Eco project presentation tony tyler clayton
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•167 views
The document proposes a floating house design made primarily from recycled materials to help homes withstand flooding. It describes using plastic water bottles taped together to provide buoyancy for a cardboard model house. Calculations show each water bottle can support about 1.2 pounds. Testing found the prototype met requirements, holding 45 pounds while being over 75% recycled materials and low cost. The design aims to help flood-prone areas like Egypt on the Nile River.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Eco project presentation
This document proposes a floating house eco-project built from water bottles. It describes how water bottles can provide buoyancy to allow a house represented by a box to float. Calculations show that one water bottle holds about 1.2 pounds of buoyancy, as it contains 16.9 mL of air that can support 1.12 ounces per mL, totaling about 19 ounces of weight. Inventor drawings are included to represent the proposed floating house design.
Arvtech Aero Inc. Services
Arvtech Aero Inc. is an association of engineers with over 100 cumulative years of experience in aerospace and power generation product development. They have been in business for 10 years and work with aerospace and power companies, specializing in turboprops, turbo shafts, turbo fans, and industrial turbines. Their services include mechanical design, analysis, manufacturing, and overall project management.
Oxford for electronics
The document provided no substantive information. It consisted of repeated text stating that the document was created with a novaPDF printer and requesting registration to remove the message. As such, no meaningful summary can be provided.
Ciela norma 2016 eng
CIELA Norma AD is a leading Bulgarian company established in 1991 that provides legal and reference software systems. It has 30 years of history developing information systems and is the largest legal publisher and bookstore chain in Bulgaria. The company owns 15 software products that provide access to Bulgarian and European legislation and legal documents. It has over 25,000 users, including government agencies and the European Commission. CIELA has successfully completed projects for the Bulgarian government, including developing e-government portals and digital systems for legal and commercial records.
Theory of Action
The document discusses theories of action and ecosystem analyses in education. A theory of action articulates the levers needed to achieve a vision for students and roles different organizations can play. An ecosystem analysis examines the current state of educational opportunities and barriers, the community vision, and the educational system. It is important to involve stakeholders like staff, alumni, and partners in the analysis to determine different organizations' roles in pulling levers to achieve the vision. The document provides examples of theories of action that take more direct or holistic approaches to systemic change.
Star chart
This presentation discusses Texas' STaR Chart, which tracks schools' progress in achieving technology goals outlined in the state's Long Range Technology Plan. It provides an overview of the STaR Chart, its importance, and examines the data for Labay school specifically. Labay's data is presented across the four categories - Teaching & Learning, Educator Preparation, Administration & Support, and Infrastructure. The presentation finds that Labay is progressing at the same rate as other Texas schools, and concludes by encouraging educators to continue implementing technology in classrooms to help students become technology fluent.
Eco project presentation
The document proposes a floating house design made primarily from recycled materials like water bottles, duct tape, and string to help houses withstand flooding. The design was tested and found to meet the requirements of holding 45 pounds while being 75% recycled materials and having little to no cost. The design could help address flooding in Egypt along the Nile River where flooding has caused damage.
Recommended
Eco project presentation
This document proposes a floating house eco-project built from water bottles. It describes how water bottles can provide buoyancy to allow a house represented by a box to float. Calculations show that one water bottle holds about 1.2 pounds of buoyancy, as it contains 16.9 mL of air that can support 1.12 ounces per mL, totaling about 19 ounces of weight. Inventor drawings are included to represent the proposed floating house design.
Arvtech Aero Inc. Services
Arvtech Aero Inc. is an association of engineers with over 100 cumulative years of experience in aerospace and power generation product development. They have been in business for 10 years and work with aerospace and power companies, specializing in turboprops, turbo shafts, turbo fans, and industrial turbines. Their services include mechanical design, analysis, manufacturing, and overall project management.
Oxford for electronics
The document provided no substantive information. It consisted of repeated text stating that the document was created with a novaPDF printer and requesting registration to remove the message. As such, no meaningful summary can be provided.
Ciela norma 2016 eng
CIELA Norma AD is a leading Bulgarian company established in 1991 that provides legal and reference software systems. It has 30 years of history developing information systems and is the largest legal publisher and bookstore chain in Bulgaria. The company owns 15 software products that provide access to Bulgarian and European legislation and legal documents. It has over 25,000 users, including government agencies and the European Commission. CIELA has successfully completed projects for the Bulgarian government, including developing e-government portals and digital systems for legal and commercial records.
