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Drug War On The Philippines Essay
1. Drug War On The Philippines Essay
Klaus Kilmer Mrs. Ribar English 11 7 November 2016 Drug War in the Philippines In the Philippines, a war is going on. Not a war against another
country, but a war against drugs. Rodrigo Duterte, the current president of the Philippines, has launched an antiâdrug campaign. The campaign has
been effective, but brutal and unforgiving. Duterte said he would kill 100,000 drug users and dealers within the first six months of his campaign
alone. The Filipino government is waging a war on drugs that is causing thousands of deaths and widespread fear across the country. The Filipino
government is waging this war on drugs because they blame drugs abuse for a recent epidemic of crime, including rape, theft, and robbery. Since
Duterte's war began, there have been about 1,900 drug related casualties, 600 of which still have ongoing investigations. This is nothing
considering Duterte promised to have killed 100,000 drug users and dealers taken off the streets within six months of the start of his campaign.
Duterte is having the police force fight the war on two separate fronts so that he can get as many drugs off the streets as he can. Some police units
are tasked to go after high value targets who are suspected kingpins in the drug industry. Other police units crack down on small time users and
dealers on the streets. Other special units are being used solely as assassins, to kill proven drug dealers. This war on two fronts is part of the reason
why Duterte's war has been so successful
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2. Anti Inflammatory Drugs ( Nsaids ) Essay
Hi Everyone,
Last week's forum we have discussed nonsteroidal antiâinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which in 1993 was classified as a symptomâ modifying
antiârheumatic drugs [SâMARDs] (Buer, 2015, p. 168). This week we shift our focus to the role of diseaseâmodifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)
as a pharmacological management for rheumatoid arthritis. RomĐĐo, CanhĐĐo, and Fonseca (2013) stated that methotrexate (MTX) is the most
commonly utilized DMARD. As referenced by RomĐĐo et al. (2013), MTX is the gold standard for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment due to cost
effectiveness, safety, efficacy and is the drug mostly adhered to by patients with RA (p.17).
Rheumatoid arthritis is a debilitating disease believed to be mediated by the inappropriate activation of immunologic response (Goodman & Fuller,
2009). In 2010, a joint working group of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)
modified the 1987 ACR criteria used to identify RA. The modification was necessitated because of the need for emphasis on the serology and acute
phase reactants rather than joint inflammation in the detection of RA in its early phase (Singh & Cameron, 2012, p. S3). Early detection is the key to
the effective management of RA, both pharmacologically and pharmacologically. As a physical therapist, I have seen the associated activity limitations
and the disability as a result of cartilage destruction, bony erosions and joint damage in
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3. Essay about drugs
Throughout history, America has been fighting against drug and alcohol abuse in teens and adults. Many ways companies and anti drug groups try to
prevent drug and alcohol abuse is through education in school systems and out of school systems. They teach young students about drugs and alcohol
before they risk being around them, and they teach older students about drugs while they are around in their daily lives. Are these education programs
really necessary? That's the question many people ask, and also the question I'm going to attempt to answer.
The government is usually the group that attempts to educate people about the causes and effects of drugs and alcohol through programs such as
D.A.R.E (drug abuse resistance education) or...show more content...
These studies are proof that the null hypothesis is true and most education programs do not have any effect on the people who are being educated
about drugs and alcohol.
