"Whakairo te whenua, Whakairo te tangata: Carve the land, Carve the People " Dr. Simon J. Lambert, Lincoln University, New Zealand, presentation with Indigenous Mapping Network at U.C. Berkeley. THANK YOU to Dr. Joshua Viers, Dept. of Environmental Science and Policy at U.C. Davis, for helping make the presentation, possible. The presentation was also sponsored by The Native American Indian Graduate Student Association and the Asian Pacific Islanders Student group at U.C. Berkeley
National Geospatial Resource Center (NGRC) A Capabilities BriefRosemarie McKeon
The National Geospatial Resource Center (NGRC) provides GIS support services to the Bureau of Indian Affairs including managing an ESRI enterprise license, operating a GIS help desk, providing training, developing maps and data, and managing databases. In 2010, the NGRC's focus is on supporting the Trust Tract Reconciliation initiative through mapping trust lands and developing enterprise geospatial data sets.
Geospatial Agenda for Indian Affairs was an update by the Geospatial Information Officer of the Bureau of Indan Affairs during ESRIUC 2010. Participants from various tribal communities wanted access to these slides and they are provided here as a courtesy and with permission.
The communication plan focused on a four-step process of awareness, understanding, commitment, and action to build the internal brand among employees at Smith & Nephew. The plan prioritized internal communication to ensure employees embodied the brand and could deliver the right behaviors to customers in line with the company's new vision, values, and personality. The overarching aims were to communicate the new brand elements to employees and engage them in their crucial role of realizing the company's vision.
This document discusses the importance of employee retention and engagement for business performance. It provides examples showing that companies with higher employee retention rates experience significantly higher sales and profits. Retention is closely linked to employee engagement. A small number of managers are often responsible for most attrition. The document recommends focusing on high performing "star" employees and solid contributors by providing career growth opportunities, competitive pay, and addressing issues with poor performing managers. It suggests using surveys to measure engagement and tracking attrition data to understand retention issues. Suggested actions include improving communication, compensation, career development programs, and performance management to enhance engagement and retention.
National Geospatial Resource Center (NGRC) A Capabilities BriefRosemarie McKeon
The National Geospatial Resource Center (NGRC) provides GIS support services to the Bureau of Indian Affairs including managing an ESRI enterprise license, operating a GIS help desk, providing training, developing maps and data, and managing databases. In 2010, the NGRC's focus is on supporting the Trust Tract Reconciliation initiative through mapping trust lands and developing enterprise geospatial data sets.
Geospatial Agenda for Indian Affairs was an update by the Geospatial Information Officer of the Bureau of Indan Affairs during ESRIUC 2010. Participants from various tribal communities wanted access to these slides and they are provided here as a courtesy and with permission.
The communication plan focused on a four-step process of awareness, understanding, commitment, and action to build the internal brand among employees at Smith & Nephew. The plan prioritized internal communication to ensure employees embodied the brand and could deliver the right behaviors to customers in line with the company's new vision, values, and personality. The overarching aims were to communicate the new brand elements to employees and engage them in their crucial role of realizing the company's vision.
This document discusses the importance of employee retention and engagement for business performance. It provides examples showing that companies with higher employee retention rates experience significantly higher sales and profits. Retention is closely linked to employee engagement. A small number of managers are often responsible for most attrition. The document recommends focusing on high performing "star" employees and solid contributors by providing career growth opportunities, competitive pay, and addressing issues with poor performing managers. It suggests using surveys to measure engagement and tracking attrition data to understand retention issues. Suggested actions include improving communication, compensation, career development programs, and performance management to enhance engagement and retention.
Questa breve presentazione illustra il codice etico per le attività di passaparola online (WOMMA) ed il decalogo su come contattare i blogger per iniziative di product seeding.
Il primo corso aziendale di Buzz Marketing nei Social Media. Basato sull'esperienza di oltre 100 campagne di Buzz in Italia pianificate da www.promodigital.it. Per info f.corradino@promodigital.it
The document discusses internal branding and its relevance and role for internal communicators. It asks whether the brand is relevant internally, how it has changed internal communicators' jobs, and what their role is in internal branding. It outlines four expressions of a brand: corporate, product, employee, and employer brands. It notes that the product/corporate brand is experienced through product use and advertising, while the employer/employee brand is experienced through recruitment, training, culture and environment. Marketing communicates the external brands while HR and internal communicators are responsible for the internal brands.
