A tsunami is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, often from earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides or other disturbances below or above water. Tsunami waves have a very long wavelength and can cause enormous destruction in coastal areas, with wave heights over tens of metres. The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was one of the deadliest natural disasters, killing over 290,000 people across 14 countries.
This document provides information about tsunamis through several examples of destructive tsunamis throughout history. It discusses what causes tsunamis, how they propagate and grow in shallow water, and their devastating effects on coastlines. Specific tsunamis summarized include the 1929 Grand Banks tsunami that killed 29 in Newfoundland, the 1946 Aleutian tsunami that caused over $165 million in damage and deaths in Hawaii, and the 1996 Peru tsunami that struck cities along 590 km of coastline.
A disaster is defined as a sudden event that severely disrupts a community's ability to function. Disasters can be caused by natural hazards like earthquakes, floods, hurricanes or drought. Natural disasters are classified as geophysical, hydrological, climatological, meteorological or biological based on their cause. Some key natural hazards covered are earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, avalanches, floods, extreme temperatures, drought, tropical storms and wildfires. Each hazard is described in terms of its causes, impacts and warning times. Mitigating and preparing for these various natural disasters poses challenges for emergency response.
The document discusses tsunamis, their causes, effects, and history. Tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, or meteor impacts displacing large volumes of water. They have struck coastlines throughout history, including the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami that killed over 118,000 people across several countries. Early warning systems and evacuation to higher ground can help reduce loss of life from future tsunamis.
What is earthquakes? What is the Elastic Rebound Theory?
Seismographs record earthquake events. Where Do Earthquakes Occur and How Often? What are the Destructive Effects of Earthquakes? How are the Size and Strength of an Earthquake Measured? Can Earthquakes be Predicted? Can Earthquakes be Controlled?
Tsunamis are caused by large displacements of water, usually in oceans, that can be triggered by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides or meteorite impacts. While tsunamis have extremely long wavelengths and periods in deep ocean waters, they can travel very fast at over 600 mph. When they reach shallow coastal waters, their energy causes the sea level to rise dramatically and flood inland areas. Proper planning, awareness of warning signs and evacuation routes can help minimize damage and save lives during a tsunami.
1. A massive 9.3 magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia on December 26, 2004, triggering a devastating tsunami across the Indian Ocean.
2. The tsunami waves reached heights of over 30 meters in some areas of Indonesia and over 10 meters in many other places. Over 230,000 people were killed or went missing across 14 countries.
3. Countries around the Indian Ocean have worked to establish tsunami early warning systems and increase public education to help save lives from future events, but the 2004 tsunami highlighted the massive destruction such an event can cause.
A tsunami is a series of waves generated by an underwater displacement of water, usually caused by earthquakes. Tsunamis are not single waves but rather a "wave train" consisting of multiple waves. They can be very destructive when reaching land, causing flooding and crushing coastal structures with fast-moving water. Proper warning systems and evacuation of low-lying areas can help reduce loss of life from these devastating natural disasters.
A tsunami is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, often from earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides or other disturbances below or above water. Tsunami waves have a very long wavelength and can cause enormous destruction in coastal areas, with wave heights over tens of metres. The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was one of the deadliest natural disasters, killing over 290,000 people across 14 countries.
This document provides information about tsunamis through several examples of destructive tsunamis throughout history. It discusses what causes tsunamis, how they propagate and grow in shallow water, and their devastating effects on coastlines. Specific tsunamis summarized include the 1929 Grand Banks tsunami that killed 29 in Newfoundland, the 1946 Aleutian tsunami that caused over $165 million in damage and deaths in Hawaii, and the 1996 Peru tsunami that struck cities along 590 km of coastline.
A disaster is defined as a sudden event that severely disrupts a community's ability to function. Disasters can be caused by natural hazards like earthquakes, floods, hurricanes or drought. Natural disasters are classified as geophysical, hydrological, climatological, meteorological or biological based on their cause. Some key natural hazards covered are earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, avalanches, floods, extreme temperatures, drought, tropical storms and wildfires. Each hazard is described in terms of its causes, impacts and warning times. Mitigating and preparing for these various natural disasters poses challenges for emergency response.
The document discusses tsunamis, their causes, effects, and history. Tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, or meteor impacts displacing large volumes of water. They have struck coastlines throughout history, including the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami that killed over 118,000 people across several countries. Early warning systems and evacuation to higher ground can help reduce loss of life from future tsunamis.
What is earthquakes? What is the Elastic Rebound Theory?
Seismographs record earthquake events. Where Do Earthquakes Occur and How Often? What are the Destructive Effects of Earthquakes? How are the Size and Strength of an Earthquake Measured? Can Earthquakes be Predicted? Can Earthquakes be Controlled?
