This document summarizes a study that examined the effect of supply chain management on the quality of health services in Jordanian private hospitals. The study aimed to measure the impact of dimensions of supply chain management (relationship with suppliers, specifications and standards, delivery, after-sales service) on dimensions of health service quality (responsiveness, trust, safety). A questionnaire was distributed to procurement officers at 36 private hospitals in Jordan. The results showed that relationship with suppliers, specifications and standards, and delivery/after-sales service had a significant effect on quality of health services. There were no differences found due to gender, education, age, or experience.
Service innovation involves internal processes and responding to external environmental changes.
However, most of the previous literature related to hospital evaluations has focused on the impact of hospital
evaluation systems on medical quality or business models
The Effect of Service Quality on Patient Loyalty (A Study on Inpatients of Re...IJAEMSJORNAL
This study aims at examining whether service quality influences customer loyalty, in this case, hospital’s inpatient. Service quality is represented in the form of five independent variables, which are tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. This study is conducted at some regional hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia, and the respondents are inpatients of the concerned hospitals. The data are analyzed by employing a multiple linear regression method. The research shows that the five independent variables simultaneously, significantly influence patient loyalty. Partially, almost all of the independent variables significantly influence it except the reliability variable.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
Background: Safe, timely and accessible essential surgery and anesthesia is now integral to universal health coverage with the passage of World Health Organization Resolution
68/15. In the past, hospital-based surgical assessment surveys and indices were critical for advocacy, illustrating real infrastructure deficits and needs. The Lancet
Commissions on Global Surgery goals for 2030 and its indicators, targeting anesthesia, obstetrics and surgery in low-income countries, indicated the creation of a new global surgery index.
Methods: Indicator thresholds and data were identified and collected from World Health Organization public data sets and available literature. Quintile categories were used to assign points and descriptive statistics were used generated indices of low-income countries, as well as illustrating data collection needs.
Results: A Lancet Commissions on Global Surgery indicator-based index was generated.
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea had the lowest surgical capacity index at
9.09%; Ethiopia and Sierra Leone had the highest at 81.81%. The average equaled
60.41%. 6 out of 17 indicators had no reported data; while only cesarean section rate had reported data from all LICs.
Conclusion: This Lancet Commissions on Global Surgery indicator-based index can be used in real-time surgical system capacity-building (such as infrastructure planning and assessment for expanding best practices in low-income countries) to achieve safe, timely and accessible global essential surgery and anesthesia by 2030. Despite the WHA
Resolution, data collection gaps may slow the pace of attaining that vision. Thus, stakeholders can use this tool to aid in assuring surgical access, quality improvement, and stronger data collection.
Service innovation involves internal processes and responding to external environmental changes.
However, most of the previous literature related to hospital evaluations has focused on the impact of hospital
evaluation systems on medical quality or business models
The Effect of Service Quality on Patient Loyalty (A Study on Inpatients of Re...IJAEMSJORNAL
This study aims at examining whether service quality influences customer loyalty, in this case, hospital’s inpatient. Service quality is represented in the form of five independent variables, which are tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. This study is conducted at some regional hospitals in Jakarta, Indonesia, and the respondents are inpatients of the concerned hospitals. The data are analyzed by employing a multiple linear regression method. The research shows that the five independent variables simultaneously, significantly influence patient loyalty. Partially, almost all of the independent variables significantly influence it except the reliability variable.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
Background: Safe, timely and accessible essential surgery and anesthesia is now integral to universal health coverage with the passage of World Health Organization Resolution
68/15. In the past, hospital-based surgical assessment surveys and indices were critical for advocacy, illustrating real infrastructure deficits and needs. The Lancet
Commissions on Global Surgery goals for 2030 and its indicators, targeting anesthesia, obstetrics and surgery in low-income countries, indicated the creation of a new global surgery index.
Methods: Indicator thresholds and data were identified and collected from World Health Organization public data sets and available literature. Quintile categories were used to assign points and descriptive statistics were used generated indices of low-income countries, as well as illustrating data collection needs.
Results: A Lancet Commissions on Global Surgery indicator-based index was generated.
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea had the lowest surgical capacity index at
9.09%; Ethiopia and Sierra Leone had the highest at 81.81%. The average equaled
60.41%. 6 out of 17 indicators had no reported data; while only cesarean section rate had reported data from all LICs.
Conclusion: This Lancet Commissions on Global Surgery indicator-based index can be used in real-time surgical system capacity-building (such as infrastructure planning and assessment for expanding best practices in low-income countries) to achieve safe, timely and accessible global essential surgery and anesthesia by 2030. Despite the WHA
Resolution, data collection gaps may slow the pace of attaining that vision. Thus, stakeholders can use this tool to aid in assuring surgical access, quality improvement, and stronger data collection.
A study on patient satisfaction with special reference to government hospital...Tapasya123
In this study researchers analyse the satisfaction level of patients regard to facilities
available in government hospitals. A sample of 100 patients is taken from Pandit Brij
Sundar Shama Government General Hospital (GGH) at Bundi District in the state
of Rajasthan in India. Four dimensions of perceived quality were identified—Admission
Procedure, Diagnostic Services, Behaviour of the staff, Cleanliness. The developed
scale is used to evaluate perceived quality at a range of various types of facilities
for patients. Perceived quality at public facilities is only marginally favourable, leaving
much scope for improvement. Better staff and physician relations, interpersonal skills,
good diagnostic and cleanliness service can improve the level of satisfaction among
employees.
Keywords:
2 ijmpd mar-2018-1-the effect of the characteristicsAI Publications
Background: This study focused on the evidence-based research investigating the correlations between the job characteristics, work stress and job satisfaction of the pharmacists serving in the hospitals and the community pharmacies. Methods: The subjects were mainly drawn from pharmacists who served in regional hospitals and community pharmacies in Taiwan, the total valid questionnaires were 190 copies. Regression analysis was adopted for inferential statistics to investigate the correlation between the job characteristics, work stress and job satisfaction of the pharmacists who served in community pharmacies. Results: We concluded that four factors significantly affected job satisfaction of the pharmacists in the community pharmacies (p <0.01); in the meantime, the educational background and job characteristics markedly affected job satisfaction of the pharmacists in the hospital pharmacy (p <0.01). Conclusion: Our study results can be the references for relevant entities during the management of human resources in order to provide a reasonable working environment to the pharmacists.
Assessment of healthcare providers’ collaboration at governmental hospitalsiyad shaqura
This is the presentation of master thesis in public health which was about the assessment of healthcare providers collaboration at governmental hospitals in Gaza Governorates in Palestine.
Health Care Quality: The impact of hospital quality system in private and pub...AI Publications
This research focuses on the development of the healthcare system in Kurdistan region in northern Iraq, with particular attention given to the linkage between the quality system introduction by the healthcare providers and patient’s satisfaction. The researcher developed three research hypotheses to measure the impact of hospital quality system in private and public sector on patients’ satisfaction in Kurdistan region of Iraq. A quantitative method used in order to analyze the current study. The random sampling was carried out in locations in Erbil, Sulayimaniah and Duhok. A total of 1400 questionnaires were distributed, however 993 questionnaires were received and being completed properly. The findings revealed that the result of first hypothesis, developed a system of quality management has significantly predicted patient satisfaction (Beta is weight 0.875, p<.001) this indicates that developed a system of quality management will have a direct positive association with patient satisfaction based on this result the first hypotheses supported. As for second research hypothesis, complex systems of quality managementhas significantly predicted patient satisfaction (Beta is weight 0.571, p<.001) this indicates that complex systems of quality managementwill have a positive association with patient satisfaction based on this results the second research hypotheses supported, and finally as for third research hypothesis, focus strategy has significantly predicted patient satisfaction (Beta is weight 0.529, p<.001) this indicates that the introduction of the system of the quality management will have a positive association with patient satisfaction based on this results the third research hypotheses supported.