Theory of Action
The document discusses theories of action and ecosystem analyses in education. A theory of action articulates the levers needed to achieve a vision for students and roles different organizations can play. An ecosystem analysis examines the current state of educational opportunities and barriers, the community vision, and the educational system. It is important to involve stakeholders like staff, alumni, and partners in the analysis to determine different organizations' roles in pulling levers to achieve the vision. The document provides examples of theories of action that take more direct or holistic approaches to systemic change.
Star chart
This presentation discusses Texas' STaR Chart, which tracks schools' progress in achieving technology goals outlined in the state's Long Range Technology Plan. It provides an overview of the STaR Chart, its importance, and examines the data for Labay school specifically. Labay's data is presented across the four categories - Teaching & Learning, Educator Preparation, Administration & Support, and Infrastructure. The presentation finds that Labay is progressing at the same rate as other Texas schools, and concludes by encouraging educators to continue implementing technology in classrooms to help students become technology fluent.
Eco project presentation
The document proposes a floating house design made primarily from recycled materials like water bottles, duct tape, and string to help houses withstand flooding. The design was tested and found to meet the requirements of holding 45 pounds while being 75% recycled materials and having little to no cost. The design could help address flooding in Egypt along the Nile River where flooding has caused damage.
Evaluation Question 1
The document summarizes how a student's media studies coursework thriller used conventions of real thriller films. It used psychological factors to mislead viewers, included a plot twist where the target of assassination was actually the filmmaker. Tension and suspense were built through quick edits, obscured faces, and loud music. The student was directly inspired by the film "Hitman" in the stance of the assassin and use of fade ins/outs in the title sequence. The thriller challenged conventions by portraying a powerful female character who takes control at the end by pointing a gun at the assassin.
Reflexion modulo 2
Este documento es una reflexión de Luis Alberto Pérez Serna sobre el Módulo II del curso. Resume que no tenía conocimiento previo sobre la herramienta bubbl.us para crear mapas conceptuales en línea, pero aprendió a usarla a través del curso. Planea incluir los mapas conceptuales creados en bubbl.us en un portafolio electrónico para usarlos en su trabajo docente, a pesar de que su escuela aún no tiene internet. Reflexiona sobre su participación en el foro del curso y aspectos que podría mejorar.
Power point
Kyle Brunsting is an elementary education and physical education major from West Sioux High School in Iowa. He enjoys coaching and sports activities like basketball, baseball, football, golfing, and weight lifting. His goals are to have a career coaching three sports while living in the Arlington, Texas area. In 10 years, he envisions having a family and working as a hitting coach or manager for the Texas Rangers baseball team.
Borrador.valores éticos-eso
Este documento presenta la programación de la asignatura de Valores Éticos para el curso 2015-2016 en el IES Villablanca. Describe los objetivos generales de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y los objetivos específicos del área de Valores Éticos. Además, explica cómo la asignatura contribuye al desarrollo de las competencias clave y cómo se estructura el currículo en torno a tres ejes: el desarrollo de la personalidad, la autonomía del estudiante y la construcción de una sociedad justa basada
Armando Camacho Orduno
The document contains biographical information and photographs of Armando Camacho Orduno from his birth in 1956 in Cananea, Sonora, Mexico through his time growing up, attending school, and working as a teacher. It details his family and education experiences, showing photographs at various ages with family members and at school events like graduations, parties, and parades through the 1960s and 1970s in Cananea. The photographs provide a visual timeline of Armando's childhood and early career in education in Mexico.
Armandocamachopps1956
The document contains biographical information and photographs of Armando Camacho Orduno from childhood to adulthood. It details events from his birth and early years in Cananea, Sonora, Mexico including family photos, birthdays, schooling, and trips taken within Mexico. The photos chronicle his education at American schools in Cananea and his early career as a teacher at one of the schools before pursuing further education and career opportunities.
DOG CANYON NM CENTENNIAL JAMBOREE 2012
OVER 100 PICTURES OF THE DOG CANYON NM CENTENNIAL JAMBOREE 2012 AT ALAMOGORDO, NM PICTURE COURTESY OF TOM & BEA SMITH.