This document provides an overview of cultural aspects and stereotypes about Norway. It notes that Norway has a high rate of alcohol consumption despite a reputation for being reserved. It then lists common assumptions Norwegians have about strangers smiling in public and reasons for taking ferries to Denmark. The summary describes Norwegian cultural norms such as shops being closed on Sundays, using "mmm" in conversations, and having wardrobes consisting mostly of black and grey clothes. It concludes by mentioning types of snow and assuming apologies after bumping into someone come from a tourist.
The document summarizes research conducted by Coca-Cola to understand the relationships between employee opinions, behaviors, and retention and the company's financial performance and reputation. The research found several key relationships: high employee engagement is related to improved financial results like revenue and expenses; employee retention drives higher sales volume and performance; and favorable employee opinions correlate with stronger consumer brand perception and higher market share. The results supported Coca-Cola's focus on employee experience or "People" initiatives to boost business outcomes.
The document provides information about Jamaica, including:
- Key facts about its location, size, and geography.
- National emblems like the coat of arms, flag, bird, tree, and flower.
- Details on the history, culture, and language of the Jamaican people.
- Descriptions of popular destinations, attractions, cuisine, and nightlife in Jamaica to immerse yourself in the local experience.
- Contact information for the author, a graduate student studying Jamaica.
This presentation shows the importance of folklore by looking at five different indigineous cultures. It educates readers on how sustainability and folklore are very much a part of each other.
Pacific Regional Policy Setting Workshop:
Improved Linkages Between Agriculture, Trade and Tourism: Strengthening the Local Agrifood Sector and Promoting Healthy Food in Agritourism.
Workshop organised by the Technical Centre of Agriculture and Rural Cooperation(CTA), IFAD, PIPSO, SPTO and The Pacific Community.
1st and 2nd April, 2019, Nadi, Fiji
This document provides information on the breadfruit tree (Artocarpus altilis), including its taxonomy, origins, distribution, importance as a food crop, varieties, and conservation efforts. It describes breadfruit's nutritional value and various uses. Key points include that breadfruit is native to New Guinea and western Micronesia, was spread throughout the Pacific by humans, and its introduction to the Caribbean was led by Captain Bligh in the late 18th century. Over 100 varieties have been identified. Conservation programs aim to preserve breadfruit diversity and habitats for threatened endemic species.
Seaweeds and People and of the Canadian West coast by Bridgette Clarkstonbclarkston
A short intro to seaweeds and their relationship to people (history, uses) for a public workshop in Tofino, B.C. in 2014 for Raincoast Education Society
An overview of the Ohloné way of life before Europeans invaded California. How did people live in the Bay Area before contact with Europeans? The impact of Spanish contact is briefly addressed.
The indigenous people of Australia, also known as Aborigines, have the oldest surviving culture in the world dating back over 60,000 years. Their culture and beliefs are deeply connected to the land, as they see themselves as being derived from ancestral beings that created the land's significant geographical features. They passed down their cultural knowledge through oral storytelling traditions like Dreamtime myths. While their technology did not progress in the same way as other parts of the world, their spiritual beliefs and ceremonies, like initiation rituals and rock art, have endured for thousands of years and maintain an important link to their history and connection to the land.
This document provides an overview of the origins and development of agriculture. It discusses how early civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, China and other regions began cultivating crops and domesticating animals, leading to the establishment of settled communities. Key crops that were domesticated include rice, soybeans, sorghum, maize and many fruits and vegetables. The document also examines the history and spread of agriculture from its centers of origin to other parts of the world, and outlines the development of agriculture in regions like the Philippines under Spanish and American rule.
This document summarizes a presentation about surveys conducted for two species at risk: Flammulated Owl and Olive-sided Flycatcher. It provides introductions of the presenters and an overview of the project objectives to identify occupied habitat on reserves and build capacity with local technicians. Preliminary results of the road transect surveys for each species are described. It also discusses the importance of dry fir and pine habitat to Indigenous culture and how a previous Western Screech-Owl inventory led to transmission line relocation. The presentation closes with a discussion of balancing economic development and natural resource management.
