Ebola virus disease (formerly known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever) is a disease caused by the Ebola virus having severe- fatality rate 90% affecting human and non-human primates.

1. Ebola
The Deadly
African Virus

2. Definition
Ebola virus disease (formerly known as Ebola
hemorrhagic fever) is:
 A disease caused by the Ebola virus
 Is severe- fatality rate 90%
 Affects human and non human primates

3. Types
• Zaire Virus
• Sudan Ebolavirus
• Reston Ebolavirus
• Côte d'Ivoire Ebolavirus
• Bundibugyo Ebolavirus

4. Sudan
(SUDV)
Ebola Taxonomy
Group : Group V (-)sense
RNA
Order : Mononegavirales
Family : Filoviridae
Genus : Ebolavirus
Bundibugy
o
(BDBV)
Tai forest
(TAFV)
Formerly
Cote d-
Ivoire
Specie
s
Zaire ebola
(EBOV)
The most
dangerous
Reston
(RESTV)
Non-
humans

5. History of Ebola virus
• Ebola first appeared in 1976 in two simultaneous
outbreaks.
- Near the Ebola River in the Democratic
Republic of Congo
- A remote area of Sudan.

8. CS250586A
You can’t get E bola through air
Facts about
Ebola
You can’t get E bola
through water
You can’t get Ebola
through food
You can only get Ebola from:
Touching the blood or body fluids of a person who is sick with or has died from
Ebola.
Touching contaminated objects, like needles.
Touching infected animals, their blood or other body luids, or their meat.
Ebola poses no signiicant risk to the United States.

9. EHF & EVD
EHF ( Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ) :
Internal and External Bleeding occurs
Genital swelling
Increased feeling of pain in the skin
Rash over the entire body that often contains blood
Roof of mouth looks red
EVD ( Ebola Virus Disease) :
Bleeding dose not occur

10. Ebola hemorrhagic fever
Target Organs and Damage Methods
 Target mainly small capillary vessels. Attach to
walls, cause leakage of blood and serum into
surrounding tissue.
 When white blood cells attack the virus, they
dissolve – this releases a chemical into the blood
stream that signals the release of other chemicals
(pro-inflammatory cytokines, pro-coagulants, and
anticoagulants)
 These injure blood vessels even worse, resulting in
permanent bleeding. Eventually, the entire body is
leaking and dissolving

11. Signs and Symptoms
Early symptoms :
Influenza (fatigue, fever, headache, joint & abdominal pain)
Vomiting, diarrhea
Loss of appetite
Sore throat, chest pain, hiccups, shortness of breath, trouble
swallowing
Weakness
Maculopular rash(50% cases)
Myalgia(muscular pain or tenderness),back pain
Mucosal redness of the oral cavity

12. Acute symptoms :
Bleeding from puncture sites and mucous
membrane(eg. nose, gums and gastrointestinal tract)
Internal and subcutaneous bleeding
anuria(absence of urine formation)
reddening of eyes, bloody vomit
Impaired blood clotting
Multiple organ dysfunction
syndrome which leads to death
Signs and Symptoms

14. Treatment
 No specific vaccine or medicine (e.g., antiviral drug)
has been proven to be effective against Ebola.
 Symptoms of Ebola are treated as they appear.
 The following basic interventions, when used early,
can significantly improve the chances of survival:
1-Providing intravenous fluids (IV)and balancing
electrolytes (body salts)
2-Maintaining oxygen status and blood pressure
3-Treating other infections if they occur

15. Prevention
 There is no FDA-approved vaccine available for Ebola.
 If you travel to or are in an area affected by an Ebola outbreak, make sure
to do the following:
1-Practice careful hygiene. Avoid contact with blood and body fluids.
2-Do not handle items that may have come in contact with an infected
person’s blood or body fluids.
3-Avoid funeral or burial rituals that require handling the body of someone
who has died from Ebola.
4-Avoid contact with bats and nonhuman primates or blood, fluids, and raw
meat prepared from these animals.
5-Avoid hospitals where Ebola patients are being treated. The U.S.
embassy or consulate is often able to provide advice on facilities.
6-After you return, monitor your health for 21 days and seek medical care
immediately if you develop symptoms of Ebola

16. Thanks for your patience