public procurement policy framework possess
threats to sustainability and performance of Malaysia health sector systems against a background of increasing
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health expenditures. The study established that the health sector systems in Malaysia are majorly inefficient due
to high resource wastages within the private and public sectors. The study findings revealed the need for
thorough implementation of inventories management techniques to contain those issues. Stock for drugs and
other medical equipment were poorly controlled leading to holding large stock which were not required
immediately. These drugs have high chances of becoming obsolete and other materials expiring leading to
inefficiencies and poor performance of the health sector
In the Kenyan context, stock management challenges are the same as those of other countries in Africa. Public
and private institutions face and continue facing stock control challenges. The Kenyan government enacted the
Kenya Procurement and Disposal Act (2005) with an aim of controlling the procurement, management and
disposal of materials in public institutions (Godana & Ngugi, 2014). Public procurement in all government
sectors including public health facilities follow the public procurement and disposal Act of 2005 and public
procurement regulations of 2006. Various studies done locally on the influence of stock control techniques on
organizational performance include that of Swaleh and Were (2014) who did an assessment to determine the
factors influencing effective implementation of material control techniques in public institutions in Kenya.
Findings from the study revealed that the main aim of public institutions in Kenya is to stock the correct
quantity of materials and maintaining minimum inventory costs.
A study conducted by Mungu (2013) indicated that in health facilities, stock management is put in place with an
aim of obtaining optimal inventory level of drugs and essential health equipment to foster or improve on service
delivery that satisfies the patients which is not the case in other institutions. A study by Nyabwanga (2012), on
the effect on stock control practices and performance of small business enterprises in Kenya established that
firms are using stock management system as a tool to increase their financial performance and gaining
competitive advantages. Majority of the companies in Kenya are using internal stock management techniques
such as computerized material control systems, material audit and developing organizations stock control
policies and procedures (Swaleh & Were, 2014).
The south rift region forms part of the large rift valley region in Kenya. It’s comprised of Kericho, Bomet,
Narok and part of Kajiado County. The health sector in this region has health facilities classified into national
referral hospital (level 7), provincial (level 6) and district health facilities (level 5) and health centres (level 3
and below). The ministry of health has classified health facilities based on their primary characteristics such as
the range of services they offer to the public and the facility’s bed capacity. Other secondary characteristics used
to categorize health facilities include the range and size of the hospital and the size of the hospitals’ target
population (MOH, 2012). There are three public level five hospitals in the region. These are Kericho, Longisa
and Narok Level five hospital.
The health sector falls under the devolved functions as stipulated under chapter 11 of the constitution of Kenya
as adopted in 2010. This sector is considered as one of the most important sectors in the country because the
wellness of the economy depends on the wellness of its citizens which is ensured by efficient and effective
health system. The government in achieving its vision 2030 and the big four agenda, has embarked on
promoting the health care systems. Despite this measures and efforts in the health sector, public hospitals are
still not in a position to offer adequate health services. According to the ministry of health reports, Poor
management of inventories in health facilities has affected efficient management of health projects. This is
because inventories in the health sector consume almost twenty percent of the gross domestic product as well as
sixty percent of the budget. Several studies have been done to establish the relationship between stock control
and organizational performance but majority of these studies have focused on the corporate sector while few
studies have been done targeting the service industry more so the health sector. Therefore, there was need for
further studies to examine the relationship between stock control techniques and performance of selected level
five hospitals in south rift region, Kenya. To assess the relationship between Economic Order Quantity stock
control technique and performance of selected level five hospitals in south rift region, Kenya.
II. Literature Review
Theoretical Review
Economic Order Quantity theory was postulated by Ford Wilson Harris in 1913. The theory was
critically analyzed and elaborated by Bovis, (2016). This model has proved that some costs increase while some
others decline. There is a clear evidence that ordering costs reduce with a reduction in stock holding and when
holding cost goes up total stock which is related with cost curve reach a minimum level. At this point, material
costs are minimized. Therefore, economic order quantity is a point where stock minimizes the total holding
material costs and order cost. According to Allen (2008), economic order quantity theory minimizes the cost
between stocks holding costs and costs of reorder. According to Erickson and Kovalainen (2008), there are
assumptions used to calculate economic order quantity. These assumptions are that time cycle is known and
constant; inventory holding cost are constant and; lead the price per unit is constant; ordering costs is known and
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constant; the replenishment is made instantaneously, the rate of demand is known and constant; no stock-outs
are allowed and the whole batch is delivered at once.
There is a limitation associated with economic order quantity. One of the limitations is that it does not take into
consideration of buffer inventories which are meant to be used when there is variation in demand and lead time
thus becoming hard to put into practice (Chalotra, 2013). This model takes all the items in the warehouse to be
determine their point of order and also economical amount of quantity to be ordered (Chinchuluun, Karakitsiou
and Mavrommati, 2016). There is an assumption by the model that other variables remain constant even if there
are some regular uncertainties experienced by all the businesses. This uncertainty can include damage during
transportation, changes in demand and delay in delivery. This uncertainty may require use of EOQ in order to
buffer stock against uncertainty of business environment. The theory is relevant to this study simply because it
ensures minimum inventory and maximum inventory levels are checked and evaluated because of effectiveness
and efficiency in production.