Tsunamis are caused by large displacements of water, usually in oceans, that can be triggered by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides or meteorite impacts. While tsunamis have extremely long wavelengths and periods in deep ocean waters, they can travel very fast at over 600 mph. When they reach shallow coastal waters, their energy causes the sea level to rise dramatically and flood inland areas. Proper planning, awareness of warning signs and evacuation routes can help minimize damage and save lives during a tsunami.
1. A massive 9.3 magnitude earthquake struck off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia on December 26, 2004, triggering a devastating tsunami across the Indian Ocean.
2. The tsunami waves reached heights of over 30 meters in some areas of Indonesia and over 10 meters in many other places. Over 230,000 people were killed or went missing across 14 countries.
3. Countries around the Indian Ocean have worked to establish tsunami early warning systems and increase public education to help save lives from future events, but the 2004 tsunami highlighted the massive destruction such an event can cause.
A tsunami is a series of waves generated by an underwater displacement of water, usually caused by earthquakes. Tsunamis are not single waves but rather a "wave train" consisting of multiple waves. They can be very destructive when reaching land, causing flooding and crushing coastal structures with fast-moving water. Proper warning systems and evacuation of low-lying areas can help reduce loss of life from these devastating natural disasters.
Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy in the earth's crust that generates seismic waves. The location within the earth where rupture first occurs is known as the focus or hypocenter, while the point on the surface directly above is called the epicenter. Different types of seismic waves travel through the earth's interior or along its surface, causing shaking and damage. By measuring the arrival times of these waves at multiple seismograph stations, scientists can determine the epicenter location. Earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale by magnitude or the Mercalli scale by observed intensity. India experiences frequent earthquakes and is divided into different seismic zones based on risk levels. Major quakes have caused widespread destruction and loss of life in
Tsunami are powerful waves created by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides that displace large volumes of water. They can reach heights over 30 meters and speeds over 700 km/hr, destroying everything in their path. The devastating 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami killed over 118,000 people across several countries, displaced millions, and caused widespread damage to infrastructure and the environment. Relief efforts provided temporary housing, food, water and medical aid to victims, but recovery is a long process and many remain in need of support years later.
The document discusses earthquakes, including their causes, types of seismic waves produced, measurement on the Richter scale, potential hazards caused by earthquakes like landslides, fires, liquefaction, tsunamis and floods. It also discusses methods of earthquake prediction and safety precautions to take during an earthquake based on one's location.
Earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates underneath the earth's surface. When the plates shift and release stress, seismic waves propagate outward from the epicenter. Scientists measure the intensity of earthquakes using the Richter scale. During an earthquake, it is important to drop, cover, and hold on underneath sturdy furniture to protect oneself from falling debris.
Disaster is a serious, dangerous and intolerable phenomena on the planet earth. Thousands of people die in a moment. Many people may become homeless and parentless. Valuable properties get damaged within no time. Disasters are events shocking the whole world and making the humanity to feel very sad. All life support systems are affected by these incidences.
What is required to minimize the effects is the application of certain management practices. Disaster management is an essential component of our development works. Let us see the aspects of Disaster Management in this module.
Natural disasters such as volcanoes, earthquakes, and tsunamis are sudden events caused by natural geological processes. Volcanoes occur at boundaries where tectonic plates meet and result in eruptions of lava, ash, and gases. Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of built-up energy in the Earth's crust along fault lines, resulting in seismic waves. Tsunamis are a series of powerful ocean waves caused by earthquakes, landslides, or volcanic eruptions that can flood coastal areas and cause widespread damage.
This document provides information about tsunamis, including what causes them, how to recognize warning signs, and safety steps to take before, during, and after a tsunami occurs. It advises people living near coastal areas to be aware of evacuation routes and plans, know their street's elevation and distance from the coast, and prepare families on how to turn off utilities and contact emergency services. The goal is to help reduce loss of life and damage from potential future tsunamis.
Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy from faulting or breaking of rocks deep within the earth. They produce seismic waves that radiate out from the hypocenter, or focus point, where the rupture occurs. The epicenter is the point on the surface directly above the hypocenter. Most earthquakes occur along plate boundaries and are more destructive in areas with poorly consolidated rock. Seismographs can be used to locate an epicenter by measuring the difference in arrival times of seismic waves at three stations. While some precursors and patterns have been observed, earthquakes remain difficult to predict and control with complete accuracy.
Tsunamis are powerful waves that can reach over 100 feet tall and travel at speeds over 60 mph. They have the force to lift vehicles and demolish buildings, maintaining their energy as they cross entire cities. Hawaii faces the greatest risk from tsunamis in the United States, experiencing around one per year on average, and the waves can sound like a freight train as they approach land.
Natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes, tidal waves, and drought can destroy life and property. Earthquakes are measured by their magnitude on the Richter scale or Modified Mercalli scale, with higher magnitudes causing more damage. Volcanoes form when magma rises up through ruptures in the earth's crust. Tidal waves, also known as tsunamis, are actually not tidal but are instead caused by displacement of water. Droughts are periods of below average precipitation that result in shortages of atmospheric, surface, or ground water supply.
A tsunami is a large sea wave generated by earthquakes, landslides, or volcanic eruptions that displace large volumes of water. When this activity displaces the sea floor, it generates waves that can travel across oceans at high speeds. Though imperceptible in deep waters, tsunamis grow in height and power as they reach shallower coastal waters, posing a threat to coastal regions. Monitoring systems use sensors and satellites to detect tsunamis and issue warnings to protect coastal communities.
Tsunamis are large ocean waves generated by earthquakes, landslides, or volcanic eruptions. When the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred, it generated a devastating tsunami that killed over 160,000 people across several Asian and African countries. The disaster could have been mitigated if an early warning system had been in place for the Indian Ocean similar to the one that exists in the Pacific. International efforts are now underway to develop an early warning system for the Indian Ocean and other regions to help prevent future loss of life from tsunamis.
This document discusses earthquake hazards and mitigation. It notes that approximately 500,000 earthquakes occur each year, with around 100 being potentially dangerous. Major earthquakes typically occur annually and can release large amounts of seismic energy. Earthquakes cause damage through ground shaking, liquefaction, landslides, fires, and tsunamis. Mitigation strategies include avoiding hazard areas, building earthquake resistant structures using special materials and construction techniques, improving weak soils, and reducing seismic demand on structures. Proper architectural design and reinforcement of masonry and reinforced concrete buildings can also improve earthquake resistance.
Assalam U Alikum!
In these slides, Tsunami is discussed. First, What is Tsunami then breif history of Tsunami, Characteristics of Tsunami, Terminology of Tsunami, How can you do preparations before, during and after Tsunami came.
I hope you like my slides. Stay tuned for more slides.
Jazak Allah!.
Earthquakes are caused by the release of energy in the Earth's crust due to movements of tectonic plates. The main types of fault that cause earthquakes are normal, reverse thrust, and strike-slip. Earthquakes produce seismic waves that damage buildings and infrastructure, endangering human life. They can also trigger tsunamis, which are large ocean waves that inundate coastal areas. Scientists are still working on predicting earthquakes, but earthquake-proofing of buildings has helped reduce risks in places like Japan and California that experience frequent seismic activity.
The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami was a magnitude 9.1-9.3 earthquake that occurred off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia on December 26, 2004, generating huge tsunami waves and causing over 230,000 confirmed deaths in 14 countries, with Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and India experiencing the most deaths and damage to lives and property. The disaster devastated communities, destroyed fishing fleets and tourism industries in coastal areas, and caused long-term environmental impacts across the affected regions.
Tsunami is a Japanese word Tsu means ‘harbour’ and nami means ‘wave’.
They are called tidal waves but they have actually nothing to do with the tides. However their appearance from shore is similar to rapidly rising or falling tides.
Tsunami is a series of wave created when water is moved very quickly.
Tsunami is gravity wave system, triggered by vertical disturbances in ocean. They are long waves sometime with hundreds of miles b/w their crests, just like the concentric waves generated by an object dropped into a pool.
First tsunami was recorded in 1480 B.C. in eastern Mediterranean, when the Minoan civilization was wiped out.
A large tsunami accompanied by the earthquake of Lisbon in 1755.
The Kutch earthquake of June 16, 1819 generated strong tsunami which submerged the coastal areas and damage to ships and country made boats of fishermen.
North and South American records have dated such
events back to 1788 for Alaska and 1562 for Chile. Records of Hawaiian tsunami go back to 1821.
Tsunami hits the Mona Passage off Puerto Rico in 1918, grand banks of Canada in 1929.
This document discusses tsunamis, which are giant waves caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions under the sea. Tsunamis can cause massive damage and loss of life by destroying homes and infrastructure. While impossible to prevent, their effects can be minimized through preparation measures like building in safe areas, establishing evacuation routes, and early warning systems. The document outlines dos and don'ts for before, during, and after a tsunami and emphasizes the importance of quickly evacuating coastal areas if a tsunami is detected or warned.
Tsunamis are series of waves generated by rapid displacement of water, often caused by earthquakes, landslides or volcanic eruptions. They are different from tidal waves in that they are not caused by gravitational effects of celestial bodies. Tsunamis have extremely long wavelengths and periods. Signs of an approaching tsunami include a sudden receeding of water exposing areas usually submerged, as the trough of the wave approaches land. The devastating 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was caused by a 9.3 magnitude earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, displacing massive volumes of water and causing over 230,000 deaths across several countries.
