Drugs acting on ans Parts included Parasympathetic or Parasymapathomimetic there classification and Sympathetic or sympathomimetics it's classification

3. Neurotransmitters _
It is a type of chemical messenger which transmits signals
across a chemical synapse, such as a neuromuscular junction,
from one neuron (nerve cell) to another "target" neuron
This are the chemical agents which are transfer
implus one nerve fiber to another nerve or MUSCLE
The main two neurotransmitters
A] Acetylcholine [ACH]
B] Noradrenaline[NA]

4. Autonomic nervous system

5. 1 sympathetic nervous systems [SNS]
Preganglionic fiber is small &
Postaganglionic fiber is high (adrenaline )
ACH at
Preganglionic
fiber
NA at postaganglionic
fiber

6. Drugs acting on
ANC
Chapter 2
Two types
1 sympathetic nervous systems
A] Acetylcholine [ACH] Adrenergic
2 parasympathetic nervous system
B] Noradrenaline[NA]Choligernic

7. Parasympathetic
nervous system [psns]
Biosynthesis, metabolism, storage ,release of ACH
Biosynthesis - ach Biosynthesis inside Nerve fiber by combination
Acetyl COA with CHOLINE-ACH in presence of an ENZYME CHOLIN
Acetyl Transferase
Choline Acetyl transferase
Acetyl COA + choline Acetylcholine
Storage- stored in synaptic vesicles
Relase-Relase of ach occur in action potential to presynaptic

8. Cholinergic receptor
A]mascarnic
receptor- 5 sub
types 2 are
inactive
• M1-Autonomic
ganglion, CNS
• M2-Heart
• M3-Smooth muscle
• M4-..Inactive
• M5-..Inactive
• Nn-autonomic ganglion
• Nm-Neuromuscular
junction of skeleton
muscle
To study ACH action on
A]Mascarnic receptor
B] Nicotinic receptor
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B] nicotine receptor

9. Pharmacologicl action of ACH On
A]mascarnic receptor - Atropin are
block
Mascarnic action [antimuscarnic drug]
1]Eye- 👀Ach produces Contractions of pupil [miosis]
2] Heart💕- Ach Depress contractility,AV node depress
3] Blood vessels - Ach Relaxation of smooth muscle
Dilation of blood vessel mainly Skin or Mucosal membrane
This result into fall BP decrease cardiac output
4]Other smooth muscle - Ach increasing tone of
smooth muscle OF GIT & increased peristalsis
5] Gland & secretion -Ach is increases Bronchial,
salivery,Gastric, The increased bronchial secretion results into
Cough &Dyspnoea yo.gesh954

10. B]Nicotinic receptor The action
of ACH on Nicotinic Receptor is called
Nicotinic action
1] Autonomic ganglia - Ach is stimulate of AUTONOMIC GANGLION
which result increased output of ACH * THE Relase-Relase of na
increasing BP by included peripheral vasodilation
2]Adrenal medulla-large doses of ACH stimulating Adrenal medulla to
increase secretion of ADRANALIN & FURTHER increased BP
3] Skeleton muscle - ACH are stimulation of somatic nerves
A very large concentration of Ach at My one u r all junction
Produce Paralysis of skeleton muscle
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11. Parasympathomimytic/ CHOLIGERNIC -
The drugs
Which produce the action similar to
stimulate parasympatetic Nervous
System is called
parasympathomimytic
Classification
1]Easter of CHOLINE-ACH, methacoline, carbachol,
Bethanechol
2] cholinomimetic alkoaloids-pilocarpin
3] ACH waitresses inhibers-
•Reversible anticholinestrage- Physostigmine,
neostigamine, Rivastigmine, Donepezil
•IrreversIble anticholinestrage-Practhion, malathion

12. 1]Methacoline -orally administration, duration of action long
2]carbwchol- more potent methacoline, absorbing
in git, it affe1ct on smooth muscle of GIT
3]Pilocarine -it is alkolide obtained from pilocarpous microphyllus
Potent stimulate, increase selivery Secretion,
it produces mitosis & spam of accommodation
4] Physostigmine - obtained form ripped seeds of Physostigmine
venenomosum ,it CROSS BBB ,
it's action is short
5]Neostigamine- it is a Quaternary ammonium comp.
It inhibits both pseudo & true cholinesterase
USE - All of this Drugs are used to