Although the government is trying to help with the problem, they aren't doing a very good job. It is a common observation that there is a hug lag
time in the government's response to a social problem such as drugs and alcohol. A problem will affect a society for quite some time and cause
damage before the government will support any funds or a means to stop the problem. After they fund education programs to teach children about
drugs and alcohol, they keep funding unnecessarily increasing taxes, which send money nowhere. The government needs to spend more money on
realizing what they are doing wrong in educating students who only go off to use drugs anyways .There is a general theme of a Cultural
Revolution of Drug Treatment programs seen in America. The revolution beings with the heroic phase where the problem begins and spreads
rapidly and the use of drugs and alcohol increases. Next is the classical phase where the social problem reaches its peak and the use of drugs is the
highest. During the Classical phase, education programs are being used to try to stop and prevent drug and alcohol use. Then there is an Imperial
stage where the problem begins to decline and comes to an end after people have learned about drugs and alcohol. The final stage is the Decadent
phase when the previous users
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4. War on Drugs
Christina Echeverry
October 2017
ALC Class 18â002
War on Drugs
Introduction
In 1971, President Nixon created the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 commonly known as the War on Drugs. The war
on drugs was implemented to combat production, distribution, and consumption of illegal drugs (Olaya & Angel, 2017). In 2007, law enforcement
officers made approximately two million drug arrests in the United States (Potter, 2014). Supporters state that the war on drugs was successful
because it lowered the amount of drug users in the United States, created a deterrence in crime, as well as it provided stability in areas that were
volatile and impoverished. On the other hand, critics of the war on drugs argue that the war on drugs did not diminish crime rather it created an
international drug enterprise. In addition, critics would debate the misallocation of resources and funds and it lead to an increase of crime and
overcrowded prisons.
War on drugs successes
To start, the war on drugs effectively decreased the amount of drug users, which are the basis of the entire campaign; to ban drugs and its use.
According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 14.8 million Americans were drug users, compared to 25 million users in 1979
since the implementation of the war on drugs. The amount of drug users was decreased due to awareness, tougher laws, and the reprisal that is issued
when the war on drugs law is violated (9
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5. The Misuse Of Drugs Act
Laws are created by parliament which is made up by the MP'S society votes for during the election process. The Misuse of Drugs Act (1971) was
introduced to prevent the misuse of controlled drugs such as cannabis, amphetamine and other drugs stated in the Act. The Act attempts to
prevent the misuse of drugs by making it a criminal offence to be in possession or supply, manufacture, import and export drugs (Drugscope,
2015). The Act also gives the Home secretary authority to ban new drugs and increase the penalties associated with them. Sometimes the
government will set out a proposal for a new law in a document known as a green paper which then faces scrutiny and discussion this could be by
experts in the area that the proposed Law intends to change/ affect or a select committee within parliament. The proposal can then be changed and
made into a white paper. This then forms the Bill which gets introduced into Parliament (Making laws: How a law is made part 2 of 2, 2009).
There are 2 different types of Bills a private and a public Bill. The Misuse of Drugs Act (1971) was a public Bill as it affects the public. These also
have 2 categories, government Bills and Private member bills. The Misuse of Drugs Act (1971) was a government Bill. A bill goes through a
consultation stage where the opinion of others is noted on what the proposed Law should say. This usually takes place before the Bill is introduced to
Parliament. A Bill can either go through the House of Commons or Lords
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6. Persuasive Essay On Illegal Drugs
Today in our modern society, many people believe that teen's develop a mindset of having a clean system and to stay drug free. However, people
are not able to foresee that the drug use in America has rising up tremendously. Studies have shown that drugs can not only have impact on your
life, but also have impact on those who surround you and also can led to the absence of adolescence. It leads to bad habits and only brings evil
deeds. The possession of drugs and the conspiracy sell is illegal in the Unites States. If arrest and put on trial due to drugs can mean serious jail
time. According to the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, people are considered to have a
substance use disorder. (Live Science) The Live Science states "... people have strong urges to use a substance or can't control their use of it, or if
their use impairs them in social situations or leads to risky behavior." Members of society have needs when a drug is being in place into there normal
day routine. The report also states that an estimated 27.1 million people in the U.S. used an illegal drug in the past month. (Live Science) The
massâproduction, sale and possession of illegal drugs should be banned in the United States.
Keeping drugs away from adults and young teens can make a positive impact on their life. According to the article "Drug Use in America: What the
Number Say" by Sara G. Miller, staff writer of Live Science has discovered "21 million
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7. Many children can quickly recall that eye shutting public service announcement that sends thrills through their body. The advertisers are looking at
every single detail and for good reason, they have to get into the viewers head and make it relevant to them. Using techniques such as fear, specific
characters for the target age group and a setting suitable for the commercial, ads can create a life changing experience. To truly examine the differences
and similarities between ads and how they've changed over the years, the ads being presented are selected from different periods in time. Culture and
style change constantly and marketers must follow this trend to impact their target audience with effective strategies.
