This document advertises presentations by Dr. Don Reid on resolving occlusion confusion and treatment planning. It summarizes three of his presentation topics: 1) Resolving Occlusion Confusion, which helps understand occlusion through teeth, bones, muscles and joints; 2) Facially Generated Treatment Plans, which teaches diagnostic principles for occlusion and esthetics in treatment planning; 3) TMJ Cured: Fixing the Bite is the Answer, which explores why TMJ issues occur and various treatment options. The document promotes Dr. Reid's expertise in treating complicated occlusions and bite disorders through his international lectures.
Dentists examine patients' teeth and mouth tissue to diagnose and treat problems. Some specialize in areas like orthodontics or oral surgery. Dentists complete 4 years of dental school after 2 years of prerequisite education. They treat conditions like cavities, gum disease, and tooth alignment issues. Most dentists work part-time schedules of 35-40 hours per week and earn a median salary of $133,742. Employment opportunities are expected to grow due to retiring dentists and an increasing demand for dental care services.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses early vs late orthodontic treatment. It provides definitions and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of early treatment. It describes different types of early treatment including growth modification devices, open bite correction, arch length discrepancy correction, eruption disturbances, and phase I treatment. It discusses how devices like headgears and functional appliances can be used for growth modification and provides examples of studies that have examined the effects of these appliances on craniofacial growth.
This document discusses suction and retractors used in oral and maxillofacial surgery. It describes the objective of suction as removing fluids, blood, debris, and air from the surgical site to maintain a clear field of view. It outlines different types of suction instruments including tips, tubing, and devices. It also discusses various surgical retractors, their importance for providing exposure and separation of tissues during surgery, materials used, and types including self-retaining retractors. The document serves as a reference for suction and retraction tools in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
This document discusses treatment planning in orthodontics. It begins by defining treatment planning and outlining its goals, which include achieving functional occlusion, jaw function, and aesthetics. It then describes the logical sequence of treatment planning, which involves prioritizing problems, considering treatment possibilities, evaluating interactions, and developing alternative plans while considering risks and costs. Key aspects of treatment planning discussed include pathological versus developmental problems, setting treatment priorities, evaluating treatment possibilities, compromising when goals cannot all be fully achieved, and the importance of timing treatment appropriately based on a patient's age. The document also outlines principles of orthodontic triage and maximizing esthetic outcomes at both the macro and micro levels.
The document discusses the role of orthodontics in distraction osteogenesis. It states that the relationship between orthodontists and oral surgeons is relatively new. While surgeons can make gross facial changes, orthodontists provide fine-tuning of results. Application of distraction osteogenesis to craniofacial areas is also recent, defining the orthodontic role. Cephalometric analysis is important for planning distraction procedures by determining the needed amount, placement, and orientation of distraction. Ratios are more reliable than individual measurements for accounting for individual size differences.
This document provides an overview of adjunctive orthodontic treatment for adults. It discusses the differences between adjunctive and comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Adjunctive treatment aims to facilitate other dental procedures by repositioning teeth, while comprehensive treatment focuses on achieving an ideal occlusion and may involve orthognathic surgery. The document outlines various procedures used in adjunctive treatment, including uprighting posterior teeth, crossbite correction, and forced eruption. It also discusses biomechanical considerations, timing of treatment, and alignment of anterior teeth.
Treatment planning /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Dentists examine patients' teeth and mouth tissue to diagnose and treat problems. Some specialize in areas like orthodontics or oral surgery. Dentists complete 4 years of dental school after 2 years of prerequisite education. They treat conditions like cavities, gum disease, and tooth alignment issues. Most dentists work part-time schedules of 35-40 hours per week and earn a median salary of $133,742. Employment opportunities are expected to grow due to retiring dentists and an increasing demand for dental care services.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses early vs late orthodontic treatment. It provides definitions and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of early treatment. It describes different types of early treatment including growth modification devices, open bite correction, arch length discrepancy correction, eruption disturbances, and phase I treatment. It discusses how devices like headgears and functional appliances can be used for growth modification and provides examples of studies that have examined the effects of these appliances on craniofacial growth.
This document discusses suction and retractors used in oral and maxillofacial surgery. It describes the objective of suction as removing fluids, blood, debris, and air from the surgical site to maintain a clear field of view. It outlines different types of suction instruments including tips, tubing, and devices. It also discusses various surgical retractors, their importance for providing exposure and separation of tissues during surgery, materials used, and types including self-retaining retractors. The document serves as a reference for suction and retraction tools in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
This document discusses treatment planning in orthodontics. It begins by defining treatment planning and outlining its goals, which include achieving functional occlusion, jaw function, and aesthetics. It then describes the logical sequence of treatment planning, which involves prioritizing problems, considering treatment possibilities, evaluating interactions, and developing alternative plans while considering risks and costs. Key aspects of treatment planning discussed include pathological versus developmental problems, setting treatment priorities, evaluating treatment possibilities, compromising when goals cannot all be fully achieved, and the importance of timing treatment appropriately based on a patient's age. The document also outlines principles of orthodontic triage and maximizing esthetic outcomes at both the macro and micro levels.
The document discusses the role of orthodontics in distraction osteogenesis. It states that the relationship between orthodontists and oral surgeons is relatively new. While surgeons can make gross facial changes, orthodontists provide fine-tuning of results. Application of distraction osteogenesis to craniofacial areas is also recent, defining the orthodontic role. Cephalometric analysis is important for planning distraction procedures by determining the needed amount, placement, and orientation of distraction. Ratios are more reliable than individual measurements for accounting for individual size differences.
This document provides an overview of adjunctive orthodontic treatment for adults. It discusses the differences between adjunctive and comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Adjunctive treatment aims to facilitate other dental procedures by repositioning teeth, while comprehensive treatment focuses on achieving an ideal occlusion and may involve orthognathic surgery. The document outlines various procedures used in adjunctive treatment, including uprighting posterior teeth, crossbite correction, and forced eruption. It also discusses biomechanical considerations, timing of treatment, and alignment of anterior teeth.
Treatment planning /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in
continuing dental education , training dentists
in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide
range of dental certified courses in different
formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown &
Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Lingual orthodontics,Adult patients and General DentistryDashrath Kafle
This document discusses adult orthodontic patients and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. It notes that the number of adult patients seeking orthodontic treatment has increased significantly in recent decades. A multidisciplinary team that may include orthodontists, periodontists, surgeons, prosthodontists, and general dentists can develop comprehensive treatment plans. The document emphasizes establishing realistic expectations with adult patients and focusing on esthetics, function, and cost-effectiveness. It stresses the importance of a team approach to provide optimal care.
Pre prosthetic orthodontic implant for management of congenitally unerupted l...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
The maxillary lateral incisor is one of the most common congenitally missing teeth of the permanent dentition. With the advent of implants in the field of restorative dentistry, a stable and predictable fixed prosthetic replacement has become a reality, especially for young adult patients who suffer from congenital absence of teeth. The dual goals of establishment of functional stability as well as enhancement of esthetic outcomes are made achievable by the placement of implants. A multidisciplinary team approach involving the triad of orthodontist, periodontist and restorative dentist will ensure the successful completion of the integrated treatment approach in these patients. The present case report achieved successful implant based oral rehabilitation in a patient diagnosed with congenital absence of bilateral maxillary lateral incisors utilizing a preprosthetic orthodontic implant site preparation for the purpose of space gain.
