This document appears to be a program for the Alan Johns Memorial Lecture. It includes an agenda and schedule for the multiple day event, with sessions covering various topics in eye health from Monday to Thursday. Logistical information is provided such as venue details, a social program, and exhibition times. The cover image features the national bird of India.

1. The Alan Johns Memorial Lecture
Serge Resnikoff MD, PhD
Welcome
Welcome 2
About IAPB & organising
partner L VPrasad Eye Institute 6
Thanks to sponsors & supporters 9
IAPB awards 10
Guest & Keynote speakers 13
Eye health heroes 14
IAPB meetings 16
Programme at a glance 18
Assembly information
General information 21
Venue map 23
Exhibition map & exhibitors 24
Shuttle bus schedule 26
Social programme
Welcome reception 29
Gala dinner 29
Vision for Everyone...Everywhere;
Launch Party 29
Dialogue in the dark 30
LVPEI’s Village Vision
Complex Tour 30
Programme: Days 1 - 4
DAY1 - Monday 17th 33
DAY2 - Tuesday 18th 55
DAY3 - Wednesday 19th 71
DAY4 - Thursday 20th 93
Satellite Programme
At a glance 102
Days 1 - 4 104
Exhibitors’ Profiles 113
Global Sponsors and Supporters
International Sponsors and Supporters
Regional Sponsors and Supporters
Monday 17th
09:00 - 17:00
Tuesday 18th
09:00 - 17:00
Wednesday 19th
09:00 - 17:00
Thursday 20th
9:00 - 14:00
Exhibition Times
Cover image: national bird of India

2. Alan Johns CMG OBE
1931 – 1995
Bangladesh 1983

3. The Alan Johns Memorial Lecture
13 Years After: are we still on track?
Welcome
Welcome 2
About IAPB & organising
partner L VPrasad Eye Institute 6
Thanks to sponsors & supporters 9
IAPB awards 10
Guest & Keynote speakers 13
Eye health heroes 14
IAPB meetings 16
Programme at a glance 18
Assembly information
General information 21
Venue map 23
Exhibition map & exhibitors 24
Shuttle bus schedule 26
Social programme
Welcome reception 29
Gala dinner 29
Vision for Everyone...Everywhere;
Launch Party 29
Dialogue in the dark 30
LVPEI’s Village Vision
Complex Tour 30
Programme: Days 1 - 4
DAY1 - Monday 17th 33
DAY2 - Tuesday 18th 55
DAY3 - Wednesday 19th 71
DAY4 - Thursday 20th 93
Satellite Programme
At a glance 102
Days 1 - 4 104
Exhibitors’ Profiles 113
Global Sponsors and Supporters
International Sponsors and Supporters
Regional Sponsors and Supporters
Monday 17th
09:00 - 17:00
Tuesday 18th
09:00 - 17:00
Wednesday 19th
09:00 - 17:00
Thursday 20th
9:00 - 14:00
Exhibition Times
Cover image: national bird of India

4. 4
Global blindness
1998 - 2020
Scenario without additional action
Million
blind
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1998 2020
x 2

5. 5
Global Distribution of Blindness by Cause
(WHO/PBL, 1995)
Cataract
42 %
Trachoma
15 %
Glaucoma
14%
Oncho.
1 %
Other
28 %
URE ?
DR ?
AMD ?

6. 6
The Global Initiative for the
Elimination of Avoidable Blindness
WHO
NGOs
TF IAPB
The Global Initiative
for the Elimination of Avoidable Blindness
by 2020
Aim: “to intensify and accelerate present prevention of blindness activities
so as to achieve the goal of eliminating avoidable blindness by the year 2020”
Countries

7. 7
The Global Initiative for the
Elimination of Avoidable Blindness
0
20
40
60
80
100
2000 2010 2020
The Global
Initiative
Million
blind
Trend

8. 8
“VISION 2020 - the Right to Sight”
launched on 18 February 1999
by Dr G. H. Brundtland
WHO Director General

9. 1999
Kosovo
East Timor

10. 1999
Decision taken…

11. 1999

12. VISION 2020
1999 - 2012
Percentage of individuals using the Internet

13. 1999 - 2012
VISION 2020
Mobile-cellular subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

14. © 2012 Yahoo! Inc.
1.50K
2.00K
2.50K
3.00K
3.50K
4.00K
4.50K
5.00K
1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
NASDAQ Composite index Feb 1999 – Sept 2012
VISION 2020

15. Eye Care 1999 - 2012
ICCE
ECCE SICS
Phaco Femto L. ?
Anti-VEGF

16. 16
Global cataract targets
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2010 2020
Cataract
operations
(millions)

17. 17
Global cataract targets
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
1995 2000 2010 2020
Cataract
operations
(millions)

18. Global Health 1999 – 2012

19. Obsession with epidemic outbreaks
• SARS in 2003 : 8000 cases, 800 deaths
• Avian Flu H5N1 in 2004:
– “could kill 150 Mo people” (Chief Avian Flu
Coordinator for the United Nations)
– $10 Billion spent in a couple of weeks
– 46 cases, 32 deaths
• Swine Flu H1N1 panic in 2009
– Case fatality rate 1/3 of seasonal flu
• Contrast with little interest in chronic conditions

20. Pre-VISION 2020
Main International Players
1946 (Relief in Europe)
1969
1948
1944 (reconstruction)
1996
1987
1999: 300+ organizations listed as active in International Health