World's Worst Objectives
How to turn bad objectives into SMART objectives that can boost your own and your team's performance. Nancy Slessenger shows you how to change some shockingly stupid objectives into phrases that actually give you a direction to work towards.
Proposal for english week
This proposal outlines a week of English-themed activities for 7th, 8th, and 9th grade students to educate and entertain them. The activities include spelling bees, word scrambles, sentence capitalization games, guessing games using parts of speech, and charades using vocabulary words. Students will be divided into boys and girls teams, earning points daily with the winning team decided at week's end. Goals are to improve English understanding, speaking, and interpretation through fun competition. Materials like paper, balloons, tables, and prizes will be used.
Recycle
The document discusses recycling statistics and tips. It notes that 75% of waste is recyclable but only 1% is actually recycled. It provides examples of how much paper and plastic is wasted every hour in the US. The document encourages recycling and provides ways to recycle common items like plastic bottles, bags, and cardboard. It concludes that if everyone started recycling, it could save significant amounts of landfill space, trees, water, oil and energy each year.
Phil de nigris
This experiment investigated the stoichiometry of automobile airbags by using a Ziploc bag to simulate an airbag. Hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate were reacted to produce carbon dioxide and water, which would inflate the bag. The volume of the Ziploc bag was determined to be 1.289 L. It was then hypothesized that reacting 5.754 g of calcium carbonate and 0.0192 L of hydrochloric acid would produce enough carbon dioxide to fully inflate the bag without bursting it, and this hypothesis was confirmed in the experiment.
50things presentation
This document provides elementary school children with simple actions they can take to help the environment. It discusses various ways kids can reduce waste and pollution, including recycling glass, aluminum, and other materials; avoiding single-use plastics; conserving water and energy; and engaging in activities like gardening, planting trees, and reducing litter. The document emphasizes that small individual actions, when taken together, can make a significant difference in protecting the planet.
Water in sweden
Water is essential for life and makes up about 65% of a human's body weight. Throughout history, humans have harnessed water through innovations like irrigation dating back to 5000 BC. Archaeologists have found ancient water-flushed toilets from 2750 BC. Sweden has an abundance of water resources, with nearly 100,000 lakes accounting for 9% of the country's area. However, over 1.1 billion people worldwide are considered "water stressed" without reliable access. Educating youth on water conservation through hands-on experiments can help change wasteful attitudes.
Biodegradable Materials, Water Ball IDM10
This document summarizes experiments conducted by students on biodegradable materials. It includes 4 activities: 1) comparing packing materials to see how biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials degrade, 2) identifying biodegradable objects, 3) processing biodegradable materials and comparing mechanical properties, and 4) measuring degradation rates of materials. It also describes a design project to create a medicine release capsule and a proposed product - water balls that could replace plastic water bottles. The document highlights issues with plastic waste and how water balls could provide an edible, biodegradable alternative.
Ways We Help The Environment
The document outlines various environmental initiatives undertaken by a school and community over several years, including recycling over 22,000 batteries in 6 years, creating door handles to remind students to conserve energy, holding an annual water summit, and hosting a Christmas ornament contest to promote recycling. It also discusses planting a new tree, an oil spill into a local creek, and students finding motor oil and antifreeze by the creek.
Creation Versus Evolution Essay.pdf
Stupendous Creation Vs Evolution Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Creationism Vs Evolution Essay Examples Kibin. Creation Vs Evolution Essay – Telegraph. Evolution vs Creation. Evolution Vs Creation. Creation vs Evolution. Evolution vs. Creation essay. Creation is a belief followed by many .... Creationism/Evolution essay - GCSE Science - Marked by Teachers.com. Creation vs. Evolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays .... Inherit the Wind - Creationism vs. Evolution - GCSE English - Marked by .... 022 Creation Vs Evolution Essay Example Weekly Behavior Report Template .... Creation vs evolution research paper | Research paper, Reference format .... Creationism vs. Evolution - PHDessay.com. Creation vs Evolution, essay by the Hillbilly Gardener. (PDF) Creation and Evolution. Creation Versus Evolution Essay – Telegraph. Essay About Creationism Vs. Evolution. The Theory of Creation Vs. Evolution. - GCSE Religious Studies .... Evolution vs creationism essay outline. Creation or Evolution: Free Compare-Contrast Essay Sample. Creation vs. Evolution Persuasive Essay - Pros & Cons Example. Evolution vs genesis essays. Creationism vs. Evolution, my reading and views. - GCSE English .... Creation vs Evolution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written .... Creation Versus Evolution Essay | PDF Creation Versus Evolution Essay
Fribourg PICC talk19 nov 2019
1) Plastics production and use has grown exponentially since the 1960s from virtually nothing to over 100 million tonnes annually produced globally in 2019.