The document discusses the management of oro-craniofacial abnormalities, which have increased in incidence over recent decades. A multidisciplinary team approach is needed to diagnose and treat these deformities, which usually begin at birth and may continue into a patient's 20s. Treatment involves various surgical and non-surgical procedures at different ages, with the overall goals of improving patient aesthetics, confidence, and quality of life.
This document discusses adult orthodontics, including:
- The history of adult orthodontics dating back to 1880.
- Reasons for the increased interest in adult orthodontics, such as improved appliance techniques and patient awareness.
- Differences between treating adult vs. adolescent patients, including that adults have no growth potential and require more collaboration with other specialists.
- Types of adult orthodontic patients and treatments, including adjunctive treatment to facilitate restorations by positioning teeth.
- Goals and procedures for adjunctive treatment focus on improving periodontal health and crown-root ratios by uprighting teeth.
Dental Implants by Tamara Rojas D.M.D., P.A.
5000 Hollywood Blvd Suite #4
Hollywood, FL 33021
(954) 963-4700
http://www.toothfairyworkshop.com/
Dental Implants by Tamara Rojas D.M.D., P.A. is a Board Certified Periodontist specializing in gum treatments, extractions, implants and other dental specialty services. We are a kind caring pratice that caters to the fearful patients. As such we offer a variety of sedation options with treatment.
Dr. Ahmad Nazari is researching fatigue crack in teeth as part of Professor Arola's team at UMBC. Their research shows teeth become more susceptible to cracking with age due to structural changes in dentin. Nazari's role includes designing dentin tests and developing numerical models to simulate crack growth. He became interested in this research through his wife, a dentistry student, and was inspired by Professor Arola to find solutions to strengthen teeth and prevent unwanted changes. While Chinese teeth are currently weaker, the reasons are still being examined. Possible risk factors for developing cracks include biting hard objects, teeth grinding, and restorations. Future methods may help keep teeth more youthful and resistant to cracks or allow cracked teeth
This document provides information on orthodontic treatment for adults. It discusses the increase in adult orthodontic patients in recent decades due to improved techniques and materials. Treatment of adults differs from adolescents in that adults do not have growth to assist in correcting malocclusions. The goals, limitations, diagnosis, treatment planning and biomechanics of adult orthodontics are described. Adults often require interdisciplinary treatment involving orthodontics, periodontics, restorative dentistry and sometimes orthognathic surgery. Maintaining proper vertical control and achieving an optimal functional and aesthetic outcome are priorities in treating orthodontic cases in adult patients.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
1) The document argues against routinely mounting dental casts on articulators for orthodontic treatment, as there is no convincing evidence that it improves outcomes.
2) While articulators may help elucidate jaw relationships, using them routinely appears perfunctory given that factors like occlusion and condyle position are no longer considered primary causes of temporomandibular disorders.
3) The paradigm around temporomandibular disorders has shifted from a dental model to a biopsychosocial one, and orthodontics is now considered temporomandibular disorders neutral.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Practice management in paediatric dentistry deepak chawhanDeepak Chawhan
A thorough knowledge of practice management in today’s paediatric dental set up is a very important, more so because the entire outlook has shown a radical shift. From inception as a branch dealing with extraction of baby teeth which were decayed, today’s Pedodontists practice prevention and preservation.
The document provides information about a textbook of orthodontics, including details about its publisher, copyright information, contributors, and contents. It begins with front matter such as a notice, cataloging information, and contributor list. The contents section outlines the book's 6 main sections covering topics such as growth and development, diagnosis, appliances, treatment considerations, other aspects of treatment, and orthodontics as adjunct treatment.
Early orthodontic treatment /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian de...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Excess of space in the dental arch is diagnosed as a
generalised spacing or a local divergence, often
observed in the maxillary anterior region, as a median
diastema, traumatic loss of central incisors, or
congenital absence of lateral incisors. Furthermore,
spacing is observed in aging individuals, due to
pathological migration of teeth caused by
periodontitis. Finally, adult individuals with partial
edentulous jaws demand pre-prosthetic orthodontic
treatment from functional aspects. Thus, indication for
orthodontic treatment in subjects with spacing of teeth
exists for aesthetic reasons, but also for facilitating
prosthetic restorations with optimal occlusalstability.
Aesthetic Management of Fractured Anteriors: A Case ReportAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Introduction: Coronal fracture of anterior teeth is an important topic for esthetic dentistry. Such fractures may jeopardize esthetics, function, tissue biology
and occlusal physiology, thus endangering tooth vitality and integrity. Coronal fractures resulting from dental trauma most frequently occur to the maxillary
anterior teeth of adolescents and less frequently to mandibular teeth. Adult teeth may also suffer traumatic fracture, although less frequently than for
adolescents.
Case Report: In our case, an economical and time-saving novel technique has been described for direct composite restoration in a young patient with
uncomplicated fractured maxillary anterior tooth.
Conclusion: As restoring a fractured tooth is a complex procedure, this technique can prove as a simple, effective and appropriate technique that will fulfill all
the requirements of dental personnel. This technique can also prove to be easy for inexperienced beginner clinicians without requiring special skills in
providing the patients with direct composite restorations
An 18-year-old female patient was referred for a mobile tooth. After determining the tooth had a poor prognosis, the dentists decided to extract it and create an immediate partial denture incorporating the patient's natural extracted tooth for better aesthetics. They prepared the tooth and denture, placed it after extraction, and recalled the patient after 24 hours for adjustments. The denture provided interim replacement and aesthetics until a definitive treatment could be planned.
This document discusses mixed dentition space analysis, which is used to predict space requirements for unerupted permanent teeth during the mixed dentition period from ages 6 to 12 years. Accurate prediction is important for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The document outlines three main methods for mixed dentition space analysis: 1) using measurements of erupted permanent teeth on dental casts to predict sizes of unerupted teeth, 2) measuring unerupted teeth directly on radiographs, and 3) combining the first two methods. It provides details on several commonly used techniques within each category to facilitate space prediction and assessment of crowding or spacing in the dental arches.
Adult orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Congenitally missing teeth are frequently presented to the dentist. Interdisciplinary approach may be needed for the proper treatment plan. The available treatment modalities to replace congenitally missing teeth include prosthodontic fixed and removable prostheses, resin bonded retainers, orthodontic movement of maxillary canine to the lateral incisor site and single tooth implants. Implants are a viable option for replacement of congenitally missing lateral incisors and should be considered before the commencement of definitive treatment plan. Early diagnosis, and proper planning can achieve excellent aesthetics. Interdisciplinary treatment plays a vital role to achieve an excellent, esthetic result for a most predictable outcome. This article aims to present a case report of replacement of bilaterally ,congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors with dental implants .
Climfel Maries T. Datoon is applying for a position as a High School Mathematics Teacher. She has 2 years of teaching experience and graduated with a Bachelor's Degree in Mathematics. She encourages learning through hands-on activities and uses different teaching methods like class discussions and cooperative learning to create an interactive classroom. Currently she teaches various subjects in addition to Mathematics, which has helped her become a versatile teacher. She has included her character reference and is looking forward to discussing how she can benefit the school.
Lingual orthodontics,Adult patients and General DentistryDashrath Kafle
This document discusses adult orthodontic patients and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. It notes that the number of adult patients seeking orthodontic treatment has increased significantly in recent decades. A multidisciplinary team that may include orthodontists, periodontists, surgeons, prosthodontists, and general dentists can develop comprehensive treatment plans. The document emphasizes establishing realistic expectations with adult patients and focusing on esthetics, function, and cost-effectiveness. It stresses the importance of a team approach to provide optimal care.
