This document discusses Greek verb forms and the infinitive. It defines the infinitive as a verbal noun indicating manner of action without reference to person or number. Infinitives can be present or aorist aspect. Examples are given of infinitives used after certain verbs, with a subject, in purpose clauses, result clauses, and as an articular infinitive connecting prepositions like πρὸ and ἐν. Key uses and constructions of the infinitive in Koine Greek are outlined in brief.

1. Today ...
Revise 7.3 The Infinitive
Use of Infinitives 18.2
Articular Infinitive 18.2.4
Chapter 18
late 2nd or early 3rd C mss
Philemon verses 13-15, 24-25

2. Revision
Verbs = person, number, tense, voice, mood,
lexical form, meaning
Person = 1st, 2nd, 3rd
Number = singular, plural
Tense = present, future, imperfect, aorist, perfect,
(pluperfect)
Voice = active, middle, passive
Mood = indicative, imperative, subjunctive, , and
participle
infinitive

3. Mood
“Indicates the manner in which the action
is to be regarded” (Duff, p. 79)
Indicative ... “I listen, I listened”
Imperative ... “Listen!”
Infinitive ... “to listen”
Participle ... “while/after listening”
Subjunctive ... “I might/should listen”

4. Infinitive
“Hebrew was hard to learn.”
“If I was rich I would go to Greece.”
Which of these sentences has an infinitive?

5. Infinitive
“Hebrew was hard to learn.” YES!
“If I was rich I would go to Greece.” NO!!
Which of these sentences has an infinitive?

6. Infinitive
Aorist (aspect = default, undefined)
Present (aspect = continuous or repeated)
Infinitives are either Present or Aorist

7. Infinitive
Present (aspect = continuous or repeated)
... .... 'καὶ ἐποίησενδώδεκα ἵνα ὦσιν μετ αὐτοῦ
καὶ ἵνα ἀποστέλλῃ αὐτοὺς κηρύσσειν καὶ ἔχειν ἐξουσίαν
ἐκβάλλειν τὰ δαιμόνια (Mark 3.14-15)

8. Infinitive
Aorist (aspect = default, undefined)
... ὃς γὰρἐὰν θέλῃτὴν ψυχὴναὐτοῦ σῶσαιἀπολέσειαὐτήν
(Matthew 16.25)

9. Infinitive
often found after certain verbs ...
(see Duff, p. 202)
;δύνασθε πιεῖν τὸ ποτήριον ὃ ἐγὼ μέλλωπίνειν
(Matthew 20.22)

10. Infinitive
“subject of the infinitive” idea
“I want the messenger to depart.”

11. Infinitive
“subject of the infinitive” idea
“I want the messenger to depart.”

12. Infinitive
“subject of the infinitive” idea
“I want the messenger to depart.”

13. Infinitive
“subject of the infinitive” idea
“I want the messenger to depart.”

14. Infinitive
Result Clauses: ὥστε + infinitive
... : ...καὶ ἐθεράπευσεναὐτούς ὥστε τὸν ὄχλονθαυμάσαι
(Matthew 15.30-31)

15. Infinitive
Purpose - infinitive (or subjunctive)
... ...Ἰδοὺἦλθενκύριος
ποιῆσαι κρίσιν κατὰ
...πάντων
(Jude 14, 15)

16. Infinitive
Articular Infinitive
,λέγει αὐτῷ Ναθαναήλ Πόθεν με
;γινώσκεις ἀπεκρίθη Ἰησοῦς καὶ
,εἶπεν αὐτῷ Πρὸ τοῦ σε Φίλιππον
φωνῆσαι ὄντα ὑπὸ τὴν συκῆν
.εἶδόν σε
(John 1.48)

17. Infinitive
Articular Infinitive
,ἀπεκρίθη Ἰησοῦς καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ
Πρὸ τοῦ σε Φίλιππονφωνῆσαι
.ὄντα ὑπὸ τὴν συκῆν εἶδόν σε

18. Infinitive
Articular Infinitive
Πρὸ τοῦ σε Φίλιππονφωνῆσαι

19. Infinitive
Articular Infinitive
Πρὸ τοῦ σε Φίλιππονφωνῆσαι

20. Infinitive
Articular Infinitive
διὰ + τὸ because of
μετὰ + τὸ after
εἰς + τὸ or προς + τὸ with a view to
πρὸ + τοῦ before
ἐν + τῷ during/while

21. Infinitive
Articular Infinitive
διὰ + τὸ because of
μετὰ + τὸ after
εἰς + τὸ or προς + τὸ with a view to
πρὸ + τοῦ before
ἐν + τῷ during/while