The teenage mind...show more content...
The objective of the commercial is to plant fear within the target audience so that the commercial gives them a negative connotation towards that
product, which in this case is a drug.
The ads presented are both set in a place that the target audience would deem acceptable as cool. This gives the target audience a personal feeling,
as if the ad were directed to them instead of the vast majority of people watching television. The diving board ad is set at a pool where nearly all
children and teenagers have gone before. Not only is this a good place but it also presents a common fear of hitting the bottom of a pool on that
first scary dive. While the actor is about to dive you can hear her peers in the background edging her on to jump for the first time into the pool.
This act symbolizes the peer pressure people go through when they're asked to try drugs. The setting of the second ad is a directed toward a
person in the early twenties. The scene is a club and the actor is what modern society would consider a handsome guy. The bathroom from which
he does his drugs in is a very white scene, as if it were being directly compared to a hospital. Often people think of a hospital as an area for death and
sickness. By repelling young adults from ever wanted to be in that situation, the ad is very effective. Eerie high pitched music plays in the background
of each
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8. Anti Drug Abuse Act Of 1986
On June 17th 1971, President Richard Nixon stood in front of congress and announced his widely criticized War on Drugs. The President claimed that
drugs were the "Public Enemy Number One" among Americans. Fastâforward to 1986, Congress passed the AntiâDrug Abuse Act of 1986. This act
placed mandatory minimum sentences on minor drug infractions. The war on drugs not only incarcerated a very high number of Blacks, but also tore
families apart in an effort to clean up neighborhoods which still affect many African American families almost a halfâcentury later.
In October 1982, President Ronald Reagan addressed the nation and promised a "planned, concerted campaign against all drugs, hard soft or
otherwise." The President had two ways he to...show more content...
As clear bias law, this plan untimely laid the frame work for what we now know as the term "mass incarceration".
As a result of these drug laws the use of drugs decreased slightly, but the number of African American men incarcerated for drug crimes skyrocketed
to more than 300 %, The number of African Americans arrested for drug abuse went from 112,784 to 452,574 in a short period of time. Young
African American males were almost 9 times more likely to be incarcerated than their Caucasian counterparts. With considerably long sentence, and
having to serve out a minimum of 85% of their time, these men have absolutely nothing to turn to. No longer was the goal of the penal system to
reform these misguided men. Now the main priority of the prison system was to punish. Instead of giving these men a basic education, and helping
them become productive members of society once they were released, Congress cut funding to educational programs, and actually tried to pass an act
known as the No Frills Prison Act, which funded prisons to "prevent luxurious conditions." To make things worse, South Carolina prisons banned basic
necessities out of spite,such as the air conditioners. The war on drugs not only effected the prisoners, but it also caused a grave hardship on their
families as well. Nearly 2.7 million children admitted to having a parent who is currently incarnated, with the vast majority being nonviolent drug
offenses. One out of every
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9. Say No To Drugs! Essay
Say No To Drugs!
Few people deny the dangers of drug use, while many teens are curious about drugs. They should stay away from drugs because drugs affect our
health, lead to academic failure, and jeopardizes safety. Drugs are used from a long period of time in many countries. The concentration of drugs has
increased from late 1960's and 1970's. Drugs can quickly takeover our lives. Friends and acquaintance have the greatest influence of using drugs during
adolescence.
Drugs are chemicals that change the way a person's body or mind works. Drugs are not good for health as they have many side effects and damage our
brain, heart and other important organs. Drug is a depressant that slows down the functions of the central nervous system...show more content...
Some of the illegal drugs are marijuana, ecstasy, cocaine, LSD, crystal meth and heroin. Drugs are consumed in different ways, by inhaling, taking by
mouth, injecting, applying on skin, and smoking. When a person is addicted to a drug, the drug becomes so important that the person cannot manage
without it.
