This document contains instructions for completing peer responses to classmates' posts on a discussion board. It includes posts from several classmates on various topics related to education, including formative assessments, student-centered learning models, narrative writing, satire, and making difficult decisions about friendships. Students are instructed to respond substantively to at least two classmates' posts.
Webinar: Assessing to Inform Teaching and Learning: A Guide for LeadersDreamBox Learning
School and district-wide use of classroom-based formative assessment is an essential part of informing teacher planning and instruction, as well as meaningful student achievement. In this webinar, Francis (Skip) Fennell, L. Stanley Bowlsbey Professor of Education and Graduate and Professional Studies Emeritus, McDaniel College, shares a framework for school and district-based leaders to develop elements of leadership while establishing a grade-level or school-based learning community focusing on everyday use of formative assessment.
Topics include:
• Assessment literacy and the use of particular tools to guide and monitor the use of the formative assessment techniques presented
• How ongoing, everyday use of the “Formative 5” intersects with summative assessment data and frame assessment decisions
• A leadership framework to guide successful implementation of the “Formative 5,” including coaching, navigating relationships, learning communities and adult learners
All school and district-based leaders, and K-12 educators are invited to watch this recorded webinar.
Guided Response Review and evaluate at least two of your peers’ djesseniasaddler
Guided Response
: Review and evaluate at least two of your peers’ discussion postings. Does the assessment choice and rationale for assessments effectively meet diverse learner needs without being biased towards language proficiency, learning style preference, or cultural background? Provide suggestions for how to collect and analyze the assessment data based on the identified assessment strategy. In addition, propose at least one solution for students whose assessment results indicate a lack of progress.
It need to be two reponds and please put the students name next to there reponds. Separate responds
Peer 1: Kimberly
Assessments are the prime discussion of most education topics in our society today. We see both positive and negative reactions to how big a role our assessments play in schools nationwide. We hear teachers, parents, community members speak of how all students are doing in school is learning how to take a test. I would argue that while assessments are a driving factor, it is the content in which it assesses that matters. The actual test is just a piece of paper with questions, but the student's ability to figure out how to answer these questions will play a large role in their success in the 21st-century workforce.
In the video it is stated, “Assessments often get a bad rap, this is because some people often believe it is good to teach to the test and not teach to the individual student (Koschmeder, 2012)”. Differentiation should play a large role in the administration of assessments. In the past, the teacher would lecture and at the end of the unit, students took a test. Regardless of whether or not they mastered the material, they were given a grade and everyone moved on the next concept. Differentiated assessments change the dynamic and defend the quote above by diving instruction to the individual student and their needs. Teachers in a differentiated classroom give students an assessment before, during and after the learning takes place. This model drives instruction by showing the teacher actually what each student needs before the learning begins. The teacher has a clear picture of what the students already know and in turn what they still need to learn. The formative assessment, which takes place during the learning process gives the teacher the insight on how it is going. Are the students understanding? Do they need more clarification or the instruction in a different medium to understand? The formative assessment stage is the prime time to look for any barriers within students and find a way to overcome them so students can reach mastery. The summative assessment is the model that was used alone in most traditional past classrooms. It is the end of unit test. While the summative is still used, the difference is that when the pre and formative assessment are used, the summative becomes more meaningful as the students have already had the individualized instruction they need. My principal once told an exampl ...
Webinar: Assessing to Inform Teaching and Learning: A Guide for LeadersDreamBox Learning
School and district-wide use of classroom-based formative assessment is an essential part of informing teacher planning and instruction, as well as meaningful student achievement. In this webinar, Francis (Skip) Fennell, L. Stanley Bowlsbey Professor of Education and Graduate and Professional Studies Emeritus, McDaniel College, shares a framework for school and district-based leaders to develop elements of leadership while establishing a grade-level or school-based learning community focusing on everyday use of formative assessment.
Topics include:
• Assessment literacy and the use of particular tools to guide and monitor the use of the formative assessment techniques presented
• How ongoing, everyday use of the “Formative 5” intersects with summative assessment data and frame assessment decisions
• A leadership framework to guide successful implementation of the “Formative 5,” including coaching, navigating relationships, learning communities and adult learners
All school and district-based leaders, and K-12 educators are invited to watch this recorded webinar.
Guided Response Review and evaluate at least two of your peers’ djesseniasaddler
Guided Response
: Review and evaluate at least two of your peers’ discussion postings. Does the assessment choice and rationale for assessments effectively meet diverse learner needs without being biased towards language proficiency, learning style preference, or cultural background? Provide suggestions for how to collect and analyze the assessment data based on the identified assessment strategy. In addition, propose at least one solution for students whose assessment results indicate a lack of progress.
It need to be two reponds and please put the students name next to there reponds. Separate responds
Peer 1: Kimberly
Assessments are the prime discussion of most education topics in our society today. We see both positive and negative reactions to how big a role our assessments play in schools nationwide. We hear teachers, parents, community members speak of how all students are doing in school is learning how to take a test. I would argue that while assessments are a driving factor, it is the content in which it assesses that matters. The actual test is just a piece of paper with questions, but the student's ability to figure out how to answer these questions will play a large role in their success in the 21st-century workforce.
In the video it is stated, “Assessments often get a bad rap, this is because some people often believe it is good to teach to the test and not teach to the individual student (Koschmeder, 2012)”. Differentiation should play a large role in the administration of assessments. In the past, the teacher would lecture and at the end of the unit, students took a test. Regardless of whether or not they mastered the material, they were given a grade and everyone moved on the next concept. Differentiated assessments change the dynamic and defend the quote above by diving instruction to the individual student and their needs. Teachers in a differentiated classroom give students an assessment before, during and after the learning takes place. This model drives instruction by showing the teacher actually what each student needs before the learning begins. The teacher has a clear picture of what the students already know and in turn what they still need to learn. The formative assessment, which takes place during the learning process gives the teacher the insight on how it is going. Are the students understanding? Do they need more clarification or the instruction in a different medium to understand? The formative assessment stage is the prime time to look for any barriers within students and find a way to overcome them so students can reach mastery. The summative assessment is the model that was used alone in most traditional past classrooms. It is the end of unit test. While the summative is still used, the difference is that when the pre and formative assessment are used, the summative becomes more meaningful as the students have already had the individualized instruction they need. My principal once told an exampl ...
A course on Learning Theory and Implications for Instruction.
These slides: Try to explain how teachers raise learners' motivation. By discussing some important theories, and using different instructional techniques.
Butterfly effects for School Improvement
Changes come from the small initiative which works, initiatives which initiated, become the fashion (Charles Handy). The webinar will discuss activities and strategies which are smaller but have a larger impact on school improvement.
# Educational leadership
Each group will write a research paper on an organization of their.docxkanepbyrne80830
Each group will write a research paper on an organization of their choice 10-12 pages minimum (not including title and reference sheet). The organizational analysis will utilize a minimum of 10-12 external, peer-reviewed academic sources and contain the following sections
:
Topic:
How do you determine whether an organization is ethical or not?
(250 -300 WORDS MINIMUM)
Groups can add more ethical information about their chosen company to substantiate your paper.
List of companies( My topic should be related to facebook)
Dell
Google
Amazon
Apple
Facebook
Ford
Tesla
SouthWest Airlines
Capitol One
Uber
.
E-Poster The students will complete an E-Poster, The purpose of th.docxkanepbyrne80830
E-Poster: The students will complete an E-Poster, The purpose of the poster is to serve as a summary and an advertisement of the work that supplements the researcher's presentation. The poster could be thought of as an illustrated version of the abstract with visual displays of data and small blocks of text that explain the project and support the data. Base on Chapters 2.