The document compares the traditional foods and housing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. It notes that Aboriginal people were nomadic hunter-gatherers, while Torres Strait Islanders engaged in agriculture and lived in permanent settlements where they built houses from long-lasting materials. The document also discusses the clans of Torres Strait Islanders and the important role that totems, or symbolic natural objects, played in their culture.
Questa breve presentazione illustra il codice etico per le attività di passaparola online (WOMMA) ed il decalogo su come contattare i blogger per iniziative di product seeding.
Il primo corso aziendale di Buzz Marketing nei Social Media. Basato sull'esperienza di oltre 100 campagne di Buzz in Italia pianificate da www.promodigital.it. Per info f.corradino@promodigital.it
The document discusses internal branding and its relevance and role for internal communicators. It asks whether the brand is relevant internally, how it has changed internal communicators' jobs, and what their role is in internal branding. It outlines four expressions of a brand: corporate, product, employee, and employer brands. It notes that the product/corporate brand is experienced through product use and advertising, while the employer/employee brand is experienced through recruitment, training, culture and environment. Marketing communicates the external brands while HR and internal communicators are responsible for the internal brands.
This document provides an overview of cultural aspects and stereotypes about Norway. It notes that Norway has a high rate of alcohol consumption despite a reputation for being reserved. It then lists common assumptions Norwegians have about strangers smiling in public and reasons for taking ferries to Denmark. The summary describes Norwegian cultural norms such as shops being closed on Sundays, using "mmm" in conversations, and having wardrobes consisting mostly of black and grey clothes. It concludes by mentioning types of snow and assuming apologies after bumping into someone come from a tourist.
The document summarizes research conducted by Coca-Cola to understand the relationships between employee opinions, behaviors, and retention and the company's financial performance and reputation. The research found several key relationships: high employee engagement is related to improved financial results like revenue and expenses; employee retention drives higher sales volume and performance; and favorable employee opinions correlate with stronger consumer brand perception and higher market share. The results supported Coca-Cola's focus on employee experience or "People" initiatives to boost business outcomes.
The document provides information about Jamaica, including:
- Key facts about its location, size, and geography.
- National emblems like the coat of arms, flag, bird, tree, and flower.
- Details on the history, culture, and language of the Jamaican people.
- Descriptions of popular destinations, attractions, cuisine, and nightlife in Jamaica to immerse yourself in the local experience.
- Contact information for the author, a graduate student studying Jamaica.
This presentation shows the importance of folklore by looking at five different indigineous cultures. It educates readers on how sustainability and folklore are very much a part of each other.
Pacific Regional Policy Setting Workshop:
Improved Linkages Between Agriculture, Trade and Tourism: Strengthening the Local Agrifood Sector and Promoting Healthy Food in Agritourism.
Workshop organised by the Technical Centre of Agriculture and Rural Cooperation(CTA), IFAD, PIPSO, SPTO and The Pacific Community.
1st and 2nd April, 2019, Nadi, Fiji
This document provides information on the breadfruit tree (Artocarpus altilis), including its taxonomy, origins, distribution, importance as a food crop, varieties, and conservation efforts. It describes breadfruit's nutritional value and various uses. Key points include that breadfruit is native to New Guinea and western Micronesia, was spread throughout the Pacific by humans, and its introduction to the Caribbean was led by Captain Bligh in the late 18th century. Over 100 varieties have been identified. Conservation programs aim to preserve breadfruit diversity and habitats for threatened endemic species.
Seaweeds and People and of the Canadian West coast by Bridgette Clarkstonbclarkston
A short intro to seaweeds and their relationship to people (history, uses) for a public workshop in Tofino, B.C. in 2014 for Raincoast Education Society
An overview of the Ohloné way of life before Europeans invaded California. How did people live in the Bay Area before contact with Europeans? The impact of Spanish contact is briefly addressed.
The indigenous people of Australia, also known as Aborigines, have the oldest surviving culture in the world dating back over 60,000 years. Their culture and beliefs are deeply connected to the land, as they see themselves as being derived from ancestral beings that created the land's significant geographical features. They passed down their cultural knowledge through oral storytelling traditions like Dreamtime myths. While their technology did not progress in the same way as other parts of the world, their spiritual beliefs and ceremonies, like initiation rituals and rock art, have endured for thousands of years and maintain an important link to their history and connection to the land.