Drug use distracts attention leading to academic failure and poor social skills. Stress plays a major role in drug use and continuing drug abuse. It
also creates problem in our family, school and with our friends. The person's reflexes will become slower; they will have trouble working and doing
things which require any physical any mental coordination. In spite of knowing the harmful effects of drugs, people spend lots of money and
consume them to forget their worries and sorrows and to seek happiness. Once a person is addicted, it is very hard to stop taking drugs.
Drugs get us involved in many illegal activities such as crime, theft, etc. It leads to sexual assault and accidents. Young people use drugs because of
curiosity, peer pressure, boredom, finance problem and for pleasure. The person's behaviors tend to selfâdestructive activities and are often harder to
think clearly and make good decisions.
Drug addiction is a complex but treatable disease. An effective way to get rid of drugs is to have good companions, involvement in games and social
activities, reading books, etc. Many governments worldwide have restricted on drug
11. Introduction Of Drugs And Alcohol Essay
Table of Contents Introduction to Drugs and Alcohol2 Overview2 I. Workplace Factors3 II. Workplace Performance & Behavior4 III. Workplace
Role5 RECOMMENDATION6 Workplace Policies and Drug Testing7 Policy and Regulations on Alcohol and drug abuse7 Employee Education
/Health Promotion8 Works Cited9 Employer's Guide for a Drugâfree Workplace Introduction to Drugs and Alcohol In order to understand drug and
alcohol use, it is important to be clear about what we mean by the terms 'drugs' and 'alcohol. Alcohol is a legal, sedative drug, which changes the
way we think, feel and do. It can make you more relaxed or it can take away your judgment. For most countries, like Canada, it is legal for adults
over 18 years to buy and drink. There are many different types of alcoholic drinks such as beer, wine and spirits (whiskey, vodka, gin etc.). Drugs
are chemicals which, when taken into our bodies, alters normal bodily function, resulting any psychological and behavioral change. Some drugs are
legal, such as caffeine, tobacco/nicotine and alcohol. Other drugs like cannabis, cocaine, ecstasy and heroin are illegal. Legal drugs also include
medicines that are available over the counter at a chemist or prescribed by a doctor. A person can misuse these drugs by taking them in a way, which
they are not supposed to be used or in amounts not prescribed by their doctor. Overview Alcohol and drug problems (sometimes also called substance
abuse or misuse) are common in a
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12. Substance Use Among Adolescent Research Paper
Adolescence, usually defined as individuals between the ages of 12 and 20, is a period of transition, brain development and challenges1, 2, 3.
Adolescence is the peak time to engage in risk taking behaviors2. Substance use is a common occurrence among adolescents. The National Center on
Addiction and Substance Abuse has identified adolescent substance use as one of the United States' top public health concerns4. In fact, an individual's
chance of becoming a cigarette smoker drastically declines if smoking is not initiated by the time the individual is 18 years old. Alcohol and Marijuana
are the most commonly used substances among adolescents1,2,3. The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, the Youth Risk Behavior
Surveillance Study, the Center for AntisocialDrug Dependence, Monitoring the...show more content...
According to Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Study, conducted among high school students, over 70% tried cigarettes, 25% smoke daily for at
least a month and over 80% of students have used alcohol at least once5. Many factors impact the likelihood of adolescent substance use. One risk
factor for adolescent substance use is perceived ease of access to substances4. Also, the type of substances being used by adolescents varies by
geographic location. Students living in rural areas report higher perceived access to alcohol, smoking tobacco, chewing tobacco and steroids while
students living in urban areas report higher levels of perceived access to marijuana, cocaine, inhalants, ecstasy, methamphetamine and hallucinogens4.
Depression during adolescence is linked to substance abuse. Students who did not have many peers of the same racial/ethnic group in their school
reported poorer school attachment, which in turn is related to depressive symptoms3. Positive relationships among peers tend to have an impact on
substance use in
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13. Anti-Drugs Policies in the 1960s Essay
Drugs have been influencing the ideas, culture, and music of America for ages. Illicit narcotics have left the Union in a state of immense debt.