.
e-mail [email protected]Effect of Heat Treatment on Some M.docxkanepbyrne80830
*e-mail: [email protected]
Effect of Heat Treatment on Some Mechanical Properties of 7075 Aluminium Alloy
Adeyemi Dayo Isadarea, Bolaji Aremob, Mosobalaje Oyebamiji Adeoyec,
Oluyemi John Olawalec*, Moshood Dehinde Shittuc
aPrototype Engineering Development Institute Ilesa, Nigeria
bCentre for Energy Research and Development, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
cDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Received: April 14, 2012; Revised: September 3, 2012
This paper reports the effects of annealing and age hardening heat treatments on the microstructural
morphology and mechanical properties of 7075 Al alloy. The material was cast in the form of round
cylindrical rods inside green sand mould from where some samples were rapidly cooled by early
knockout and others gradually cooled to room temperature. From the samples that were gradually
cooled some were annealed while others were age hardened. Both the as-cast in each category and
heat treated samples were subjected to some mechanical tests and the morphology of the resulting
microstructures were characterised by optical microscopy. From the results obtained there is formation
of microsegregations of MgZn
2
during gradual solidification which was not present during rapid
cooling. It was also found out that age hardening and annealing heat treatment operation eliminated
these microsegregations and improve mechanical properties of 7075 Al alloy. It is concluded that
microsegregation can be eliminated by rapid solidification and appropriate heat treatment process.
Keywords: 7075 aluminium, microsegregation, precipitation hardening, annealing, magnesium alloy,
strength
1. Introduction
Aluminium and its alloys are used in a variety of cast and
wrought forms and conditions of heat treatment. For over
70 years, it ranks next to iron and steel in the metal market.
The demand for aluminium grows rapidly because of its
unique combination of properties which makes it becomes
one of the most versatile of engineering and construction
material1-3.
The optimum properties of aluminium are achieved by
alloying additions and heat treatments. This promotes the
formation of small hard precipitates which interfere with
the motion of dislocations and improve its mechanical
properties4-7. One of the most commonly used aluminium
alloy for structural applications is 7075 Al alloy due to its
attractive comprehensive properties such as low density, high
strength, ductility, toughness and resistance to fatigue8-11. It
has been extensively utilized in aircraft structural parts and
other highly stressed structural applications12-16.
But aluminium-zinc alloy as it is in 7075 Al alloy is
susceptible to embrittlement because of microsegregation
of MgZn
2
precipitates which may lead to catastrophic
failure of components produced from it17,18. The alloy is also
susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking19,20. This is .
e-mail is a major area of focus for information governance (IG) .docxkanepbyrne80830
e-mail is a major area of focus for information governance (IG) efforts, and has become the most common business software application and the backbone of business communications today. In addition, the authors provided details to support their position by providing 2013 survey results from 2,400 corporate e-mail users from a global perspective. The results indicated that two-thirds of the respondents stated that e-mail was their favorite form of business communication which surpassed not only social media but also telephone and in-person contact.
Q1: With this detail in mind,
briefly
state why the e-Mail has become a critical component for IG implementation?
.
Dysfunctional Behaviors and Related Facilitation Strategies Twelv.docxkanepbyrne80830
Dysfunctional Behaviors and Related Facilitation Strategies: Twelve Angry Men
Behavior
Actor/Evidence
Strategy Used or Suggested
Whisperer—periodically engages team member(s) in side conversations
Silent member—withdrawn; doesn’t participate
“Eager beaver” (talker/ monopolizer)—always has something to say
Heckler/complainer— combative; tells team members why what they’re working on will never work
Sidetracker—dicusses items not on the agenda
Fighter—picks a “fight” and/or argues with another team member
“Stand pat”—won’t budge; hostile; unwilling to look at situation from others’ perspective; often prejudiced
Verbal stumbler—unable to express self clearly
Early leaver—announces they must leave for another activity
Five Stages of Negotiating
All negotiations are different. Simple negotiations, such as choosing which movie to rent, need not require an extensive negotiation process. However, when negotiations involve significant or complex issues, you should consider using the five-stage process model
Negotiating consists of five stages: (1) preparation and planning, (2) defining ground rules, (3) clarifying and justifying your case, (4) bargaining and problem solving, and (5) closure and implementation.
These stages are described below. 1. Preparation and planning. Without question, preparation and planning are the keys to successful deal making. While some may think they can negotiate effectively “on the fly,” all negotiators benefit from thorough advance thought and preparation. Be clear about what you want and why. Gather data to support your position. Consider ways to present your arguments persuasively. Consider what the other party wants and why.
2. Definition of ground rules. Determining your own guidelines or rules for the negotiation helps you plan a strategy that can be successful. Establish who will or should be present and at what part of the negotiation. Decide where the meeting will be held and offer a possible agenda for how the time will be allocated and for which issues. The location has implications in terms of who’s in charge. While there may be a benefit to having the negotiation at your office—the home court advantage—agreeing to have the negotiation at the other party’s office might show flexibility and willingness to negotiate on your part. When the topic covered is potentially divisive or difficult, a neutral location might help level the playing field for both parties—an important consideration when an integrative solution is desired.
3. Clarification and justification. As the negotiation begins, state what you want and why. A key issue here is the difference between positions and interests. A position is a stance—typically a firm one—taken by a negotiator. “I’ll give you $4,500 and that’s my final offer.” An interest is the explanation behind the position, need, or desire that expresses why a negotiator wants what he or she wants. “I’m asking for $5,000 because the car has low miles, an u.
Dylan Rodríguez ends his essay with the following questionsHo.docxkanepbyrne80830
Dylan Rodríguez ends his essay with the following questions:
How has the state-structured influx of Asian and Pacific Rim migrant populations, and the subsequent emergence of contemporary Asian American communities, helped to further displace criminalized Black and Brown populations and amplify what Marable calls the ‘‘subtle apocalypse’’ of mass-based civic death?
How might the 1965 Immigration Act be re-narrated such that it is understood less as an ambivalent emblem of opportunity, liberal democracy, and freedom, and more as a fundamental facet of an American movement toward new forms of mass-based captivity and bodily immobilization, that is, as the harbinger of new forms of ‘‘unfreedom’’ as primary modes of social organization under the logic of white supremacist global capital?
Will it be possible to muster the intellectual creativity and political will to articulate a rupturing critique of the field’s operative structural, political, and theoretical assumptions, in order to develop a radical critique of the prison industrial complex that may fundamentally alter Asian American Studies (and Ethnic Studies) as attempted practices of social transformation?
Choose one of these questions, and give a preliminary answer. Do not worry if your answer is incomplete. It will be. That is fine. Do your best.
.
E D U C AT I O NStudy Theology, Even If You Dont Believe .docxkanepbyrne80830
E D U C AT I O N
Study Theology, Even If You Don't Believe in
God
The Evangelist St. Matthew with his symbol, the angel (THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF THE NETHERLANDS / WIKIMEDIA
COMMONS)
When I first told my mother—a liberal, secular New Yorker—that I wanted to cross
an ocean to study for a bachelor’s degree in theology, she was equal parts aghast
and concerned. Was I going to become a nun, she asked in horror, or else one of
“those” wingnuts who picketed outside abortion clinics? Was I going to spend
hours in the Bodleian Library agonizing over the number of angels that could fit on
the head of a pin? Theology, she insisted, was a subject by the devout, for the
devout; it had no place in a typical liberal arts education.
Her view of the study of theology is far from uncommon. While elite universities
like Harvard and Yale offer vocational courses at their divinity schools, and nearly
all universities offer undergraduate majors in the comparative study of religions,
few schools (with the exceptions of historically Catholic institutions like
This lost liberal art encourages scholars to understand history from the inside
out.
TA R A I SA B E L L A B U RTO N OCT 30, 2013
https://www.theatlantic.com/education/
https://www.theatlantic.com/author/tara-isabella-burton/
Georgetown and Boston College) offer theology as a major, let alone mandate
courses in theology alongside other “core” liberal arts subjects like English or
history. Indeed, the study of theology has often run afoul of the legal separation of
church and state. Thirty-seven U.S. states have laws limiting the spending of public
funds on religious training. In 2006, the Supreme Court case Locke v. Davey upheld
the decision of a Washington State scholarship program to withhold promised
funding from an otherwise qualified student after learning that he had decided to
major in theology at a local Bible College.