21. Post-VISION 2020
New Major International Players
2006 - $ 1.5 Bo
2000 – 2006 - $ 3 Bo
Aug 1999 - $ 2.5 Bo
2002 - $ 3 Bo
2002 – $ 161 Mo
ADFm
2009
2001 – IDF
2001, 2006, 2010
NCDs
UHC

22. Current Major International Players
2012: 500+ organizations listed as active in International Health

23. Trends in Development Assistance for Health
Ch J L Murray et al. Lancet Jul 2011
« Shift in the balance of contributions
between the different channels, with UN
agencies playing a smaller role and the
Global Fund, GAVI, US and UK bilateral
aid, and the Gates Foundation growing in
importance ».
$27 Bo
« Funding for HIV/AIDS continued to
rise, while programmes targeting
maternal, newborn, and child health
received the second largest share.
Non-communicable diseases received
the least amount of funding
compared with other health areas »

24. Misfinancing global health: a case for transparency in disbursements and decision making
Devi Sridhar, Rajaie Batniji, Lancet 2008
Visual Impairment
*

25. 1999 - 2012

26. 1999 - 2012
Social Determinants of Health

27. NTDs
2003 2010 2011 2012

28. Attributable fractions
Population level
Intervention
Risk Factors

29. NCDs and Chronic Diseases
2005
Risk Factors Approach
Population-based
Interventions

30. Pan Retinal Photocoagulation Carpet-Bombing
Diabetes Primary prevention
In addition to
Diabetic Retinopathy management

31. New metrics for
Health System Performance
(Fairness, Responsiveness…)
Focus on importance of
Health System Financing and
Out of Pocket Expenditures

32. CMH: 2000 - 2008
10% improvement in life expectancy is associated with
annual economic growth increases of 0·3–0·4%
« Improved health contributes to economic growth »

33. WHR 2010

34. WHR 2010

35. Universal Health Coverage “Movement”
• Universal Health Coverage:
“everyone can use the health services
that they need ”
• At the centre of UHC is a package of services
that are available when needed without
causing financial hardship to the user

36. UHC: no longer a distant dream?
• The 25 wealthiest nations all now have some form of
universal coverage (apart from the USA).
• Also several middle-income countries: e.g. Brazil,
Mexico, and Thailand
• Lower-income nations are making progress e.g. the
Philippines, Vietnam, Rwanda, and Ghana, India, South
Africa, and China
• Cross-country learning have developed, e.g. the Joint
Learning Network (Ghana, Mali, Nigeria, Kenya,
Vietnam, Thailand, India, Indonesia, the Philippines,
and Malaysia)
• Adapting rather than adopting what others do.

37. Lessons learnt
• UHC in isolation is no guarantee of effcient care.
• UHC reforms must be accompanied by measures to ensure
that :
– services are available and of good quality;
– health workers are well trained, motivated, and close to people;
– drugs and equipment are available and distributed
appropriately.
• UHC requires multi- sectoral collaboration with ministries
and institutions dealing with fiscal and monetary policy,
education, labour and social security
• Strong political leadership and commitment is important to
make such collaboration work.

38. Where is the money coming from?
Is International Aid needed?
• On the one hand, UHC has to be driven by forces
from within a country, not from outside. In that
respect Aid is not the answer.
Government expenditures for health from countries’
own sources: US$410 Bo in the developing world in
2009, i.e. 16 times larger than the total development
assistance for health. Even in the African region,
external sources represent only 11% of the funds spent
on health.
• On the other hand, International Aid is necessary
in lowest income countries ($40 billion per year)

39. Issues related to the package of services
• UHC is always defined in terms of coverage of a
minimum basic package of health needs
• Usually prioritises effective low-cost interventions
for the excess disease burden of the local
population
• Typically:
– group I diseases (Comm. D. and MCH conditions)
– and a subset of group II (NCD) and group III (trauma)
diseases that can also be addressed with high
effectiveness at low cost.

40. Issues related to User Fees
• « Direct out-of-pocket payments levied at the
time when people need services not only
inhibit the poor and disadvantaged from
seeking health care, but are also a major
cause of impoverishment for many who obtain
it » (David Evans et al. WHO, Lancet, 2012)

41. Issues related to User Fees
• « Regardless of the euphemism chosen to
describe shared payments, they are in reality
a locked gate that prevents access to health
care for many who need it most. They should
be scrapped » (Lancet, Editorial 8 Sept 2012)
End of cost-recovery?

42. Great transitions in health
• First: demographic transition
• Second: epidemiological transition
• Third: Universal Health Coverage
Health is a Right
Health is a Collective Good
Is Sight a Collective Good (?)

43. Many things have changed
However, …

44. Global Causes of Blindness
URE, 3
Glauc,
8
CO, 4
Tra, 3
DR,
1
AMD, 5
Child
Bl, 4 Und.,
21
Cataract
42 %
Other
28
Glauc.,
14
Tra.,
15
Oncho.,
1
Cataract
51 %
1995 2010

45. Global Causes of Visual Impairment
Cataract, 33%
Glaucoma, 2%
AMD, 1%
CO, 1%
ChBl, 1%
Trachoma, 1%
URE, 42%
DR, 1% Undetermined,
18%
, 0 , 0
WHO/NMH/PBD/12.01
Cat + URE = 75%
+
Presbyopia
Cat + D & N URE = 91%

48. Thank you