13. Myasthenia Gravis-It
Is a Neuromuscular Autoimmune
diseases caused by Deficiency of
post synaptic Neiromuscular ACH
Receptor complex, It temporary
paralysis of skeleton muscle leading
to fatigue
Treatment - Neostigamine 15mg every 3-4 hr oral

14. Parasympatholytic/Cholinergic
blockers-The drugs which Block the
parasympatetic
Or Mascarnic Action is called
parasympathomimytic
Classification
a] Natural belladonna alkaloids - Atropine, Hyoscine
B] synthetic compounds
* Mydratics- Cyclopentolate
*Antisecratory- Clidinium
*Antiparkinsonium - Biperiden
*miscellaneous -Antihistamine
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15. Pharmacologicl Action of
ATROPINE
• 1] Secreations-Atropon reduced all excocrine secreation
• 2]Eye- on local instillation atropine produce Mydrriasis
[mydrriasis & cyclopegia is state
• Person fails to response to bright light this term called
PHOTOPHOBIA,. Cyclopegia - a Person
• Can see the object only at long distance ]
• 3]Bronchi - Atropin relaxes smooth muscle of bronchi
• 4]CVS- Increasing heart rate [Tachycardia ] block m2 receptor
• 5]GIT- Atropine reduced Tone, morality, &peristalsis &
causes constipation
• 6]BODY TEMP. - ATROPINE higher dose raises body temp.
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16. Belladonna [Atropine ]poisoning
Causes - overdose, Ingestion, Absorption of dose
Symptoms - 1 dryness of mouth 2 mydrasis 3photophobia
4 hyper pyrexia
Treatment - 1] gastric lavage to remove drug form stomach
2] Admit patient dark room to relive PHOTOPHOBIA
3] use universal antitode after or before gastric lavage
4] Artifishal Respiration
5] intravenous fluid therapy if necessary
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17. Adrenergic Receptor- Two types
A)Alpha receptor- further 2 types
B)Beta receptor-further3types
α1 - EYE, peripheral blood vessels
α2- presynaptic membrane
β1- HEART
β2 -bronchi,urinary smooth muscle
β3 - Adipose tissue [ This tissues outer covering of organ ]
Sympathetic nervous systems

18. Sympathomimetic/ Adrenergic Drugs -
The drugs which produce the similar
by stimulation of sympathetic nervous
systems are called
sympathomimetics
Classification
1) Catecholamine- Noradrenaline, ADRANALIN, isoprenaline
2) Non-catecholamine -Ephedrine, Amphetamines
To Study the Pharmacologicl action of ADRANALIN

19. Pharmacologicl action of
ADRANALIN
1] Heart- Adrenaline act on b2 receptor increased Rate contractions,
[positive chronotropic& positive in it to pick effect
2] Blood vessels - Adrenaline produce peripheral Vasodilation
Adrenaline high dose stimulate Both a1 Vasodilation & b2
Fall In diastolic blood pressure receptor
3] Bronchi - powerfull Bronchodilator due to b2 receptor
4] GI smooth muscle - ADRANALIN relax the smooth muscle & reduced
morality & decrease peristalsis
5] Eye- Adrenaline produce Mydrasis due to contractions of pupil
6] Metabolism-Adrenaline are increased blood sugar level
Enhance hepatic Glycogenolysis
7]CNS-ADRANALIN Therapeutic effect gives tenors restlessness

20. Importance of ADRANALIN
1] It choise for AnaPhylactic shock
2] It used in Acute bronchial asthma
3] in dental pratiace to control bleeding after tooth extraction
4] As local vasocontrictor
5] To control Hemorrhage
So reason to use ADRANALIN in emergency kit of Dr

21. Sympatholytics/ Adrenergic bloker-
These are the drugs which are
blocked The action of sympathetic
nervous systems are called
SYMAPATHOLYTOCS
Classification On Next page

22. Classification
1] α- receptor blockers
* selective α1-blockers =Prazosin
* selective α2-blocker=Yohimbin
*Non-selective α- Blocker=Eargotamine
2] β-receptor blockers [ABP]
* selective β1-blockers= Atenolol
* selective β2-blockers=Butoxamine
*Non -selective β -blocker=Propranolol,
Thimol
3]Both α&β-Receptor blocker= Lebetalol

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