This document provides information about seismic waves and earthquakes. It describes how earthquakes are caused by blocks of earth slipping past each other, and are measured by seismic waves detected by seismographs. The size of an earthquake is called its magnitude, which is measured by the size of the seismic waves. There are two main types of seismic waves - primary and secondary waves. Earthquakes can cause buildings to collapse, trigger tsunamis, and damage cities. They also have economic impacts through disruption of infrastructure and commerce. The 2011 Tohoku earthquake in Japan was very large, measuring 9.0 and causing extensive damage through shaking, tsunamis, and nuclear issues.
Introduction of earthquake
focus and epicenter of an earthquake.
Relate earthquake activity to plate tectonics
Describe the types of waves emitted during an earthquake.
Distinguish between earthquake intensity and magnitude.
Review some current methods of earthquake prediction.
Preparation and steps during and after earthquake.
Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy in the earth's crust that generates seismic waves. The location within the earth where rupture first occurs is known as the focus or hypocenter, while the point on the surface directly above is called the epicenter. Different types of seismic waves travel through the earth's interior or along its surface, causing shaking and damage. By measuring the arrival times of these waves at multiple seismograph stations, scientists can determine the epicenter location. Earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale by magnitude or the Mercalli scale by observed intensity. India experiences frequent earthquakes and is divided into different seismic zones based on risk levels. Major quakes have caused widespread destruction and loss of life in
Tsunami are powerful waves created by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides that displace large volumes of water. They can reach heights over 30 meters and speeds over 700 km/hr, destroying everything in their path. The devastating 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami killed over 118,000 people across several countries, displaced millions, and caused widespread damage to infrastructure and the environment. Relief efforts provided temporary housing, food, water and medical aid to victims, but recovery is a long process and many remain in need of support years later.
The document discusses earthquakes, including their causes, types of seismic waves produced, measurement on the Richter scale, potential hazards caused by earthquakes like landslides, fires, liquefaction, tsunamis and floods. It also discusses methods of earthquake prediction and safety precautions to take during an earthquake based on one's location.
Earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates underneath the earth's surface. When the plates shift and release stress, seismic waves propagate outward from the epicenter. Scientists measure the intensity of earthquakes using the Richter scale. During an earthquake, it is important to drop, cover, and hold on underneath sturdy furniture to protect oneself from falling debris.
Disaster is a serious, dangerous and intolerable phenomena on the planet earth. Thousands of people die in a moment. Many people may become homeless and parentless. Valuable properties get damaged within no time. Disasters are events shocking the whole world and making the humanity to feel very sad. All life support systems are affected by these incidences.
What is required to minimize the effects is the application of certain management practices. Disaster management is an essential component of our development works. Let us see the aspects of Disaster Management in this module.
Natural disasters such as volcanoes, earthquakes, and tsunamis are sudden events caused by natural geological processes. Volcanoes occur at boundaries where tectonic plates meet and result in eruptions of lava, ash, and gases. Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of built-up energy in the Earth's crust along fault lines, resulting in seismic waves. Tsunamis are a series of powerful ocean waves caused by earthquakes, landslides, or volcanic eruptions that can flood coastal areas and cause widespread damage.
This document provides information about tsunamis, including what causes them, how to recognize warning signs, and safety steps to take before, during, and after a tsunami occurs. It advises people living near coastal areas to be aware of evacuation routes and plans, know their street's elevation and distance from the coast, and prepare families on how to turn off utilities and contact emergency services. The goal is to help reduce loss of life and damage from potential future tsunamis.
Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy from faulting or breaking of rocks deep within the earth. They produce seismic waves that radiate out from the hypocenter, or focus point, where the rupture occurs. The epicenter is the point on the surface directly above the hypocenter. Most earthquakes occur along plate boundaries and are more destructive in areas with poorly consolidated rock. Seismographs can be used to locate an epicenter by measuring the difference in arrival times of seismic waves at three stations. While some precursors and patterns have been observed, earthquakes remain difficult to predict and control with complete accuracy.
Tsunamis are powerful waves that can reach over 100 feet tall and travel at speeds over 60 mph. They have the force to lift vehicles and demolish buildings, maintaining their energy as they cross entire cities. Hawaii faces the greatest risk from tsunamis in the United States, experiencing around one per year on average, and the waves can sound like a freight train as they approach land.
Natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes, tidal waves, and drought can destroy life and property. Earthquakes are measured by their magnitude on the Richter scale or Modified Mercalli scale, with higher magnitudes causing more damage. Volcanoes form when magma rises up through ruptures in the earth's crust. Tidal waves, also known as tsunamis, are actually not tidal but are instead caused by displacement of water. Droughts are periods of below average precipitation that result in shortages of atmospheric, surface, or ground water supply.
