Do people from different cultures experience emotions differently? One study designed to examine this question collected data from 411 college students from five different cultures. The participants were asked to record, on a 1 (never) to 7 (always) scale, how much of the time they typically felt eight specific emotions. These were averaged to produce the global emotion score for each participant. Here is a summary of this measure: Note that the convention of giving the standard deviations in parentheses after the means saves a great deal of space in a table such as this. (a) The ANOVA F statistic was reported as 5.57. Give the degrees of freedom and either an approximate (from Table E) or an exact (from software) P- value. Sketch a picture of the F distribution that illustrates the P-value. (Round your P-value to four decimal places.) What do you conclude? We have strong evidence at the 5% level that the means are not all the same. We have no evidence at the 5% level that the means are different. (b) Without doing any additional formal analysis, describe the pattern in the means that appears to be responsible for your conclusion in part (a). Are there pairs of means that are quite similar? European Americans have the highest emotion scores, Indians are in the middle, and the other three cultures are lowest. Hispanic Americans have the highest emotion scores, Japanese are in the middle, and the other three cultures are lowest. Japanese have the highest emotion scores, Hispanic Americans are in the middle, and the other three cultures are lowest. Asian Americans have the highest emotion scores, Japanese are in the middle, and the other three cultures are lowest. European Americans have the highest emotion scores, Hispanic Americans are in the middle, and the other three cultures are lowest. Culture n Mean (s)European American Asian American Japanese Indian Hispanic American48 32 91 160 804.39 (1.01) 4.35 (1.18) 4.71 (1.13) 4.34 (1.26) 5.04 (1.16) Solution (a) numerator df= 5-1=4 denominator df = 48+32+91+160+80-5 =406 P-value = P(F with df=4 and df=406 >5.57 ) =0.0002 (from F table) We have strong evidence at the 5% level that the means are not all the same. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (b)Hispanic Americans have the highest emotion scores, Japanese are in the middle, and the other three cultures are lowest..