This document provides an overview of the origins and development of agriculture. It discusses how early civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, China and other regions began cultivating crops and domesticating animals, leading to the establishment of settled communities. Key crops that were domesticated include rice, soybeans, sorghum, maize and many fruits and vegetables. The document also examines the history and spread of agriculture from its centers of origin to other parts of the world, and outlines the development of agriculture in regions like the Philippines under Spanish and American rule.
This document summarizes a presentation about surveys conducted for two species at risk: Flammulated Owl and Olive-sided Flycatcher. It provides introductions of the presenters and an overview of the project objectives to identify occupied habitat on reserves and build capacity with local technicians. Preliminary results of the road transect surveys for each species are described. It also discusses the importance of dry fir and pine habitat to Indigenous culture and how a previous Western Screech-Owl inventory led to transmission line relocation. The presentation closes with a discussion of balancing economic development and natural resource management.
The document compares the traditional foods and housing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. It notes that Aboriginal people were nomadic hunter-gatherers, while Torres Strait Islanders engaged in agriculture and lived in permanent settlements where they built houses from long-lasting materials. The document also discusses the clans of Torres Strait Islanders and the important role that totems, or symbolic natural objects, played in their culture.
This document discusses traditional Māori practices surrounding pregnancy, birth, and babies. It begins by introducing Māori concepts like whakapapa (genealogy), hapū (subtribe), and iwi (tribe) that are important for understanding tikanga (customs). It then describes traditional birthing practices like home births, the role of midwives, burying the placenta, and naming ceremonies. The document emphasizes the importance of connecting to whenua (land), whakapapa, and spirituality. It stresses well-being of both body and spirit during pregnancy according to tikanga.
Pumpkins originated in North and Central America and were an important part of Native American diets. European settlers adopted pumpkins after Native Americans introduced them, as pumpkins stored well through winter and helped prevent starvation. Today, pumpkins are celebrated in many cultures and used widely in cooking, with traditions including pumpkin pie, carving pumpkins at Halloween, and pumpkin dishes from regions like South Africa, Hungary, Japan, and beyond.
Major species and types of cultures brazilKunal Sinha
Brazil has a long coastline and diverse aquaculture industry. The main species cultured are tilapia, carp, shrimp, mollusks and other freshwater fish. Tilapia farming is concentrated in ponds and accounts for over 200,000 tonnes of Brazil's annual production. Other common species include P. vannamei shrimp, oysters, catfish and native species like tambaqui. Aquaculture occurs in all regions and utilizes various culture systems depending on the local climate and native species.
Sociology and Anthropology Report in Transcultural Nursing featuring selected...Hannah Enot
The document summarizes several indigenous tribal groups in the Philippines, including their origins, cultures, economic activities, health beliefs and statuses. It discusses the Aeta, who originated from Borneo; the Malays, the last immigrants from Asia; the T'boli, who live in Cotabato and practice animism; the Tagbanua, one of the oldest ethnic groups living traditionally in Palawan; and the Badjao, a nomadic seafaring people from the Sulu Sea. The tribes have diverse cultures and economies including hunting, farming, fishing, and crafts, and maintain traditional health and religious beliefs involving spirits, though many also seek medical care. Diseases such as malnutrition, respiratory illnesses and
The document provides information about Kenya, including its capital, currency, languages spoken, type of government, and time zone. It discusses Kenya's great wildlife migrations, iconic tribes like the Maasai, beaches, and ancient coastal history. It notes there are 9 AIESEC entities in Kenya with 1180 members who facilitate exchanges. The unique culture is described through music, art, and traditions. Typical foods include ugali, sukuma wiki, chapatis, and stews. Recommended places to visit are national parks featuring wildlife, Lake Nakuru for flamingos, Lamu Island's old town, and Mount Kenya. The top 10 things to do highlight safaris, witnessing wildebeest migrations, relaxing on
Pacific Coast krill, or euphausiids, play an important ecological role in the California Current system as a food source for whales, fish, birds and other marine life. The document discusses two dominant krill species, Euphausia pacifica and Thysanoessa spinifera, and proposes prohibiting krill fishing in U.S. West Coast waters to protect krill populations and the predators that depend on them, given increasing interest in krill fisheries for aquaculture, supplements and other products. While little is known about krill populations, management is needed now to prevent overfishing should krill harvesting begin in the future.
