This document discusses whether the concept of conditional cash transfers conflicts with a child rights approach. It examines examples from Brazil and Mexico, noting that conditional cash transfers in these countries aim to incentivize behaviors around education and health compliance. While outcomes have included increased school enrollment and reduced child mortality, there are also potential negative consequences like infringements on child rights if non-compliance results in punitive sanctions. Ultimately, the document argues that conditionality itself is just a policy tool and not inherently opposed to child rights, but that the underlying framework of the policy around needs, risks and rights shapes how well it adheres to children's rights.