Pre prosthetic orthodontic implant for management of congenitally unerupted l...Abu-Hussein Muhamad
The maxillary lateral incisor is one of the most common congenitally missing teeth of the permanent dentition. With the advent of implants in the field of restorative dentistry, a stable and predictable fixed prosthetic replacement has become a reality, especially for young adult patients who suffer from congenital absence of teeth. The dual goals of establishment of functional stability as well as enhancement of esthetic outcomes are made achievable by the placement of implants. A multidisciplinary team approach involving the triad of orthodontist, periodontist and restorative dentist will ensure the successful completion of the integrated treatment approach in these patients. The present case report achieved successful implant based oral rehabilitation in a patient diagnosed with congenital absence of bilateral maxillary lateral incisors utilizing a preprosthetic orthodontic implant site preparation for the purpose of space gain.
The document discusses the management of oro-craniofacial abnormalities, which have increased in incidence over recent decades. A multidisciplinary team approach is needed to diagnose and treat these deformities, which usually begin at birth and may continue into a patient's 20s. Treatment involves various surgical and non-surgical procedures at different ages, with the overall goals of improving patient aesthetics, confidence, and quality of life.
This document discusses adult orthodontics, including:
- The history of adult orthodontics dating back to 1880.
- Reasons for the increased interest in adult orthodontics, such as improved appliance techniques and patient awareness.
- Differences between treating adult vs. adolescent patients, including that adults have no growth potential and require more collaboration with other specialists.
- Types of adult orthodontic patients and treatments, including adjunctive treatment to facilitate restorations by positioning teeth.
- Goals and procedures for adjunctive treatment focus on improving periodontal health and crown-root ratios by uprighting teeth.
Dental Implants by Tamara Rojas D.M.D., P.A.
5000 Hollywood Blvd Suite #4
Hollywood, FL 33021
(954) 963-4700
http://www.toothfairyworkshop.com/
Dental Implants by Tamara Rojas D.M.D., P.A. is a Board Certified Periodontist specializing in gum treatments, extractions, implants and other dental specialty services. We are a kind caring pratice that caters to the fearful patients. As such we offer a variety of sedation options with treatment.
Dr. Ahmad Nazari is researching fatigue crack in teeth as part of Professor Arola's team at UMBC. Their research shows teeth become more susceptible to cracking with age due to structural changes in dentin. Nazari's role includes designing dentin tests and developing numerical models to simulate crack growth. He became interested in this research through his wife, a dentistry student, and was inspired by Professor Arola to find solutions to strengthen teeth and prevent unwanted changes. While Chinese teeth are currently weaker, the reasons are still being examined. Possible risk factors for developing cracks include biting hard objects, teeth grinding, and restorations. Future methods may help keep teeth more youthful and resistant to cracks or allow cracked teeth
This document provides information on orthodontic treatment for adults. It discusses the increase in adult orthodontic patients in recent decades due to improved techniques and materials. Treatment of adults differs from adolescents in that adults do not have growth to assist in correcting malocclusions. The goals, limitations, diagnosis, treatment planning and biomechanics of adult orthodontics are described. Adults often require interdisciplinary treatment involving orthodontics, periodontics, restorative dentistry and sometimes orthognathic surgery. Maintaining proper vertical control and achieving an optimal functional and aesthetic outcome are priorities in treating orthodontic cases in adult patients.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
1) The document argues against routinely mounting dental casts on articulators for orthodontic treatment, as there is no convincing evidence that it improves outcomes.
2) While articulators may help elucidate jaw relationships, using them routinely appears perfunctory given that factors like occlusion and condyle position are no longer considered primary causes of temporomandibular disorders.
3) The paradigm around temporomandibular disorders has shifted from a dental model to a biopsychosocial one, and orthodontics is now considered temporomandibular disorders neutral.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Practice management in paediatric dentistry deepak chawhanDeepak Chawhan
A thorough knowledge of practice management in today’s paediatric dental set up is a very important, more so because the entire outlook has shown a radical shift. From inception as a branch dealing with extraction of baby teeth which were decayed, today’s Pedodontists practice prevention and preservation.
The document provides information about a textbook of orthodontics, including details about its publisher, copyright information, contributors, and contents. It begins with front matter such as a notice, cataloging information, and contributor list. The contents section outlines the book's 6 main sections covering topics such as growth and development, diagnosis, appliances, treatment considerations, other aspects of treatment, and orthodontics as adjunct treatment.
Early orthodontic treatment /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian de...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Excess of space in the dental arch is diagnosed as a
generalised spacing or a local divergence, often
observed in the maxillary anterior region, as a median
diastema, traumatic loss of central incisors, or
congenital absence of lateral incisors. Furthermore,
spacing is observed in aging individuals, due to
pathological migration of teeth caused by
periodontitis. Finally, adult individuals with partial
edentulous jaws demand pre-prosthetic orthodontic
treatment from functional aspects. Thus, indication for
orthodontic treatment in subjects with spacing of teeth
exists for aesthetic reasons, but also for facilitating
prosthetic restorations with optimal occlusalstability.
Aesthetic Management of Fractured Anteriors: A Case ReportAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Introduction: Coronal fracture of anterior teeth is an important topic for esthetic dentistry. Such fractures may jeopardize esthetics, function, tissue biology
and occlusal physiology, thus endangering tooth vitality and integrity. Coronal fractures resulting from dental trauma most frequently occur to the maxillary
anterior teeth of adolescents and less frequently to mandibular teeth. Adult teeth may also suffer traumatic fracture, although less frequently than for
adolescents.
Case Report: In our case, an economical and time-saving novel technique has been described for direct composite restoration in a young patient with
uncomplicated fractured maxillary anterior tooth.
Conclusion: As restoring a fractured tooth is a complex procedure, this technique can prove as a simple, effective and appropriate technique that will fulfill all
the requirements of dental personnel. This technique can also prove to be easy for inexperienced beginner clinicians without requiring special skills in
providing the patients with direct composite restorations
An 18-year-old female patient was referred for a mobile tooth. After determining the tooth had a poor prognosis, the dentists decided to extract it and create an immediate partial denture incorporating the patient's natural extracted tooth for better aesthetics. They prepared the tooth and denture, placed it after extraction, and recalled the patient after 24 hours for adjustments. The denture provided interim replacement and aesthetics until a definitive treatment could be planned.
This document discusses mixed dentition space analysis, which is used to predict space requirements for unerupted permanent teeth during the mixed dentition period from ages 6 to 12 years. Accurate prediction is important for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The document outlines three main methods for mixed dentition space analysis: 1) using measurements of erupted permanent teeth on dental casts to predict sizes of unerupted teeth, 2) measuring unerupted teeth directly on radiographs, and 3) combining the first two methods. It provides details on several commonly used techniques within each category to facilitate space prediction and assessment of crowding or spacing in the dental arches.
Adult orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Congenitally missing teeth are frequently presented to the dentist. Interdisciplinary approach may be needed for the proper treatment plan. The available treatment modalities to replace congenitally missing teeth include prosthodontic fixed and removable prostheses, resin bonded retainers, orthodontic movement of maxillary canine to the lateral incisor site and single tooth implants. Implants are a viable option for replacement of congenitally missing lateral incisors and should be considered before the commencement of definitive treatment plan. Early diagnosis, and proper planning can achieve excellent aesthetics. Interdisciplinary treatment plays a vital role to achieve an excellent, esthetic result for a most predictable outcome. This article aims to present a case report of replacement of bilaterally ,congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors with dental implants .