III. Empirical Review
Economic order quantity refers to the optimum amount of stock that a company is required to purchase
in order to minimize inventory costs such as storage costs, holding costs and ordering costs (Bachetti, Plebani,
Saccani & Syntetos, 2010). Economic order quantity is considered as one of the oldest classical production
scheduling models which was developed by Ford (1913). This model is considered ideal in managing stocks
levels when the demand for materials is constant over a period of time. New inventory order is delivered in full
once the stock levels have reached zero. For each order placed, it attracts a fixed cost regardless of the amount
of goods ordered. Each unit ordered also attracts a unit cost for storage known as holding cost. This cost is most
often indicated as a percentage of the total purchase cost of the item (Heravia & Pirayesh, 2019).
Economic Order Quantity helps the institution to have a plan on their stock reordering and ordering within the
right time duration such as yearly, half year, quarterly, or on monthly basis. This leads to minimizing warehouse
storage costs as stocks are bought and put into use almost immediately (Schonberger, 2008). It is therefore
important for organizations to assess and determine their re-order point in order to minimize costs. Improper and
inefficient management of inventories in organizations in the past has attracted a lot of attention from scholars’
interest who want to establish the appropriate technique that can improve organization performance
A study by Kisaka (2006) on the impact in reducing cost of raw materials stock in dairy firms established that
there was a cost saving element which had been brought by adoption of economic order quantity model. This
study was carried out by comparing the total cost incurred in keeping stocks of raw materials through traditional
project employed method and cost of stock management under economic order quantity method. The study
targeted all the dairy firms in one locality and collected primary data through structured questionnaires. These
implied that cost saving on storage and ordering of materials led to overall improvement of financial
performance of the dairy firms.
A study on economic order quantity technique and its impact on Firms financial performance was conducted by
Padachi (2006). The study used 58 small manufacturing firms in Mauritius from 1998 to 2003 where a case
study research design was adopted for the study. Quantitative data was analyzed by use of SPSS and findings
presented by correlation and regression models. The findings for the study indicated there was a relationship
between material receivables and profits margin. The main indicators adopted for the study were stock
replenishment period, cash conversion cycles, accounts payable and accounts receivable which were found to
have a positive influence on financial performance of the manufacturing firms.
A study was carried out by Panigrahi (2013) to assess the relationship between stock management and profit in
five top cement companies in India within a period 2001-2010. Controllable variables under study included size
of the organization, current ratio and financial debt ratio. Gross operating profit was used to measure the
dependent variable. The research findings revealed that material processing period had a negative relationship to
profitability of the firms. It was further established that the firms’ profit had insignificant relationship to
financial debt ratio.
A study by Thogori and Gathenya (2014) on the role of inventory management on customer satisfaction among
the manufacturing firms in Kenya established a positive relationship between inventory management technique
and customer satisfaction. The study was a case study of Delmonte Company as the organization has a well
elaborated supply chain material technology of sharing information which is closely connected to their clients in
real time to boost its stock management. The study adopted census research design because the target population
was small (50) and therefore all of them formed a sample size. Primary data collection technique was adopted
where an observation guide, interview guide and Questionnaire were used. The findings from the study revealed
that all the respondents agreed that there was minimum stock in the store. The study held that processing and
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manufacturing firms experienced low stock management system and this affected firms from satisfying their
clients thus leading to decrease in sales and profitability.
IV. Methodology
Correlational research design was utilized. Where selected public level five hospitals in south rift
region of Kenya with total population 258 employees working in procurement department. Stratified random
sampling technique was used, stratified into procurement departments which are procurement office, material
acquisition office, stock control office, record management office and disposal management office to select a
sample size of 156 respondents. Data was collected using structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were
analyzed and presented by use of frequency tables. These statistics indicated the mean and standard deviation
which was used to describe the nature of the relationship between stock management techniques and
performance. Inferential statistics was presented using regression models.
V. Results And Discussion
The study sought the respondents’ opinion on the use of Economic Order Quantity in management of
stocks in the organization. EOQ is a model that is used in purchasing to reduce inventory costs such as storage,
holding and ordering costs. This technique allows for ordering stocks based on the required amount only. The
summary results were presented in table 1 below.
Table 1: Frequency Table and mean for Economic Order Quantity Stock Control Technique
Statement on
Economic Order
Quantity
SA 5 A 4 N 3 D 2 SD 1 Mean SD
The hospital minimum
stock levels to
maintained in the
hospital at all the time
40(25.6) 60(38.5) 20(12.8) 24(15.4) 12(7.7) 3.5897 1.2384
Ordering costs are
evaluated periodically
40(25.6) 56(35.9) 8(5.1) 32(20.5) 20(12.8) 3.4103 1.3952
Holding costs is
evaluated to determine
the right amount of
stock to be purchased
32(20.5) 52(33.3) 28(17.9) 24(15.4) 20(12.8) 3.3333 1.3116
The hospital is always
aware of the time taken
to replenish stocks
44(28.2) 32(20.5) 20(12.8) 36(23.1) 24(15.4) 3.2308 1.4628
Economic Order
Quantity ensures
smooth flow of goods in
hospital
44(28.2) 36(23.1) 28(17.9) 12(7.7) 36(23.1) 3.2564 1.519
Use of EOQ ensures
smooth flow of goods
64(41.0) 44(28.2) 12(7.7) 16(10.3) 20(12.8) 3.7436 1.4136
Key: SD- Strongly Disagree, D= Disagree, N-Neutral, A-Agree, SA-Strongly Agree, SD- Standard Deviation.