Even in the United Kingdom, where secular bachelor's programs in theology are
more common, prominent New Atheists like Richard Dawkins have questioned
their validity in the university sphere. In a 2007 letter to the editor of The
Independent, Dawkins argues for the abolishment of theology in academia,
insisting that “a positive case now needs to be made that [theology] has any real
content at all, or that it has any place whatsoever in today's university culture.”
Such a shift, of course, is relatively recent in the history of secondary education.
Several of the great Medieval universities, among them Oxford, Bologna, and
Paris, developed in large part as training grounds for men of the Church. Theology,
far from being anathema to the academic life, was indeed its central purpose: It
was the “Queen of the Sciences” the field of inquiry which gave meaning to all
others. So, too, several of the great American universities. Harvard, Yale, and
Princeton alike were founded with the express purpose of teaching theology—one
early anonymous account of Harvard's founding speaks of Joh.
E V I D E N C E S Y N T H E S I SModels of care in nursing.docxkanepbyrne80830
E V I D E N C E S Y N T H E S I S
Models of care in nursing: a systematic reviewjbr_287 324..337
Ritin Fernandez RN MN (Critical Care) PhD,1,2 Maree Johnson RN BAppSci MAppSci PhD,3,4
Duong Thuy Tran BMed (Vietnam) MIPH (USyd)5 and Charmaine Miranda BPsycholgy6
1School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2Centre for Research in Nursing and
Health, St George Hospital, Kogarah, 3Centre for Applied Nursing Research, Sydney South West Area Health Service, 4School of Nursing
and Midwifery, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, 5School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, and 6Centre for Positive
Psychology and Education, School of Education, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Abstract
Objective This review investigated the effect of the various models of nursing care delivery using the diverse levels
of nurses on patient and nursing outcomes.
Methods All published studies that investigated patient and nursing outcomes were considered. Studies were
included if the nursing delivery models only included nurses with varying skill levels. A literature search was
performed using the following databases: Medline (1985–2011), CINAHL (1985–2011), EMBASE (1985 to current)
and the Cochrane Controlled Studies Register (Issue 3, 2011 of Cochrane Library). In addition, the reference lists of
relevant studies and conference proceedings were also scrutinised. Two reviewers independently assessed the
eligibility of the studies for inclusion in the review, the methodological quality and extracted details of eligible studies.
Data were analysed using the RevMan software (Nordic Cochrane Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark).
Results Fourteen studies were included in this review. The results reveal that implementation of the team nursing
model of care resulted in significantly decreased incidence of medication errors and adverse intravenous outcomes,
as well as lower pain scores among patients; however, there was no effect of this model of care on the incidence of
falls. Wards that used a hybrid model demonstrated significant improvement in quality of patient care, but no
difference in incidence of pressure areas or infection rates. There were no significant differences in nursing outcomes
relating to role clarity, job satisfaction and nurse absenteeism rates between any of the models of care.
Conclusions Based on the available evidence, a predominance of team nursing within the comparisons is
suggestive of its popularity. Patient outcomes, nurse satisfaction, absenteeism and role clarity/confusion did not differ
across model comparisons. Little benefit was found within primary nursing comparisons and the cost effectiveness
of team nursing over other models remains debatable. Nonetheless, team nursing does present a better model for
inexperienced staff to develop, a key aspect in units where skill mix or experience is diverse.
Key words: evidence-based practice, nursing, systemat.
DuringWeek 5, we studied social stratification and how it influe.docxkanepbyrne80830
During
Week 5, we studied social stratification and how it influences what goes on in many social interactions among people. After you have read the reading assignment and lecture for this week, please respond to all parts of the discussion by the due date assigned:
What are some of the factors that affect social mobility? Can these be overcome?
Do you believe the structural-functionalist or the social conflict approach best explains social stratification? Why?
How does the media reflect attitudes on gender as far as depicting women and men in very traditional roles? Provide two detailed examples that substantiate your points—these can be an advertisement, television show, website, or magazine.
When you think of various groups (race, class, and gender) in society, which ones have the most power and which ones have the least? Using Intersection Theory, identify two groups that have unequal amounts of power and resources, being specific and using the text and outside resources. For each group, has the power dynamic changed over time? Do you think it will change in the future? Why or why not?
.
During Week Two the focus is on strategic leadership and managing th.docxkanepbyrne80830
During Week Two the focus is on strategic leadership and managing the strategy process. Use the concepts from Chapter 2 to respond to the discussion question below.
1) Post your initial respond to the discussion question by January 27, 2021.
Discussion question:
Read the Facebook scenario (ChapterCase 2) at the end of Chapter 2. Discuss whether the CEO and COO of Facebook are effective strategic leaders. Why or why not? What implications might this have on stakeholders?
Your response to the discussion question should be at least 250 words in length and contain at least one citation (not Wikipedia or dictionaries) from the course textbook, supplemental reading or video sources, or peer reviewed sources using the ADP library or Google (ADP Library, Google Scholar). Citations of 40 or more words are not acceptable as they represent a significant amount of an author's thoughts and/or perspectives rather than your own originality.
.
During Week 2, much focus is placed on various strategic thinking mo.docxkanepbyrne80830
During Week 2, much focus is placed on various strategic thinking models and the impact upon the overall organizational strategic process. Now that you have a broad knowledge of your chosen organization, it is time to dig a bit deeper into the structure and the process by which decisions are made within the company. Define the specific organizational design and the governance structure of the chosen company. Support your choices with specific examples and research.
During Week 1, you researched and identified a specific problem or challenge the organization is experiencing. Describe the challenge and explain why it is a problem for the organization. Include how the problem is or has the potential to affect the strategies of the company. Be specific and support your findings.
Section 2 of the paper must have at a minimum two full pages of content (excluding the cover and reference pages). You must include at a minimum two scholarly resources (in addition to the text) that support specific strategies used to prepare the paper. Wikipedia is not a qualified resource.
\
document for additional guidance. Include the text as a scholarly resource to support theory and concepts related to strategy. During the construction of Section 2, be specific and refrain from assumption.
.
During this time when the Internet provides essential communicat.docxkanepbyrne80830
During this time when the Internet provides essential communication between literally billions of people and is used as a tool for commerce, social interaction, and the exchange of an increasing amount of personal information, security has become a tremendously important issue for every user to deal with.
There are many aspects to security and many applications, ranging from secure commerce and payments to private communications and protecting health care information. One essential aspect for secure communications is that of cryptography. But it is important to note that while cryptography is necessary for secure communications, it is not by itself sufficient.
please
describe the hashing security mechanism
and its relationship to the encryption mechanism. Kindly write 350 words and add references at the end.
.
During this second week, you explored the knowledge base and his.docxkanepbyrne80830
During this second week, you explored the knowledge base and history of social work. We have examined specific social work professions as well as the great strides social workers have made in the U.S. with helping individuals, thus making a difference nationally.
For your assignment this week, identify three influential figures in social work – one person of color, one female, and one of your choice. Briefly, describe their accomplishments and their contributions to the social work knowledge base.
Next, select one of the three and discuss how this individual might approach the social issue/problem you identified in Week 1. If possible or appropriate, include an example that illustrates how this individual might address the problem.
Support your assignment with at least three scholarly resources. In addition to these specified resources, other appropriate scholarly resources, including seminal articles, may be included.
Length: 2-3 pages, not including title and reference pages
.
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Butterfly effects for School Improvement
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# Educational leadership
Similar to DUE IN 48 HOURS - 14 PEER RESPONSES Each set of 2 responses has .docx (8)
Each group will write a research paper on an organization of their.docxkanepbyrne80830
Each group will write a research paper on an organization of their choice 10-12 pages minimum (not including title and reference sheet). The organizational analysis will utilize a minimum of 10-12 external, peer-reviewed academic sources and contain the following sections
:
Topic:
How do you determine whether an organization is ethical or not?