SafeSpear, LLC is launching a new product called the Lionfish Kit to help address the invasive lionfish problem in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico. The kit includes a patented polespear and other lionfish-specific fishing gear to safely catch and remove lionfish. Lionfish are a highly successful invasive species due to their lack of natural predators, venomous spines, and extremely high reproduction rates of up to 2 million eggs per female per year. SafeSpear hopes to support lionfish removal efforts and donate proceeds to local conservation groups.
Similar to Dr. Simon J. Lambert Presentation - Indigenous Mapping Network Student Chapter at UCB 16OCT2009 (20)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
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আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
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Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
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Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptxKavitha Krishnan
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
Dr. Simon J. Lambert Presentation - Indigenous Mapping Network Student Chapter at UCB 16OCT2009
1.
2. Whakairo te whenua
Whakairo te tangata
Carve the Land/Carve the People
Dr. Simon Lambert
Agribusiness and Economics Research Unit
Lincoln University
simon.lambert@lincoln.ac.nz
3. Ko Panekire te
maunga
Ko Waikaremoana te
roto
Ko Waikaretaheke
te awa
Ngati Ruapani me
Tuhoe nga iwi
Ko Te Kuha me
Waimako nga marae
4. Outline
• Geohistorical backgrounder
• Basic Maori environmental concepts
• Research projects
• Musing on Maori cultural political-economy
• The End …
5. Nga Ingoa Tawhito
An ancient cultural landscape
Te Hiku o Te Ika
!"#$ Tikitiki a Taranga
!"#$%&#&#'()*+,-./0#$12&34
Te Kauae o Te Ika
Te Tau Ihu o Te Waka
Te Upoko o te Ika
!"#!$%&$'%#(#!"#)$*$#$#+,%- Rekohu
Te Waipounamu / South Island
Te Punga o Te Waka
Rakiura / Stewart Island
11. 1. Whakapapa
• Genealogy…‘to make layers’
• Everything has a whakapapa
– Birds, fish, animals, trees, rocks, mountains
…and Homo sapiens
12. Whakapapa
RANGINUI PAPATUANUKU
Tumatauenga Tane Mahuta Rongomatane Haumiatiketike Tangaroa Tawhirimatea
WARFARE FORESTS CULTIVATED WILD SEA, & WINDS &
HUMAN AFFAIRS BIRDS, INSECTS FOODS FOODS FISHES STORMS
Tane Hineahuone
People
•Separation, Patrons
•Tane
•Story of first woman
13. 2. Papatuanuku
• Earth Mother
• Stemming from whakapapa as a personification
of the environment
Hone Tuwhare A Biography by Janet Hunt
Papatuanuku
We are stroking, caressing the spine
of the land.
We are massaging the ricked
back of the land
With our sore but ever-loving feet.
Hell, she loves it!
Squirming, the land wriggles
in delight.
We love her.
•Ranginui
By Hone Tuwhare tears
15. 3. Whanaungatanga
• Relatedness, kinship, family
• We are related to all things
– Whenua = Land = Placenta
– Te u kai po = Home place = to be breastfed
• Therefore we respect the world as family
• Humans in Nature, not Humans and Nature
16. 4.. Kaitiakitanga
• The exercise of guardianship
• ‘tiaki’ = guard, look after, protect
• Kaitiaki is the person doing the guarding
• Means looking after natural resources, as
one’s own blood and bones
• We should care for a degraded habitat as we
would a sick family member
17. • These environmental concepts are also
social concepts.
• In combination they reflect our socio-
ecological resilience
19. Domesticated species utilised by pre-5-3/&5/#'(-.*6#&34#-.*7*3
Origin
Crop
Aute (Broussonetia papyrifera) Japan, Taiwan
Kumara (Ipomoea batatas) South America
Hue (Lagenaria vulgaris/L. siceraria) “ “
Uwhi (Dioscoria spp.) Southeast Asia
Taro (Colocasia esculenta, C. South Central Asia
antiquorum)
Ti pore (Cordyline fruticosa) W. Polynesia/ Kermadec
Karaka (Cocynocarpus laevigata) “ “
Source: Crosby 1986; Thompson 1922; Best 1976.
20.
21.