A tsunami is a large sea wave generated by earthquakes, landslides, or volcanic eruptions that displace large volumes of water. When this activity displaces the sea floor, it generates waves that can travel across oceans at high speeds. Though imperceptible in deep waters, tsunamis grow in height and power as they reach shallower coastal waters, posing a threat to coastal regions. Monitoring systems use sensors and satellites to detect tsunamis and issue warnings to protect coastal communities.
Tsunamis are large ocean waves generated by earthquakes, landslides, or volcanic eruptions. When the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred, it generated a devastating tsunami that killed over 160,000 people across several Asian and African countries. The disaster could have been mitigated if an early warning system had been in place for the Indian Ocean similar to the one that exists in the Pacific. International efforts are now underway to develop an early warning system for the Indian Ocean and other regions to help prevent future loss of life from tsunamis.
This document discusses earthquake hazards and mitigation. It notes that approximately 500,000 earthquakes occur each year, with around 100 being potentially dangerous. Major earthquakes typically occur annually and can release large amounts of seismic energy. Earthquakes cause damage through ground shaking, liquefaction, landslides, fires, and tsunamis. Mitigation strategies include avoiding hazard areas, building earthquake resistant structures using special materials and construction techniques, improving weak soils, and reducing seismic demand on structures. Proper architectural design and reinforcement of masonry and reinforced concrete buildings can also improve earthquake resistance.
Assalam U Alikum!
In these slides, Tsunami is discussed. First, What is Tsunami then breif history of Tsunami, Characteristics of Tsunami, Terminology of Tsunami, How can you do preparations before, during and after Tsunami came.
I hope you like my slides. Stay tuned for more slides.
Jazak Allah!.
Earthquakes are caused by the release of energy in the Earth's crust due to movements of tectonic plates. The main types of fault that cause earthquakes are normal, reverse thrust, and strike-slip. Earthquakes produce seismic waves that damage buildings and infrastructure, endangering human life. They can also trigger tsunamis, which are large ocean waves that inundate coastal areas. Scientists are still working on predicting earthquakes, but earthquake-proofing of buildings has helped reduce risks in places like Japan and California that experience frequent seismic activity.
The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami was a magnitude 9.1-9.3 earthquake that occurred off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia on December 26, 2004, generating huge tsunami waves and causing over 230,000 confirmed deaths in 14 countries, with Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and India experiencing the most deaths and damage to lives and property. The disaster devastated communities, destroyed fishing fleets and tourism industries in coastal areas, and caused long-term environmental impacts across the affected regions.
Tsunami is a Japanese word Tsu means ‘harbour’ and nami means ‘wave’.
They are called tidal waves but they have actually nothing to do with the tides. However their appearance from shore is similar to rapidly rising or falling tides.
Tsunami is a series of wave created when water is moved very quickly.
Tsunami is gravity wave system, triggered by vertical disturbances in ocean. They are long waves sometime with hundreds of miles b/w their crests, just like the concentric waves generated by an object dropped into a pool.
First tsunami was recorded in 1480 B.C. in eastern Mediterranean, when the Minoan civilization was wiped out.
A large tsunami accompanied by the earthquake of Lisbon in 1755.
The Kutch earthquake of June 16, 1819 generated strong tsunami which submerged the coastal areas and damage to ships and country made boats of fishermen.
North and South American records have dated such
events back to 1788 for Alaska and 1562 for Chile. Records of Hawaiian tsunami go back to 1821.
Tsunami hits the Mona Passage off Puerto Rico in 1918, grand banks of Canada in 1929.
This document discusses tsunamis, which are giant waves caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions under the sea. Tsunamis can cause massive damage and loss of life by destroying homes and infrastructure. While impossible to prevent, their effects can be minimized through preparation measures like building in safe areas, establishing evacuation routes, and early warning systems. The document outlines dos and don'ts for before, during, and after a tsunami and emphasizes the importance of quickly evacuating coastal areas if a tsunami is detected or warned.
Tsunamis are series of waves generated by rapid displacement of water, often caused by earthquakes, landslides or volcanic eruptions. They are different from tidal waves in that they are not caused by gravitational effects of celestial bodies. Tsunamis have extremely long wavelengths and periods. Signs of an approaching tsunami include a sudden receeding of water exposing areas usually submerged, as the trough of the wave approaches land. The devastating 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was caused by a 9.3 magnitude earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, displacing massive volumes of water and causing over 230,000 deaths across several countries.