The Impact of Quality on Satisfaction: Case Study of Mongolia Private Hospitalsijtsrd
Quality of service is the most important indicator of patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of service quality on overall patient satisfaction in private hospitals in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The study sample consisted of 69 patients who were selected from eight private general hospitals in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, using a sequential sample. Data analysis was performed using a t test, ANOVA and multivariate regression. This study found a close relationship between quality of service and patient satisfaction. About 45 of the differences in overall satisfaction are due to four aspects of quality of service. In terms of process quality, the waiting time for visits, receptions and operations should be reduced, and services should be provided as soon as possible. The need to strengthen the interpersonal aspects of care and communication skills of service providers should be emphasized. Uugantsetseg Davaadorj | Otgontsetseg Galindev "The Impact of Quality on Satisfaction: Case Study of Mongolia Private Hospitals" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29711.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/research-method/29711/the-impact-of-quality-on-satisfaction-case-study-of-mongolia-private-hospitals/uugantsetseg-davaadorj
Analysis Factors of Hospital Services Quality and User Satisfactioninventionjournals
This study aims to identify the factors of service quality and user satisfaction Hospital type B in East Java and constraints the government's efforts in improving the quality of hospital services. Technique of the analysis of data in this study using descriptive analysis and factor analysis and also obtained by interview to director of hospitals. The results showed that hospital users are women with the quality of hospital services is good, but there is still an effort to improve and based on that service quality established by 5 factors; clarity of procedures, employee competence, professionalism, effectiveness and competence. While user satisfaction built by 3 factors are tangible, reliability and empathy. Constraints faced by the government in improving service quality is the limited medical and paramedical personnel, facilities and infrastructure, including the availability of medical equipment, low public awareness of service and the poor public image of hospital services.
Ranking the micro level critical factors of electronic medical records adopti...hiij
In many countries, the health care sector is entering into a time of unprecedented change. Electronic
Medical Record (EMR) has been introduced into healthcare organizations in order to incorporate better
use of technology, to aid decision making, and to facilitate the search for medical solution. This needs
those professionals in healthcare organizations to be in the process of changing from the use of paper to
maintain medical records into computerized medical recordkeeping opportunities. However, the adoption
of these electronic medical records systems has been slow throughout the healthcare field. The critical
users are physicians which play an important role to success of health information technology including
Electronic Medical Record systems. As a result user adoption is necessary in order to understand the
benefits of an EMR. Therefore, in the current paper, a model of ranking factors of micro-level in EMRs
adoption was developed. Surveys distributed to physicians as this study’s respondent in two private
hospitals in Malaysia. The findings indicate that physicians have a high perception means for the
technology and showed that EMR would increase physician’s performance regarding to decision making.
They have been and continue to be positively motivated to adopt and use the system. The relevant factors
according to micro-level perspective prioritized and ranked by using the Technique for Order of
Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The aim of ranking and using this approach is to
investigate which factors are more important in EMRs adoption from the micro-level perspectives. The
results of performing TOPSIS is as a novelty which assist health information systems (HIS) success and
also healthcare organizations to motivate their users in accepting of new technology.
An Empirical Study on Patient Delight and the Impact of Human and Non-Human F...IOSR Journals
Health, one of the Fundamental Human Rights has been accepted in the Indian Constitution. Today the healthcare industry has emerged as one of the most challenging sectors as well as one of the largest service sector industries in India. Patient perceived service quality become the prominent aspect to choose between hospitals. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate patient perceived service quality in Indian hospitals. Further the impact of the dimensions on patient satisfaction and patient delight is examined. A questionnaire was administered to the in-patients and multiple regression analysis has been used to examine the impact of the dimensions on patient satisfaction and patient delight. Findings emphasize eight distinct dimensions of patient perceived service quality and the impact on patient satisfaction and patient delight. A positive and significant relationship with patient satisfaction and patient delight has been found, except two dimensions. The results of this study are limited, as they are based on Indian hospitals. The contribution of this research paper, incorporate patient delight in health care sector. In addition, this paper highlights the importance of emotional attachment for patient satisfaction and patient delight in health care.
In the existence of mankind, a phrase has all the time
occupied the mind of most, if not all, of everyone, that of
attaining satisfaction out of what is being done, especially,
from the means of livelihood, termed as job satisfaction. Job
satisfaction is being described as the regard to one's feelings
or state-of-mind about the nature of everyone’s work. It is a
very important contributing factor for a person’s productivity
and motivation.
Medical Affairs, as a function, sits at a crossroads in the pharmaceutical industry. The department is expected to act as a bridge between the commercial and scientific arms of an organization. Medical Affairs is further tasked with being the conduit of information between the company and external stakeholders, bringing efficacy and safety data to the medical community as well as gathering insights from the medical community to share internally. All responsibilities must be undertaken while keeping in mind strict regulatory controls and ensuring that medical data are interpreted appropriately.
ISR has designed this report to be used as a benchmarking tool for companies to compare their Medical Affairs functions to those of Top 50 pharmaceutical organizations.
See more: http://bit.ly/medaffairs
A study on patient satisfaction with special reference to government hospital...Tapasya123
In this study researchers analyse the satisfaction level of patients regard to facilities
available in government hospitals. A sample of 100 patients is taken from Pandit Brij
Sundar Shama Government General Hospital (GGH) at Bundi District in the state
of Rajasthan in India. Four dimensions of perceived quality were identified—Admission
Procedure, Diagnostic Services, Behaviour of the staff, Cleanliness. The developed
scale is used to evaluate perceived quality at a range of various types of facilities
for patients. Perceived quality at public facilities is only marginally favourable, leaving
much scope for improvement. Better staff and physician relations, interpersonal skills,
good diagnostic and cleanliness service can improve the level of satisfaction among
employees.
Keywords:
2 ijmpd mar-2018-1-the effect of the characteristicsAI Publications
Background: This study focused on the evidence-based research investigating the correlations between the job characteristics, work stress and job satisfaction of the pharmacists serving in the hospitals and the community pharmacies. Methods: The subjects were mainly drawn from pharmacists who served in regional hospitals and community pharmacies in Taiwan, the total valid questionnaires were 190 copies. Regression analysis was adopted for inferential statistics to investigate the correlation between the job characteristics, work stress and job satisfaction of the pharmacists who served in community pharmacies. Results: We concluded that four factors significantly affected job satisfaction of the pharmacists in the community pharmacies (p <0.01); in the meantime, the educational background and job characteristics markedly affected job satisfaction of the pharmacists in the hospital pharmacy (p <0.01). Conclusion: Our study results can be the references for relevant entities during the management of human resources in order to provide a reasonable working environment to the pharmacists.
Assessment of healthcare providers’ collaboration at governmental hospitalsiyad shaqura
This is the presentation of master thesis in public health which was about the assessment of healthcare providers collaboration at governmental hospitals in Gaza Governorates in Palestine.
Health Care Quality: The impact of hospital quality system in private and pub...AI Publications
This research focuses on the development of the healthcare system in Kurdistan region in northern Iraq, with particular attention given to the linkage between the quality system introduction by the healthcare providers and patient’s satisfaction. The researcher developed three research hypotheses to measure the impact of hospital quality system in private and public sector on patients’ satisfaction in Kurdistan region of Iraq. A quantitative method used in order to analyze the current study. The random sampling was carried out in locations in Erbil, Sulayimaniah and Duhok. A total of 1400 questionnaires were distributed, however 993 questionnaires were received and being completed properly. The findings revealed that the result of first hypothesis, developed a system of quality management has significantly predicted patient satisfaction (Beta is weight 0.875, p<.001) this indicates that developed a system of quality management will have a direct positive association with patient satisfaction based on this result the first hypotheses supported. As for second research hypothesis, complex systems of quality managementhas significantly predicted patient satisfaction (Beta is weight 0.571, p<.001) this indicates that complex systems of quality managementwill have a positive association with patient satisfaction based on this results the second research hypotheses supported, and finally as for third research hypothesis, focus strategy has significantly predicted patient satisfaction (Beta is weight 0.529, p<.001) this indicates that the introduction of the system of the quality management will have a positive association with patient satisfaction based on this results the third research hypotheses supported.