Climfel Maries T. Datoon is applying for a position as a High School Mathematics Teacher. She has 2 years of teaching experience and graduated with a Bachelor's Degree in Mathematics. She encourages learning through hands-on activities and uses different teaching methods like class discussions and cooperative learning to create an interactive classroom. Currently she teaches various subjects in addition to Mathematics, which has helped her become a versatile teacher. She has included her character reference and is looking forward to discussing how she can benefit the school.
Sony owns companies across different stages of the music industry including music rights, artists, distribution, and devices. They own the rights to popular artists like Foo Fighters, Britney Spears, and Leona Lewis. Sony also sells music through CDs and downloads and audio devices like MP3 players. Additionally, Sony gains exposure for their music by including it in their films and video games.
The document discusses how the creator's magazine front cover and contents page represent particular social groups and aspects they are pleased or could improve on.
For the front cover, the creator chose a female student to not seem male-focused, and included stereotypically "boyish" blue font to match the male survey respondents. They are pleased with the name and background photo but could improve by adding a date/issue and making it less male-focused.
For the contents page, all pictures relate to cover lines or college and the creator likes the consistent colors and positioning. They could improve by making picture sizes even and clarifying the pixelated logo.
This document discusses mapping lived place through an experiential lens. It describes mapping as a way to represent how elements of the physical environment are embodied in personal narratives. The author advocates studying movement as part of how meaning and place emerge, noting movement unfolds narratives within the environment. Case studies using mapmaking are presented, such as having workers map their work terrain and paths to represent associations to locations. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of methods to study people's experience of place on the move and how meaning practices are situated and unfold through movement within the physical world.
Las mejores herramientas para crear un blogCarlos Alcaide
Si tienes en mente crear un blog, en esta breve presentación te detallo las 4 principales herramientas para todos los públicos. Esoge la que más se adecúe a tu proyecto.
"Articulating Co-Design in Museums", CSCW 2016 presentationLuigina Ciolfi
The document summarizes two participatory co-design processes used in the meSch project to create tangible digital installations for museums. In the first process, workshops were held with partners to develop concept ideas and non-functional prototypes. In the second process, an existing prototype was customized by a museum and designers. Both processes involved sharing skills and knowledge between participants and shaping design decisions through activities, but the existing prototype more directly influenced roles and participation compared to ideas and non-functional representations. The document reflects on the benefits and challenges of different collaboration approaches within co-design.
Este manual fornece diretrizes para a utilização da logomarca do Centro Universitário Brasília Star, definindo suas cores, formatos, reduções permitidas e áreas de segurança. O logotipo foi criado para representar a alma esportiva do bar por meio de elementos gráficos que transmitem entretenimento e lazer.
Как создавать ценность продукта совместно с потребителем? Gor Matevosyan
С развитием технологий требования современного потребителя увеличиваются с огромной скоростью. Компании и производители постоянно сталкиваются со стратегическими вопросами развития компании: как максимально удовлетворить нужды потребителей, как разработать инновации, как оставаться в постоянном взаимодействии со своими потребителями. Для ответа на такие вопросы, они часто приходят к новым подходам, таким как совместное создание. Сегодня крупные компании стали привлекать заинтересованных лиц в создании новых товаров и услуг. В презентации рассмотрены основные тенденции в использовании совместного создания, представлены наиболее успешные кейсы.
“Identifying Value Co-creation in Innovation Ecosystems Using Social Network Analysis,” Inaugural Lecture: Innovation Forum. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. August 2, 2010.
12 Dental Specialties Which Specialist is BEST for you.pdfAnshuman Jamdade
The modern refined (soft and sticky) sugary diet has not only worsened our oral but systemic health too. The mouth has the second largest and most diverse microbiota after the gut and it became a constant source of inflammation. Tooth decay and gum diseases are one of the most common diseases affecting mankind. Teeth, gums, jaws, salivary glands, and oral-facial structures are interconnected complex members of the same family. Dentistry is not just limited to teeth. As everyone is a dental patient, dentists routinely encounter medical conditions. Many systemic diseases usually manifest in the oral cavity. Furthermore, dental tissues once damaged cannot be regenerated or repaired by themselves. Dentists have to be both doctors as well as engineers. You need special skills and knowledge about dentistry, medicine as well as engineering to manage dento-maxillofacial structure. Oral health is necessary to maintain your overall health and well-being. That’s why, dentistry demands extensive, time-consuming, rigorous training to master its art and science. Dental specialties are developed to improve the art and science of dentistry and the quality of patient care. Many patients are not familiar with dental specialties/specialists. As of this writing, there are twelve dental specialties / dental specialists. It is important for you to know about dental specialties, what they do, and which specialist is BEST for you.
Study Programs in Dentistry
Dentistry, in the field of study, offers both graduate (bachelor’s) and post-graduate (master’s) degree programs. A bachelor’s degree known as a Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) or a Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD), is a four-year study program that provides basic knowledge and practical skills in the field of oral health so that you can apply the same to diagnose and treat the patients of this field in an optimal way, as well as to educate people about preventive measures. Upon completion, graduates are eligible to practice general dentistry.
Master of Dental Surgery (MDS) is a post-graduate degree program in dentistry that take three years to complete. Individuals must have completed BDS to be eligible for the MDS program. MDS is a dental specialization course that focuses on the advanced study of a particular area of dentistry, much like a cardiologist or neurologist. MDS course takes three years to complete and includes coursework, clinical training, and research. Upon completion, post-graduates are eligible to practice as a specialist in their field as well as general dentistry.
In some countries that recognize dental specialties, the specialist is only allowed to practice the specialty and cannot carry out the practice of general dentistry. A general dentist may refer patients (complex cases), and a specialist’s practice is mainly on a referral basis. In some countries, a specialist can conduct general as well as specialty practice.
12 Dental Specialties include:
Oral Medicine and Radiology
Oral Medicine and R
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Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
This document discusses the examination and diagnosis of complete denture patients. It emphasizes the importance of a thorough case history and physical examination. The case history should explore the patient's dental history, medical history, habits, expectations and mental attitude. The physical examination involves both extraoral and intraoral assessment including facial form, profile, symmetry, complexion and lip support. A systematic examination allows for an accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment plan.
This document discusses dental caries and the management of patients at high risk for caries. It describes the restorative cycle where patients receive repeated restorations due to new caries forming next to existing restorations. Early detection of caries lesions and ongoing risk assessment of patients is important to help prevent disease progression and need for advanced treatment. Factors like diet, oral hygiene, fluoride exposure, and saliva influence caries risk. For high risk patients, treatment planning aims to continually reduce risk and monitor lesions.
Ectodermal dysplasia prosthodontic managament/endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
15.ectodermal dyspalsia prosthodontic managament/ dental implant coursesIndian dental academy
This document discusses the dental management and treatment of patients with ectodermal dysplasia (ED). It describes the characteristics of ED such as abnormal development of skin, hair, nails and teeth. The most common treatment approaches for ED patients include removable dentures, fixed dental work and dental implants. While implants can provide benefits, there are concerns about placing them in growing jaws as they may become fused in the bone or interfere with jaw growth. Overall treatment of ED patients requires a multidisciplinary approach and prosthetic treatment is important for physiological and psychological reasons.
Dental Implants by Tamara Rojas D.M.D., P.A.
5000 Hollywood Blvd Suite #4
Hollywood, FL 33021
(954) 963-4700
http://www.toothfairyworkshop.com/fort-lauderdale/
Dental Implants by Tamara Rojas D.M.D., P.A. is a Board Certified Periodontist specializing in gum treatments, extractions, implants and other dental specialty services. We are a kind caring pratice that caters to the fearful patients. As such we offer a variety of sedation options with treatment.