(250 -300 WORDS MINIMUM)
Groups can add more ethical information about their chosen company to substantiate your paper.
List of companies( My topic should be related to facebook)
Dell
Google
Amazon
Apple
Facebook
Ford
Tesla
SouthWest Airlines
Capitol One
Uber
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E-Poster: The students will complete an E-Poster, The purpose of the poster is to serve as a summary and an advertisement of the work that supplements the researcher's presentation. The poster could be thought of as an illustrated version of the abstract with visual displays of data and small blocks of text that explain the project and support the data. Base on Chapters 2.
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e-mail [email protected]Effect of Heat Treatment on Some M.docxkanepbyrne80830
*e-mail: [email protected]
Effect of Heat Treatment on Some Mechanical Properties of 7075 Aluminium Alloy
Adeyemi Dayo Isadarea, Bolaji Aremob, Mosobalaje Oyebamiji Adeoyec,
Oluyemi John Olawalec*, Moshood Dehinde Shittuc
aPrototype Engineering Development Institute Ilesa, Nigeria
bCentre for Energy Research and Development, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
cDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Received: April 14, 2012; Revised: September 3, 2012
This paper reports the effects of annealing and age hardening heat treatments on the microstructural
morphology and mechanical properties of 7075 Al alloy. The material was cast in the form of round
cylindrical rods inside green sand mould from where some samples were rapidly cooled by early
knockout and others gradually cooled to room temperature. From the samples that were gradually
cooled some were annealed while others were age hardened. Both the as-cast in each category and
heat treated samples were subjected to some mechanical tests and the morphology of the resulting
microstructures were characterised by optical microscopy. From the results obtained there is formation
of microsegregations of MgZn
2
during gradual solidification which was not present during rapid
cooling. It was also found out that age hardening and annealing heat treatment operation eliminated
these microsegregations and improve mechanical properties of 7075 Al alloy. It is concluded that
microsegregation can be eliminated by rapid solidification and appropriate heat treatment process.
Keywords: 7075 aluminium, microsegregation, precipitation hardening, annealing, magnesium alloy,
strength
1. Introduction
Aluminium and its alloys are used in a variety of cast and
wrought forms and conditions of heat treatment. For over
70 years, it ranks next to iron and steel in the metal market.
The demand for aluminium grows rapidly because of its
unique combination of properties which makes it becomes
one of the most versatile of engineering and construction
material1-3.
The optimum properties of aluminium are achieved by
alloying additions and heat treatments. This promotes the
formation of small hard precipitates which interfere with
the motion of dislocations and improve its mechanical
properties4-7. One of the most commonly used aluminium
alloy for structural applications is 7075 Al alloy due to its
attractive comprehensive properties such as low density, high
strength, ductility, toughness and resistance to fatigue8-11. It
has been extensively utilized in aircraft structural parts and
other highly stressed structural applications12-16.
But aluminium-zinc alloy as it is in 7075 Al alloy is
susceptible to embrittlement because of microsegregation
of MgZn
2
precipitates which may lead to catastrophic
failure of components produced from it17,18. The alloy is also
susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking19,20. This is .
e-mail is a major area of focus for information governance (IG) .docxkanepbyrne80830
e-mail is a major area of focus for information governance (IG) efforts, and has become the most common business software application and the backbone of business communications today. In addition, the authors provided details to support their position by providing 2013 survey results from 2,400 corporate e-mail users from a global perspective. The results indicated that two-thirds of the respondents stated that e-mail was their favorite form of business communication which surpassed not only social media but also telephone and in-person contact.
Q1: With this detail in mind,
briefly
state why the e-Mail has become a critical component for IG implementation?
.
Dysfunctional Behaviors and Related Facilitation Strategies Twelv.docxkanepbyrne80830
Dysfunctional Behaviors and Related Facilitation Strategies: Twelve Angry Men
Behavior
Actor/Evidence
Strategy Used or Suggested
Whisperer—periodically engages team member(s) in side conversations
Silent member—withdrawn; doesn’t participate
“Eager beaver” (talker/ monopolizer)—always has something to say
Heckler/complainer— combative; tells team members why what they’re working on will never work
Sidetracker—dicusses items not on the agenda
Fighter—picks a “fight” and/or argues with another team member
“Stand pat”—won’t budge; hostile; unwilling to look at situation from others’ perspective; often prejudiced
Verbal stumbler—unable to express self clearly
Early leaver—announces they must leave for another activity
Five Stages of Negotiating
All negotiations are different. Simple negotiations, such as choosing which movie to rent, need not require an extensive negotiation process. However, when negotiations involve significant or complex issues, you should consider using the five-stage process model
Negotiating consists of five stages: (1) preparation and planning, (2) defining ground rules, (3) clarifying and justifying your case, (4) bargaining and problem solving, and (5) closure and implementation.
These stages are described below. 1. Preparation and planning. Without question, preparation and planning are the keys to successful deal making. While some may think they can negotiate effectively “on the fly,” all negotiators benefit from thorough advance thought and preparation. Be clear about what you want and why. Gather data to support your position. Consider ways to present your arguments persuasively. Consider what the other party wants and why.
2. Definition of ground rules. Determining your own guidelines or rules for the negotiation helps you plan a strategy that can be successful. Establish who will or should be present and at what part of the negotiation. Decide where the meeting will be held and offer a possible agenda for how the time will be allocated and for which issues. The location has implications in terms of who’s in charge. While there may be a benefit to having the negotiation at your office—the home court advantage—agreeing to have the negotiation at the other party’s office might show flexibility and willingness to negotiate on your part. When the topic covered is potentially divisive or difficult, a neutral location might help level the playing field for both parties—an important consideration when an integrative solution is desired.
3. Clarification and justification. As the negotiation begins, state what you want and why. A key issue here is the difference between positions and interests. A position is a stance—typically a firm one—taken by a negotiator. “I’ll give you $4,500 and that’s my final offer.” An interest is the explanation behind the position, need, or desire that expresses why a negotiator wants what he or she wants. “I’m asking for $5,000 because the car has low miles, an u.
Dylan Rodríguez ends his essay with the following questionsHo.docxkanepbyrne80830
Dylan Rodríguez ends his essay with the following questions:
How has the state-structured influx of Asian and Pacific Rim migrant populations, and the subsequent emergence of contemporary Asian American communities, helped to further displace criminalized Black and Brown populations and amplify what Marable calls the ‘‘subtle apocalypse’’ of mass-based civic death?
How might the 1965 Immigration Act be re-narrated such that it is understood less as an ambivalent emblem of opportunity, liberal democracy, and freedom, and more as a fundamental facet of an American movement toward new forms of mass-based captivity and bodily immobilization, that is, as the harbinger of new forms of ‘‘unfreedom’’ as primary modes of social organization under the logic of white supremacist global capital?
Will it be possible to muster the intellectual creativity and political will to articulate a rupturing critique of the field’s operative structural, political, and theoretical assumptions, in order to develop a radical critique of the prison industrial complex that may fundamentally alter Asian American Studies (and Ethnic Studies) as attempted practices of social transformation?
Choose one of these questions, and give a preliminary answer. Do not worry if your answer is incomplete. It will be. That is fine. Do your best.
.
E D U C AT I O NStudy Theology, Even If You Dont Believe .docxkanepbyrne80830
E D U C AT I O N
Study Theology, Even If You Don't Believe in
God
The Evangelist St. Matthew with his symbol, the angel (THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF THE NETHERLANDS / WIKIMEDIA
COMMONS)
When I first told my mother—a liberal, secular New Yorker—that I wanted to cross
an ocean to study for a bachelor’s degree in theology, she was equal parts aghast
and concerned. Was I going to become a nun, she asked in horror, or else one of
“those” wingnuts who picketed outside abortion clinics? Was I going to spend
hours in the Bodleian Library agonizing over the number of angels that could fit on
the head of a pin? Theology, she insisted, was a subject by the devout, for the
devout; it had no place in a typical liberal arts education.