2) The ease of processing plastics led to widespread use but also global plastic pollution problems on land, in the sea, and air.
3) While science, innovation, and commercialization led to new plastic technologies and global scale-up of production, unintended environmental consequences were not fully appreciated for decades.
4) Improving plastic recovery and recycling technology alongside reducing plastic incineration will be needed to control global plastic pollution problems.
Gargasz - Recycling
Recycling is the process of changing waste materials into new products. If more people recycled, it could save significant resources and energy. The document provides examples of how recycling just one aluminum can or plastic bottle can power lights or electronics for hours. It also notes that recycling helps reduce pollution of water sources. The author pledges to spread awareness about recycling through catchy songs, brochures, and school presentations in order to encourage others to recycle and help the environment.
Green Project - CSS
The Compassionate Service Society is presenting the Green Project to promote reusable wares and more sustainable practices. The document discusses several environmental issues caused by waste, including overflowing landfills, plastic pollution in oceans, and the greenhouse effect. It notes that producing single-use items like styrofoam and plastic uses large amounts of resources. The project promotes adopting reusable wares and the "4R" habits of reuse, recycle, restore, and renew to help reduce waste. Images show the harmful impacts of littering, pollution and climate change on wildlife and landscapes to emphasize the importance of more sustainable behaviors.
More Related Content
Viewers also liked
Evaluation Question 1
The document summarizes how a student's media studies coursework thriller used conventions of real thriller films. It used psychological factors to mislead viewers, included a plot twist where the target of assassination was actually the filmmaker. Tension and suspense were built through quick edits, obscured faces, and loud music. The student was directly inspired by the film "Hitman" in the stance of the assassin and use of fade ins/outs in the title sequence. The thriller challenged conventions by portraying a powerful female character who takes control at the end by pointing a gun at the assassin.
Reflexion modulo 2
Este documento es una reflexión de Luis Alberto Pérez Serna sobre el Módulo II del curso. Resume que no tenía conocimiento previo sobre la herramienta bubbl.us para crear mapas conceptuales en línea, pero aprendió a usarla a través del curso. Planea incluir los mapas conceptuales creados en bubbl.us en un portafolio electrónico para usarlos en su trabajo docente, a pesar de que su escuela aún no tiene internet. Reflexiona sobre su participación en el foro del curso y aspectos que podría mejorar.
Power point
Kyle Brunsting is an elementary education and physical education major from West Sioux High School in Iowa. He enjoys coaching and sports activities like basketball, baseball, football, golfing, and weight lifting. His goals are to have a career coaching three sports while living in the Arlington, Texas area. In 10 years, he envisions having a family and working as a hitting coach or manager for the Texas Rangers baseball team.
Borrador.valores éticos-eso
Este documento presenta la programación de la asignatura de Valores Éticos para el curso 2015-2016 en el IES Villablanca. Describe los objetivos generales de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y los objetivos específicos del área de Valores Éticos. Además, explica cómo la asignatura contribuye al desarrollo de las competencias clave y cómo se estructura el currículo en torno a tres ejes: el desarrollo de la personalidad, la autonomía del estudiante y la construcción de una sociedad justa basada
Armando Camacho Orduno
The document contains biographical information and photographs of Armando Camacho Orduno from his birth in 1956 in Cananea, Sonora, Mexico through his time growing up, attending school, and working as a teacher. It details his family and education experiences, showing photographs at various ages with family members and at school events like graduations, parties, and parades through the 1960s and 1970s in Cananea. The photographs provide a visual timeline of Armando's childhood and early career in education in Mexico.