22. Domesticated crop species utilized by post-5-3/&5/#'(-.*6#
ancestral origin, and earliest observation in New Zealand
Crop Origin Earliest known use
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Andes 1769 (Du Surville)
Wheat (Triticum spp.) Mesopotamia “
Maize (Zea mays) Mesoamerica “
Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) Mediterranean 1773 Dusky Sound (Cook &
Carrot (Daucus carota) Central Asia Furneaux)
Parsley (Petroselenium crispum) Mediterranean “
Parsnip (Peucedanum sativum) “ “
Pea (Pisum sativum) Mediterranean/C. Asia “
Radish (Raphanus sativus) Mediterranean “
Turnip (Brassica. rapa, B. campestris) Mediterranean/Afghanistan “
Peach (Amygdalus persica)
Cherry (Prunus cerasus) China 1814 (Bay of Islands) early C19th
Watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris) Central Asia <1820
Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) Asia 1820 Motuara (Bellinghausen)
Marrow (C. ovifera) Mexico <1837
Cucumber (C. sativus) “ <1837
Grape (Vitis vinifera) India/Southeast Asia 1838 Thames
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) Middle Asia <1840 Otago Harbour
Watercress (Nasturtium officiale) Mediterranean 1850s Canterbury
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Americas 1867
Source: Thompson 1922; Smartt and Simmonds 1995
23.
24. Maori cultural political-economy?
But what of culture? In general? For Maori?
• Te Ture Whenua Maori Act (1993)
• Retention, use, development, and control.
• Maori educational and research initiatives
• wananga
• Stronger Maori presence (amidst less secure
society!)
• Greater Maori capital
– financial, natural, human, social…cultural?
27. Tuhoe kiwi project
• Introduced predators have had a devastating
impact on kiwi population
• Kill young
• Human help necessary
Dead Stoat Live Kiwi
28. Tuhoe kiwi project
• Predator-free
enclosure
• Kiwi kept there until
large enough to fend for
themselves (1 kg)
34. Aerial application of 1080
• Mainly for possum and
rabbit control
• Helicopter or fixed-wing
aircraft
• 1080 in cereal or carrot
• Public acceptability?
35. Results
63 ppb
MDL 3 ppb
1 3 7 10 17
Time (Days)
Values show maximum in plants with 1080 bait at each time point
36. Led to 1080 Database
• To aid Maori communities access to scientific
information on 1080, helping them to make
their own risk assessment
• Find, review, and summarise all existing ‘peer-
reviewed’ material on this subject
• Make all literature available (where legal)
www.lincoln.ac.nz/1080
37.
38.
39.
40. Customary Fisheries Research
• National Inst. for Water & Atmospheric research
(NIWA)… “ a collaborative case study approach to assist Tangata
Whenua bring together different, yet complimentary, knowledge systems.
With this combined knowledge, Tangata Whenua will be able to: protect
their values, identify their goals and collaboratively develop culturally
appropriate, robust and practical management strategies and tools.”
• CSAFE (Otago) “Te Tiaki Mahinga Kai's vision is for sustained
enhancement of the cultural, economic, social and environmental well being
of !"%&$ and New Zealand as a whole through the application of '"()#&)*+)
and science associated with mahinga kai to modern customary fisheries
practices”
• Presaged by Cultural Health Index (CHI) work of Gail Tipa.
42. Musing on a Maori cultural
political-economy
• Economic geography
43. Words and Numbers…
‘recession’ • 2
‘environment’ • 12.6%
• 4%
‘environmental
management’ • 29th
‘sustainability’
‘culture’
44. “Our fate as a people is intertwined with the
economic development of New Zealand. We
believe that growth in the economy is essential. If
there is no growth we realise we will slip behind
further and that our people will be the major
sufferers. Our urgent requirement is growth in the
economy.”
(Ralph Love, Hui Taumata, 1984)
45. 15-24 25-44 45-64 Tot. 15+ Tane Wahine
Year
1986 7.9 3.2 1.9 4.1 3.6 4.8
1991 18.8 8.8 6.1 10.3 10.9 9.6
1996 11.8 5.2 3.9 6.1 6.1 6.1
2001 11.8 4.4 3.4 5.3 5.3 5.3
2006 9.6 2.9 2.1 3.8 3.5 4.1
2007 9.7 2.7 1.8 3.6 3.3 3.9
“A recession is when you haven’t got a job…
…a depression is when I haven’t.”