Antiâdrug policies have been dumping billions upon billions of dollars in prevention, punishment, and rehabilitation. From the roaring twenties, to the
prohibition, drugs have always been fought (Bailey). Most times, the drugs start off as medicines and end up being harmful (Morris). Perhaps, the
most prominent and influential eras of drug use in America are the two decades of the 60's and twenty years later, the 80's. It may very well be that
these two decades molded America into what it is now. The sixties had a huge pull from conservative America of the post
âwar era. Vietnam veterans
were...show more content...
One score years later, LSD was being used recreationally by the new counterculture, or hippies. Many people turned to this mindâaltering drug as way
to experience nature, and the company of others. Why would they use so many drugs? The counterculture was set on doing the opposite of what was
seen as the right way of doing things. They protested many of Nixon's policies and their use of drugs was one form of protest, along with their music
and freeâlove. They wanted to create friction between the government and the people. The movement was so strong that it pushed on into the early
70's. Television sitcoms, like "That 70's Show," point out the strong impact of drug use left by the sixties with the main characters constantly joining
in "circles" and smoking Marijuana. LSD has impacted the music and culture of America the most. The Beatles are a rock band that came from
England. Their music became a hit in the United States during the sixties and early seventies, in what became known as the British Invasion. Some of
their songs, like Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds are hidden ways of saying LSD (Nagle). People would gather together in large music festivals, to
partake in the enjoyment of listening to some their favorite bands and among other things to smoke marijuana and take acid. Woodstock was a 3 day
music festival taking place in the town of Bethel, New York. It was the biggest congregation of the counterculture at the time. Some 400,000 people
went to listen to
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14. Antiphyscotic Drugs Essay
The administration of both typical and atypical antiâpsychotic medication is associated with the metabolic sideâeffects that include weight gain and
diabetes mellitus, with atypical antiâpsychotics (APPs) conferring the greatest risk.1
AAPs gained much popularity when first introduced due to their extensive spectrum of efficacy and their low risk of extrapyramidal symptoms in
comparison to typical antiâpsychotic drugs.2 They have become the first line of treatment for psychotic disorders however, unlike their counterparts,
AAPs have been associated with a greater risk for metabolic side effects.3
These side effects also present as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance and other metabolic disorders.4 A further...show more
content...
Leptin is an adiposeâreleased hormone that works on the hypothalamus to control appetite and peripheral regulation of energy metabolism. Leptin
works to inhibit the effects of appetiteâstimulating hormones while stimulating the effects of hormones such as corticotrophinâreleasing factor that
suppress appetite stimulations. 5
Sensory pathways bringing in information from the blood and CSF to the hypothalamus, have their first order neurons in the ARC. It contains the
neuropeptide Y (NPY)/agoutiârelated protein (AgRP) neurons and the proâopiomelanocortin (POMC)/cocaineâ and amphetamineâ related transcript
(CART) neurons which play a role in the simulation of food intake. 6
Serotonin signaling in the central nervous system produces hyophagia through its effects on the suppression of food intake. The anorexigenic 5HT2C
receptor is largely expressed in the hypothalamus, particularly in the POMC neurons of the arcuate nucleus where stimulation of PMOC neural activity
via this receptor results in hypophagia and weight loss. 7 5HT is a potent satiety signaler with 5âHT1A and 5âHT2C receptors as the prime mediators
of 5HT in regulating food intake. The action of serotonin on these receptors confers opposing results. Binding of serotonin on 5âHT1A increases food
intake while 5HT2C decreases it.
Serotonin when produced in the CNS acts as a neurotransmitter, however a large proportion of serotonin
16. Why Do Teenagers Use Drug Abuse Essay
Drugs and alcohol are not only a current problem in the United States, but it has also been affecting many teenagers in the world today. Teenagers
today use and abuse drugs for many reasons, some being stress,peer pressure,curiosity or just modeling their parents' behavior. Many teenagers know
the effects of alcohol and drugs, but some don't really know the real consequences of what can actually happen to them. Consequences to you and also
the ones around you can be very serious, I don't think school or parents educate their kids enough of what the actual consequences are of these
substances. Stress is something we all have especially in high school because most all of us have jobs,play a sport or an extracurricular activity and
also not to mention all the daily duties we have in our own homes. This is very stressful when life is in full action but we all need to find coping
mechanisms to handle the stress. During school we go through the daily seven classes,lunch and soon we are free to do whatever we want, but in
school when do we learn what is really bad for us? Many kids who use and abuse drugs don't even know what it's doing to their bodies much less their
lives. Peer pressure today in schools is hard to avoid, especially if you're in the wrong group of friends. I would say most teenagers first learn about
...show more content...
