This document details about the economic important of crustaceans and fishes, it's relate to Marine Science, Aquatic Biology and other. Take your time and enjoy.

1. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF CRUSTACEA

2. Class Crustacea
Characteristic features
• This is a very diverse class. Its members display much variation in the
tagmata and the appendages.
• There are about 30,000 species of Crustacea. Most are aquatic, the
majority of which are marine. The head is fused with the thorax region
known as the cephalothorax.
• Respiration occurs through gills or general body surface.
• The body is covered by a single large carapace.
• They possess two pairs of antennae and five pairs of appendages.
• They excrete through green glands or antennal glands.
• They have a pair of compound eyes and gonopores.
• Development is indirect. Larval stage is present.
• Crustaceans includes lobsters, crabs, crayfish, shrimp, barnacles,They
are aquatic, terrestrial, or parasitic.

3. Class Crustacea

4. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF CRUSTACEA
Chitosan, a polysaccharide derived from the shells of crustaceans like
shrimp and crabs, has several practical applications due to its unique
properties. Here are some of the common uses of chitosan:
Wound healing and bandages: Chitosan has hemostatic (blood-clotting)
and antimicrobial properties, making it useful in wound dressings and
bandages. It can help control bleeding and prevent infections in wounds.
Drug delivery systems: Chitosan nanoparticles or microspheres can be
used as carriers for drug delivery. They can encapsulate pharmaceutical
compounds and release them slowly over time, improving drug efficacy
and targeting specific sites within the body.
Tissue engineering: Chitosan scaffolds are employed in tissue
engineering to support the growth and regeneration of tissues and organs.
They provide a three-dimensional structure for cells to adhere and
proliferate, aiding in tissue repair and reconstruction.

5. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF CRUSTACEA
er Treatment and Filtration: Chitosan's ability to bind to heavy metals and
er pollutants makes it useful in water treatment processes. It can help
ove impurities, organic compounds, and certain ions from water, improving
quality. Chitosan-based filters and membranes are employed in water
ation systems, wastewater treatment, and purification processes.
d and beverage industry: Chitosan is utilized in the food industry for
ous purposes. It can be used as a natural preservative (antioxidant, and
microbial) agent to extend the shelf life of food products. Chitosan films or
tings can create a barrier on the food surface that preventing spoilage and
ecting against microbial growth. Chitosan can also be employed as a
fying agent in winemaking and beer production.
icultural and horticultural applications: Chitosan-based products is
d in agriculture to enhance plant growth, enhance resistance to stress,
rove crop yield, and protect plants from pests and diseases. It can stimulate
plant's defense mechanisms, act as a biopesticide, and promote nutrient
orption. It also has the potential to replace synthetic chemical fertilizers and
mote sustainable agriculture practices

6. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF CRUSTACEA
ceuticals and Biomedicine: Chitosan has gained significant attention in
maceutical and biomedical industries. It is used in drug delivery systems,
ealing products, tissue engineering scaffolds, and as an antimicrobial
hitosan's biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to enhance drug
on make it a valuable material for these applications.
al Applications: Chitosan has various industrial applications. It is used in
anufacturing as a sizing agent or as a dye fixative. Chitosan-based
can provide protective layers for metals, wood, and other surfaces,
ng corrosion and improving durability. Chitosan's ability to capture certain
s is also valuable in metal recovery processes.
nology and Research: Chitosan is widely used in biotechnology and
. It serves as a substrate for the immobilization of enzymes, which
s their stability and reusability. Chitosan-based materials are utilized in
rs, chromatography, and other analytical techniques. Chitosan
icles have applications in drug delivery, gene therapy, and tissue
ing.

7. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF CRUSTACEA
Cosmetics and Personal Care: Chitosan is used in cosmetics and
personal care products. It can be found in skincare formulations such as
moisturizers, anti-aging creams, and sunscreens due to its hydrating and
film-forming properties. Chitosan is also used in hair care products for its
conditioning and volumizing effects Chitosan's natural origin and beneficial
effects on the skin make it appealing to the cosmetics industry.

8. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF FISH
Fish have numerous commercial applications across various industries.
Here are some of the main commercial applications of fish:
Food Industry: Fish are a valuable source of protein, omega-3 fatty
acids, vitamins, and minerals. The fishing industry supplies fish for human
consumption in various forms, including fresh, frozen, canned, and
processed products such as fish fillets, fish sticks, fish cakes, and fish
oils. Fish are widely consumed worldwide, contributing to global food
security and nutrition.
Aquaculture: Fish farming, or aquaculture, is a significant commercial
application of fish. Various species of fish, such as salmon, tilapia, catfish,
and trout, are bred and raised in controlled environments for food
production. Aquaculture provides a sustainable and efficient method of
fish production, meeting the increasing demand for fish and reducing
pressure on wild fish stocks.

9. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF FISH
Fish Oil and Omega-3 Supplements: Fish oil, derived from fish tissues, is
rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which are beneficial for human health. Omega-3
supplements, including fish oil capsules, are consumed as dietary supplements
for their potential cardiovascular, cognitive, and anti-inflammatory benefits. Fish
oil is also used in the production of animal feed and pet food.
Fish Meal and Fish Oil in Animal Feed: Fish meal, a processed product
made from fish waste and byproducts, is a valuable ingredient in animal feed
formulations. It is high in protein and nutrients and is used in aquaculture,
poultry, livestock, and pet food industries. Fish oil is also incorporated into
animal feed for its nutritional benefits.
Cosmetics and Skincare: Fish-derived substances, such as fish collagen and
fish peptides, are used in the cosmetics and skincare industry. These
ingredients are believed to have moisturizing, anti-aging, and skin-repairing
properties. Fish scales and fish skin extracts are utilized in cosmetic products,
including creams, lotions, masks, and anti-aging treatments.

10. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF FISH
Pharmaceuticals and Biomedical Research: Fish species, such as
zebrafish, have become valuable models in biomedical research. They
are used to study various biological processes, genetics, diseases, and
drug discovery. Some fish species also produce bioactive compounds
with potential pharmaceutical applications.
Ornamental Fish Trade: Colorful and exotic fish species are traded
globally as ornamental fish for aquariums and the pet trade. Popular
species, such as guppies, tetras, angelfish, and goldfish, are bred and
sold to enthusiasts, pet stores, and hobbyists worldwide. The ornamental
fish trade is a significant industry, with associated businesses in
breeding, importing, and supplying fish and aquarium-related products.

11. ZEBRA FISH

12. Ornamental Fish

13. commercial application of fish bones
Fish bones, which are typically considered a byproduct of fish processing, can be utilized
in various commercial applications. Here are some examples:
Fish Bone Meal and Fish Bone Fertilizer: Fish bones can be processed into a fine
powder or meal that is rich in calcium, phosphorus, and other minerals. Fish bone meal
is commonly used as an organic fertilizer in agriculture and horticulture. It provides
essential nutrients to plants and helps improve soil fertility, root development, and overall
plant growth.
Animal Feed and Pet Food: Ground fish bones can be incorporated into animal feed
formulations. They are a source of calcium, phosphorus, and trace minerals, which are
important for the growth and development of animals. Fish bones can be used in poultry
feed, livestock feed, and pet food to enhance nutritional value.
Fish Bone Gelatin: Fish bones can be processed to extract gelatin, which is a protein-
rich substance. Fish bone gelatin has various applications in the food industry, including
as a gelling agent in desserts, confectionery, and dairy products. It can also be used as a
clarifying agent in the production of juices and wines.
Fish Bone Broth and Fish Bone Stock: Fish bones can be simmered to make fish
bone broth or stock. The simmering process extracts minerals, collagen, and flavors from
the bones, resulting in a nutrient-rich and flavorful liquid. Fish bone broth is commonly
used as a base for soups, sauces, and gravies in the culinary industry.

14. commercial application of fish bones
Calcium Supplements and Nutraceuticals: Fish bones are a natural
source of calcium, which is essential for bone health and other physiological
functions. Calcium supplements derived from fish bones can be produced
for human consumption. Fish bone extracts and powders are also used in
the nutraceutical industry to develop products with potential health benefits.
Environmental Applications: Fish bones can be used in environmental
applications, such as water treatment and filtration. They have the ability to
adsorb certain heavy metals and contaminants, making them suitable for
use in wastewater treatment systems, remediation projects, and filtration
processes.
Craft and Artistic Applications: Fish bones, with their unique shapes and
structures, can be used in various artistic and craft applications. Artists and
craftsmen may incorporate fish bones into jewelry, sculptures, decorative
items, and other creative works.