Her view of the study of theology is far from uncommon. While elite universities
like Harvard and Yale offer vocational courses at their divinity schools, and nearly
all universities offer undergraduate majors in the comparative study of religions,
few schools (with the exceptions of historically Catholic institutions like
This lost liberal art encourages scholars to understand history from the inside
out.
TA R A I SA B E L L A B U RTO N OCT 30, 2013
https://www.theatlantic.com/education/
https://www.theatlantic.com/author/tara-isabella-burton/
Georgetown and Boston College) offer theology as a major, let alone mandate
courses in theology alongside other “core” liberal arts subjects like English or
history. Indeed, the study of theology has often run afoul of the legal separation of
church and state. Thirty-seven U.S. states have laws limiting the spending of public
funds on religious training. In 2006, the Supreme Court case Locke v. Davey upheld
the decision of a Washington State scholarship program to withhold promised
funding from an otherwise qualified student after learning that he had decided to
major in theology at a local Bible College.
Even in the United Kingdom, where secular bachelor's programs in theology are
more common, prominent New Atheists like Richard Dawkins have questioned
their validity in the university sphere. In a 2007 letter to the editor of The
Independent, Dawkins argues for the abolishment of theology in academia,
insisting that “a positive case now needs to be made that [theology] has any real
content at all, or that it has any place whatsoever in today's university culture.”
Such a shift, of course, is relatively recent in the history of secondary education.
Several of the great Medieval universities, among them Oxford, Bologna, and
Paris, developed in large part as training grounds for men of the Church. Theology,
far from being anathema to the academic life, was indeed its central purpose: It
was the “Queen of the Sciences” the field of inquiry which gave meaning to all
others. So, too, several of the great American universities. Harvard, Yale, and
Princeton alike were founded with the express purpose of teaching theology—one
early anonymous account of Harvard's founding speaks of Joh.
E V I D E N C E S Y N T H E S I SModels of care in nursing.docxkanepbyrne80830
E V I D E N C E S Y N T H E S I S
Models of care in nursing: a systematic reviewjbr_287 324..337
Ritin Fernandez RN MN (Critical Care) PhD,1,2 Maree Johnson RN BAppSci MAppSci PhD,3,4
Duong Thuy Tran BMed (Vietnam) MIPH (USyd)5 and Charmaine Miranda BPsycholgy6
1School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2Centre for Research in Nursing and
Health, St George Hospital, Kogarah, 3Centre for Applied Nursing Research, Sydney South West Area Health Service, 4School of Nursing
and Midwifery, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, 5School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, and 6Centre for Positive
Psychology and Education, School of Education, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Abstract
Objective This review investigated the effect of the various models of nursing care delivery using the diverse levels
of nurses on patient and nursing outcomes.
Methods All published studies that investigated patient and nursing outcomes were considered. Studies were
included if the nursing delivery models only included nurses with varying skill levels. A literature search was
performed using the following databases: Medline (1985–2011), CINAHL (1985–2011), EMBASE (1985 to current)
and the Cochrane Controlled Studies Register (Issue 3, 2011 of Cochrane Library). In addition, the reference lists of
relevant studies and conference proceedings were also scrutinised. Two reviewers independently assessed the
eligibility of the studies for inclusion in the review, the methodological quality and extracted details of eligible studies.
Data were analysed using the RevMan software (Nordic Cochrane Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark).
Results Fourteen studies were included in this review. The results reveal that implementation of the team nursing
model of care resulted in significantly decreased incidence of medication errors and adverse intravenous outcomes,
as well as lower pain scores among patients; however, there was no effect of this model of care on the incidence of
falls. Wards that used a hybrid model demonstrated significant improvement in quality of patient care, but no
difference in incidence of pressure areas or infection rates. There were no significant differences in nursing outcomes
relating to role clarity, job satisfaction and nurse absenteeism rates between any of the models of care.
Conclusions Based on the available evidence, a predominance of team nursing within the comparisons is
suggestive of its popularity. Patient outcomes, nurse satisfaction, absenteeism and role clarity/confusion did not differ
across model comparisons. Little benefit was found within primary nursing comparisons and the cost effectiveness
of team nursing over other models remains debatable. Nonetheless, team nursing does present a better model for
inexperienced staff to develop, a key aspect in units where skill mix or experience is diverse.
Key words: evidence-based practice, nursing, systemat.
DuringWeek 5, we studied social stratification and how it influe.docxkanepbyrne80830
During
Week 5, we studied social stratification and how it influences what goes on in many social interactions among people. After you have read the reading assignment and lecture for this week, please respond to all parts of the discussion by the due date assigned:
What are some of the factors that affect social mobility? Can these be overcome?
Do you believe the structural-functionalist or the social conflict approach best explains social stratification? Why?
How does the media reflect attitudes on gender as far as depicting women and men in very traditional roles? Provide two detailed examples that substantiate your points—these can be an advertisement, television show, website, or magazine.
When you think of various groups (race, class, and gender) in society, which ones have the most power and which ones have the least? Using Intersection Theory, identify two groups that have unequal amounts of power and resources, being specific and using the text and outside resources. For each group, has the power dynamic changed over time? Do you think it will change in the future? Why or why not?
.
During Week Two the focus is on strategic leadership and managing th.docxkanepbyrne80830
During Week Two the focus is on strategic leadership and managing the strategy process. Use the concepts from Chapter 2 to respond to the discussion question below.
1) Post your initial respond to the discussion question by January 27, 2021.
Discussion question:
Read the Facebook scenario (ChapterCase 2) at the end of Chapter 2. Discuss whether the CEO and COO of Facebook are effective strategic leaders. Why or why not? What implications might this have on stakeholders?
Your response to the discussion question should be at least 250 words in length and contain at least one citation (not Wikipedia or dictionaries) from the course textbook, supplemental reading or video sources, or peer reviewed sources using the ADP library or Google (ADP Library, Google Scholar). Citations of 40 or more words are not acceptable as they represent a significant amount of an author's thoughts and/or perspectives rather than your own originality.
.
During Week 2, much focus is placed on various strategic thinking mo.docxkanepbyrne80830
During Week 2, much focus is placed on various strategic thinking models and the impact upon the overall organizational strategic process. Now that you have a broad knowledge of your chosen organization, it is time to dig a bit deeper into the structure and the process by which decisions are made within the company. Define the specific organizational design and the governance structure of the chosen company. Support your choices with specific examples and research.
During Week 1, you researched and identified a specific problem or challenge the organization is experiencing. Describe the challenge and explain why it is a problem for the organization. Include how the problem is or has the potential to affect the strategies of the company. Be specific and support your findings.
Section 2 of the paper must have at a minimum two full pages of content (excluding the cover and reference pages). You must include at a minimum two scholarly resources (in addition to the text) that support specific strategies used to prepare the paper. Wikipedia is not a qualified resource.
\
document for additional guidance. Include the text as a scholarly resource to support theory and concepts related to strategy. During the construction of Section 2, be specific and refrain from assumption.
.
During this time when the Internet provides essential communicat.docxkanepbyrne80830
During this time when the Internet provides essential communication between literally billions of people and is used as a tool for commerce, social interaction, and the exchange of an increasing amount of personal information, security has become a tremendously important issue for every user to deal with.
There are many aspects to security and many applications, ranging from secure commerce and payments to private communications and protecting health care information. One essential aspect for secure communications is that of cryptography. But it is important to note that while cryptography is necessary for secure communications, it is not by itself sufficient.
please
describe the hashing security mechanism
and its relationship to the encryption mechanism. Kindly write 350 words and add references at the end.
.
During this second week, you explored the knowledge base and his.docxkanepbyrne80830
During this second week, you explored the knowledge base and history of social work. We have examined specific social work professions as well as the great strides social workers have made in the U.S. with helping individuals, thus making a difference nationally.