This document provides information about seismic waves and earthquakes. It describes how earthquakes are caused by blocks of earth slipping past each other, and are measured by seismic waves detected by seismographs. The size of an earthquake is called its magnitude, which is measured by the size of the seismic waves. There are two main types of seismic waves - primary and secondary waves. Earthquakes can cause buildings to collapse, trigger tsunamis, and damage cities. They also have economic impacts through disruption of infrastructure and commerce. The 2011 Tohoku earthquake in Japan was very large, measuring 9.0 and causing extensive damage through shaking, tsunamis, and nuclear issues.
Introduction of earthquake
focus and epicenter of an earthquake.
Relate earthquake activity to plate tectonics
Describe the types of waves emitted during an earthquake.
Distinguish between earthquake intensity and magnitude.
Review some current methods of earthquake prediction.
Preparation and steps during and after earthquake.
Introduction of earthquake
focus and epicenter of an earthquake.
Relate earthquake activity to plate tectonics
Describe the types of waves emitted during an earthquake.
Distinguish between earthquake intensity and magnitude.
Review some current methods of earthquake prediction.
Preparation and steps during and after earthquake.
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, where they occur, and how they are measured. It discusses how tectonic plate movement can build stress along faults, causing rocks to break and release energy in the form of seismic waves. There are three main types of faults and three types of seismic waves. Earthquakes are located using seismographs to measure the arrival times of P and S waves at multiple stations, then triangulating the epicenter where the circles intersect. The largest earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale.
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, where they occur, and how they are measured. It discusses how tectonic plate movement can build stress along faults, causing rocks to break and release energy in the form of seismic waves. There are three main types of faults and three types of seismic waves. Earthquakes are located using seismographs to measure the arrival times of P and S waves at multiple stations, then triangulating the epicenter where the circles intersect. The largest earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale.
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, where they occur, and how they are measured. It discusses how tectonic plate movement can build stress along faults, causing rocks to break and release energy in the form of seismic waves. There are three main types of faults and three types of seismic waves. Earthquakes are located using seismographs to measure the arrival times of P and S waves at multiple stations, then triangulating the epicenter where the circles intersect. The largest earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale.
Earthquakes are caused by the buildup and sudden release of stress along faults in the Earth's crust. When the stress becomes too great, the rock breaks and seismic waves are released. There are three main types of seismic waves - P waves, S waves, and surface waves. Scientists can locate the epicenter of an earthquake by measuring the arrival times of seismic waves at multiple seismograph stations and using triangulation. The Richter Scale is used to measure the magnitude or energy released by an earthquake.
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, where they occur, and how they are measured. It discusses how tectonic plate movement can build stress along faults, causing rocks to break and release energy in the form of seismic waves. There are three main types of faults and three types of seismic waves. Earthquakes are located using seismographs to measure the arrival times of P and S waves at multiple stations, then triangulating the epicenter where the circles intersect. The largest earthquakes are measured on the Richter scale.
Earthquakes are caused by the buildup and sudden release of stress along faults in the Earth's crust. When the stress becomes too great, the rock breaks and seismic waves are released. There are three main types of seismic waves - P waves, S waves, and surface waves. Scientists can locate the epicenter of an earthquake by measuring the arrival times of seismic waves at multiple seismograph stations and using triangulation. The Richter Scale is used to measure the magnitude or energy released by an earthquake.
This document provides information about earthquakes, including what causes them, where they occur, and the different types of seismic waves. It discusses how tectonic plate movement can build stress along faults, leading to earthquakes when the pressure is released. There are three main types of faults - normal, reverse, and strike-slip. An earthquake begins at a focus point and the epicenter is the point directly above on the surface. P waves, S waves, and surface waves are the three types of seismic waves generated by earthquakes. P waves travel the fastest while surface waves cause the most destruction.
Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy in the earth's crust that creates seismic waves. They can range from minor tremors to major disasters that cause widespread destruction and loss of life, depending on their magnitude and intensity. The effects of earthquakes include damage to infrastructure, transportation systems, and economic activities. Major earthquakes are often associated with tectonic plate boundaries and can also be linked to volcanic or other geologic activity. Measurement of earthquakes helps scientists understand seismic hazards and risks in different regions.
The document discusses earthquakes and related topics in three main sections. Section one describes how earthquakes are caused by movement along tectonic plate boundaries and outlines the different types of seismic waves generated by earthquakes. Section two explains how earthquakes are measured, located and recorded using seismographs. Section three discusses the damage earthquakes can cause to buildings and properties from ground shaking and liquefaction. It also describes tsunamis and provides safety tips for earthquake preparedness.
Earthquakes are caused by a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. The largest recorded earthquakes include a 9.5 magnitude quake in Chile in 1960 and a 9.0 magnitude quake in Japan in 2011. Earthquakes can cause significant damage through ground shaking, fault ruptures, landslides, fires, liquefaction, tsunamis, and floods. Proper construction and seismic building codes can help reduce damage from earthquakes.
