The human ear is divided into three main parts - the outer, middle, and inner ear. The outer ear collects sound waves and directs them through the auditory canal to the middle ear, which contains three small bones that vibrate these waves and amplify them. The inner ear contains the cochlea, which converts sound waves into nerve signals that are transmitted to the brain. Common ear disorders mentioned include ear infections, swimmers ear, tinnitus, and others affecting the outer, middle, or inner ear. Images shown illustrate various normal and pathological conditions of the external ear canal and eardrum.

1. Structure & Function of the Human Ear
Sreenu Thalla
Assistant Professor
Department of Pharmacology

3. Anatomy of the Human Ear

19. • Earache
• Otitis Externa (Swimmer’s Ear)
• Otitis Media
• Labyrinthitis (Otitis Interna)
• Tinnitus
• Cholesteatoma
• Ototoxicity
• Otosclerosis
• Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
Ear disorders

20. (a) Cholestestoma of middle ear
(b) Chronic suppurative otitis media
(c) External auditory canal bleeding
(d) Impacted cerumen
e. Normal eardrum
f. Otomycosis external
g. Secretory otitis media
h. Tympanic membrane calcification