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Ecuación de la Recta Tangente de las ecuaciones paramétricas
Para calcular la ecuación de la recta tangente, dadas las ecuaciones paramétricas y un parámetro
𝑡, se obtiene mediante la ecuación de la recta:
𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1)
Ejemplo: Si tenemos las ecuaciones paramétricas y el parámetro 𝑡:
𝑥 = 2𝑡2
+ 𝑡 𝑦 = 𝑡4
𝑡 = −1
Para calcular 𝑥1 y 𝑦1 hay que sustituir el valor del parámetro 𝑡 en las ecuaciones:
𝑥(𝑡) = 2(−1)2
+ (−1) 𝑦(𝑡) = (−1)4
Evaluamos en cada ecuación:
𝑥(𝑡) = 2(1) − 1 𝑦(𝑡) = 1
𝑥(𝑡) = 2 − 1 = 1 𝑦(𝑡) = 1
Donde
𝑥1 = 𝑥(𝑡), 𝑦1 = 𝑦(𝑡)
𝑥1 = 1, 𝑦1 = 1
Valores que corresponden a las coordenadas de un punto en el plano cartesiano:
(𝑥1, 𝑦1) = (1, 1)
Que se sustituyen en la ecuación de la recta:
𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1)
𝑦 − 1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 1)
Para calcular 𝑚 que es la pendiente, debemos derivar a las ecuaciones paramétricas y evaluar en
el punto (1, 1):
𝑥 = 2𝑡2
+ 𝑡 𝑦 = 𝑡4
Fórmula para calcular la derivada que es
igual a la pendiente 𝑚
Derivada de las ecuaciones paramétricas
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
=
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑡
𝑚 =
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
=
𝑑
𝑑𝑡
(𝑡4)
𝑑
𝑑𝑡
(2𝑡2 + 𝑡)
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
=
4𝑡3
4𝑡 + 1
Sustituimos el valor de parámetro 𝑡 en
𝑦′(𝑡) =
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑦′(𝑡) =
4(−1)3
4(−1) + 1
𝑦′(𝑡) =
4(−1)
−4 + 1
=
−4
−3
Por lo tanto la pendiente 𝑚 es la derivada:
𝑚 = 𝑦′(𝑡) =
4
3
Sustituyendo los valores (𝑥1, 𝑦1) = (1, 1) y de 𝑚 =
4
3
en la ecuación de la recta:
𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1)
𝑦 − 1 =
4
3
(𝑥 − 1)
𝑦 =
4
3
(𝑥 − 1) + 1
𝑦 =
4𝑥
3
−
4
3
+ 1
𝑦 =
4𝑥
3
−
1
3
La ecuación de la recta tangente en el punto es:
𝑦 =
4
3
𝑥 −
1
3

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Ec. recta tangente

  • 1. Ecuación de la Recta Tangente de las ecuaciones paramétricas Para calcular la ecuación de la recta tangente, dadas las ecuaciones paramétricas y un parámetro 𝑡, se obtiene mediante la ecuación de la recta: 𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1) Ejemplo: Si tenemos las ecuaciones paramétricas y el parámetro 𝑡: 𝑥 = 2𝑡2 + 𝑡 𝑦 = 𝑡4 𝑡 = −1 Para calcular 𝑥1 y 𝑦1 hay que sustituir el valor del parámetro 𝑡 en las ecuaciones: 𝑥(𝑡) = 2(−1)2 + (−1) 𝑦(𝑡) = (−1)4 Evaluamos en cada ecuación: 𝑥(𝑡) = 2(1) − 1 𝑦(𝑡) = 1 𝑥(𝑡) = 2 − 1 = 1 𝑦(𝑡) = 1 Donde 𝑥1 = 𝑥(𝑡), 𝑦1 = 𝑦(𝑡) 𝑥1 = 1, 𝑦1 = 1 Valores que corresponden a las coordenadas de un punto en el plano cartesiano: (𝑥1, 𝑦1) = (1, 1) Que se sustituyen en la ecuación de la recta: 𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1) 𝑦 − 1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 1)
  • 2. Para calcular 𝑚 que es la pendiente, debemos derivar a las ecuaciones paramétricas y evaluar en el punto (1, 1): 𝑥 = 2𝑡2 + 𝑡 𝑦 = 𝑡4 Fórmula para calcular la derivada que es igual a la pendiente 𝑚 Derivada de las ecuaciones paramétricas 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡 𝑚 = 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑 𝑑𝑡 (𝑡4) 𝑑 𝑑𝑡 (2𝑡2 + 𝑡) 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = 4𝑡3 4𝑡 + 1 Sustituimos el valor de parámetro 𝑡 en 𝑦′(𝑡) = 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑦′(𝑡) = 4(−1)3 4(−1) + 1 𝑦′(𝑡) = 4(−1) −4 + 1 = −4 −3 Por lo tanto la pendiente 𝑚 es la derivada: 𝑚 = 𝑦′(𝑡) = 4 3 Sustituyendo los valores (𝑥1, 𝑦1) = (1, 1) y de 𝑚 = 4 3 en la ecuación de la recta: 𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1) 𝑦 − 1 = 4 3 (𝑥 − 1) 𝑦 = 4 3 (𝑥 − 1) + 1 𝑦 = 4𝑥 3 − 4 3 + 1 𝑦 = 4𝑥 3 − 1 3 La ecuación de la recta tangente en el punto es: 𝑦 = 4 3 𝑥 − 1 3