For your assignment this week, identify three influential figures in social work – one person of color, one female, and one of your choice. Briefly, describe their accomplishments and their contributions to the social work knowledge base.
Next, select one of the three and discuss how this individual might approach the social issue/problem you identified in Week 1. If possible or appropriate, include an example that illustrates how this individual might address the problem.
Support your assignment with at least three scholarly resources. In addition to these specified resources, other appropriate scholarly resources, including seminal articles, may be included.
Length: 2-3 pages, not including title and reference pages
.
during the period from 1492 to 1700 french activity in the amer4ica.docxkanepbyrne80830
during the period from 1492 to 1700 french activity in the amer4ica was primarly directed toward a establishing trade with american indians b. using american indian settlmens for gold And silver c. conquering spanish and english colonies d encouraging the growth of permanent settlements e. discovering a new route to aasia
.
During the previous 30 years, the airline industry has experienced m.docxkanepbyrne80830
During the previous 30 years, the airline industry has experienced many mergers and bankruptcies.
For this discussion, provide at least one specific example of an operational change that occurred as the result on an airline merger or acquisition. Possible sources include
Securities and Exchange Commission (Links to an external site.)
filings, airline websites, biographies, NTSB reports, etc.
APA format applies to references and citations (Approximately 250 words)
.
During the semester you should record environmental events weather .docxkanepbyrne80830
During the semester you should record environmental events: weather events (heavy rain, drought, winds, freezes), earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, floods and coastal inundation, tsunami events (seismic waves), biodiversity issues and species extinctions, landslides, record icebergs, Antarctic ice-shelf disintegration, stratospheric ozone updates, air pollution occurrences, or other significant events related to the physical elements of the environment.
Your event log must include at least twelve events. Your log must include the date the event happened, the source from which you found the information, the type of event it is, and a brief paragraph about the event. Your list of events must be typed and put in chronological order.
You can use print media (newspapers, magazines, newsletters) or the internet as a source of information for learning about the latest occurrences. If you choose to use internet sources they
must
be legitimate news sources, not somebody’s blog.
The purpose of this exercise to show you how much of physical geography is actually occurring out there in the “real world”. Only record events that occurred this year – do not record events that happened in prior years.
Example
Date: September 24th
Source: Los Angeles Times
Event: Air Pollution
San Pedro is one of the busiest ports in the United States. Environmental justice activists are gaining influence, taking on the San Pedro Bay ports over contamination of the neighborhoods along transportation corridors. Soot and nitrogen oxides from ships, trains, and trucks are linked to asthma, cancer, and heart disease. Last year, 5,339 ships docked at the two ports. The new rules are forcing ships to switch to low-sulfur fuel within 24 miles of the coast and to plug into electrical outlets while they are docked. The ports pledge to cut pollution by 45% by 2012.
.
During the period 1350 to 1607, numerous changes in thought were occ.docxkanepbyrne80830
During the period 1350 to 1607, numerous changes in thought were occurring across Europe.
Your context should describe the philosophies that were most popular in Europe prior to 1350.
● Your thesis statement should provide a list of three new ways of thinking that developed between 1350
to 1607.
● The skill you are using is still causation , so you will be explaining how the new way of thinking caused a
change in Europe (or in places where Europeans were living and interacting).
● The end result of your essay will still be a five-paragraph essay.
● The final paragraph will still describe the effect that these new ways of thinking had on Europe.
.
During the mid 18th Century, English colonists appealed to the met.docxkanepbyrne80830
During the mid 18th Century, English colonists appealed to the metropole for redress of various grievances. In this essay, I want you to consider the ethics and civics of those seeking change (later known to us as the Patriots). Who were these Patriots? What methods did they use to further their goals through civic engagement? What ethical considerations did they take into account in seeking redress of their grievances? Did the new United States (under either the Articles or Constitution) address their grievances?
.
During the 1930s, much of the world seemed to give up on their h.docxkanepbyrne80830
During the 1930s, much of the world seemed to give up on their hope for a democratic solution to their problems and instead turned to totalitarianism, both in Europe and in select and address
one
of the following:
Address one of the following
USSR/Stalin
Japan/Tojo
Address the following questions for your selection:
What effects did the history, politics, and economies of those areas play in their decisions to turn to totalitarianism?
What role did the Great Depression in the United States play in their plight?
include in-text citation and apa format
.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
DUE IN 48 HOURS - 14 PEER RESPONSES Each set of 2 responses has .docx
1. DUE IN 48 HOURS - 14 PEER RESPONSES
Each set of 2 responses has its own instructions:
Respond substantively to a minimum of two of your peers
BOTH POSTS FOR THESE RESPONSES ARE ATTACHED AS
POWERPOINTS..
TAMMY’S POST AND SHEMAIAH’S POST
Respond to at least two classmates’ postings.
ROSEMARY’S POST:
Help Ingrid to understand how the district’s CFA can assist her
instructional efforts. Given her current second-quarter goals,
offer one suggestion for an appropriate formative assessment
strategy in Language Arts and Math.
The tricky thing would be spending time on a lesson while
having students understand the material. However, more than
half may fail or barely pass on the assessments. As a new
teacher, I know that she may feel a little bit more pressure.
Mentoring Ingrid includes explaining to her that Common
Formative Assessments (CFAs) are provided to the students
multiple times a year for several reasons. One of the main
reasons would be to ensure that every student in the classroom
is at the same level. This means that she will know if a student
is falling behind or working ahead of the other students,
meaning they may need more attention. Another reason would
be a perpetual configuration of the classroom, school, and
district assessments to prepare students better for success on the
2. state assessments, according to Ainsworth (2008). Basically,
she could do a practice test for the state assessment at the end
of the year. Ingrid would ensure all her students will pass since
she knows what needs to be worked on to prepare them for
testing. One formative assessment strategy for Language Arts
and Math would be to set daily assessments such as one or two
questions on the material being taught. This way, she knows
who is grasping the material and where they may be lost.
According to Hansen (2015), for math, the assessment will
include adding, subtracting, and multiplying fractions, dividing
a whole number by a fraction, and estimating.
What advice would you give Melanie for developing
assessments for learning that encourage and bring smiles to her
kindergartners?
The advice that I can give Melanie is that every kid loves
playing games. My favorite thing about students in kindergarten
is that they have the wildest or craziest imaginations ever. I
would use those towards any assessment because she could ask
them what they think the number one looks like. She can have
them draw what the number looks like to them. I would also tell
her not to give up on helping them learn because within the first
5-6 years of anyone’s life is where we will learn the most.
Discuss how and why formative assessment is considered an
evaluation for learning and why summative assessments are
considered assessments of learning. What advice would you
give these teachers to help them evaluate the advantages of
each?
Formative assessments refer to various methods that teachers
use to conduct in-process evaluations of student comprehension,
learning needs, and academic progress during a lesson, unit, or
course. Formative assessments help teachers identify concepts
that students are struggling to understand, skills they are having
3. difficulty acquiring, or learning standards they have not yet
achieved to make adjustments to lessons, instructional
techniques, and academic support. The general goal of
formative assessment is to collect detailed information that can
be used to improve instruction and student learning while it’s
happening. What makes an assessment “formative” is not the
design of a test, technique, or self-evaluation, per se, but the
way it is used—i.e., to inform in-process teaching and learning
modifications (Great Schools Partnership, 2014).
My best advice to the teachers is that these assessments are
essential because they help the teacher set up a lesson plan that
will help students become successful during the lesson.
References:
Great Schools Partnerships. (2014). Formative Assessment.
Retrieved from
https://www.edglossary.org/formative-assessment/ (Links to an
external site.)
Hansen, C.B., Buczynski, S., & Puckett, K.S. (2015).