The Impact of Quality on Satisfaction: Case Study of Mongolia Private Hospitalsijtsrd
Quality of service is the most important indicator of patient satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of service quality on overall patient satisfaction in private hospitals in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The study sample consisted of 69 patients who were selected from eight private general hospitals in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, using a sequential sample. Data analysis was performed using a t test, ANOVA and multivariate regression. This study found a close relationship between quality of service and patient satisfaction. About 45 of the differences in overall satisfaction are due to four aspects of quality of service. In terms of process quality, the waiting time for visits, receptions and operations should be reduced, and services should be provided as soon as possible. The need to strengthen the interpersonal aspects of care and communication skills of service providers should be emphasized. Uugantsetseg Davaadorj | Otgontsetseg Galindev "The Impact of Quality on Satisfaction: Case Study of Mongolia Private Hospitals" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29711.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/research-method/29711/the-impact-of-quality-on-satisfaction-case-study-of-mongolia-private-hospitals/uugantsetseg-davaadorj
Analysis Factors of Hospital Services Quality and User Satisfactioninventionjournals
This study aims to identify the factors of service quality and user satisfaction Hospital type B in East Java and constraints the government's efforts in improving the quality of hospital services. Technique of the analysis of data in this study using descriptive analysis and factor analysis and also obtained by interview to director of hospitals. The results showed that hospital users are women with the quality of hospital services is good, but there is still an effort to improve and based on that service quality established by 5 factors; clarity of procedures, employee competence, professionalism, effectiveness and competence. While user satisfaction built by 3 factors are tangible, reliability and empathy. Constraints faced by the government in improving service quality is the limited medical and paramedical personnel, facilities and infrastructure, including the availability of medical equipment, low public awareness of service and the poor public image of hospital services.
Ranking the micro level critical factors of electronic medical records adopti...hiij
In many countries, the health care sector is entering into a time of unprecedented change. Electronic
Medical Record (EMR) has been introduced into healthcare organizations in order to incorporate better
use of technology, to aid decision making, and to facilitate the search for medical solution. This needs
those professionals in healthcare organizations to be in the process of changing from the use of paper to
maintain medical records into computerized medical recordkeeping opportunities. However, the adoption
of these electronic medical records systems has been slow throughout the healthcare field. The critical
users are physicians which play an important role to success of health information technology including
Electronic Medical Record systems. As a result user adoption is necessary in order to understand the
benefits of an EMR. Therefore, in the current paper, a model of ranking factors of micro-level in EMRs
adoption was developed. Surveys distributed to physicians as this study’s respondent in two private
hospitals in Malaysia. The findings indicate that physicians have a high perception means for the
technology and showed that EMR would increase physician’s performance regarding to decision making.
They have been and continue to be positively motivated to adopt and use the system. The relevant factors
according to micro-level perspective prioritized and ranked by using the Technique for Order of
Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The aim of ranking and using this approach is to
investigate which factors are more important in EMRs adoption from the micro-level perspectives. The
results of performing TOPSIS is as a novelty which assist health information systems (HIS) success and
also healthcare organizations to motivate their users in accepting of new technology.
An Empirical Study on Patient Delight and the Impact of Human and Non-Human F...IOSR Journals
Health, one of the Fundamental Human Rights has been accepted in the Indian Constitution. Today the healthcare industry has emerged as one of the most challenging sectors as well as one of the largest service sector industries in India. Patient perceived service quality become the prominent aspect to choose between hospitals. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate patient perceived service quality in Indian hospitals. Further the impact of the dimensions on patient satisfaction and patient delight is examined. A questionnaire was administered to the in-patients and multiple regression analysis has been used to examine the impact of the dimensions on patient satisfaction and patient delight. Findings emphasize eight distinct dimensions of patient perceived service quality and the impact on patient satisfaction and patient delight. A positive and significant relationship with patient satisfaction and patient delight has been found, except two dimensions. The results of this study are limited, as they are based on Indian hospitals. The contribution of this research paper, incorporate patient delight in health care sector. In addition, this paper highlights the importance of emotional attachment for patient satisfaction and patient delight in health care.
In the existence of mankind, a phrase has all the time
occupied the mind of most, if not all, of everyone, that of
attaining satisfaction out of what is being done, especially,
from the means of livelihood, termed as job satisfaction. Job
satisfaction is being described as the regard to one's feelings
or state-of-mind about the nature of everyone’s work. It is a
very important contributing factor for a person’s productivity
and motivation.
Medical Affairs, as a function, sits at a crossroads in the pharmaceutical industry. The department is expected to act as a bridge between the commercial and scientific arms of an organization. Medical Affairs is further tasked with being the conduit of information between the company and external stakeholders, bringing efficacy and safety data to the medical community as well as gathering insights from the medical community to share internally. All responsibilities must be undertaken while keeping in mind strict regulatory controls and ensuring that medical data are interpreted appropriately.
ISR has designed this report to be used as a benchmarking tool for companies to compare their Medical Affairs functions to those of Top 50 pharmaceutical organizations.
See more: http://bit.ly/medaffairs
Running head QUALITY IMPROVEMENT FOR PUBLIC HEALTH FACILITIES .docxtoltonkendal
Running head: QUALITY IMPROVEMENT FOR PUBLIC HEALTH FACILITIES 1
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT FOR PUBLIC HEALTH FACILITIES 6
Quality Improvement for Public Health Facilities
Qualitative Research Methods Evaluation
AIU ONLINE
HLTH 335 1701A - 01
UNIT 2 IP
The type of study in the four listed articles include the following. Article one by Chaudhry et al., (2006) was a qualitative study. The authors conducted a system review from expert opinion and literature review to determine the role that information technology had played in enhancing health care quality, efficiency and costs of medical care. The authors hypothesized that information technology had played a significant role in improving the quality of medical care by increasing adherence to medical guidelines, improving disease surveillance and decreasing medication errors. The type of study for the second article was also a qualitative study that examined 260 hospital on the issue of pay for performance strategy. The authors compared their results to other hospital that did not have the current nationwide pay for performance system, (Werner et al., 2010). The authors hypothesized that pay-for-performance system improved quality health care among hospitals in this system. The third article was also a qualitative study where the authors hypothesized that public reporting of hospital quality data and the pay for performance have emerged as the widely advocated tools for these that accelerate health facility’s improvement (Lindenauer et al., 2007). The fourth article was also a qualitative study article. The authors of the article hypothesized that the Keystone ICU project was associated with a significant decrease on the hospital mortality within Michigan as compared to the surrounding areas, (Lipitz-Snyderman, et al., 2011).
Article one utilized data from published expert opinion and literature search from academic data bases. There was no direct involvement of the human subject when collecting data for this article. Article two utilized data from 260 hospitals. The authors chose acute care hospitals that began operating in 2004. The author’s excluded four critical-access hospitals. Researchers of the third article used 2490 health services providers nation-wide who met the criteria for Hospital Quality Alliance (HQA). In the fourth article, the authors chose the patients who were treated in Michigan’s 95 study hospitals from 238, 937 total admissions. All the samples and the populations for these studies were appropriate.
During the study documentation Chaudhry et al., (2006) reported that hospital facilities documented and reported data on costs and contextual factors. Limitations of data in this article is that the systematic review utilized a mixed data of private and public initiatives into hospital systems. The public and private initiatives have different agendas. Werner et al., (2010), study results indicated that the two groups of hospitals were simil ...
Submission Id ab299d7c-b547-4cf3-958a-07922ca71f2765 SIM.docxdeanmtaylor1545
Submission Id: ab299d7c-b547-4cf3-958a-07922ca71f27
65% SIMILARITY SCORE 12 CITATION ITEMS 20 GRAMMAR ISSUES 0 FEEDBACK COMMENT
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Inst itut ion 65%
Patience Nehikhare
healthcaredeliverysystemchanges.docx
Summary
1175 Words
Running Head: HEALTHCARE DELIVERY SYSTEM
THE U.S. HEALTHCARE DELIVERY SYSTEM 2
Healthcare Delivery System
Patience Nehikhare
Grand Canyon University
December 22, 2019
The U.S. Healthcare Delivery System
There is a rapid change within the healthcare system in the United States. The
changes that have occurred were made for the purpose of improving quality,
rewarding value and not volume, as well as integrating and coordinating the care
(Seshamani & Sen, 2018). As such, this paper will seek to put into consideration
current healthcare laws within the U.S. and the nurse’s role within this continuously
changing environment; the manner in which quality measures and pay for performance
affect patient outcomes. Furthermore, the emerging trends in the healthcare system,
professional nursing leadership, and management roles will be discussed.
