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1. Material Handling

2. A PRESENTATION ON
FORKLIFT

3. Contents : -
• Introduction
• Components
• Working mechanisms
• Application
• Advantages & Disadvantages

4. Introduction : -
• A forklift (also called lift truck, jitney, fork truck, fork hoist, and
forklift truck) is a powered industrial truck used to lift and move
materials over short distances.
• The forklift was developed in the early 20th century by various
companies, including Clark, which made transmissions, and Yale
& Towne Manufacturing, which made hoists.
• Forklifts have become an indispensable piece of equipment in
manufacturing and warehousing.

5. Components : -
1. Truck Frame :-
Truck Frame is the most vital component which forms the base of the machine. All of the
key components of the forklift including wheels, counterweight and mast are attached to
the truck frame.
2. Counterweight :-
The Counterweight is a cast iron weight attached to the rear part of the forklift. The aim
of the counterweight is to counter balance the load that is being lifted. On Electric
Forklift, Counterweight is fixed to the lead-acid battery.
3. Power Source :-
The forklift's power source consists of an internal combustion engine. The engine
can be fueled by LPG, CNG, diesel and natural gas. Electric Forklifts derive power
from fuel cells or or Le Lead Acid Batteries.

6. 4. Carriage :-
The carriage serves as the base to the forklift. The Carriage is fixed on mast rails so that it
can be easily moved upward and downward.
5. Mast :-
The Mast is a vertical part that lifts up and pushes down the loads. The Mast component
consists of Interlocking Rails that offers horizontal control. Like Carriage, Mast may be
equipped with rollers.

7. Working Mechanisms : -
Forklifts derive their power from two entwining mechanisms:
• A Pair Of Hydraulic Cylinders
• A Pair Of Roller Chain Pulleys
• Controls

8. Lifting Mechanism: Hydraulic Cylinders :-
 The lift handle is attached to an electrical air pump at the base of the forklift.
Once the handle is pressed, it triggers the air pump that draws the outside air
through a filter and forces it into a tube reaching to the hydraulic cylinders.
 A hydraulic cylinder comprise of a hollow tube closed at one end with a flexible
lubricated piston fitting into the other. Air gets entrapped through the base of the
cylinder that allows gasses to enter without leaking them out.
 The volume of gas in the cylinder raises the pressure inside it. The pressure
applied to the area of the piston head generates an upward force.
 This force causes the piston to move up, increasing the volume of the gas and
minimizing the pressure.
 It creates physical equilibrium at the forklift height and an equivalent force from
the Gas and the Forklift's Load.

9. Application : -
 Construction Sites :-
Industrial Forklifts serve as very useful equipment at the construction sites, as it can be used to
carry hefty building materials over long distances, across the rough terrain.
 Warehouses :-
Forklifts are most often used in the warehouses. Forklifts are mainly used for loading and
unloading trucks and for carrying goods.
 Recycling Operations :-
Forklifts are also used in recycling operations for unloading the recycling trucks or containers
and transporting their contents to the sorting bays.
 Dockyards :-
heavy duty forklifts are being used to transport bulky containers from delivery trucks to
dockside storage regions and then to ships

10. Advantages : -
 Increased Efficiency :-
Forklifts are designed to move heavy loads quickly and efficiently, reducing the time and
manpower needed to complete tasks.
 Versatility :-
Forklifts can be used in a variety of industries and settings, including warehouses,
manufacturing plants, construction sites, and ports.
 Improved Safety :-
Properly operated forklifts can improve safety by reducing the risk of injuries caused by manually
lifting and moving heavy loads.

11. Disadvantages : -
 Initial Costs :-
Forklifts can be expensive to purchase, maintain and operate, requiring a significant
initial investment.
 Training :-
Operators require specialized training and certification to operate forklifts safely and
effectively.
 Maintenance :-
Forklifts require regular maintenance to ensure safe and reliable operation, including
battery maintenance, tire replacement, and hydraulic system checks.

12. Thank you