Curriculum and instruction for the 21st century [Electronic
Version]. Retrieved from
https://content.ashford.edu/
DESIREE’S POST:
Help Ingrid to understand how the district’s CFA can assist her
instructional efforts. Given her current second-quarter goals,
offer one suggestion for an appropriate formative assessment
strategy in Language Arts and in Math.
Ingrid can use the feedback from the scores on how students are
doing and where they need to improve. With those results as an
educator it will show were your strong areas of teaching are and
4. where as an educator there needs to be improvements. Ingrid
can use the backwards planning process by putting the end
results in place and goals that need to be met for the students to
be ready for the CFA's that are given (Hansen, Buczynski &
Puckett, 2015, Section 4.1).
What advice would you give Melanie for developing
assessments for learning that encourage and bring smiles to her
kindergartners?
Melanie can still use her current methods just add more
interactive fun material to her assessment process. Melanie
could use student conferences where she can take time with a
handful of students daily when doing her CFA's. After getting
results she can set goals for each child based on prior test
results to get students where they need to be. Melanie could
include other things like a white board to draw answers on
interactive material that must be used. Allowing more
interaction and hands on can help the kindergarten age group
stay focused. (Hansen, Buczynski & Puckett, 2015, Section 5.2)
From my experience with assessments I have put together a
binder with all the essential material that my students should
know by the end of the school year. I collaborate with my other
preschool teacher where I am employed so that we are on the
same page with what our students should know when
transitioning from one classroom to another. We do quarterly
assessments to see the progress and see the areas that still need
to be focused on.
Discuss how and why formative assessment is considered
assessment for learning, and why summative assessments are
considered assessment of learning. What advice would you give
these teachers to help them consider the
advantages
of each?
5. According to our text formative assessments are the most
powerful assessments for improving student understanding and
performance. Formative assessments are very flexible and easy
to use in all kinds of classroom settings. They are direct and
give results immediately. Summative assessments are good to
reiterate the lesson that was being taught. Using the questioning
method for this is very successful and produces critical thinking
about what was understood from a lesson. I would encourage
these teachers to do their own research on what assessment
would work best for the way that they run the classroom daily.
Both assessments allow the teachers to see where and what
needs to be improved by the students and teachers.
Sincerely,
Desiree Beck
Resources:
Hansen, C.B., Buczynski, S., & Puckett, K.S. (2015).
Curriculum and instruction for the 21st century
[Electronic Version]. Retrieved from
https://content.ashford.edu/
Respond to at least two classmates’ postings.
BRITNEY’S POST:
Answer the following questions and tell how considering these
questions helps you to connect with each of the student-centered
instructional models and why.
Question/Task
6. Student-Centered Model
Can you name any projects or inquiries that you participated in
as a student? Did they teach you any other skills besides the
particular content area?
In high school, one elective I had was a cooking class, and we
would work in groups often and cook for other classmates. We
would have to decide on the type of dish, figure out the
ingredients, and set up a presentation. I learned to follow a
recipe because any misstep can mess up the entire dish. As a
group, we needed to make sure our math skills were accurate
for measuring out ingredients. Another project I did was on a
famous landmark of the country. The teacher gave us a list of
landmarks, and we had to choose from, do research, create a
PowerPoint, and present to the class.
Create a list of several projects, problems, or inquiries that
could be used at the grade levels or content areas in which
you are preparing to teach.
I want to teach Kindergarten. Some projects I would have them
participate in are...
· Role-plays for expectations in the classroom and how we
treat others.
· Hands-on science experiments like caterpillar life cycle,
making snow, five senses.
7. · Retell a story with a group of peers or be creative and draw a
picture representing the story.
· Visual learning posters that the students help create.
· A family culture/background project
· Cooking activities
Do you have any recollection of plays, simulations, debates,
or mock trials that you participated in as a student? What
were some learning benefits you received from these
experiences?
I do not remember participating in any plays or debates in
subjects like social studies, government, or science class in
school. The teachers would mostly give lectures and take a
test. However, when we were on the topic of plays, my
English teacher let people choose a character to read. I did
like to read aloud because they brought the characters alive. I
also needed to pay attention not only when it was my turn but
also when other classmates read for the text to make sense. It
helps me now when I read to imagine what a character sounds
like, and when I read aloud to my class, I notice how I change
my voice.
When considering these questions, I realized that I did not have
many experiences where I worked in many groups throughout
my education, had mock trials or debates. It shows how far
education has come in the last 20 years. I think if I had
experienced these student-centered activities, I would have
remembered them because of the higher-order thinking,
8. researching, and collaborating with others. As a future educator,
it is important to me that I plan with student-centered activities
in mind. Students need to have those moments where they were
challenged academically, socially, and mentally to be prepared
for the demands of college and the workforce to solve any
problem.
SYDNEY’S POST:
“For students to gain these foundational skills of self-reliance,
they will need, in addition to the more teacher-directed models,
more student-centered strategies,” (Hansen, et. al., 2015, sec.
6.4). While I was a student, I remember a few projects that
stand out. One particular project was dissecting different
organs. I could never handle seeing a full dead animal, but I
was fascinated by the organs. We learned how to properly
handle organs, prepare for dissections, measuring out incisions,
how each organ worked along with special facts, and that death
is apart of the life cycle. I did not fully understand what death
meant until that point.
Although I am not aiming to become a teacher, I would teach
kindergarten if I did decide to pursue teaching as a career path.
I would like to do hands- on experiences.
· Students go outside and finding specific objects and draw
them in their diary.
· Students travel to different tables in the room to learn about
different cultures.
· “What would you do and what should you do” activity plays
where students are presented with a situation and react. Then we
go over as a class how to approach the situation. This would
include ideas on safety, bullying, and interpersonal conflicts.
9. · Fun science experiments like coke in mentos, turning an egg
translucent, invisible ink, and homemade lava lamps.
I did not participate in plays because I was too concerned with
being embarrassed if I messed up, but I really enjoyed
participating in mock projects. We were assigned roles within a
court room and had to research the role. We would do a mock
trial with attorneys making their cases. Juries deliberating, and
the teacher would be the judge to oversee the trial. We also
played a stock market game to see who would gain the most
amount of money, but the market in our class crashed and it was
determined by rolling dice to see if the bank would give us our
money back (Great Depression simulation). One of the most
impactful strategies I use to this day is a mock interview. We
learned how to build resumes, dress, and interview properly to
get a job within our classroom.
These questions would help me connect with students because I
look back onto my experiences to bring fun learning strategies
to my classroom. Those specific experience have stuck with me,
and in turn I remembered the material better. If I enjoyed them
while I was a student, I can interest other students in their
learning and get them to participate further with their
educational journey.
References
Hansen, C.B., Buczynski, S., & Puckett, K.S. (2015).
Curriculum and instruction for the 21st century
. Bridgepoint Education
Discussion
- Reader Response
HAILEY’S POST:
10. Satire has always been my favorite genre. Its use of irony and
exaggeration has always piqued my interest- especially when it
is a subtle irony in which case you have to read between the
lines to find it. My biggest weakness when it comes to writing
is that I tend to get off track or go on tangents throughout my
writing. Does anyone else have this issue? If so, how do you
keep yourself from doing it? Top of Form
DILLON’S POST:
After reading and watching the lessons of this week, I have
learned the many key components of narrative writing. The
narrative format of writing is based on events that are personal
to you. I feel that this makes it easier to write narrative essays
because you pretty much already have all the information you
need. I also learned about illustration and exemplification and
how they can play a huge role in the key components of your
essay. Other types of components you can include in your essay
are humor, irony, and satire. I also learned more this week
about the structure that you should apply in your essays. I feel
that structure and staying on topic in an essay is something I
really struggle with when writing but this weeks reading gave
me a better idea.
Discussion
- Clickbait Your Universal Theme
BRIDGET’S POST:
When I was a teenager I often stayed at my friends house. She
was the pastors daughter and lived next to the church. One
night the teenage boys decided they were gonna have a
sleepover at the church. So I stayed with my friend that night.
