Dorothea Orem developed the Self-Care Deficit Theory of Nursing. She graduated with nursing degrees in the 1930s and 1940s. Orem had a long career in nursing education and administration. She published her theory in 1971. The theory has three parts: self-care, self-care deficits, and nursing systems. It focuses on assessing patients' ability to perform daily tasks and providing nursing support to address any deficits. While comprehensive, some criticisms are that it is time-consuming and dependent on nursing assessment and support. Orem's theory remains influential in nursing education and practice today.
Orems theory ppt for M.Sc. nursing 1st yearShweta Kumar
Introduction: Orem defines self-care as a learned, goal oriented activity directed towards the self in the interest of maintaining life, health, development and well being. The goal of Orem’s theory is to help the client perform self-care.
Biography of theorist Dorothea E Orem: Dorothea E Orem was born in Baltimore, Maryland on July 15, 1914. She was a nursing theorist and creator of the ‘ Self-care deficit ’ nursing theory, also known as the Orem model of nursing.
Orem’s General Theory Of Nursing: Orem (1991) states her general theory. Orem developed the Self-Care Deficit Theory Of Nursing, which is composed of three interrelated theories: 1) Theory of self-care: Self-care, self-care agency, basic conditioning factors, the therapeutic self-care demand, self-care requisites- Universal (Activities of daily living [ADL]), Developmental, Health deviation
2) Theory of self-care deficit, 3) Theory of nursing systems: Wholly compensatory system, partly compensatory system, supportive educative system.
Orem’s theory and nursing metaparadigm:Definition of metaparadigm- “ the concept that identify the phenomenon of central interest to a discipline ; the prepositions that describe those concepts and their relationships to each other.”
Nursing metaparadigm concepts: *Nursing,* Health, *Environment, *Human being.
Orem’s theory and nursing process:
Nursing process- 1)Assessment, 2)Nursing diagnosis, 3)Plans with scientific rationale, 4)Implementation, 5)Evaluation
Orem’s nursing process- 1)Diagnosis and prescription ; determine why nursing is needed. Analyze and interpret- make judgements regarding care. 2)Design of a nursing system and plan for delivery of care. 3)Production and management of nursing systems.
Orem’s work and the characteristics of a theory:- *Theories must be logical in nature,* simple yet generalizable,*basis of hypothesis that can be tested,* assist in increasing the general body of knowledge,* practitioners to guide and improve their practice,* consistent with other validated theories , laws and principles.
Strengths of Orem’s theory:-
Limitations of Orem’s theory:-
Application of Orem's Self-Care Deficit theory: Evaluation of the application of self care deficit theory:
Summary: Orem presents her general theory of nursing, The self care deficit theory of nursing , which is composed of three interrelated theories of self care, self care deficit and nursing systems. This theory is used as basis for nursing school curriculum and base of nursing information system.
Chapter 14 Self-care deficit theory of nursingVioleta A. BeEstelaJeffery653
Chapter 14: Self-care deficit theory of nursing
Violeta A. Berbiglia, Barbara Banfield*
PowerPoit by Dr. Sergio Osegueda
Dorothea E. Orem (1914–2007)
“Nursing is practical endeavor, but it is practical endeavor engaged in by persons who have specialized theoretic nursing knowledge with developed capabilities to put this knowledge to work in concrete situations of nursing practice.” (Orem, 2001)
Credentials and background of the theorist
Dorothea Elizabeth Orem was born in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1914.
She began her nursing career at Providence Hospital School of Nursing in Washington, DC, where she received a diploma of nursing in the early 1930s.
Orem received a bachelor of science degree in Nursing Education from Catholic University of America (CUA) in 1939, and she received a master’s of science degree in Nursing Education from the same university in 1946.
Background
Orem’s early nursing experiences included operating room nursing, private duty nursing (home and hospital), hospital staff nursing on pediatric and adult medical and surgical units, evening supervisor in the emergency room, and biological science teaching.