The Emerging Health Care Laws and their Effects on Nursing Practice
One of the most crucial healthcare legislat ions that has been enacted in the United
States since the inception of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965 is the Affordable Care
Act (Obama, 2016). The ACA was enacted in 2010. Issues relat ing to affordability,
ease of access, and the care quality within the United States healthcare system were
some of the driving factors that formed the list of many t ime spanning challenges
that compiled the init iat ion of this legislat ion. Between 2010 to 2015 there was a
decrease in the number of uninsured cit izens in the U.S. by forty three percent as an
effect of the Affordable Care Act.
The payment systems in healthcare are undergoing some changes and the access to
care has also improved (Obama, 2016). The ACA promotes preventive healthcare
models that put emphasis on quality care, primary care, and the funding of community
health init iat ives (Lathrop and Hodnicki, 2014). Millions of previously uninsured cit izens
are also provided insurance coverage and also some healthcare areas that need
reforms so as to meet the needs of patients’ improved healthcare outcomes are
highly focused by the act. The act has an effect on nursing practice in several ways.
The first effect is that the act creates a high demand for healthcare professionals
that are sufficiently trained to provide healthcare services that are up to the acts’
standards. The second effect is that Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs)
who hold the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) are required to be prepared so that
they can meet the increased needs through the provision of leadership skills in
community health centers. These professionals are also held accountable for direct ing
and advocating for future init iates as well as ser.
An Overview of Patient Satisfaction and Perceived Care of Qualityijtsrd
This paper aims to audit the patient satisfaction literature, precisely survey methods used, which fundamentally analyses its hypothesis and use at that point to introduce proof for perceived service quality as a discrete and further advanced construct. Findings Patient satisfaction has been widely reviewed and significant efforts have gone into creating survey instruments to estimate it. Although, most surveys have been critical of its utilization, since there is seldomly any hypothetical or calculated development of the patient satisfaction theory. The construct has little normalization, low accuracy and undetermined validity. It keeps on being utilized interchangeably with, and as an intermediary for, perceived health service quality, which is a conceptually extraordinary and predominant construct. Practical Implications The persistent utilization of patient satisfaction to assess the patients perception of the quality of a healthcare service is truly flawed. The way to settling this dilemma might be for the healthcare division to concentrate on perceived healthcare service quality by considering the particular theories and models that can be found in the administrations advertising literature. This literature offers further developed consumer theories which are preferred differentiated and tried over existing healthcare satisfaction models. Conclusion This paper brings up that there is a critical requirement for differentiation and normalization of patient satisfaction and healthcare service quality definitions and constructs, and argues for examination to concentrate on estimating perceived healthcare service quality. Shubham Chaurasia | Shivani Dadwal Salaria | Rakhi Ahuja | Amit Sharma "An Overview of Patient Satisfaction and Perceived Care of Quality" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31548.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/public-sector-management/31548/an-overview-of-patient-satisfaction-and-perceived-care-of-quality/shubham-chaurasia
A Study of Healthcare Quality Measures across Countries to Define an Approach...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
RANKING THE MICRO LEVEL CRITICAL FACTORS OF ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORDS ADOPTI...hiij
In many countries, the health care sector is entering into a time of unprecedented change. Electronic
Medical Record (EMR) has been introduced into healthcare organizations in order to incorporate better
use of technology, to aid decision making, and to facilitate the search for medical solution. This needs
those professionals in healthcare organizations to be in the process of changing from the use of paper to
maintain medical records into computerized medical recordkeeping opportunities. However, the adoption
of these electronic medical records systems has been slow throughout the healthcare field. The critical
users are physicians which play an important role to success of health information technology including
Electronic Medical Record systems. As a result user adoption is necessary in order to understand the
benefits of an EMR. Therefore, in the current paper, a model of ranking factors of micro-level in EMRs
adoption was developed. Surveys distributed to physicians as this study’s respondent in two private
hospitals in Malaysia. The findings indicate that physicians have a high perception means for the
technology and showed that EMR would increase physician’s performance regarding to decision making.
They have been and continue to be positively motivated to adopt and use the system. The relevant factors
according to micro-level perspective prioritized and ranked by using the Technique for Order of
Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The aim of ranking and using this approach is to
investigate which factors are more important in EMRs adoption from the micro-level perspectives. The
results of performing TOPSIS is as a novelty which assist health information systems (HIS) success and
also healthcare organizations to motivate their users in accepting of new technology.
INTERGRATIVE REVIEW 14
Equipment and Product Safety
Introduction
Equipment, drugs, and medical supplies have significant impact on quality of patient care and they account for high proportion of health care costs. Hospitals should make informed choices about what to procure in order to meet priority health needs and avoid wasting the limited resources (Chu, Maine, & Trelles, 2015). Procurement is an important part of managing equipment and products, and stock control, effective storage, and maintenance are also significant factors in health services. Many firms have produced information about important drugs, however, there is less information available about essential equipment and medical supplies (Weinshel, et al., 2015). This results in procurement of items which are inappropriate because they are incompatible with existing equipment, technically unsuitable, and spare parts are unavailable. Despite this, there is little information available about these aspects of management of equipment and medical supplies.
According to “American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN), there is convincing evidence that unhealthy surgery environment contributes significantly to ineffective care delivery, medical errors, and stress among nurses (Magill, O’Leary, Janelle, & Thompson, 2018). This integrative literature review was executed to find evidence between surgery operation environment and products on patient safety. This paper is intended to be resourceful in management and procurement of equipment and medical products at primary health care level. It includes guiding concepts for care and maintenance, selecting products and equipment, and safe disposal of medical waste.
Purpose of research
The integrative literature review aim at analyzing pieces of research which have been conducted on surgical environment and product and their effect on patient safety and outcome.
Background
Although there are various improvement ongoing, the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) remain a risk and cost within hospitals. Unsafe, inappropriate, and negligent surgical products and equipment affect one in ten patients, on average in the US. Despite the advancement in use of surgical techniques and ergonomic improvements in operating rooms, cases of surgical site infections (SSIs) are high and they cause patient mortality and morbidity. Necessarily, there is increased emphasis on prevention of these infections. The risk of error in operating environment is greater. Some of the environmental and products risks include risk of patient falling and risks of infections. In this light, nurses should promote use of evidence-based care to promote patient safety and improve the quality of care.
Patient safety is an important element in health care. Within the principles of WHO, patient safety is the reduction of risk of harm or injury associated with health care. Hospitals are focused in creating healthy and safe ...
A STUDY ON IMPACT OF PATIENT’S PREFERENCES ON SERVICE QUALITY OF THE HOSPITAL...IAEME Publication
Patient Preferences and Satisfaction regarding health care is a multidimensional concept that now becomes a very crucial health care outcome. An analysis of this Preferences and Satisfaction with the health care received revealed the following aspects for patient Preferences and Satisfaction and overall performance of an organization encompassing the total quality, trust, reputation, continuity, competence, information, organization, facilities, attention to psychosocial problems, humaneness and outcome of care. All of these factors have high influence on service quality of health care organizations and at the same time. While many current health care improvement efforts are taken by the government of India such as provision of health infrastructure, equipment, introduction of the health insurance scheme and the adjustments of the salaries of health workers, they seem to have overshadowed the need for constant monitoring to examine the quality of service being provided. Hence empirical research on service quality in hospital in is the need of the hour that signals an alarm to the hospital.
The National Academies Health and Medicine DivisionAbout U.docxdennisa15
The National Academies
Health and Medicine Division
About UsPublicationsActivitiesMeetings
Announcement
Crossing the Quality Chasm: The IOM Health Care Quality Initiative
In 1996, after releasing America's Health in Transition: Protecting and Improving Quality, the IOM launched a concerted, ongoing effort focused on assessing and improving the nation's quality of care.
The first phase of this Quality Initiative documented the serious and pervasive nature of the nation's overall quality problem, concluding that "the burden of harm conveyed by the collective impact of all of our health care quality problems is staggering" (Chassen et al., 1998).
IOM Definition of Quality
The degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge.
This phase built on an intensive review of the literature conducted by RAND to understand the scope of this issue (Schuster) and a framework was established that defined the nature of the problem as one of overuse, misuse and underuse of health care services (Chassen et al). More specifically, the report Ensuring Quality Cancer Care (1999) documented the wide gulf that exists between ideal cancer care and the reality many Americans with cancer experience.