This document is from the website of Dr. Eduardo Duarte Clinic and provides information about orthodontic treatment. It discusses what orthodontics is, the types of orthodontic devices, the treatment process, costs, and risks. It also provides before and after photos of patients who received orthodontic treatment at the clinic.
Dental Implants by Tamara Rojas D.M.D., P.A.
5000 Hollywood Blvd Suite #4
Hollywood, FL 33021
(954) 963-4700
http://www.toothfairyworkshop.com/
Dental Implants by Tamara Rojas D.M.D., P.A. is a Board Certified Periodontist specializing in gum treatments, extractions, implants and other dental specialty services. We are a kind caring pratice that caters to the fearful patients. As such we offer a variety of sedation options with treatment.
The document discusses orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. It defines diagnosis as identifying and describing a patient's orthodontic problems. Treatment planning involves outlining a strategy to address the problems while maximizing benefits and minimizing risks. It discusses indications for treatment including psychosocial, developmental, functional, and trauma/disease factors. It also addresses distinguishing moderate problems treated in general practice from more complex cases requiring referral to an orthodontic specialist.
This document discusses the benefits of using a dental microscope for procedures. It notes that microscopes allow dentists to see small cavities and decay more clearly, finding more issues that need treatment. Dr. Reid, as a founder of the Academy of Microscope Enhanced Dentistry, relies heavily on the microscope and says he couldn't practice without it. The document shows pictures comparing views with and without a microscope and emphasizes that the microscope allows dentists to properly diagnose and treat issues.
This document provides information on adult orthodontics. It discusses the history of adult orthodontic treatment, reasons for the increased interest in adults seeking treatment, differences between adult and adolescent patients, limitations of treatment for adults, and objectives of adult orthodontic treatment. Treatment for adults focuses on aesthetics, function, stability and achieving Class I occlusion while considering biological and biomechanical factors like reduced growth potential and periodontal health.
This document provides an introduction to guidelines published by the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) for managing traumatic dental injuries (TDIs). It summarizes that TDIs frequently occur in children and young adults, with luxation injuries and crown fractures being the most common types in primary and permanent teeth respectively. The guidelines aim to provide information for immediate care of TDIs and recognize that subsequent specialist treatment may be needed. They are based on an extensive literature review from 1996-2019 and expert consensus where evidence was limited. The guidelines emphasize the importance of proper diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up to achieve favorable outcomes for injured teeth.
There is a huge demand for dentists in India, as the dentist to population ratio is very low at only 1 dentist per 10,000 people. To become a dentist requires obtaining a Bachelor of Dental Surgery degree after intermediate education focused on chemistry, physics, and biology. Dentistry involves maintaining oral health through diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of issues like gum disease. There are many specialty areas in dentistry that require additional training after the BDS. Choosing a career as a dentist provides benefits like financial security, flexibility, and personal satisfaction from improving patients' oral health and smiles.
This document discusses adult orthodontics and compares treatment of adult patients to adolescent patients. It notes that interest in orthodontic treatment for adults has increased due to factors like improved aesthetics from direct bonding and lingual appliances. Adult patients are generally divided into younger adults seeking comprehensive treatment and older adults prioritizing dental health. Treatment objectives, diagnosis, and planning require more customization for adults. Key differences from adolescents include no growth potential, more emphasis on symptoms over signs, and less adaptability.
(1) The document discusses orthodontic treatment for adult patients. It notes that adults now comprise about 30% of orthodontic patients in the US.
(2) Adult patients are divided into two groups - younger adults under 35 who did not receive treatment as youths, and older adults over 40 who need orthodontics as part of larger dental treatment.
(3) Treating adult patients presents unique challenges as they are more likely to have medical issues, dental problems like caries and periodontitis requiring other treatments, and less tolerance for tooth movement due to lack of growth. Psychological considerations and desire for esthetic appliances also differ from child patients.
This document provides an introduction to dentistry, including:
1. A brief overview of the historical background of dentistry and key developments like the discovery of x-rays and the establishment of the first dental hygiene school.
2. A description of the main members of the dental healthcare team - dentists, dental assistants, dental hygienists, and dental technicians - and their roles and responsibilities.
3. A discussion of dental specialties like orthodontics, oral surgery, endodontics, and prosthodontics.
4. A high-level look at the typical areas and flow of a dental office, including reception, treatment rooms, and sterilization areas.
Indications & contra indications of implant supported prosthesis /certified f...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
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The Basics of Dentistry covers essential information on oral health, dental procedures, and common dental problems. This Presentation provides a comprehensive overview of dentistry, including the importance of preventive care, dental hygiene practices, and treatment options for various dental issues. Whether you're a dental professional or someone seeking to improve your oral health, this Presentation offers a valuable resource on the fundamentals of dentistry.
1. DDOONNAALLDD NN.. RREEIIDD,, DDDDSS,, FFIICCOOII
Would you like to develop the skills and understanding
to confidently treat
the most complicated occlusions?
Dr. Don Reid lectures internationally on the diagnosis, evaluation and
treatment of bite disorders, facially generated treatment planning and the
health-centered Volitional practice. He also teaches hands-on programs
for treating the worn dentition. Dr. Reid’s unique range of experiences
combined with a passion for resolving occlusion confusion make him an
exceptional choice for your next meeting!
Choose from one of Dr. Reid’s popular presentations below… or ask about
customizing a presentation to meet your group’s needs.
Dr. Reid’s informative and enthusiastic presentations
will make your next meeting a hit!
RREESSOOLLVVIINNGG OOCCCCLLUUSSIIOONN CCOONNFFUUSSIIOONN
This course will help you see how simple occlusion understanding is when broken down into its bare elements
of teeth, bones, muscles and a joint! You’ll gain confidence to solve bite problems and use the same principles to
predict successful outcomes whether restoring single teeth or full arches.
FFAACCIIAALLLLYY GGEENNEERRAATTEEDD TTRREEAATTMMEENNTT PPLLAANNSS
Acquire a fresh and simplified understanding to treatment plan what people really need and want. Learn why
diagnostic principles around occlusion and esthetics are essential to achieve the step-by-step system of planning
required for long term clinical success and patient satisfaction.
TTMMJJ CCUURREEDD:: FIXING THE BITE IS THE ANSWER
Join Dr. Reid for a course that will help you see for yourself why muscles hurt, jaws ache and pop, and teeth are
unnecessarily damaged because of an improper bite. Various treatment options to solve TMJ and bite issues
will be explored so you will understand the best choice for you and your patients.
((553300)) 558877--99556600
WWW.DRDONREID.COM
DON@DRDONREID.COM
2. RREESSOOLLVVIINNGG OOCCCCLLUUSSIIOONN CCOONNFFUUSSIIOONN
If the destructive forces from occlusion scare you, you’re not alone!
Exposure to complicated techniques and equipment, a profusion of
philosophies, and meaningless rules intensifies confusion which
prevents otherwise capable dentists from performing complex
dentistry.
This course will help you see how simple occlusion understanding is
when broken down into its bare elements of teeth, bones, muscles
and a joint! You’ll gain confidence to solve bite problems and use the same principles to predict
successful outcomes whether restoring single teeth or full arches.
PARTICIPANTS WILL LEARN:
Recognize the signs and symptoms of Occlusal Disease and how to discuss them with a patient at the
examination.
When altering an existing occlusion makes sense.