Orem held the directorship of both the nursing school and the Department of Nursing at Providence Hospital, Detroit, from 1940 to 1949. After leaving Detroit, she spent 8 years (1949–1957) in Indiana working at the Division of Hospital and Institutional Services of the Indiana State Board of Health.
In 1957, Orem moved to Washington, DC, to take a position at the Office of Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, as a curriculum consultant. From 1958 to 1960, she worked on a project to upgrade practical nurse training.
That project stimulated a need to address the question: What is the subject matter of nursing? As a result, Guides for Developing Curricula for the Education of Practical Nurses was developed (Orem, 1959).
Background
In 1970, Orem left CUA and began her consulting firm. Orem’s first published book was Nursing: Concepts of Practice (Orem, 1971).
She was editor for the NDCG as they prepared and later revised Concept Formalization in Nursing: Process and Product (NDCG, 1973, 1979).
In 2004 a reprint of the second edition was produced and distributed by the International Orem Society for Nursing Science and Scholarship (IOS). Subsequent editions of Nursing: Concepts of Practice were published in 1980, 1985, 1991, 1995, and 2001. Orem retired in 1984 and continued developing the self-care deficit nursing theory (SCDNT).
Background
Georgetown University conferred the honorary degree of Doctor of Science on Orem in 1976.
She received the CUA Alumni Association Award for Nursing Theory in 1980.
Other honors included Honorary Doctor of Science, Incarnate Word College, 1980; Doctor of Humane Letters, Illinois Wesleyan University, 1988; Linda Richards Award, National League for Nursing, 1991; and Honorary Fellow of the American Academy of Nursing, 1992.
She was awa ...
Orems theory ppt for M.Sc. nursing 1st yearShweta Kumar
Introduction: Orem defines self-care as a learned, goal oriented activity directed towards the self in the interest of maintaining life, health, development and well being. The goal of Orem’s theory is to help the client perform self-care.
Biography of theorist Dorothea E Orem: Dorothea E Orem was born in Baltimore, Maryland on July 15, 1914. She was a nursing theorist and creator of the ‘ Self-care deficit ’ nursing theory, also known as the Orem model of nursing.
Orem’s General Theory Of Nursing: Orem (1991) states her general theory. Orem developed the Self-Care Deficit Theory Of Nursing, which is composed of three interrelated theories: 1) Theory of self-care: Self-care, self-care agency, basic conditioning factors, the therapeutic self-care demand, self-care requisites- Universal (Activities of daily living [ADL]), Developmental, Health deviation
2) Theory of self-care deficit, 3) Theory of nursing systems: Wholly compensatory system, partly compensatory system, supportive educative system.
Orem’s theory and nursing metaparadigm:Definition of metaparadigm- “ the concept that identify the phenomenon of central interest to a discipline ; the prepositions that describe those concepts and their relationships to each other.”
Nursing metaparadigm concepts: *Nursing,* Health, *Environment, *Human being.
Orem’s theory and nursing process:
Nursing process- 1)Assessment, 2)Nursing diagnosis, 3)Plans with scientific rationale, 4)Implementation, 5)Evaluation
Orem’s nursing process- 1)Diagnosis and prescription ; determine why nursing is needed. Analyze and interpret- make judgements regarding care. 2)Design of a nursing system and plan for delivery of care. 3)Production and management of nursing systems.
Orem’s work and the characteristics of a theory:- *Theories must be logical in nature,* simple yet generalizable,*basis of hypothesis that can be tested,* assist in increasing the general body of knowledge,* practitioners to guide and improve their practice,* consistent with other validated theories , laws and principles.
Strengths of Orem’s theory:-
Limitations of Orem’s theory:-
Application of Orem's Self-Care Deficit theory: Evaluation of the application of self care deficit theory:
Summary: Orem presents her general theory of nursing, The self care deficit theory of nursing , which is composed of three interrelated theories of self care, self care deficit and nursing systems. This theory is used as basis for nursing school curriculum and base of nursing information system.