I guess it was sometime after midnight when we got the bright
idea to toilet paper the guys' vehicles and scare them by
knocking on the doors of the church. Maybe the knocking part
11. wasn't such a good idea, because they opened the back door and
saw us sneaking back to the house. They decided to run after
us. Did I mention there was a cemetery behind the church? So
here I am running for my life when all of sudden I'm tackled to
the ground. My scream could have woken the dead. Well, it
didn't wake the dead but it did wake the pastor and his wife!
Our punishment was almost a good ole fashioned butt whipping
but they decided to be a little lenient and instead we spent the
next day cleaning the house from top to bottom.
KYLEIGH’S POST:
This time last year, a group of friends and I were living in the
middle of Ethiopia. After not talking to our families for 3
months due to the lack of wifi, we decided to go on a hunt for
internet. After a four-hour bus drive, that felt similar to riding a
roller coaster, we finally reached this hostel. The hostel was
surrounded by canopy trees and was quite beautiful, but the
atmosphere was extremely nosy. The noises sounded like
animals, however, there was none in sight. Once we reached the
door, we were greeted by the owner of the hostel, a very kind
Ethiopian man. After informing my group of all the rules, he
said, "PS do NOT feed the monkeys." A few hours later, my
friend Mary was eating lunch, and out no where a monkey
jumped on our table. Mary then proceeded to feed the monkey
her burger. In a matter of seconds, we were surrounded by
monkeys trying to steal our food. Luckily, none of my friends
got bit, our food however was attacked. Needless to say, rules
really are meant to be followed.
Discussion
- Difficult Decision
ALYVIA’S POST:
People come in your life for certain reasons. They either stick
12. with you forever or only a certain amount of time. To be able to
have at least one best friend, consider yourself lucky. Last
month I had to let go of my best friend. Although I considered
her to be my best friend, the things she did to me does not meet
up to that title. Our parents were best friends growing up which
resulted in us becoming very close as children. We would
always attend each other's family functions and beach trips.
During the beginning of our teenage years, my best friend
moved two hours away from me. We saw each other only 3
times a year until recently. Last March she moved into her
grandma's house that was located five minutes away from me.
We spent the whole quarantine together and caught up talking
most of the time. It was great having a friend with you all the
time but it also caused a lot of fighting and drama between the
both of us. I realized who she really was while being with her
almost everyday. She made me feel very low about myself to
make herself feel better. She always considered herself right in
every conversation we had. Everything was about her and the
way she wanted to control the situation. I was tired of having to
deal with that toxic energy around me. I could not be myself
around her without her saying something rude. I eventually had
enough, I started to fade away from the friendship. I told her
how I felt and she disagreed with me. That's when I knew she
was not the type of person I wanted to be around. The
friendship opened my eyes by teaching me how selfish people
are and how they only look out for themselves. At the end of the
day, I broke the friendship off for sake of letting each one of us
grow. The future holds a lot and our friendship may be one
thing that comes around again.
KYLEIGH’S POST:
The year was 2016, it was a Tuesday. Also known as the day, I
came across the World Race Instagram page. The page
screamed, “Take a gap year to travel the world for Jesus, sign
up today!”. I was already on a hunt for adventure, and this trip
13. caught my attention. After school that day, I rushed home and
told my mom, “Mom, I think I am going to move across the
world.” She looked at me with concern, then began the
questions. What are you talking about? Who is this
organization? How will you pay for this? What about college?
How long will you be gone? These questions repeated in my
head for the next 3 years. Eventually, after much thought and
wrestle, I decided to go. In 2019, I packed all my belongings
into a backpack and joined 38 other strangers in the Atlanta
airport to start an adventure of a lifetime. Over the course of 7
months, I lived by the volcanos of Guatemala, on the plains in
Ethiopia, and ended my time overseas in a small hostel located
in the middle of Chiang Mai, Thailand. Although this decision
was impulsive, it was still the trip of a lifetime, and I have no
regrets!
Discussion
- A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to This Forum
ALYVIA’S POST:
Growing up I lived with two sisters, one was only a year older
than me and the other was 13 years older than me. So I spent
most of my time with my sister who was closer to my age.
Throwing it back to the summer of middle school my sister and
I spent most of our time at home with our disabled mom. We
could not really leave the house because of our situation so we
had to make the best of it. We were constantly being creative,
playing outside, as well as having some friends over during the
week.
One day during the week our cousin came over. She lived about
2 hours away from us at the time. Everytime she came over we
always seemed to cause trouble. We would always pull pranks
on each other, laugh a lot, and stay up late when we weren't
supposed to. We used to always play this game called ‘Guess
14. the Food’. The rule of the game is to be blind folded and the
other people who were not blind folded had to pick out random
foods. We would mix the food together and feed it to one
another. Sounds fun right? So one day we decided to play
‘Guess the Food’ because we had nothing better to do. My
cousin and I already went and it was now my sister's time to be
blind folded. As she stands next to the pantry waiting patiently,
my cousin and I gather some snacks to mix. We pulled out
peanut butter as well as these tiny marshmallows we had. We
scooped out the peanut butter and rubbed a little bit of it on the
marshmallow. Without my sister preparing herself, I slammed
the peanut butter marshmallow in her mouth. She instantly
closed her mouth and started screaming “ITS A TOOTH, ITS A
TOOTH” with a lisp. Knowing my cousin and I did not put a
tooth in her mouth, had us dying laughing. Laughing to the
point where my cousin ran to the bathroom to go pee. As she
was running, she slipped around the corner of the hall and fell
hard. That made the situation even funnier to us. With that
being said, that day will never leave me. Each time we get
together we always bring up that day which puts a smile on our
faces.
BRIDGET’S POST:
A long time ago, in a galaxy far away I saw a sign posted in
someone's office. I assume the man who used the office was a
pilot or at least loved to fly. The sign simply read, "The second
greatest thrill known to man is flying. The first is landing!". I
make no bones about being a non-traditional student. In my late
30s and having been out of high school for over 20 years means
that I'm a risk taker whether I want to believe it or not. For the
last four years, since my divorce, my whole life has been a risk.
In that time, as I try to discover myself, I've learned to embrace
new experiences. Just this last year, I embraced a new
experience that should make no sense to a sensible person. I
flew in a plane for the first time. For some reason, I've
15. managed to make it my entire life without feeling the need to
leave Mother Earth. Yet here I was, about to risk life and limb
by doing the unthinkable to fly across the country to visit my
boyfriend. Long distance relationships are hard, especially
when you're plunging 30,000 feet to your death.
I've always wondered about flying. It makes no sense. Air is
light. Airplanes are heavy. Airplanes are made of metal. Metal
is heavier than air. Therefore, it should be physically
impossible for metal to fly. And what's with this whole airport
thing? Can someone please explain why the airport is called a
"terminal"? I don't know about you, but where I'm from,
"terminal" is a bad thing. If you are terminally ill, that means
you're not coming back. This story is NOT going to have a
happy ending. Why can't they just call it that-long-corridor-
you-walk-down-to-get-on-your-heavier-than-air-piece of metal?
Why do they have to use terminal, as if I wasn't scared enough?
I mean, most of the airplane movies I've ever seen did not have
a happy ending. Snakes on a Plane, Lost, Manifest, and Airport
'77 all came to mind. None of those turned out well for the
passengers. All of that ran through my mind as I boarded my
first flight. I remembered with anxiety the last TV series I'd
watched about airplanes. It was called "Manifest". In that
show, an airliner is engulfed in fog and lands five years later! I
didn't have five extra years to fly around. I had places to go
and people to see! Thankfully, I did make one comforting
discovery. Airplanes serve alcohol. Finally, I was able to calm
myself down, sit back in my window seat and enjoy the splendor
of the heavens. Flying wasn't bad at all. That is until I looked
out the window and realized I could no longer see the wing. It
was completely engulfed in fog! Jesus wept.