Many kids have never been told by their parents how drugs will affect them or their parents haven't been the most perfect role model because
they're using for their personal problems. Especially mom's who are abusing before their child is even born, and it's sad because many of these
innocent lives are born addicted. Parents are the people we look up to the most and if they're not available, some kids don't know anything else to do.
Many schools could help with this problem too, and if the child has a parent who's abusing drugs or alcohol those kids could turn to someone at their
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17. Essay On Anti Depressants
Common types of medication include POM (prescription only medication) which can be obtained from a pharmacist only if prescribed by a doctor.
These could include antiâdepressants which are very common. Antiâdepressants work by selecting receptors in the brain and controls levels of
serotonin. They come under the group 'SSRIS' (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors). Over the counter medicines (OTC) may include things like
paracetamol or ibuprofen, which are everyday painkillers. Something like paracetamol inhibits the production of pain and inflammationâcausing
chemicals called prostaglandins.
Common types of medication
Analgesics
Antibiotics
Antiâdepressants
Antiâ coagulants
If one has a headache one might go for an analgesic. If one is diagnosed with depression or anxiety one would likely be prescribed antiâdepressants. If
one has an infection one would be offered antibiotics. Antiâcoagulants are to prevent blood clotting.
Someone might develop an allergic reaction to certain medication, in some cases rashes will occur, in severe cases one will stop breathing properly.
One might become confused or agitated, be put off food or become very drowsy. There are types of adverse reactions:
Type A (augmented).The reaction results from an exaggeration of the drug's normal pharmacological actions when given at the...show more content...
There are other pharmacy staff who also have roles in relation to the safe dispensing of medicines. A pharmacist is responsible for: Overall checking
of a prescription to make sure that it is legal and written by a person qualified to do so, dispensing the right quantity of the correct medicine, ensuring
that medicines are correctly labelled with the person's name, the name of the medicine and the dosage, providing advice and treatment for minor
illnesses, injuries and health concerns, providing a repeat prescription service in coâoperation with GP
19. Anti Drug Abuse Act Of 1986
In 2010, the Obama Administration passed into law The Fair Sentencing Act, which directly targeted the harshly different punishments for people
caught in possession of crack versus people caught in possession of cocaine and effectively overruled the punishments of each drug outlined in the
AntiâDrug Abuse Act of 1986. Immediately, there was discussion regarding the purpose and effectiveness of this act versus the 1986 act. The
AntiâDrug Abuse Act of 1986, although it was eagerly pursued and supported by black communities, has ultimately been accused of being indirectly, or
purposefully, discriminatory towards African Americans. This law established shockingly different punishments for users of crack versus users of
cocaine. As is commonly known and has been proven statistically, African Americans are more likely to consume crack than cocaine and are more
likely to consume crack than any other race would.
For decades since the 1986 Act, those prosecuted for possession of crack cocaine were given harsher punishments than those who were caught with
cocaine. Despite minimal differences between the effectiveness and formulation of either drug, crack cocaine was prosecuted at a 100:1 ratio to
cocaine. Many questioned why the gap existed, but ultimately the reasoning lied with who was consuming either drug. Crack cocaine was popular in
extremely urban areas, prone to house more minorities than suburban areas. Cocaine, however, was typically a more "elitist" drug consumed and
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20. Effectiveness of Antidepressant Drugs
In Issue 13 of Taking Sides, the controversial question Have Antidepressant Drugs Proven to be Effective is analyzed. Psychiatrist Peter D. Kramer
argues in this issue that antidepressant drugs "can transform depressed patients into happy people with almost no side effects" (p.212). On the contrary,
professors of psychology Seymour Fisher and Roger P. Greenburg "claim that the studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of antidepressants are
seriously flawed" (p.212). Kramer's agreement with the statement above is due mostly to the testing he did with his patient Tess and antidepressant
drugs. However Fisher and Greenberg disagree with the statement mainly because of the bias drug studies that...show more content...