The benefits of border positions in the front and back of the
mandible.
How teeth contacts cause TMD.
A simple method to differentiate intra and extra articular
disorders.
When an occlusion demonstrates orthopedic stability.
How to alter tooth form to ensure restorative success.
What TMJ noises look like in 3D.
How and when to change Vertical Dimension.
Learn to use appliances to locate, register and capture
excellent bite records.
Several techniques to capture centric relation bite records.
What to do and say when treating a severely compromised
occlusion .
This course illuminates every cause, effect and treatment of
destructive bite forces. Dr Reid’s passionate style utilizes
theory, 3-D animations, and clinical examples to help
attendees gain confidence / skills in this controversial arena.
As a General Practitioner that treated over two thousand
destructive occlusions, Dr Reid conveys relevant
information that can be used on Monday morning.
DDOONNAALLDD RREEIIDD,, DDDDSS
WWW.DRDONREID.COM
DON@DRDONREID.COM
((553300)) 558877--99556600
VViieeww VViiddeeoo::
HTTP://YOUTU.BE/DPT3XTJYFTE
3. FFAACCIIAALLLLYY GGEENNEERRAATTEEDD TTRREEAATTMMEENNTT PPLLAANNSS
Daily chair-side dentistry is solely dependent on the skills
of the practitioner to evaluate, diagnose and present
dentistry. Unfortunately, most graduates are unskilled to
address both occlusion and esthetics and consequently
offer fine dentistry but incomplete treatment plans.
Subsequently, patients don’t receive the benefits of
more beautiful smiles and restorative dentistry that
withstands the test of time. The practice suffers from the ‘busyness’ created by single tooth dentistry
instead of relaxing and more profitable full arch care.
Dr. Reid has treated over two thousand destructive occlusions in his general practice. In this course, he
presents the knowledge and skills that weren’t emphasized in dental school so you will acquire a fresh
and simplified understanding to develop the confidence to treatment plan what people really need
and want.
Learn why diagnostic principles around occlusion and
esthetics are essential to achieve the step-by-step system of
planning required for long term clinical success and patient
satisfaction. In addition, the concepts of how to present
your findings to the patient are covered in detail.
PARTICIPANTS WILL LEARN:
Which photographs are necessary for patient education,
comprehensive treatment planning and lab communication.
How and why a composite mock-up can be useful for patient,
lab, and surgical communication.
The key steps in treatment planning and why it is important
that they be completed in a specific order .
Why treatment planning and treatment sequencing must be
separated into two processes to come up with a plan that
integrates esthetics and occlusion .
To develop a treatment plan that optimizes esthetics while
providing optimal function, even in patients with difficult
wear problems .
The common patterns of tooth position changes with tooth
wear, how they affect occlusion and esthetics, and how to
correct them.
How to safely and logically discuss treatment with your
existing patients.
Upgradeable Dentistry - When and how phasing can be done
to help patients who cannot financially manage a large or
complex case but have the desire and resources to begin.
DDOONNAALLDD RREEIIDD,, DDDDSS
WWW.DRDONREID.COM
DON@DRDONREID.COM
((553300)) 558877--99556600
VViieeww VViiddeeoo::
HTTP://YOUTU.BE/DPT3XTJYFTE
4. TTMMJJ CCUURREEDD
FIXING THE BITE IS THE ANSWER
If you have not personally experienced a TMJ problem, chances are you
know people who have. The symptoms include debilitating headaches,
jaw opening issues, loose, sore and fracturing teeth and excess grinding
and clenching of the teeth. In the past, many TMJ sufferers underwent
surgery or massive reconstruction while a minimally invasive solution
was ignored.
Most dental school graduates are confused over the workings of this unique joint. Join Dr. Reid for a
course that will help you see for yourself why muscles hurt, jaws ache and pop, and teeth are
unnecessarily damaged because of an improper bite. We’ll explore and discuss various treatment
options to solve TMJ and bite issues so you will understand the best choice for you and your patients.
PARTICIPANTS WILL LEARN:
The bare bone elements of a stable, comfortable and healthy
bite… a unique view of the jaw bones, joints, teeth and
muscles.
A simple, predictable and practice building diagnostic tool to
help over 90% of TMJ sufferers learn they have healthy joints
and a bite-muscle problem!
Improper bites are either developed from birth, a trauma to
the jaws, or after extensive dentistry or orthodontics. The
cause and effect of all causes will be well understood.
Treatments to solve TMJ or bite issues vary. Bite balancing or
equilibration, oral devices (splints), restorative dentistry, as
well as orthodontic intervention will be discussed .
THE ‘HEADACHE DILEMMA’ SOLVED
The title, format, and content of Dr. Reid’s presentations can be
adjusted to fit the needs of your audience. This course can also be
customized for special groups, such as:
woman
dental staff
hygiene
…or the entire team!
DDOONNAALLDD RREEIIDD,, DDDDSS
WWW.DRDONREID.COM
DON@DRDONREID.COM
((553300)) 558877--99556600
VViieeww VViiddeeoo::
HTTP://YOUTU.BE/DPT3XTJYFTE
5. DDOONNAALLDD NN.. RREEIIDD,, DDDDSS,, FFIICCOOII
I was one of those very confused dentists who lacked the skills and
understanding to confidently treat their patients due to the confusion
around occlusion. The patients are usually healthy periodontally with
minimal or no caries, yet they are breaking-grinding-loosening- and causing
pain in their teeth that goes largely ignored or they are treated for the
effects and not the cause of destructive bite forces.
When patients have an ‘Aha’ moment in understanding their problems,
they are fans for life and enthusiastically refer their family and friends.
Based upon 15 years of experience speaking on this topic, I anticipate my
audience will have an ‘Aha’ moment themselves when the see the simplicity of this complex
masticatory system. Past participants say: “They can’t wait to get back to work on Monday morning.”
Dr. Don Reid lectures internationally on the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of bite disorders,
facially generated treatment planning and the health-centered Volitional practice. He also teaches
hands-on programs for complete reconstructive dentistry as well as advises colleagues with clinical
dilemmas. He is published in leading dental journals and magazines.
Dr. Reid is the creator of BiteFX software animations which depict the destructive effects caused by
malocclusions or temporal mandibular disorders. Dr. Peter Dawson’s Center, as well as universities
and private institutions around the globe, are using Dr. Reid’s software to enhance student’s
comprehension of the human masticatory system.
Dr. Reid is a fellow of the International Congress of Oral
Implantology, graduate of the Dawson Center for Advanced
Dental Studies, Misch International Implant Institute and is a
both pioneer and a founding Father of the Academy of
Microscope Enhanced Dentistry. He is a long standing
member of the American and California Dental Associations,
Dental Organization for Conscious Sedation and the
American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry.
WWW.DRDONREID.COM
DON@DRDONREID.COM
((553300)) 558877--99556600
VViieeww VViiddeeoo::
HTTP://YOUTU.BE/DPT3XTJYFTE
6. PPRREEVVIIOOUUSS PPRREESSEENNTTAATTIIOONNSS // TTEESSTTIIMMOONNIIAALLSS
PARTIAL LISTING OF PREVIOUS PRESENTATIONS
Seattle WAGD mastermind group
Smile Vision occlusion Webinar
Dawson Center for Advanced Dental Studies
Academy of Microscope Enhanced Dentistry
Loma Linda Study Club: Occlusion Centered Dentistry- A global
opportunity
Omer Reed Napilli Seminars
The Group at Cox
“Ever since I first met Dr. Reid I have been impressed with his passion for practicing excellent dentistry and
communicating the concepts and importance of occlusion to his colleagues. My own teaching has benefited
greatly from the animations he pioneered. If you want an exciting, motivating speaker who delivers essential
knowledge with passion, backed up by the experience of a most successful practice, I have no hesitation in
recommending Dr. Reid to you.”
