4. WHAT DYSLEXIA IS NOT:
o People who see things backwards.
o People who can’t read.
o Laziness.
o A rare condition.
o More common in boys than in girls.
6. DYSLEXIA IS:
o An inherited condition
o Neurological in origin
o Difficulty with language :
o Oral speech
o Auditory processing
o Reading and Writing
8. STRENGTHS:
o Artistic
o Athletic
o Mechanical gifts
o 3-D visualization ability
o Musical talent
o Creative problem solving skills
o Intuitive people skills
9. EARLY WARNING SIGNS:
o Ear infections
o Speech delay
o Difficulty tying shoes
o Discriminating left from right
o Late establishing dominant hand
o Difficulty with sequencing and memory
o Rhyming
o Organization
10. DIFFICULTY WITH LANGUAGE
Oral Speech:
o Speech delay
o Mixing up sounds when saying long words
o Stuttering
o Articulation difficulties (M-N, R-L, S-SH-CH)
o Word retrieval
11. DIFFICULTY WITH LANGUAGE
Auditory Processing:
o Auditory memory size
o Process a bit more slowly
o Auditory discrimination
o Phonemic Awareness
12. DIFFICULTY WITH LANGUAGE
Typical Reading Mistakes:
o Read same beginning, ending and shape ( i.e.
house-horse, first-fast).
o Read same letters in different sequence (i.e.
who-how, stop-spot)
o Reversals (big-dig, may-way)
o Leave out endings
o Leave out function words (who, at, it)
13. o When reading stories, uses clues such as
pictures and word patterns (pony-horse).
o Able to recognize a word on a page but not on
the next.
o Usually won’t try to sound out an unfamiliar
word.
14. DIFFICULTY WITH LANGUAGE
Writing: (better indicator)
o Difficulty with spelling (including high
frequency words)
o Often, no vowels
o Bad penmanship/ Dysgraphia (not always)
o Difficulty with capitalization and punctuation
o Reversals after two years of formal instruction
15.
16. My favorite animal is a panda bear
because
they are very cute. and fluffy when
they are babies
is so cute that they are babies very
pretty
When they are babies they are
fluffy cute pretty they like bamboo
you will really like it because when
the grow
they are still fluffy and cute I love
panda bears are very cute.
17. CLASSROOM ACCOMMODATIONS
Students Need a teacher who:
• Will understand their frustration
• Who understands that their difficulties are
caused by an inherited brain difference
• Will not humiliate them in front of their peers
• Will help reduce fear and anxiety
18. WHAT WORKS
Orton-Gillingham Systems:
• Simultaneously multisensory (uses all learning
pathways in the brain)
• Systematic and cumulative (follows a logical
order of the language)
• Direct instruction (student-teacher interaction)
• Diagnostic teaching (content must be mastered
in order to progress)
19. WHAT WORKS
• Synthetic and Analytic Instruction (parts of
language can be put together to make a whole,
and a whole can broken down into component
parts)
• Comprehensive and Inclusive (all levels of
language are addressed; phonemes,
graphemes, morphemes, semantics, syntax,
discourse and pragmatics)
20. ORTON-GILLINGHAM SYSTEMS
o Barton Reading and Spelling System
o Slingerland
o Alphabetic Phonics
o Project Read
o Wilson Reading System
o Language!
o Sounds In Syllables
21.
22. RESEARCH-BASED DEFINITION OF DYSLEXIA
Dyslexia is a specific learning disability (DSM-5) that is
neurological in origin.
It is characterized by difficulties with accurate and /or fluent
word recognition and by poor spelling and decoding
abilities.
These difficulties typically result from a deficit in the
phonological component of language that is often
unexpected in relation to other cognitive abilities and the
provision of effective classroom instruction.
Secondary consequences may include problems in reading
comprehension and reduced reading experience that can
impede growth of vocabulary and background knowledge.
o DyslexiaLand: A map and Guide for Students, parents and Educators
o By: Cheri Rae