During the second phase, spanning 1999-2001, the Committee on Quality of Health Care in America, laid out a vision for how the health care system and related policy environment must be radically transformed in order to close the chasm between what we know to be good quality care and what actually exists in practice. The reports released during this phase—To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System(1999) and Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century(2001)—stress that reform around the margins is inadequate to address system ills.
The series of IOM quality reports have included a number of metrics that illustrate how wide the quality chasm is and how important it is to close this gulf, between what we know is good quality care and what the norm is in practice.
To Err is Human put the spotlight on how tens of thousands of Americans die each year from medical errors and effectively put the issue of patient safety and quality on the radar screen of public and private policymakers. The Quality Chasm report described broader quality issues and defines six aims—care should be safe, effective, patient-centered, timely, efficient and equitable—and 10 rules for care delivery redesign.
Phase three of the IOM's Quality Initiative focuses on operationalizing the vision of a future health system described in the Quality Chasm report. In addition to the IOM, many others are working to create a more patient responsive 21st century health system, including clinicians/ health care organizations, employers/consumers, foundations/research, government agencies, and quality organizations. This collection of efforts focus reform a.
Has Accreditation made a difference in Healthcare Delivery in India by Dr.Mah...Healthcare consultant
There is consistent evidence that shows that accreditation programs improve the process of care provided by healthcare services. There is considerable evidence to show that accreditation programs improve clinical outcomes of a wide spectrum of clinical conditions. Accreditation programs should be supported as a tool to improve the quality of healthcare services.
Best Practices of Total Quality ManagementImplementation in .docxikirkton
Best Practices of Total Quality Management
Implementation in Health Care Settings
FAISAL TALIB
Mechanical Engineering Section, University Polytechnic, Faculty of Engineering and
Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
ZILLUR RAHMAN and MOHAMMED AZAM
Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee,
Roorkee, India
Due to the growing prominence of total quality management
(TQM) in health care, the present study was conducted to identify
the set of TQM practices for its successful implementation in
healthcare institutions through a systematic review of literature.
A research strategy was performed on the selected papers published
between 1995 and 2009. An appropriate database was chosen and
15 peer-reviewed research papers were identified through a
screening process and were finally reviewed for this study. Eight
supporting TQM practices, such as top-management commitment,
teamwork and participation, process management, customer focus
and satisfaction, resource management, organization behavior
and culture, continuous improvement, and training and educa-
tion were identified as best practices for TQM implementation in
any health care setting. The article concludes with a set of recom-
mendations for the future researchers to discuss, develop, and work
upon in order to achieve better precision and generalizations.
KEYWORDS health care institutions, total quality management,
TQM implementation, TQM practices
Address correspondence to Faisal Talib, Assistant Professor, Mechanical Engineering
Section, University Polytechnic, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim
University, Aligarh-202002, Uttar Pradesh, India. E-mail: [email protected]
Health Marketing Quarterly, 28:232–252, 2011
Copyright # Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
ISSN: 0735-9683 print=1545-0864 online
DOI: 10.1080/07359683.2011.595643
232
INTRODUCTION
The health care and medical services are growing immensely due to a high
influx of the private sector, changing disease patterns, medical tourism,
and demographic variations. Development of new and advanced techniques,
increased awareness on patient’s safety, intensity of competition in health
care market, and new generation of purchasers and providers have forced
the health care institutions to improve the efficiency and introduce a
consumer culture in their institutions for effective cost and quality of care
(Mosadegh Rad, 2005; Lee, Ng, & Zhang, 2002; Short, 1995). Quality of care
is the vital issue for every health care institution and there is an immediate
need for health care reforms in order to address and resolve the problems
associated with quality of care, as well as patient preferences, safety, and
choice (Koeck, 1997). Another critical issue is the consistently increasing
operating costs of health care institutions. Rising health care expenditures
have created serious financial burdens for the ex-chequer (government
department in charge of national revenue or national ...
A SURVEY ON FACTORS INFLUENCING QUALITY MANAGEMENT WITH REFERENCE TO NURSING ...IAEME Publication
The present study consists of following to analyse the impact of Institutional profile and care information provided to them on quality management. The research design is descriptive in nature. Primary data is collected with the help of structured questionnaire. The validity of research is based only on the data collected for the study. The present research is based on primary as well as secondary data. Simple random sampling method was used in selecting the respondents. The sample size is chosen for data collection of 150 respondents in quality management with reference to nursing services.
Quality and Cost of Accreditation's In Healthcare by Mahboob ali khan ,MHA,CPHQ Healthcare consultant
Accreditations and quality assurance systems have also been observed to reduce the average cost of hospitalization. This clearly indicates that accreditations and quality assurance systems help hospitals to streamline their functions and processes, minimize wastage and thereby aid in enhancing quality and reducing cost of care.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
The Metaverse and AI: how can decision-makers harness the Metaverse for their...Jen Stirrup
The Metaverse is popularized in science fiction, and now it is becoming closer to being a part of our daily lives through the use of social media and shopping companies. How can businesses survive in a world where Artificial Intelligence is becoming the present as well as the future of technology, and how does the Metaverse fit into business strategy when futurist ideas are developing into reality at accelerated rates? How do we do this when our data isn't up to scratch? How can we move towards success with our data so we are set up for the Metaverse when it arrives?
How can you help your company evolve, adapt, and succeed using Artificial Intelligence and the Metaverse to stay ahead of the competition? What are the potential issues, complications, and benefits that these technologies could bring to us and our organizations? In this session, Jen Stirrup will explain how to start thinking about these technologies as an organisation.
zkStudyClub - Reef: Fast Succinct Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Regex ProofsAlex Pruden
This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
Enhancing Performance with Globus and the Science DMZGlobus
ESnet has led the way in helping national facilities—and many other institutions in the research community—configure Science DMZs and troubleshoot network issues to maximize data transfer performance. In this talk we will present a summary of approaches and tips for getting the most out of your network infrastructure using Globus Connect Server.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)
2751 8775-1-sm
1. www.sciedu.ca/jms Journal of Management and Strategy Vol. 4, No. 2; 2013
Published by Sciedu Press 42 ISSN 1923-3965 E-ISSN 1923-3973
Supply Chain Management and Its Effect on Health Care Service Quality:
Quantitative Evidence from Jordanian Private Hospitals
Raeeda Jamal Al-Saa'da1
, Yara Khalid Abu Taleb2
, Mais Elian Al Abdallat3
, Rasmi Abd Alraheem Al-Mahasneh2
,
Nabil Awni Nimer4
& Ghazi A. Al-Weshah5
1
Princess Iman Research & Lab Science Center-Supply Department-Royal Medical Services, Jordan
2
Central Procurement branch-Royal Medical Services, Jordan
3
Main Medical Stores-Royal Medical Services, Jordan
4
Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Philadelphia University, Jordan
5
Faculty of Planning & Management, Al-Balqa Applied University, Jordan
Correspondence: Dr. Ghazi A. Al-Weshah, Faculty of Planning & Management, Al-Balqa Applied University,
Jordan. E-mail: weshah120@yahoo.com
Received: February 5, 2013 Accepted: April 2, 2013 Online Published: April 27, 2013
doi:10.5430/jms.v4n2p42 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jms.v4n2p42
Abstract
The study aims to explore and measure the effect of supply chain management's dimensions (relationship with
suppliers, compatibility, specifications and standards, delivery and after-sales service) on the quality of health
services' dimensions (responsiveness, trust, and security) in private hospitals in Jordan from the perspective of
procurement officers. The study also aims to clarify the differences between supply chain management and quality of
health services due to some demographic variables such as (gender, age, education level, and years of experience in
the field of supply).
The study employs a quantitative design using a hypothesis testing approach to identify the effect of supply chain
management dimensions on quality of health services. 315 questionnaires were distributed to male and female
employees working in the departments of supply and procurement divided on (36) private hospital in Jordan,
The study results show that there is a significant effect of supply chain management dimensions (the relationship
with suppliers, specifications and standards, and delivery, after-sales service) on the quality of health services. On
the other hand, the results also indicate that there are no differences between supply chain management and the
quality of health services due to gender, qualification, age, or experience.
