The document discusses the Earth's rotation and revolution in space. It explains that the Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours, causing day and night, and revolves around the Sun once every 365.25 days, creating the seasons. The tilt of the Earth's axis combined with its revolution is what causes the seasons in both the northern and southern hemispheres.

2. The Earth moves in two different ways in space.
The Earth rotates and revolves.
地球在空间的运动方式有两种。自转和公转。
Earth’s Movement 地球的运动
Revolution(orbit)
365.25 days
Rotation (spin)
24 hours

3. There is an imaginary line
through the center of the Earth
called the axis.
Earth’s Rotation
The axis extends from north
to south.
The axis is at a tilt of
23.5 degrees.

4. Earth’s Rotation 地球的自转
It takes the Earth 24 hours, or 1 day, to complete one rotation on its axis.
When the side of the Earth that is facing the Sun is experiencing daytime, the
side of the Earth that is facing away from the Sun is experiencing night-time.

5. The Sun 太阳
The Sun does not rotate or revolve. 太阳既不自转也不公转。
The Earth’s rotation makes the Sun appear to move in the sky,
but the Earth is actually rotating.
地球的自转让我们看到太阳在天空中的运动，但实际上是地球自转造成的。
The Sun rises
in the east.
太阳从东方
升起。
The Sun sets
in the west.
太阳从西方
下落。

6. Give It a Try 试一试
You will need:
•A flashlight, lamp or
window
•A globe
你需要准备：
•一个手电筒，
一盏灯
或窗户
•一个
地球
仪
1. Hold the globe next to the light source.
将地球仪放置在光源的旁边。
2. Find where you live on the globe.
在地球仪上找到你生活的地方。
3. Turn on the lights.
打开灯光。
4. Point to where the axis is on the Earth
(remember the Earth is tilted on its axis).
将灯光指向地球仪上轴所在的位置
（记住地球沿轴向倾斜）。
5. Rotate the Earth counter clockwise to
model day and night.
将地球仪沿逆时针方向转动模拟白天和黑夜。

7. The Earth revolves around the Sun.
地球围绕太阳公转。
Earth’s Revolution 地球的公转
This takes approximately 365 days,
or 1 year.
地球公转一周大约是365天，或一年。
The path the Earth takes around
the sun is called Earth’s ‘orbit’.
地球围绕太阳公转的路径称为“地
球轨道”。
The Earth’s orbit is in an elliptical
shape.
地球轨道是椭圆形的。

8. Seasons in the Northern Hemisphere
北半球的季节
The seasons are created through the combination of the Earth’s revolution
and the tilt of the axis.
地球的公转和地轴的倾斜共同作用，产生了季节。
Autumn 秋天
Spring 春天
Spring 春天
Autumn 秋天
Winter 冬天
Summer 夏天
Summer 夏天
Winter 冬天
When the
northern
hemisphere of
the Earth is
tilted away
from the Sun,
people in
the these
regions are
experiencing
winter.
当地球的北半球
倾斜远离太阳时，
当地的人们正在
经历冬天。
When the
northern
hemisphere of
the Earth is
tilted toward
the Sun, people
in these regions
are experiencing
summer.
当地球的北半球
的倾斜接近于太
阳时，当地的人
们正在经历夏天。

9. Seasons in the Southern Hemisphere
南半球的季节
The seasons are created through the combination of the Earth’s revolution and
the tilt of the axis.
地球的公转和倾斜的轨道共同作用，产生了季节。
When the
southern
hemisphere of
the Earth is
tilted away
from the Sun,
people in
the these
regions are
experiencing
winter.
当地球的南半球
倾斜远离太阳时，
当地的人们正在
经历冬天。
When the
southern
hemisphere of
the Earth is
tilted toward
the Sun, people
in these regions
are experiencing
summer.
当地球的南半球
的倾斜接近于太
阳时，当地的人
们正在经历夏天。
Autumn 秋天
Spring 春天
Spring 春天
Autumn 秋天
Winter 冬天
Summer 夏天
Summer 夏天
Winter 冬天

10. Can You Revolve? 你会公转么？
You will need 你需要准备:
•A partner 一个搭档
•A little space to move
可以移动的空间
1. Have one friend represent the Earth,
and the other friend represent the Sun.
一个朋友演地球，另一个朋友演太阳。
2. The ‘Sun’ will stand still, while the
‘Earth’ revolves around the sun.
演太阳的朋友站住不动，演地球的朋友
围绕着“太阳”公转。
3. Switch roles with your partner and
try it again.
和你的搭档互换角色然后再试一次。

11. Do You Know the Difference?
你知道区别么？
Explain to your partner how rotation and revolution are different.
Try to use as many of these key words as possible:
对你的搭档解释自转和公转的区别。尝试尽可能多的使用下面的关键词：
axis
轴
spin
旋转
orbit
轨道
seasons
季节
tilt
倾斜
year
年
day
白天
night
夜晚