Chapter 14 Self-care deficit theory of nursingVioleta A. BeEstelaJeffery653
Chapter 14: Self-care deficit theory of nursing
Violeta A. Berbiglia, Barbara Banfield*
PowerPoit by Dr. Sergio Osegueda
Dorothea E. Orem (1914–2007)
“Nursing is practical endeavor, but it is practical endeavor engaged in by persons who have specialized theoretic nursing knowledge with developed capabilities to put this knowledge to work in concrete situations of nursing practice.” (Orem, 2001)
Credentials and background of the theorist
Dorothea Elizabeth Orem was born in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1914.
She began her nursing career at Providence Hospital School of Nursing in Washington, DC, where she received a diploma of nursing in the early 1930s.
Orem received a bachelor of science degree in Nursing Education from Catholic University of America (CUA) in 1939, and she received a master’s of science degree in Nursing Education from the same university in 1946.
Background
Orem’s early nursing experiences included operating room nursing, private duty nursing (home and hospital), hospital staff nursing on pediatric and adult medical and surgical units, evening supervisor in the emergency room, and biological science teaching.
Orem held the directorship of both the nursing school and the Department of Nursing at Providence Hospital, Detroit, from 1940 to 1949. After leaving Detroit, she spent 8 years (1949–1957) in Indiana working at the Division of Hospital and Institutional Services of the Indiana State Board of Health.
In 1957, Orem moved to Washington, DC, to take a position at the Office of Education, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, as a curriculum consultant. From 1958 to 1960, she worked on a project to upgrade practical nurse training.
That project stimulated a need to address the question: What is the subject matter of nursing? As a result, Guides for Developing Curricula for the Education of Practical Nurses was developed (Orem, 1959).
Background
In 1970, Orem left CUA and began her consulting firm. Orem’s first published book was Nursing: Concepts of Practice (Orem, 1971).
She was editor for the NDCG as they prepared and later revised Concept Formalization in Nursing: Process and Product (NDCG, 1973, 1979).
In 2004 a reprint of the second edition was produced and distributed by the International Orem Society for Nursing Science and Scholarship (IOS). Subsequent editions of Nursing: Concepts of Practice were published in 1980, 1985, 1991, 1995, and 2001. Orem retired in 1984 and continued developing the self-care deficit nursing theory (SCDNT).
Background
Georgetown University conferred the honorary degree of Doctor of Science on Orem in 1976.
She received the CUA Alumni Association Award for Nursing Theory in 1980.
Other honors included Honorary Doctor of Science, Incarnate Word College, 1980; Doctor of Humane Letters, Illinois Wesleyan University, 1988; Linda Richards Award, National League for Nursing, 1991; and Honorary Fellow of the American Academy of Nursing, 1992.
She was awa ...
UNIT-IV M.Sc I year THEORIES APPLIED IN COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING.pptxanjalatchi
What are theories and models of nursing?
Image result for community health nursing theories and models
Four major concepts are frequently interrelated and fundamental to nursing theory: person, environment, health, and nursing. These four are collectively referred to as metaparadigm for nursing. Person, Nursing, Environment, and Health – the four main concepts that make up the nursing metaparadigm.
UNIT-IV M.Sc I year THEORIES APPLIED IN COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING.pptxanjalatchi
What are theories and models of nursing?
Image result for community health nursing theories and models
Four major concepts are frequently interrelated and fundamental to nursing theory: person, environment, health, and nursing. These four are collectively referred to as metaparadigm for nursing. Person, Nursing, Environment, and Health – the four main concepts that make up the nursing metaparadigm.
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5. Orem’s World of Academia
1959- Dean of the School of Nursing at Catholic University of America
1976- Doctorate of Science from Georgetown University
1988- Doctor of Humane Letters from IllinoisWesleyan University
1998- Doctor of Nursing Honoris Causae from University of Missouri
Retired in 1984
8. The Historical Evolution of
Orem’s Model
Orem
worked on
developing
nursing
curriculum
and nursing
practice
1949-
1957
Worked for the
Office of
Education, in the
U.S. Dept. of
Health,
Education and
Welfare as a
curriculum
consultant
1958-
1960
Guidelines for
Developing
Curricula for the
Education of
Practical Nurses
was developed
(Tomey and
Alligood,
2006).