Keywords: supply chain, service quality, quantitative analysis, hypotheses testing healthcare, Jordan
1. Introduction
Health organizations encounter many challenges accompanied with new requirements, namely; customer
dissatisfaction, increasing cost of the health services, competition and reducing the reimbursement for services. All
of these factors force the health organizations to adopt a system that can meet these requirements, dealing with the
continuous changes, technology changes, increase in the health services costing, increase in competitive position and
gaining customers’ satisfaction (Ali et al, 2012). There is an increasing need by private hospitals administrators to
adopt supply chain management; to promote the advancement of health care (Hong et al, 2012; Toba et al, 2008).
Due to cost control Supply chain management had become an important phenomenon by health care organizations in
order to achieve the organization's set goals. Supply chain management (SCM) deals with different categories of
flows; namely, flows of goods, flows of information and flows of funds within and among supply chain partners in
order to satisfy consumer needs in the most efficient way (Chopra & Meindl 2007). The supply chain literature has
focused mainly on employing material flows to best match supply and demand. However, it is important for a
competitive firm to manage and control information flows within the supply chain (Liu and Kumer 2003, Omar et al.
2010)
Supply chain management is controlling the information, materials, services and money through any activity in a
way that promotes the quality of an organization's operations; it also has to do with introducing new methods and
2. www.sciedu.ca/jms Journal of Management and Strategy Vol. 4, No. 2; 2013
Published by Sciedu Press 43 ISSN 1923-3965 E-ISSN 1923-3973
adjusting or enhancing old ones, adhering to the fact that efficiency is doing things right, and productivity is doing
the right things (Ashcroft 2006).There are several important problems in SCM that need to be resolved for efficient
operations and decisions. Most of those problems stem either from uncertainties concerned with decision making or
inability to coordinate several activities and partners (Turban, McLean, & Wetherbe, 2004). The stark reality of the
global health care market is that many patients who need quality care in developed, developing and underdeveloped
countries are either not receiving care or are receiving poor quality care (Murray et al. 2002).
The effects of supply chain management on health care quality, has to do with quality from an administrative point
of view, medical service quality can be measured from a professionally medical perspective, or from the recipient of
such services, the patient, or from an administrative perspective, which is the focus of this study. The quality of
health care services rendered from an administrative perspective primarily has to do making use of available
resources and the ability to attract new ones to cover the required needs of exceptional service, which provides the
right service at the right time at a reasonable cost. Supply chain management (SCM) deals with the management
processes of flows of goods, information and funds among supply chain partners in order to satisfy consumer needs
in an efficient way (Chopra & Meindl 2007).
Providing quality of health care service at a reasonable cost and rationalizing resources should never be at the
expense of a quality performance, which requires efficiency at both the planning and executing phases, personal and
professional competency and finally an internally structured philosophy to deal with external parties (Ayers. 2010).
More accurately, the search for more resources requires the development of public relations with the health sector as
a whole. This personal relation requirement is evident in the vague and complicated administrative organizations.
The health system, in general, is vague and complicated, requiring tremendous effort for the promotion of
administrative quality. This demonstrates the great importance of supply chain management and its role in ensuring
the quality of medical services. Omar et al (2010) also stated that supply chain management (SCM) includes the
management of product, information, and financial flow from the source of supplies to the manufacture and
assembly of the product right to the delivering of the final product to consumers.
The majority of research on SCM is from the traditional manufacturing sector; however, there have been several
attempts to examine its applicability in the services sector (e.g. Sengupta, Heiser and Cook 2006). Hence the study
will focus on the impact of supply chain management on the quality of health services through an applied study on
the sector of private hospitals in Jordan and through review of theoretical literature which dealt with the subject on
the one hand, and to explore the views of those concerned in this regard, officials from the supply and procurement
Jordanian private hospitals on the other.
The healthcare supply chain is composed of three major players at various stages, namely, producers, purchasers, and
healthcare providers. Producers include pharmaceutical companies, medicalsurgical products companies, device
manufacturers, and manufacturers of capital equipment and information systems. Purchasers include grouped
purchasing organizations (GPOs), pharmaceutical wholesalers, medicalsurgical distributors, independent contracted
distributors, and product representatives from manufacturers. Providers include hospitals, systems of hospitals,
integrated delivery networks (IDNs), and alternate site facilities (Toba et al, 2008).
Within healthcare sectors, quality management initiatives have been raised and hospitals focus on how quality care
can be delivered in order to influence outcomes with respect to hospital performance and patient satisfaction (Jiang,
Friedman and Begun 2006). A developing trend in the healthcare industry is the outsourcing of supply data
management to professional supply data service providers (Toba et al, 2008).
Although healthcare industries have faced serious competitive challenges through their network alliance, a
sustainable competitive advantage of healthcare supply chain has not been well examined (Hong et al, 2012). There
is an increasing evidence that emphasis quality management initiatives and focus on how healthcare quality can be
delivered in order to influence outcomes with respect to hospital performance and patient satisfaction (Jiang et al.
2006; Toba et al, 2008).
The paper, firstly presents a review of the literature pertaining to the concept of supply chain dimensions and quality
measurement in health care industry scope. Thereafter, the paper explains the methodology employed in this research.
The study results are then analyzed and interpreted in the light of theoretical evidence reported in extant literature.
Finally, a number of conclusions drawn from this investigation are discussed, along with limitations of the study and
avenues of future research.
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Published by Sciedu Press 44 ISSN 1923-3965 E-ISSN 1923-3973
2. The Study Aim and Objectives
The current study aims at clarifying the impact of supply chain management on the quality of health services in
hospitals in the Jordanian private hospitals sector from the supply chain officers' perspectives. More specifically, the
objectives of the study are to:
Identify the current status of supply chain in Jordanian private hospitals sector.
Identify the current status of supply chain in Jordanian private hospitals sector.
Measure the effect of supply chain management dimensions (the relationship with suppliers, specifications,
standards, delivery, and after-sales service) on the quality of health services dimensions (responsiveness,
trust, and safety).
Measure difference for the management of the supply chain due to personal and functional characteristics
(gender, age, educational level, experience).
2.1 Hypotheses of the Study
The current study includes two main hypotheses as follows:
2.1.1 The First Hypothesis: There is no significantly statistical effect for supply chain management dimensions (the
relationship with suppliers, specifications, standards, delivery, and after-sales service) on the quality of health
services dimensions (responsiveness, trust, and safety).
2.1.2 The Second Hypothesis: There is no significantly statistical difference for the management of the supply chain
due to personal and functional characteristics (gender, age, educational level, experience).
2.2 The Study Framework
Figure 1 shows framework of the study which includes independent and dependent variables, as well as some
demographic variables which are related to the study.
Figure 1. The study conceptual framework
Source: (Ross, 2008; Shaikh & Rabbani, 2005)
The study framework defines the relationships between dimensions of healthcare supply chain management
(relationship with suppliers, compatibility, specifications and standards, delivery and after-sales service) on the
quality of health services' dimensions (responsiveness, trust, and security) in private hospitals in Jordan from the
perspective of procurement officers.
2.2.1 Independent Variable (Supply Chain Management): the administrative unit that deals with suppliers (medical
companies) directly and determine the demand and specifications and conditions of purchase and receipt of all from
the Department of Supply and Procurement Section in private hospitals (Demeter & Gelei, 2004).
The dimensions of a quality health service are represented through:
4. www.sciedu.ca/jms Journal of Management and Strategy Vol. 4, No. 2; 2013
Published by Sciedu Press 45 ISSN 1923-3965 E-ISSN 1923-3973
Relationship with suppliers: the relationship of supply officers in hospitals with the companies that supply
products to the hospital.
Specifications and standards: specifications set by the supply officers as conditions for the supply in the
tender.
Delivery: indicates to delivery dates between the supply officer at the hospital and the company that supply
medical equipment and supplies. Delivery represents financial or contractual arrangements amongst
physicians, hospitals, and patients (Dobrzykowski et al, 2012).
After procurement service: follow-up maintenance and service and supply parts and needs by suppliers to
the hospital after the sale.
Compatibility: Compatibility in strategic objectives and cultural values of business partners facilitates
supply chain capabilities (Rajesh and Matanda, 2012). Compatibility is the appropriateness of medical
equipment and supplies to the specifications and standards that have been agreed upon between the supply
administrator in the hospital and the company that supplied such equipment and supplies.