In Tess taking the drug Kramer found out very quickly what remarkable changes it had on her. Kramer learned that the drug had a "quickly alteration
in ordinary intractable problem of personality and social functioning" (p.218). Kramer also learned that Prozac enabled a person to understand what
was important to them and who they were and wanted to be. Although Kramer saw the effects Prozac had on Tess, Tess also taught him to look at the
border picture. Tess made Kramer think what if this "redefinition of self led to a culture in which this biologically driven sort of self understanding
becomes widespread" (p.222). Kramer found it unbelievable what the drug Prozac could do to a patient, something that psychiatrists have always
hoped to accomplish. The main thing though that Tess taught Kramer and what the drug itself taught him was that the effects of the drug would have
to re examined and our sense of what is constant in the self to be revised. As earlier stated, Fisher and Greenberg disagree with the effectiveness of
antidepressant drugs which is mainly due to the bias studies. As Fisher and Greenberg state, "no one actually knows how effective antidepressants are.
Confident declarations about their potency go well beyond the existing evidence" (p.223). One of the main biases on antidepressant drugs is that
"patients learn to discriminate between drug and placebo largely from body sensations and symptoms" (p.225). Another point Fisher and
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21. What Is The United States An Anti-Drug Society?
In sociology, the definition of a drug is "any chemical substance that has a direct affect on the user's physical, psychological, and/or intellectual
functioning" ("Drugs" 3). According to this definition, many people may argue that the United States is a proâdrug society because of its legalization
of alcohol, tobacco, and pharmaceuticals, however I believe that the United States is an antiâdrug society. Although the United States has legalized
tobacco, alcohol, and pharmaceuticals, there are many drugs that are still illegal. It can be assume that these illegal drugs they are dangerous and
somehow poses a threat to society, but its illegalization has more to do with economics and power more than anything else. According to the film, "A
Marijuana
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22. Types of Drugs and Drug Abuse
Drug abuse is a widespread problem that makes individual drug users the prime victims. But drugs also affect all of us, wherever we live and
whatever we do. Drug abuse can cause serious physical and mental deterioration. The problem can tear apart the family structure and make it hard for
learning. Difficulties on the job due to drug abuse make it hard for employers to run their businesses. Stealing form employers or from individuals to
get money from for drugs causes pain and economic loss to the victims. Arrests and jailing of drug users and dealers puts a strain on law enforcement
officials and the criminal justice systems; the cost to taxpayers is enormous. The millions of dollars spent on illegal drugs in America encourage criminal
...show more content...
Nevertheless, they have been found to increase the effect of other drugs tat depress the central nervous system, including alcohol, antihistamines,
barbiturates narcotics, sedatives, and tranquilizers. Two of the main types of antidepressants are Elavil and tofranil.
Antiâanxiety tranquilizers are drugs that have a calming effect on the central nervous system, relieve anxiety and tension, and sometimes relax the
skeletal muscles. The drugs have been shown to have undesirable side effects and to be habitâforming tranquilizers are especially dangerous as then
intensify the effects of other depressants; tranquilizers can cause coma and even death. Librium and Valium are two examples of antiâanxiety
tranquilizers that produce effects like alcohol barbiturates are often abused.
Antiâpsychotic tranquilizers are a major classification of drugs commonly used to treat serious psychiatric problems. The drugs, such as Thorazine, are
rarely used nonâmedically, because that does not produce euphoric effects. Still, the drugs are sometimes preferred to barbiturates as calming agents
because they do not cause physical dependence and even in large doses do not result in coma.
Cannabis is a general word used to refer to preparation such as hashish, hash oil, and marijuana that are consumed for their intoxicating effects. The
intensity of the reactions depends on such factors as the potency of the drugs, the mood and expectation of
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