Armandocamachopps1956
The document contains biographical information and photographs of Armando Camacho Orduno from childhood to adulthood. It details events from his birth and early years in Cananea, Sonora, Mexico including family photos, birthdays, schooling, and trips taken within Mexico. The photos chronicle his education at American schools in Cananea and his early career as a teacher at one of the schools before pursuing further education and career opportunities.
DOG CANYON NM CENTENNIAL JAMBOREE 2012
OVER 100 PICTURES OF THE DOG CANYON NM CENTENNIAL JAMBOREE 2012 AT ALAMOGORDO, NM PICTURE COURTESY OF TOM & BEA SMITH.
World's Worst Objectives
How to turn bad objectives into SMART objectives that can boost your own and your team's performance. Nancy Slessenger shows you how to change some shockingly stupid objectives into phrases that actually give you a direction to work towards.
Proposal for english week
This proposal outlines a week of English-themed activities for 7th, 8th, and 9th grade students to educate and entertain them. The activities include spelling bees, word scrambles, sentence capitalization games, guessing games using parts of speech, and charades using vocabulary words. Students will be divided into boys and girls teams, earning points daily with the winning team decided at week's end. Goals are to improve English understanding, speaking, and interpretation through fun competition. Materials like paper, balloons, tables, and prizes will be used.
Viewers also liked (11)
Similar to Eco project presentation tony tyler clayton
Recycle
The document discusses recycling statistics and tips. It notes that 75% of waste is recyclable but only 1% is actually recycled. It provides examples of how much paper and plastic is wasted every hour in the US. The document encourages recycling and provides ways to recycle common items like plastic bottles, bags, and cardboard. It concludes that if everyone started recycling, it could save significant amounts of landfill space, trees, water, oil and energy each year.
Phil de nigris
This experiment investigated the stoichiometry of automobile airbags by using a Ziploc bag to simulate an airbag. Hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate were reacted to produce carbon dioxide and water, which would inflate the bag. The volume of the Ziploc bag was determined to be 1.289 L. It was then hypothesized that reacting 5.754 g of calcium carbonate and 0.0192 L of hydrochloric acid would produce enough carbon dioxide to fully inflate the bag without bursting it, and this hypothesis was confirmed in the experiment.
50things presentation
This document provides elementary school children with simple actions they can take to help the environment. It discusses various ways kids can reduce waste and pollution, including recycling glass, aluminum, and other materials; avoiding single-use plastics; conserving water and energy; and engaging in activities like gardening, planting trees, and reducing litter. The document emphasizes that small individual actions, when taken together, can make a significant difference in protecting the planet.
Water in sweden
Water is essential for life and makes up about 65% of a human's body weight. Throughout history, humans have harnessed water through innovations like irrigation dating back to 5000 BC. Archaeologists have found ancient water-flushed toilets from 2750 BC. Sweden has an abundance of water resources, with nearly 100,000 lakes accounting for 9% of the country's area. However, over 1.1 billion people worldwide are considered "water stressed" without reliable access. Educating youth on water conservation through hands-on experiments can help change wasteful attitudes.
Biodegradable Materials, Water Ball IDM10
This document summarizes experiments conducted by students on biodegradable materials. It includes 4 activities: 1) comparing packing materials to see how biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials degrade, 2) identifying biodegradable objects, 3) processing biodegradable materials and comparing mechanical properties, and 4) measuring degradation rates of materials. It also describes a design project to create a medicine release capsule and a proposed product - water balls that could replace plastic water bottles. The document highlights issues with plastic waste and how water balls could provide an edible, biodegradable alternative.
Ways We Help The Environment
The document outlines various environmental initiatives undertaken by a school and community over several years, including recycling over 22,000 batteries in 6 years, creating door handles to remind students to conserve energy, holding an annual water summit, and hosting a Christmas ornament contest to promote recycling. It also discusses planting a new tree, an oil spill into a local creek, and students finding motor oil and antifreeze by the creek.