1958-
1960
cont’d
9. Evolution continued..
Eventually served
as the acting
dean of the
School of
Nursing at the
Catholic
University of
America
1960-
1970
Published
Nursing:
Concepts of
Practice
1971
11. Metaparadigm: Person
An individual or group of individuals who
have the ability to acquire the knowledge
necessary to perform tasks of self care.
Ability to integrate self-care tasks and family,
community and individual needs.
Motivation to accomplish self care tasks.
Intellectual ability to cognitively perform,
delegate and evaluate tasks performed.
12. Metaparadigm: Health
“Promotes function
and development
within social groups in
accordance with
human potential,
known human
limitation, and the
human desire to return
to normal” (Tomey &
Alligood, 2006 p. 279).
18. Concepts Unique to Orem’s Model
Three NursingTheories
1. TheTheory of Self
Care
2. TheTheory of Self-
Care Deficit
3. TheTheory of
Nursing Systems
19. Theory of Self-Care
“Self –care comprises the practice of
activities that maturing and mature persons
initiate and perform, within time frames, on
their own behalf in the interest of
maintaining life, healthful functioning,
continuing personal development and well-
being through meeting known requisites for
functional and developmental
regulations”(Tomey & Alligood, 2006 p.269).
20. Theory of Self-Care continued
TheTheory of Self-
Care has three
components: universal
self-care needs,
developmental self-
care needs and health
deviation.
21. Theory of Self-Care Deficit
A self-care deficit occurs
when an individual cannot
carry out self-care
requisites.
Examples of self-care
requisites are:
Wound care
Activities of Daily Living
Bowel program
Glucose monitoring
22. Universal Self-Care Requisites
The 8 elements :
Air
Food
Water
Elimination/Excretion
Activity & Rest
Solitude/Social
interaction
Functioning/Well-being
Normalcy
23. Theory of Nursing Systems
Total compensatory support- patient is
unable to complete any self-care
independently; nursing compensates for
patient’s inability to perform self-care.
Partial compensatory support- patient is able
to perform self-care tasks with partial or no
assistance from nursing.
Educative/supportive compensatory– patient
able to perform tasks independently. Nursing
provides ongoing education and support.
24. Orem’s Theory Applied to Nursing
Education
Teaches the student to
encourage compensatory
care in the patient
population.
Conceptualize patients’
current and potential self-
care deficits.
Supports the nursing
process in all 3 nursing
theories.
25. Research Status of Orem’s Model
Model used by multiple
nursing specialties due
to encompassing
nature of Orem’s
theory.
Current research using
Orem’s theory would
include:
Chinese Medicine
Battered woman
counseling
26. Orem’s Strengths
The Self Care DeficitTheory is
specific to nursing.
TheTheory can be used in
multiple nursing specialties.
The concept of self-care and
health maintenance are
congruent with
contemporary literature in
healthcare.
The theory creates a
coordinated nursing care plan
that adjusts to the patient’s
needs throughout recovery.
27. Orem’s Limitations
Time consuming for
nurses
Direct contact is
necessary throughout
the nursing process.
Multiple levels of the
theory to consider Self
care, self care deficit and
self care deficit potential.
Does not address
cultural needs
28. Analysis and Insights
Three theories
combined into one.
Cumbersome
Completely dependent
on nursing to assess
the patient and family’s
ability to complete
self-care requisites and
deficits
Culturally diverse
29.
30. References
MarrierTomey, A. & Alligood, M. (2006). Nursing theorists and their
work. (6th ed.) St. Louis, MO : Mosby Elsevier.
Bruce, E., Gagnon,C., Gendron, Puteris, L., &Tamblyn, A.(2009,
November 7). Dorothea Orem’sTheory of Self Care. Retrieved from
http://www.nipissingu.ca/faculty/arohap/aphome/NURS3006/Resour
ces/DorotheaOremTheory.ppt
Dorothea Orem, NursingTheory ( 2009, November 7). Retrieved from
http://faculty.ucc.edu/nursing-gervase/Orem%5B1%5D.pps