Ross Nash, DDS; Founder. The Nash Institute
“I’ve literally taken courses on comprehensive dentistry from nearly everyone imaginable and for the first time I
get it, it makes sense, and it’s easy! Don explains the most misunderstood topic in dentistry in a way that is easy
to follow, easy to remember, and easy to implement.”
Zachary Potts, DDS; Port Hueneme, CA
“Dr. Reid lives by the prudent philosophy ‘The best dentistry is no dentistry and a good bite!’ He’s a fellow
pioneer in preventive and behavioral practice. As a founding father of the newly formed Congress Of Microscope
Enhanced Dentistry ( 2002), his enhanced vision gives him expanded information to share with our profession.
His warmth and authenticity will disarm you and his enthusiasm is
contagious.”
Omer K Reed DDS; Phoenix, AZ
“Dr. Reid’s vast knowledge of bite management makes him an
extremely effective speaker who really motivated me to be the
best doctor I can possibly be. I learned so much from his course it
has changed what I feel is possible in my practice.”.
Dr. Jason Melashenko; Surprise, AZ
“Not only was Dr. Reid’s knowledge of occlusion impressive, but his
delivery and non-condescending explanation of occlusion was
amazing. Dr. Reid helped me understand occlusion, as well as
teaching me ways I could better treat my patients with occlusal
trauma.”
Kevin K. Shim, DDS; Gresham, OR
DDOONNAALLDD RREEIIDD,, DDDDSS
WWW.DRDONREID.COM
DON@DRDONREID.COM
((553300)) 558877--99556600
VViieeww VViiddeeoo::
HTTP://YOUTU.BE/DPT3XTJYFTE
7.
8.
9.
10. 49A Case Study in Handling and Explaining Occlusal Disease
Occlusal disease is one of the most destructive and neglected elements in dentistry
and plays a major role in reducing the longevity of our finest restorative efforts. It
can present itself in the form of painful, clicking TM joints, sore facial muscles,
headaches, tooth wear, tooth looseness, sensitivity, and migration. It is a dominant
factor in the fracture of restorations on posterior teeth.
Although a dentist may understand the cause and effect of these destructive forces,
explaining these concepts to patients and their families can be very difficult. It is
much easier to discuss the solution for caries or fractured teeth than it is to describe
how excess wear is caused by a movement of the mandible from maximum intercus-
pation, in and out of a centric relation position. Likewise, understanding how Á
A case study in handling and explaining occlusal diseaseSeeing is believing...
– ARTICLE by Don Reid, DDS
– PHOTOS & ILLUSTRATIONS
provided by D2Effects LLC
11. 50 A Case Study in Handling and Explaining Occlusal Disease50
interferences on the balancing or non-working side during lateral excursions occur
is difficult enough for dentists to see and detect, this difficulty is only compounded
when we try to explain these problems to patients. Difficult or not, we are obligat-
ed to offer a treatment plan for the resolution of all disease categories which fall
within our scope of health care service.
CASE REPORT
A middle aged lady reported to my office with a request to have an implant crown
placed on an integrated implant in the lower left #18 area (Fig. 1). Upon cursory
examination, I observed signs of severe wear, occlusal disease, throughout the
mouth and quite notably in the lower left quadrant (Fig. 2). I informed her of my con-
cern, that implant success or failure after osteointegration was largely dependent on
having proper distribution of the biting forces. I assured her we’d restore the implant
for the greatest potential for long term success and asked for the opportunity to
study her case further prior to making restorative decisions. She rescheduled for a
complete examination which included (1.) full mouth x-rays, (2.) nine intraoral pho-
tographs (Canon Digital Rebel), (3.) Panorex, and (4.) mounted study models (SAM
III) in centric relation.
A complete examination was conducted evaluating the TMJ, muscles, periodontal
structures, occlusion, and an oral cancer screening was performed. The tooth by
tooth exam, looking for excess wear, looseness, fractures and caries, was aided by
the use of a dental operating microscope (Global Protégé).
Due to facial muscle tightness, I fabricated an anterior deprogramming device and
asked her to wear it at night and monitor the effects on her muscles and jaw. She
was then scheduled for a treatment plan consultation.
Fig. 2 Lower left arch for implant crown.Fig. 1 Existing implant in lower left #18 area. Fig. 3 Upper occlusal view before treatment.
Case Report
12. 51A Case Study in Handling and Explaining Occlusal Disease 51
THE HISTORY
The patient’s history included tooth loss of #18 due to a fracture of the crown as
well as a recent history of loosening, fracturing and early replacement of all-ceram-
ic restoration on #8 and 9 (Figs. 2 & 3). She stated she has a habit of grinding her
teeth and felt that was contributing towards the crown failure. Additionally, the
patient was not pleased with the appearance of her smile as she felt her teeth were
too short. Her long term goal was to keep her natural teeth for life and avoid repeat-
ed dental treatment.
CLINICAL FINDINGS
The periodontal structures were quite healthy and there was minimal evidence of
caries. There was muscle tenderness upon direct palpation of the masseters, tempo-
ralis, and medial pterygoids as well as the lateral pterygoids upon indirect palpation.
There was excessive hypertrophy of the masseters as well as the temporalis muscles.
The mandible had full range of motion in all possible movements. There were no
intracapsular disorders of the TMJ as determined by Doppler auscultation and load
testing. There was severe wear throughout the mouth as well as abfractions along
with slight tooth mobility. There was a CR contact on the distal of #19, with a 2mm
vertical component and a 2mm forward component into maximal intercuspation
(MI). There were interferences in lateral excursions on the working and non work-
ing sides bilaterally. Protrusive was WNL.
The potential for repeated crown fracturing, as well as potential implant failure due
to destructive forces of occlusion, was very high. Allowing these destructive forces
to persist could cause implant failure, restorative failure, or tooth loss. Not treating
this disease would have severe implications for the patient. Á
Figs. 4, 5, 6 Tooth wear and abfractions.
Clinical Findings
TOOTH
WEAR
ABFRACTIONS
TOOTH WEAR
ABFRACTIONS
13. 52 A Case Study in Handling and Explaining Occlusal Disease
Demonstrating Joint Position
Figs. 7, 8 Animation
showing muscle func-
tion and removing ten-
sion in pterygoids.
Figs. 9 & 10
Animations contrasting
stable (left) and unsta-
ble (right) bites.
CONSULTATION TIME
Using her mounted models, I was able to show my client how worn her natural
teeth had become. The models were mounted in CR so the first contact was on
tooth #19 and there were lateral interferences in all eccentric jaw movements.
In the past, these findings were important yet difficult for the patient to understand
even with mounted models. My goal in creating BiteFX™ was to show patients the
relevance of proper joint position, normal muscle function, the role of proper ante-
rior guidance, and finally the value of ideal tooth contacts in a way that could be
easily understood.
The patient had experienced remarkable relief of facial muscle soreness with the
deprogrammer so I began by educating her on the reason behind this success.
Through animations (illustrated in Figs. 7 & 8), the client could see how the muscles
closed the jaw and allowed the joint to fully seat, removing the tension in the ptery-
goid muscles. This had the net effect of changing the mandible position and causing
the teeth to fit differently after nighttime usage.