Creation Versus Evolution Essay.pdf
Stupendous Creation Vs Evolution Essay ~ Thatsnotus. Creationism Vs Evolution Essay Examples Kibin. Creation Vs Evolution Essay – Telegraph. Evolution vs Creation. Evolution Vs Creation. Creation vs Evolution. Evolution vs. Creation essay. Creation is a belief followed by many .... Creationism/Evolution essay - GCSE Science - Marked by Teachers.com. Creation vs. Evolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays .... Inherit the Wind - Creationism vs. Evolution - GCSE English - Marked by .... 022 Creation Vs Evolution Essay Example Weekly Behavior Report Template .... Creation vs evolution research paper | Research paper, Reference format .... Creationism vs. Evolution - PHDessay.com. Creation vs Evolution, essay by the Hillbilly Gardener. (PDF) Creation and Evolution. Creation Versus Evolution Essay – Telegraph. Essay About Creationism Vs. Evolution. The Theory of Creation Vs. Evolution. - GCSE Religious Studies .... Evolution vs creationism essay outline. Creation or Evolution: Free Compare-Contrast Essay Sample. Creation vs. Evolution Persuasive Essay - Pros & Cons Example. Evolution vs genesis essays. Creationism vs. Evolution, my reading and views. - GCSE English .... Creation vs Evolution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written .... Creation Versus Evolution Essay | PDF Creation Versus Evolution Essay
Fribourg PICC talk19 nov 2019
1) Plastics production and use has grown exponentially since the 1960s from virtually nothing to over 100 million tonnes annually produced globally in 2019.
2) The ease of processing plastics led to widespread use but also global plastic pollution problems on land, in the sea, and air.
3) While science, innovation, and commercialization led to new plastic technologies and global scale-up of production, unintended environmental consequences were not fully appreciated for decades.
4) Improving plastic recovery and recycling technology alongside reducing plastic incineration will be needed to control global plastic pollution problems.
Gargasz - Recycling
Recycling is the process of changing waste materials into new products. If more people recycled, it could save significant resources and energy. The document provides examples of how recycling just one aluminum can or plastic bottle can power lights or electronics for hours. It also notes that recycling helps reduce pollution of water sources. The author pledges to spread awareness about recycling through catchy songs, brochures, and school presentations in order to encourage others to recycle and help the environment.
Green Project - CSS
The Compassionate Service Society is presenting the Green Project to promote reusable wares and more sustainable practices. The document discusses several environmental issues caused by waste, including overflowing landfills, plastic pollution in oceans, and the greenhouse effect. It notes that producing single-use items like styrofoam and plastic uses large amounts of resources. The project promotes adopting reusable wares and the "4R" habits of reuse, recycle, restore, and renew to help reduce waste. Images show the harmful impacts of littering, pollution and climate change on wildlife and landscapes to emphasize the importance of more sustainable behaviors.
Similar to Eco project presentation tony tyler clayton (10)
Eco project presentation tony tyler clayton
- 1. Floating House Eco-Project By: Tyler Murphy, Clayton Cox and Tony Sorrentino
- 2. Problem Develop a new way to help keep houses afloat in flood conditions. Must be made from recycled materials.
- 3. Approach Water bottles to provide buoyancy Duct tape and string to hold the water bottles together
- 4. Constraints Must be able to hold 45 lbs securely afloat Made from 75% recycled materials Have little or no cost to build
- 5. Location Egypt The Nile runs through it Has experienced a lot of flooding
- 6. Materials 1 Cardboard box 67 Water bottles Duct Tape String Garbage bag
- 7. Construction House Represented by the box Water bottles provide the ability for the house to float How much can one water bottle hold? House
- 8. Calculations Found out that 1 water bottle holds about 16.9 mL of air. We then found 1 mL of air supports up to about 32 grams of weight, or 1.12 ounces. 1.12 oz x 16.9= 18.928 or about 19 ounces or 1.2 lbs So 1 water bottle holds about 1.2 lbs
- 13. Testing
- 14. Testing
- 15. Results After testing our prototype, we found that our design did meet our requirements. Held our 45 lb objective, at a 1/100 scale showing the actual model will hold about 4500 lbs. Made from a 75% recycled materials Almost no cost
- 16. Bibliography Associated, P. (2010, December 31). Egypt floods sweep bus with school girls, 15 drown. The Seattle Times, p. 8. Bracken, A. (2005, October 24). Seeing American disaster from the third world. Retrieved from http://www.worldpress.org/americas/2167.cfm