2.2.2 Dependent Variable (Quality of Health Services): the delivery of health care services and it's continuous
improvements to meet the needs of patients, through work completion by highly skilled staff members dedicated to
high quality service (shaikh, 2005)
The dimensions of a quality health service are represented through:
Responsiveness: suppliers speed and accuracy in response to client requests (hospital). Responsiveness has
high validity and reliability in measuring the quality of services in health care sector. (Kazemzadeh et al.,
2011).
Trust: The degree of reliability enjoyed by the supplier from the viewpoint of supply officers at the hospital.
Trust is conveyed through faith, reliance, belief, or confidence in the supply partner (Spekman et al, 1998)
Safety: service provided to be free from uncertainty, risk and doubt to a certain degree. By increasing the
complexity of health care, the demand for improving patient safety and monitoring the quality of services
has become a critical issue (Manias, 2010)
The service quality includes two dimensions; the first dimension deals with procedures and specific systems which
are established to provide the service, while the second is a personal and concerned with the interaction among
workers and their attitudes and behaviors with customers (Abu-Kharmeh, 2012).
3. Literature Review
Hong et al, (2012) proposed a research model which defines the relationships between drivers of healthcare supply
chain management, healthcare supply chain policies and strategy, healthcare supply chain practices, and healthcare
supply chain outcomes. Their study discussed drivers of healthcare supply chain management in Korean context in
terms of their strategic focus on healthcare supply chain processes and healthcare cost performance.
Dobrzykowski et al. (2010) described how the healthcare delivery supply chain is decentralized, in other words,
lacking in traditional financial and contractual coordination mechanisms among supply chain members. It suggests
that partner relationship as a coordinating mechanism capable of influencing a hospital's integrative information,
resource strategy, and partnership culture leading to integration of the supply chain during care delivery. Bozarth et
al., (2009) presented four models of the supply chain which is used in (209) factories over seven European countries,
the study used four different models of the supply chain created by the researchers themselves. The results showed
that the greater the complexity of the supply chain model in the plant reflected negatively on performance, while
factories that have used a simple supply chain model shown more success in the level of performance.
Fredenall et al. (2009) investigated an internal supply chain for perioperative surgical services and attempted to
explore reasons for operational failures and productivity loss. They concluded that there are a number of factors
including a lack of process standardization, no effective mechanisms for dealing with bottlenecks or quality
problems and, finally, that the use of routines improved relational coordination but that even consensus between
departments did not sufficiently improve work flows Sinha and Kohnke (2009) presented a macro-perspective of the
healthcare supply chain which shows the development of healthcare is linked to the delivery of care through the
interdependence of industries that span new service and product development to delivery organizations. This chain
includes such development industries as medical devices, pharmaceutical, biotechnology firms which are connected
both directly and through the health care finance industry to the health care delivery sector.
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Al-Taher (2008) investigated the ability of the Ministry of Health to provide health services to citizens in Sudan
based on its financial resources. Using questionnaire, the study measures the impact of poor performance of health
services provided by the Ministry of Health in the state of Khartoum. The study results showed the adequacy of
financial resources available to the Ministry of Health in the state of Khartoum to provide health services, the results
also showed that weaknesses in the adequacy of financial resources reflected in some of the areas, including: lack of
manpower in the delivery of health services, and the weakness of aids and services necessary assistance to provide
health services, and weak financial incentives to health care employees.
Shah et al. (2008) used a field approach of study to examine how a particular health care supply chain was able to
increase performance by decreasing service time and increasing service quality in a decentralized network of health
care providers. They concluded that the use of lean principles can guide process improvement efforts and the
emphasis relational based coordination allowed the organizations to dramatically improve the supply chain
performance.
Hendricks & Singhal (2005) identified linking factors between weaknesses in the supply chain and operational
performance of industrial American companies in Florida. The study results showed that the return on sales and
return on assets occupied the first ranks in the impact on operational performance; the study indicated that companies
-suffering from different problems in the supply chain- have suffered from low growth, high operational costs, and
low profits. Boyer and Hult (2005) stated that there are important operations, marketing, and information technology
components to a service supply chain. These components are critical to whether or not the customer will intent to do
more business with the firm. The study identified the keys to customer intent in order to repurchase as product
quality, service quality, and e-business quality
More specifically in Jordan, Ali et al. (2012) explored the extent of applying TQM in hospital performance in the
Jordanian hospitals. The study includes two health sectors, namely: the public (King Abdullah University Hospital,
Irbid) and the private (Jordan Hospital and Medical Center, Amman). The findings of the study showed that the eight
principles of Total Quality Management are highly correlated with hospital performance likewise overall TQM has
significant positive relationship with hospital performance in the Jordanian context. Abu-Kharmeh (2012) evaluated
the quality of health care services provided in Jordan. The quality was measured by five dimensions, namely,
tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The results indicated that the level of health services
quality provided to patients in Jordanian hospitals was moderate; the service quality dimensions were also moderate
except responsiveness and assurance variables that were high. The responsiveness came at the first rank while the
reliability ranked lastly.
4. The Study Methodology
This study adopted quantitative design using a hypothesis testing approach to identify the effect of supply chain
management on quality of health services. Questionnaire was developed as data collection instrument. The sample
study consisted of the supply and procurement officers in (36) private hospitals operating in the Jordanian capital of
Amman, totally (315) questionnaires were distributed to male and female employees working in the departments of
supply and procurement, 307 questionnaires were returned and 6 questionnaires were excluded from the analysis due
to incomplete answers,
Thus, (301) questionnaires were used in analysis and hypothesis testing. The study tool has been prepared
constructed into two parts; the first part is to measure the supply chain and divided on four dimensions: the
relationship with suppliers, specifications and standards, delivery and after service supply, consisted of (15)
questions. While the second part of the questionnaire, which measures the quality of health services divided into four
dimensions: the relevance, responsiveness, trust and security, and is consisted of (25) questions.
To ensure the questionnaire validity, the questionnaire was “pilot-examined” by interviewing 4 managers and experts
in the supply chain departments who agreed to fill in the questionnaire and also to comment on the scales employed.
Then, their suggestions were collected and considered to improve validity of questionnaire. Moreover, the
questionnaire was pre-tested by sending three questionnaires to different supply chain managers to get their
comments and feedback. For the purpose of ensuring the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach’s alpha was used
as a measure of internal consistency reliability. A widely cited minimum threshold for the Crobanch Alpha is 0.70
(Malhotra, 2004). However, the calculated Cronbach's Alpha for the questionnaire as whole was 0.86 percent as
shown in appendix 1. 86% indicates to high internal consistency among the questions in the questionnaire
instrument.
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Table 1. Characteristics of the study sample
TotalPercentageFrequencyCategoriesVariable
301
87.0262Male
Gender
13.039Female
301
3.711Less than 30
Age
12.33731-40
66.820141-50
17.352More than 51
301
10.632Diploma
Educational level
51.5155BA
32.698MA
5.316PhD
301
5.617Less than 5
Experience
years
51.51555-10
30.69211-15
12.337More than 15
As shown in Table 1, most of the questionnaire respondents are males (87%), also the majority of the study
respondents were aged between 41-50 years. Bachelor's degree holders are the largest percentage among members of
the study sample. According to experience years, the majority of the questionnaire respondents have experience
years between 5-10 years.
5. Hypotheses Testing
The first hypothesis: there is no significant effect at the level of significance (α ≤ 0.05) for the
dimensions of the supply chain management (the relationship with suppliers, specifications, standards,
delivery, and after-sales service) on the quality of health services.
To test the hypothesis, simple regression analysis has been used to identify the impact of supply chain management
dimensions (the relationship with suppliers, specifications, standards, delivery, and after-sales service) on the quality
of health services.
Table 2 shows results of the simple regression analysis for the impact of supply chain management dimensions the
relationship with suppliers, specifications, standards, delivery, and after-sales service) on the quality of health
services.
