The PowerPoint presentation discusses the different types of drugs found, together with the effects and causes of Alcohol and drug abuse.

2. HOW DOES THE ADDICTION
START?
1st Level
15%
2nd Level
20%
3rd Level
25%
4th Level
40%
Levels of Addiction 1st Level – Use for experimentation and
for medical purposes.
2nd Level – Misuse occurs as the
substance is used for personal reasons
and not used for its intended purpose.
3rd Level - Abuse of the substances
occurs.
4th Level – Addiction/ Dependency
occurs.

3. SO WHAT ARE THE
DIFFERENT TYPES OF DRUGS
THAT ARE AVAILABLE IN
THE MARKET?

4. Cocaine
Tik
Krokodile
Marijuana
Nyaope
Heroin
Magic
Mushrooms
Ketamine
Ecstasy
Meth
MARIJUANA COCAINE
MAGIC MUSHROOMS TIK

5. Let us focus on alcohol consumption…
SYMPTOMS OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION
Repeatedly neglecting your responsibilities at work, home or school because of your drinking
– performing poor at work and bunking classes.
Using alcohol in situations where it physically dangerous such as drinking and driving.
Experiencing repeated legal problems on account for drinking. For example, getting arrested
for driving under the influence of alcohol.
Drinking as a way to relax or de-stress – For example, people drink in order to forget about
their problems and it is a way of releasing stress.
Loss of control over the amount consumed once people begin to drink.
Insomnia, which may be followed by oversleeping.

6. SYMPTOMS
Unexplained change in
personality or attitude
Sudden mood swings,
irritability, or angry
outbursts
Periods of unusual
hyperactivity, agitation
or giddiness
Lack of motivation
Appearing to be
lethargic
Appearing to be fearful,
anxious and paranoid
with no reason
THE CAUSES
People suffering from anxiety, bipolar disorder,
depression or other mental illnesses use drugs and
alcohol to ease their suffering.
 People see family members, friends, role models or
entertainers using drugs and believe they can do too.
 People become bored and think drugs will help.
People think drugs will help relieve stress.
People figure if a drug is prescribed by a doctor, it must
be ok.
People get physically injured and unintentionally get
hooked on prescribed drugs.
 People use drugs to cover painful memories in their
past.
People think drugs will help them fit in.
People chase “the high” they once experienced.

7. The immune system – Drinking too much can weaken your immune
system, making your body a much easier target for disease. Chronic
drinkers are more liable to contract diseases like pneumonia and
tuberculosis than people who do not drink too much.
Drinking too much can cause a person to develop cancers that include
cancers of the:
• Mouth
• Oesophagus
• Throat
• Liver
• Breast
Developing of muscles in the body – Long term alcohol use makes it
difficult for your body to produce new bone.
Central Nervous System - Accelerates the loss of brain cells, contributing
to cognitive deficits. Chronic use can lead to brain damage.

9. A BRAIN THAT NOT BEEN OVERLY
EXPOSED TO ALCOHOL
A BRAIN THAT HAS BEEN
OVERLY EXPOSED TO ALCOHOL
Alcohol interferes with the brain’s communication pathways
and can affect the way the brain looks and works. These
disruptions can change mood and behaviour and make it
harder to think clearly and move with coordination.

10. Heavy Drinking can cause trouble for
your heart. Woman who drink are at an
even higher risk of heart damage than
men. Heart complications include:
 Poisoning of the heart muscle cells
 irregular heartbeats
 high blood pressure
 strokes
 heart attacks
 heart failure
 Enlarged heart
AN ENLARGED HEART
EFFECTS ON THE HEART

11. THE SYMPTOMS OF DRUG CONSUMPTION
 Unexplained change in personality or attitude
 Sudden mood swings, irritability, or angry outbursts
 Periods of unusual hyperactivity, agitation or giddiness
 Lack of motivation
 Appearing to be lethargic
 Appearing to be fearful, anxious and paranoid with no reason

12.  Can similarly weaken the immune system as in the case of alcohol
whereby it is difficult for the immune system to fight off diseases.
 Cause nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.
 Cause damage to the liver and in some cases cause liver failure.
 Cause damage to the brain with low memory, attention and including
mental confusion.
 Can cause great physical differences in features and on the body

14.  Becoming distant from family and friends.
 Becoming depressed as the person will feel
sad and helpless.
 Developing Anxiety Disorders as the
individual will have a sense of
uncontrollable worry and panic all the time.
They will also tend to feel scared.