E-Rupi is a new digital payment instrument introduced by the Indian government. It functions as a prepaid voucher or QR code delivered via SMS that can be redeemed for a specific purpose, such as receiving healthcare services. It aims to enable cashless, contactless transactions and direct transfers to citizens and employees without leaks. The document outlines how E-Rupi works by involving issuers, acquirers, sponsors, merchants and beneficiaries. It also discusses the potential uses and advantages in reducing corruption and costs, as well as some challenges in adoption and security.