From Table 1, the study established that 40(25.6) of the respondents strongly agreed that the hospital maintained
minimum stock levels at all the time. 60(38.5) of the respondents agreed, 20(12.8) were neutral while
24(15.4) disagreed and 12(7.7) of the respondents strongly disagreed. This resulted to a mean score of 3.5897 on
average, the hospitals maintained minimum stocks at all the time.
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When asked whether ordering costs were evaluated periodically; 40(25.6) of the respondents strongly agreed
that ordering costs were evaluated periodically. 56(35.9) agreed, 8(5.1) of the respondents were neutral
while 32(20.5) disagreed and 20(12.8) of the respondents disagreed with a mean of 3.4103.
On whether holding costs were evaluated to determine the right amount of stock to be purchased, 32(20.5) of the
respondents agreed, 52(33.3) agreed 28(17.9) were not sure while 24(15.4) disagreed and 20(12.8)
strongly disagreed. Therefore, majority of the respondents agreed that the hospital often evaluated to determine
the right amount of stock to be purchased with a mean score of 3.3333.
On examining whether the hospital was always aware of the time taken to replenish stocks, majority of the
respondents agreed to that effect 44(28.2), 32(20.5) of the respondents also agreed that the hospital was always
aware of the time taken to replenish stocks. 20(12.8) were not sure while 36(23.1) disagreed and 24(15.4)
strongly disagreed. This translated to mean of 3.23084. Finally, when asked on if Economic Order Quantity
ensured smooth flow of goods in hospital 44(28.2) strongly agreed, 36(23.1) agreed, 28(17.9) were not decided
and 12(7.7) disagreed while 36(23.1) strongly disagreed. A mean of 3.2564 was attained.
Thogori and Gathenya (2014) concurred with the results that the respondents agreed that minimum stock were
kept to assist in smooth running of the organization. However, the study further revealed that low stock
management system affected the client satisfaction and led to decrease of sale as well as profitability. It is
evident that despite holding minimum stock in the hospital there is need to restock early to avoid shortage of
drugs and essential items in the hospital. On the contrary, Panigrahi (2013) found negative relationship between
material processing period and profitability. However, the current study found the replenishing period to be
significant in performance of the hospital. It is important to have replenishing period that ensure sufficient
preparation for ordering until receiving hospital materials.
Economic order quantity was examined in relation to performance of level five hospital. The summary of
coefficient was presented in table 2 below.
Table 2: Regression Coefficient
Coefficients
Model Unstandardized
Coefficients
Standardized
Coefficients
t Sig. Collinearity Statistics
B Std.
Error
Beta Tolerance VIF
1 (Constant) -0.200 0.194 -1.035 0.302
Economic
Order
Quantity
0.316 0.066 0.277 4.777 0.000 0.516 1.939
a. Dependent Variable: Performance of selected level five hospitals
Source: Research Data (2021)
The regression coefficient in table 2 indicated that economic order quantity had strong significant relationship
with performance of selected level five hospitals (P<0.05). The model above indicates that if Economic Order
Quantity increases by one unit, it results to 0.316-unit increase in performance of level five hospitals.
HO1 There is no significant relationship between Economic order quantity stock control technique and
performance of selected level five hospitals in south rift region, Kenya.
The study established a positive statistical relationship between Economic order quantity stock control technique
and performance of selected level five hospitals hence the null hypotheses was rejected. Similar, results were
observed by Padachi (2006) where EOQ was found to have significant relationship with financial performance
of organization. These was based on the fact the EOQ managed stock replenishing to avoid stock out. Therefore,
EOQ has significant influence on the performance of organization.
VI. Summary, Conclusion And Recommendations
Summary
The research findings revealed that the hospital maintained minimum stock at all the time. Ordering and holding
costs were evaluated periodically to determine the value of stock that could be held at the facility. However, it
was established that the hospital was not aware of the time taken to replenish stocks. The study established a
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significant strong relationship (β =0.316, P<0.05) between economic order quantity stock control technique and
performance.
Conclusion
From the summary of the findings, the study concluded that the hospitals used EOQ technique in the
management of materials. Minimum stock levels were maintained at the hospitals. The study also concluded that
the hospital had efficient stock level tracking systems which ensured that the management were aware of the
level of stock at all the time.
Recommendations
From the findings, the study recommends that; the hospital should always be sure of the time taken in
replenishing stocks. This ensures that stocks levels are well maintained at all the time. The hospital should also
evaluate the ordering and holding costs periodically for better cost management.
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