Table 2. The simple regression analysis
Quality of healthcare services
Variables Significant
level
coefficients of
determination
(R2)
coefficients of
correlation
(R)
Beta
value
0.000.250.5025.04Supply chain management
0.000.160.4057.72Relationship with suppliers
0.000.160.3954.87Specifications and standards
0.000.120.3541.57Delivery
0.000.190.4368.47After sale service
Table 2 shows that the correlation coefficient of supply chain management dimensions (the relationship with
suppliers, specifications, standards, delivery, and after-sales service) with the quality of healthcare services is (0.50)
and the value of (beta) was 25.04 with a level of significance 0.00, therefore, the hypothesis zero is rejected and the
alternative hypothesis is accepted, consequently, there is a significant impact of supply chain management
dimensions (the relationship with suppliers, specifications, standards, delivery, and after-sales service) on the quality
of healthcare services.
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R2
ratio is the proportion of variation (change) in quality of healthcare services that can be explained by supply chain
management dimensions (the relationship with suppliers, specifications, standards, delivery, and after-sales service).
Therefore, this ratio (0.25) indicates to the relative contribution supply chain management dimensions in interpreting
the quality of healthcare services. Thus, the alternative hypothesis is confirmed there is a significant impact of supply
chain management dimensions (the relationship with suppliers, specifications, standards, delivery, and after-sales
service) on the quality of healthcare services.
The second main hypothesis: There is no statistically significant differences at the level of significance
(α ≤ 0.05) for supply chain management on the quality of health services due to personal and
functional variables (gender, age, educational level, number of years of experience in the field of
supply).
To test the hypothesis, analysis of variance has been used to statistical differences between supply chain management
dimensions (the relationship with suppliers, specifications, standards, delivery, and after-sales service) and the
quality of health services.
Table 3 shows the results of analysis of variance for differences in supply chain management on the quality of health
services due to Gender
Table 3. Differences between supply chain management and the quality of health services due to gender
Significant
level
T -value
Sum of
squares
Degree of
freedom
Squares average
Sources of
Variation
0.191.69260.221260.22
Between samples
46070.78299154.08Inside the samples
46331.00300Total
As shown in the Table 3, the statistical value of (T) is 1.69 which is not a function at a level of significance (α ≤
0.05). Therefore, there is no significant difference between the supply chain management and the quality of health
services attributed to gender.
Table 4 shows the results of the analysis of variance for differences in supply chain management on the quality of
health services due level of education.
Table 4. Differences in supply chain management on the quality of health services due level of education
Significant
level
T -value
Sum of
squares
Degree of
freedom
Squares average
Sources of
Variation
0.112.06942.453314.15
Between samples
45388.55297152.82Inside the samples
46331.00300Totals
As shown in the Table 4 the statistical value of (T) is 2.06 which is not a function at a level (α ≤ 0.05). Therefore,
there is no significant difference between the supply chain management and the quality of health services due
educational level.
Table 5 shows the results of the analysis of variance for differences between supply chain management and the
quality of health services attributed to Age.
Table 5. Differences between supply chain management and the quality of health services attributed to age
Significant
level
T -value
Sum of
squares
Degree of
freedom
Squares average
Sources of
Variation
0.281.29597.703199.23
Between samples
45733.29297153.98Inside the samples
46331.00300Total
As shown in the Table 5 the statistical value of (T) is 1.29 which is not a function at a level (α ≤ 0.05). Therefore,
there is no significant difference between the supply chain management and the quality of health services due age.
Table 6 shows the results of analysis of variance for differences between supply chain management and the quality
of health services due to experience years.
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Table 6. Differences between supply chain management and the quality of health services due to experience years
Significant
level
T -value
Sum of
squares
Degree of
freedom
Squares average
Sources of
Variation
0.261.33614.803204.93
Between samples
45716.20297153.93Inside the samples
46331.00300Total
As shown in the Table 6 the statistical value of (T) is 1.33 which is not a function at a level (α ≤ 0.05). Therefore,
there is no significant difference between the supply chain management and the quality of health services due to
experience years.
6. Conclusions and Implications
The aim of this study was to measure the effect of supply chain management on the quality of healthcare services in
Jordanian private hospitals sector from the supply chain officers' perspectives. The results showed that there is a
medium relationship between the supply chain management dimensions (the relationship with suppliers,
specifications, standards, delivery, and after-sales service) and the quality of healthcare services. The relative
contribution supply chain management dimensions in interpreting the quality of healthcare services was (0.25). Thus,
the alternative hypothesis is confirmed there is a significant impact of supply chain management dimensions (the
relationship with suppliers, specifications, standards, delivery, and after-sales service) on the quality of healthcare
services. Consequently, there is a significant impact of supply chain management dimensions (the relationship with
suppliers, specifications, standards, delivery, and after-sales service) on the quality of healthcare services.
The results also showed that there are no significant differences between supply chain management dimensions and
the quality of healthcare services due to some demographic factors such as gender, educational qualification, age,
and experience. These results are consistent with recent study in Jordan, The result is consistent with the Jordanian
healthcare environment, as around 33%of the health care provided in Jordan is obtained in the private sector (JMH,
2010), which provides primary, secondary, and tertiary services through a network of private clinics and hospitals,
mostly concentrated in the capital and other urban centers. This includes 58 hospitals with a total of 3642 hospital
beds (33%).
The current study-based on literature- developed a new model which depicts the effect of supply chain management
dimensions on service quality measurement in health care sector. The proposed model can be extended to different
services industries. The study revealed different implications for Jordanian healthcare services which are supported
by other studies conducted in Jordan such as (Abu kharmeh, 2012). It is necessary for hospital managers to recognize
patients’ needs and expectations. Hospital management can take into account the levels of their ages and their future
needs. Hospitals also have to pay attention to select and recruit staffs that are scientifically and practically qualified,
especially in the field of health administration.
The study also enhanced the importance of supply chain management in service sectors and its effect on service
quality. Although a number of studies have attempted to apply principles and frameworks from the manufacturing
sector to the service sector such as (Vandaele and Gemmel, 2007), a significant number of other research has
emphasized the uniqueness of the service supply chain and called for more studies which account for these factors.
In order to improve the quality of care, health specialists should be trained in the field of how to offer care in an
effective and efficient manner. But these specialists always face with difficulties in evaluating their experiences and
this is mostly because of not being aware about the methods of quality measurement. Kazemzadeh et al (2011)
concluded that health care managers' knowledge about service quality factors is a very important element in
continuous quality improvement.
6.1 Recommendations for Practice
Based on the study results, some recommendations can be proposed by the study; Firstly, hospitals need to focus on
supply chain activities in order to improve quality of healthcare services. Secondly, supply chain officers' need to
contribute significantly to increase the quality of health services provided to different beneficiaries. Thirdly, hospital
management should focus on recruiting highly skilled and specialized personnel in the supply chain departments and
subject them to intensive training courses in international quality standards; therefore, they can deal with suppliers in
accordance with specific guidelines.
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Fourthly, there are growing needs to arrange training courses for staff members who work in hospitals on the supply
chain management and the quality healthcare service. Finally, Adopting hospital for SCM mandates a change in
thinking ways as well as practices. It means that SCM needs to define its role, tasks, and begin to employ
value-added activities across the value chain aspects. It can no longer silo itself focusing on downstream,
low-value-added, opportunistic efforts to improve quality of health care services.
6.2 Recommendations for Further Research
The current study investigated the effect of supply chain dimensions on service quality in Jordanian private hospitals.
More specifically, it is limited to private hospitals which are operating in Jordan. Therefore, the study will not
include governmental or military hospitals in Jordan. Moreover, the current study did not consider the qualitative
approach of analysis.
In light of the study limitations, further prospective studies related to the health sector can be conducted
especially comparative studies between public, private and military health service sectors. Moreover, the
proposed model in the study can be extended to include different service sectors. Methodologically, the
future studies can consider the qualitative approach to understand the role of supply chain in quality of
services in health service sector.
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Appendix 1. Internal consistency coefficients for the whole questionnaire and for each dimension of the study
Reliability
Coefficient
Cronbach's
Alpha
Paragraph SequenceDimensions of the variables
85.11, 2, 3, 4, 5Relationship with suppliers
91.06, 7, 8, 9Standards and specifications
92.110, 11, 12Delivery
90.013, 14, 15After Procurement Service
85.116, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23Compatibility
92.024, 25, 26, 27Responsiveness
92.028, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34Trust
91.135, 36, 37, 38, 29, 40Security
0.86Total