1. Earthquakes are caused by the sudden slippage of rocks along faults, generating seismic waves that travel through the Earth. 2. Faults are classified based on the type of motion or displacement that occurs along them. 3. While earthquakes themselves do not directly kill people, buildings that collapse during quakes are the leading cause of earthquake deaths, with more robust structures withstanding quakes better.
Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that generates seismic waves. There are three main types of faults that cause earthquakes by movement of tectonic plates. Scientists can measure the location and magnitude of earthquakes using seismographs to detect primary, secondary, and surface seismic waves, then calculating distances based on differences in arrival times of P and S waves at multiple locations. Large earthquakes can trigger tsunamis by displacing large volumes of water.
Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that generates seismic waves. There are three main types of faults that cause earthquakes by movement of tectonic plates. Scientists can measure the location and magnitude of earthquakes using seismographs to detect primary, secondary, and surface seismic waves, then calculating distances based on differences in arrival times of P and S waves at multiple locations. Large earthquakes can trigger tsunamis by displacing large volumes of water.
1) Earthquakes occur along fault lines in the earth's crust due to the buildup and release of stress as tectonic plates shift.
2) There are three main types of faults that can form from different types of stress: normal faults from tension, reverse faults from compression, and strike-slip faults from shear stress.
3) When stress is released along a fault, seismic waves are generated including faster P and S body waves and slower surface Love and Rayleigh waves.
1. An earthquake occurs when built-up tension along fault lines in the Earth's crust is suddenly released, causing the ground to shake.
2. The effects of an earthquake depend on several factors, including its magnitude on the Richter scale, distance from the epicenter, and the level of development in the affected area.
3. The 1995 Kobe earthquake in Japan caused over 30,000 injuries, left over 300,000 homeless as buildings collapsed, and led to long-term economic and social impacts as the city was rebuilt.
Earthquakes are the shaking, rolling or sudden shock of the earth’s surface. They are the Earth's natural means of releasing stress. Earthquakes can be felt over large areas.
Earthquakes cannot be predicted, although scientists are working on it.
Earthquakes occur due to the sudden release of built-up energy along fault lines in the earth's crust. They produce three types of seismic waves that radiate out from the hypocenter or focus of the earthquake. The location and magnitude of earthquakes can be measured using seismographs located around the world. Major effects of earthquakes include shaking, ground rupture, landslides, fires, liquefaction, tsunamis, and structural damage to buildings and infrastructure. Proper construction techniques and emergency preparedness can help reduce risks from earthquakes.
Morgan Freeman Net Worth: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Legendary Actor’s W...greendigital
Morgan Freeman, One of Hollywood's most recognizable and revered actors. Has enjoyed a prolific career spanning several decades. Known for his distinctive voice, commanding presence, and versatile acting skills. Freeman has left an indelible mark on the entertainment industry. But, Freeman's financial success is a topic of great interest beyond his artistic achievements. This article delves into the intricacies of Morgan Freeman net worth. Exploring the various avenues through which he has amassed his fortune.
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Introduction to Morgan Freeman Net Worth
Morgan Freeman net worth is a testament to his enduring career and diverse portfolio of income streams. As of 2024, Freeman's estimated net worth is a staggering $250 million. This impressive figure reflects his earnings from acting and his ventures in directing, producing, and other business endeavors. Understanding the factors contributing to Morgan Freeman net worth provides a window into the financial success of one of Hollywood's most esteemed figures.
Early Life and Career Beginnings
Childhood and Early Influences
Morgan Freeman was born on June 1, 1937, in Memphis, Tennessee. Raised in a modest household, Freeman's early life marked by economic challenges. Despite these hardships, Freeman was passionate about acting from a young age. His early exposure to the arts and innate talent set the stage for his future career.
Initial Struggles and Breakthroughs
Freeman's path to stardom was with obstacles. He spent several years honing his craft in theater, television, and minor film roles. His big break came with the 1987 film Street Smart. where his performance earned him critical acclaim and an Academy Award nomination. This role marked a turning point. paving the way for future opportunities and contributing to Morgan Freeman net worth.
Rise to Stardom and Major Film Roles
Breakthrough Performances
Freeman's career trajectory took a decisive turn with standout performances in films such as Driving Miss Daisy (1989), Glory (1989), and The Shawshank Redemption (1994). These roles showcased his acting prowess and solidified his status as a leading man in Hollywood. Each film was a commercial success, contributing to Morgan Freeman net worth.
Consistent Box Office Hits
The 1990s and 2000s were particularly fruitful for Freeman. He appeared in a series of successful films, including Seven (1995), Deep Impact (1998), Bruce Almighty (2003). and The Dark Knight Trilogy (2005-2012). His delivering stellar performances in high-grossing films have influenced Morgan Freeman net worth accumulation.