PROPER JOINT POSITION
I was able to show the patient the difference between a stable bite, with CR in har-
mony with MI and no ability to slide forward and backwards on the back teeth, and
an unstable bite by showing two contrasting BiteFX animations (Figs. 9 &10).
NORMAL MUSCLE FUNCTION
To explain her muscle tenderness I showed her two animations; one illustrating nor-
mal muscle function (Fig. 11) and the other showing hyper-muscle activity (Fig. 12).
14. 53A Case Study in Handling and Explaining Occlusal Disease 53
Muscle Function/Anterior Guidance
Figs. 11, 12 Normal
muscle function (left)
compared with muscle
hyper-activity (right).
Figs. 13, 14
Animations illustrating
anterior guidance.
It was easy to illustrate, that when the jaw closes into a stable bite,it requires no
usage of the muscles that position the jaw forward and sideways.
PROPER ANTERIOR GUIDANCE
The patient exhibited severe wear and lateral interferences on both the working and
balancing sides. Using BiteFX animations she could visualize the destructive effects
of her existing occlusal disease, and the benefits of proper anterior guidance as
snapped in figures 13-16.
PROPER TOOTH CONTACTS
The animations illustrated in figures 17 and 18 showed the patient proper tooth con-
tacts which minimize the contact, wear and stress to the teeth as compared to
destructive contacts which can wear, move or break teeth.
ATTAINING CENTRIC RELATION POSITION
I’m often asked how I determine the proper position of the joint. In this case, I repli-
cated the action of the closing muscles of the jaw by using bimanual manipulation.
In addition, I had her clench repeatedly on an anterior de-programmer. I was able
to attain CR records using both techniques.
TREATMENT PLANNING FOR SUCCESS
Once the patient began to understand the advantages of a stable occlusion, she start-
ed to focus on the esthetics of her smile. The occlusal attrition was dramatic and the
central incisors were as long as they were wide. To establish longer upper front
teeth required opening the vertical dimension as determined by mandibular Á
15. 54 A Case Study in Handling and Explaining Occlusal Disease
Proper Tooth Contacts
Figs. 15, 16
Animation illustrating
the effects of lost ante-
rior guidance.
Figs. 17, 18
Animations showing
ideal tooth contacts
(left) and comparing
proper and destructive
tooth contacts (right).
translation and the closest speaking space. Evaluation of this parameter combined
with the patient’s desires, I requested maxillary centrals 12mm long and correspon-
ding lowers 10mm in the diagnostic wax up.
TREATMENT PLAN
Step 1. Continued anterior deprogrammer therapy followed by occlusal equili-
bration to include anterior guidance using composite build-ups on
the cuspids.
Step 2. New impressions for mounted study models in CR and a full mouth diag-
nostic wax up to the desired tooth lengths.
Step 3. Preparation, impression taking, and provisionalization of both arches
simultaneously.
Step 4. Evaluation of the form, function, and comfort during the provisionalization
period (6 months).
Step 5. Final shade selection, fabrication of all ceramic restorations from first
bicuspid to first bicuspid, and porcelain fused to gold on the remaining
posterior teeth.
Step 6. The final phase is impressions and fabrication of the lower implant crown
#18. Ironically, this last procedure was the first item requested at the ini-
tial office visit. Á
16. 56 A Case Study in Handling and Explaining Occlusal Disease
TREATMENT PHASE
Visit #1 - Equilibration and Diagnostic Wax-up
Wearing the anterior deprogrammer had relaxed the muscles, which allowed for an
easy and complete occlusal equilibration. Full arch impressions using VPS were
made. A SAM III axiomatic bite fork and face bow were taken, as well as CR bite
records using Futar D.
Since centric relation is independent of tooth contact or position, I take the record
at a 2-4 mm vertical opening to maintain adequate thickness of the recording mate-
rial. This enables the laboratory to avoid breakage due to thinness of material. The
client selected a smile she liked and that guided the Rx for the diagnostic wax up.
Digital photos of the client’s existing smile were included with the prescription. The
vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) was determined by the height necessary to
accommodate adequate speaking space.
Visit #2 - Preparation
Preplanning and visualization of both the occlusal scheme and final tooth shape and
position are essential for predictable and efficient treatment.
Beginning with ‘The end in mind’ includes having clear provisional matrices, ‘suck
down’ prep guides, replica stone models of the diagnostic wax up, as well as mount-
ed waxed models available at the start of treatment.
An electric hand piece and new Brasseler diamonds allowed for an effective 5 hour
visit during which both arches were prepped, final impressions were taken, and pro-
visionals placed. CR bite records as well as facebow were taken.
Temporaries
Figs. 19, 22
The patient’s
temporaries.
17. 57A Case Study in Handling and Explaining Occlusal Disease
Visit #3 - The Test Drive
This is the period where the newly increased VDO is evaluated with emphasis on
speech and esthetics. The temporaries (Figs. 19 - 22) were modified to the patient’s
desires (i.e. more pointed canines), and alginate impressions, digital photos and face-
bow records were given to the lab to create the final restorations.
Visit #4 - Shade Selection
The client opted for very white teeth. The Vitapan 3D shade guide was used. A sin-
gle incisor was fabricated and tried in to get the patient’s approval prior to complet-
ing the entire case.
Visit #5 - Expect the Unexpected
During the 6 month trial test drive, the pulp of #3 was irreversibly inflamed. The
tooth had a prior history of severe pain after a crown was placed several decades
ago. The client rejected the option of saving the tooth with root canal therapy and
chose extraction and bone grafting, followed by implant placement and implant
retained crown (Figs. 23 - 24). The extraction and bone graft were completed using
Grafton matrix and Pepgin N -15.
After 4 months, a 6mm x 9mm Biohorizons D4 Maestro implant was placed and
simultaneously a “Sinus Lift” of 3mm was performed with flat ended osteotomes and
a conservative tissue punch access rather than a full flap.
Visit #6 - Completion
The final restorations (Figs. 25 - 30) were placed using RelyX bonding agent for the
refractory porcelain and Fuji GC luting cement for the posterior PFMs. The delivery
appointment went smoothly and required only ‘spot adjusting’ in several areas. Á
Implants / Final Restorations
Figs. 23, 24 Placing
the implant for #3.
Figs. 25, 26
Final restorations.
18. 58 A Case Study in Handling and Explaining Occlusal Disease
There was no hint of a CR slide and all eccentric jaw motions were WNL!
CONCLUSION
Placing an implant or any final restoration in an environment where it has the poten-
tial to fail due to destructive occlusal forces is unwise. Communicating the effect of
occlusal disease can be frustrating and difficult yet nonetheless it is our responsi-
bility as health professionals.
Realizing that all patients may not require nor want extensive full mouth reconstruc-
tion, a simpler solution would have been to equilibrate and restore anterior guidance
with a minimal approach using composites. Her muscle soreness would be eliminat-
ed and the potential for repeated porcelain failure would be very minimal.
The beauty of understanding and presenting solutions to occlusion disease is that
whether you are doing something very minimal or, as in this case, major, the case
can be completed in phases (one arch or anterior segment at a time). The treatment
principles are the same regardless of scope of treatment. This case started with a
desire to do a single implant crown on #18. The patient was also concerned about
repeated crown loosening and fracture and she was aware of grinding her teeth.
With the help of 3D animations, I was able to demonstrate the destructive effects
caused by an unstable occlusion which increased her understanding and confidence
to accept a rather extensive treatment plan. The result is a beautiful healthy smile
that will last.
Final Restorations
Figs. 27-30
Final restorations.