46. A Maori economy?
! has a higher savings rate than rest of NZ economy
(‘saving’ close to $900m in 2001 compared to non-!"#$%
being almost $1.8 billion dollars in deficit)
! is more profitable than the NZ economy (at 1.4% or
$1.150 billion in 2001, it generated 2% of New
Zealand’s operating surplus)
! !"#$%-owned commercial assets were estimated to be
worth $16.5 billion in 2005/06, which is more than
double the $7.5 billion of 2001
! !"#$% households contribute about $100m more in tax
than they receive back.
47. Farming, Forestry, Fishing
! !"%&$,-)./,0$+*$1$2)*(,
ownership interests
involving New Zealand’s
primary sector:
! 40 % of New Zealand’s seafood
industry,
! 20 % of marine aquaculture
space,
! 10 % of New Zealand’s exotic
forest estate (likely to increase as
further Treaty of Waitangi
claims are settled)
! approx. 7.5 % of pastoral
3&%4#2($%*,$0,1&%',!"%&$,%5*/4,
land.
48. ! Historic land losses and confiscations, and egislative impediments
! Huge debt was often incurred in buying back land
! Major development work to be done – often with insufficient
capital to do it quickly, and constrained by customary nature of
land title
! The large and increasing number of shareholders each
incorporation has to support.
! The large areas farmed means the sector has to be managed and
governed in a more corporate fashion.
49. Farming, Fishing, Forestry
! farm 67,89*+:7,3"'#7,;-/,1)'$<=,)<<,<$./4,)*4,
worked on the farm. I noho katoa te whanau i runga i
!"#$%&'(#)#(#&"#!"#&)*+#),-#*./+.
! >7,')-$,3"'#7,;-/,!)%&$,?*2%&3%&)($%*0,
farmed their lands well. 0#$)+#!"#&)*+#$%&'#)#,1)#
Kaporeihana Maori i o ratou whenua.
52. 4325,000km rivers & streams
3,820 lakes larger that 1hectare
200 groundwater bodies
55% of all water allocated in Canterbury (MfE, 2006)
Treaty of Waitangi & Crown-iwi relationships
Resource Management Act & Local Government Act
National Policy Statements & National Environmental Standards
Regional Policy Statements & Long-term Community Council Plans
53. Agricultural production increased by 38% on
declining area of farmland (-3%)
(OECD, 2008)
when I actually started the process, I actually thought I would sit
on the fence, because I'm an irrigator, and there is room for
irrigation. And there's room for the environment.
In the future, I don't -- there is no way -- there's not enough water
for irrigation, the way they're using it. We're round about between
800 and 1000 litres of water to produce one litre of milk - in the
Amuri Basin. And you just can't keep doing that.
54. Water is not I'm convinced with 95% of
always at the our water going out to sea,
right place at that if it's properly organised
the right time with storage… there's plenty
for everybody. There's plenty
(MfE, 2008)
for the water sports.
Per capita – estimated
demand for water 2-3 times
higher in NZ than other
OECD counties
(OECD, 2008)
55.
56. They think dairy's the
that the dairy industry has savior. Well, dairy's going
geared itself up in terms of to be the biggest bomb
cost structures that -- in a way that's ever hit New
that reflects the current market Zealand… [it’ll go kaput]
return. And when the market within the next 12 to 18
comes off its extraordinary months.
high peak, as commodities
always have and always will,
it's going to kill a lot of dairy
farmers.
57. Whakairo te tangata,
Whakairo te whenua?
• So ‘what’ (as in where) is our geography?
• What economic model do we follow?
• How are we going to ‘shape’ the people… how
are we going to carve the land?!
• What is our vision?
58. So, what about the recession?
The most staggering phenomenon of this latest
crisis of capitalism is the lack of alternatives…
…have we failed the world?
59. Whakairo te tangata,
Whakairo te whenua?
• Whakapapa - we all contribute to the layering of this
Planet.
• Papatuanuku - Is she reduced to a metaphor?
• Whanaungatanga - Many of our families are struggling
despite growing Maori economy.
• Kaitiakitanga - Do we consign our kaitiaki role to
contractors?
60. Re-indigenising Humanity
(Dan Longboat)
• Through the re-
establishment of a
holistic interpretation of
life processes;
• Re-focusing our • Supporting like-
relationships with each minded individuals
other and our and communities, and
surroundings to bring • The practical
about this change; implementation of
what we learn.