Diversification of Income Sources
Voice Acting and Narration
Freeman's distinctive voice has become one of his most recognizable attributes. He has lent his voice to many documentaries, commercials, and animated films. His work as a narrator, in March of the Penguins (2005) and Through the Wormhole (2010-2017). has acclaimed and rewarding. These projects have boosted Morgan Freem
GFW Office Hours: How to Use Planet Imagery on Global Forest Watch_June 11, 2024Global Forest Watch
Earlier this year, we hosted a webinar on Deforestation Exposed: Using High Resolution Satellite Imagery to Investigate Forest Clearing.
If you missed this webinar or have any questions about Norway’s International Climate & Forests Initiative (NICFI) Satellite Data Program and Planet’s high-resolution mosaics, please join our expert-led office hours for an overview of how to use Planet’s satellite imagery on GFW, including how to access and analyze the data.
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Travis Hills of MN implements cutting-edge technology to enhance water efficiency by recycling clean water for irrigation. He advocates for responsible water management practices, reducing freshwater dependency in agricultural settings. Travis' initiatives support sustainable farming practices and ecosystem health, aligning with environmental sustainability goals.
Statewise Ramsar sites in India By B.pptxB. BHASKAR
Ramsar convention on wetlands and it's importance for conservation of diversity rich ecologically important wetlands of the member countries around the world.
Special focus on state wise Ramsar sites and wetlands of international importance in the India
Classification of Clove sizes as planting material to the bulb yield of Garli...Open Access Research Paper
Garlic is one of the highly valued crops in the Philippines. However, low production yield is the main constraint, specifically in the native varieties that could not satisfy the demand. Among the limiting factors are the use of unsuitable clove size as planting materials. The results revealed that clove sizes significantly influenced the growth of garlic. Large clove size and extra-large clove size obtained average plant vigor with ratings of 5.83 and 6.33, respectively. Significant differences were also found in both fresh and dry bulb weights, with the largest clove size yielding the heaviest weights at 19.36g and 16.67g, respectively. Moreover, large and extra-large clove sizes produced the highest number of cloves per bulb with an average of 19.87 and 19.33 respectively. However, no significant differences were observed in yield per plant and yield per hectare. Consequently, large clove sizes employed as planting material increased the vigor, bulb weights, and the number of cloves with no significant effect on the yield. The study showed that planting large clove sizes (2.0-2.50g) is more promising as planting materials of native varieties like Ilocos white.
3. Introduction
• Earthquake is a terrible kind of natural
calamity. where earthquake occurs the earth
shakes. If the earth shakes violently, the result
is disastrous. Man may escape other kinds of
calamity. But if earthquake occurs, there is no
way out.
4. What is an earthquake?
• Used to describe both sudden slip on a fault,
and the resulting ground shaking and radiated
seismic energy caused by the slip
• Caused by volcanic or magmatic activity,
• Caused by other sudden stress changes in the
earth.
6. What causes earthquakes?
• Tectonic plates move past each other causing
stress. Stress causes the rock to deform
– Plastic deformation – does not cause earthquakes
– Elastic deformation – rock stretches then reaches
a breaking point, releasing energy.
14. Surface Waves
• Move along the Earth’s surface
• Produces motion in the upper crust
– Motion can be up and down
– Motion can be around
– Motion can be back and forth
• Travel more slowly than S and P waves
• More destructive
15. How do scientists calculate how far a location
is from the epicenter of an earthquake?
• Scientists calculate the difference
between arrival times of the P waves
and S waves
• The further away an earthquake is, the
greater the time between the arrival of
the P waves and the S waves
26. Largest earthquake in the world
• More than 2,000 killed, 3,000
injured, 2,000,000 homeless,
and $550 million damage in
southern Chile
• tsunami caused 61 deaths
• $75 million damage in Hawaii;
• 138 deaths and $50 million
damage in Japan;
• 32 dead and missing in the
Philippines;
• and $500,000 damage to the
west coast of
• the United States.
27. Conclusion
• Earthquakes are not new to the world. It is a very
common thing on many parts of the earth. Japan
is the constant victim of earthquakes. So, the
Japanese make houses of paper boards. India,
too is not altogether free from this natural
calamity. But in India, it is very few and far
between. In 1993 Maharashtra had faced a
terrible shock from a divesting earthquake and
the Latoor are was completely damaged.
Earthquake cannot be prevented. They catch up
by surprise. Hence, let us wait for the scientific
developments that may find a remedy to this
terrible upsurge.
Editor's Notes
Three types of faults
Form depending on type of plate motion and complex reaction of earth’s lithospheric blocks
Strike-slip
Normal
Thrust